CN110030271B - Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor - Google Patents

Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110030271B
CN110030271B CN201910374556.XA CN201910374556A CN110030271B CN 110030271 B CN110030271 B CN 110030271B CN 201910374556 A CN201910374556 A CN 201910374556A CN 110030271 B CN110030271 B CN 110030271B
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China
Prior art keywords
bearing bush
layer
backing layer
rigid backing
sensor
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CN201910374556.XA
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CN110030271A (en
Inventor
王贵新
陈广库
李晓波
李业鹏
钟宁
于子宁
马金凤
纪洪姣
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Harbin Engineering University
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Harbin Engineering University
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16CSHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/02Parts of sliding-contact bearings
    • F16C33/04Brasses; Bushes; Linings
    • F16C33/06Sliding surface mainly made of metal
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L9/00Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means
    • G01L9/08Measuring steady of quasi-steady pressure of fluid or fluent solid material by electric or magnetic pressure-sensitive elements; Transmitting or indicating the displacement of mechanical pressure-sensitive elements, used to measure the steady or quasi-steady pressure of a fluid or fluent solid material, by electric or magnetic means by making use of piezoelectric devices, i.e. electric circuits therefor

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention aims to provide a large-scale bearing bush of an integrated pressure sensor, which comprises an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush, wherein an upper rigid backing layer is arranged on the upper bearing bush, an upper tin lining layer is cast on the inner surface of the upper rigid backing layer by adopting a tin lining process, a lower rigid backing layer is arranged on the lower bearing bush, a sensor probe array is arranged on the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer, a lower tin lining layer is cast on the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer by adopting the tin lining process, sensor probes of the sensor probe array are positioned in the lower tin lining layer, an alloy layer is centrifugally cast on the upper tin lining layer and the lower tin lining layer, an oil hole and an oil duct are formed in the upper bearing bush, a lead hole is formed in the lower rigid backing layer, an outer lead of the sensor probes of the sensor probe array is led out of the lower bearing bush by the lead hole, and a protective film is adhered on the outer parts of the upper rigid backing layer and the lower rigid backing layer. The invention can meet the use requirements of bearing bush support, lubrication and heavy load, and can monitor the oil film pressure and the oil film pressure distribution form of the bearing bush in the running process in real time through the built-in pressure sensor.

Description

Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor
Technical Field
The invention relates to a low-speed diesel engine, in particular to a low-speed diesel engine bearing bush.
Background
The connecting rod large end bearing bush of the high-power marine diesel engine is used as the most main rotary friction pair in the diesel engine, and the friction loss of the connecting rod large end bearing bush accounts for more than 20% of the friction loss of the whole diesel engine, so that the connecting rod large end bearing bush is one of the weight-closing parts of the high-power medium-low speed diesel engine. The bearing bush has a plurality of defects or shortages in structural design, product processing, part installation and debugging, maintenance and detection and the like, and the defects can cause vibration, local oil film pressure rise, friction force rise and flash evaporation impact pressure of flash evaporation of lubricating oil to be intense in the running process of equipment, so that the fatigue pitting corrosion and peeling of an alloy layer of the bearing bush are easily caused, the service lives of the bearing bush and a crankshaft are seriously influenced, and even serious damage accidents are caused.
The existing bearing bush oil film pressure testing method mainly comprises the following steps: and (3) damaging the oil film pressure of the outer lead of the bearing bush structure or installing a pressure sensor on a crankshaft. The method is characterized in that a plurality of through holes are drilled on the surface of the whole bearing bush according to the positions of pressure measuring points, then the through holes are communicated with an external measuring loop, the oil film pressure of the point is measured after the oil film pressure is led out, and the influences such as lubrication oil leakage, oil film pressure surface damage, orifice runoff amplification and the like exist in the oil film pressure measured by opening the holes. The pressure sensor is arranged on the crankshaft to accurately measure the oil film pressure of the moving surface, but the opening of the sensor mounting hole on the crankshaft can cause great defects of greatly reduced strength of the crankshaft, damage to the combination condition of the crankshaft and the bearing bush surface and real-time change of the measuring position. When multipoint measurement is adopted, the number of output channels of the slip ring can be greatly increased, engineering application performance is extremely poor, and the slip ring cannot be used in actual installation. The defects and the shortcomings of the method are effectively overcome by adopting the integrated sensor type bearing bush, and the integrated bearing bush can be intensively monitored by considering the centralized installation groove position of the external outgoing line, sealing and insulating all the lead-out wires and returning to an external circuit.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide the large-sized bearing bush integrating the pressure sensor, which not only can normally meet the use requirements of bearing bush on supporting, lubricating and heavy load, but also can monitor the oil film pressure of the bearing bush and the oil film pressure distribution form in the running process in real time through the built-in pressure sensor.
The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way:
the invention relates to a large-scale bearing bush integrated with a pressure sensor, which is characterized in that: the upper bearing bush is provided with an upper rigid backing layer, the inner surface of the upper rigid backing layer is cast by adopting a tin lining process, the lower bearing bush is provided with a lower rigid backing layer, the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer is provided with a sensor probe array, the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer is cast by adopting the tin lining process, the sensor probe of the sensor probe array is positioned inside the lower tin lining layer, the upper tin lining layer and the lower tin lining layer are centrifugally cast with an alloy layer, the upper bearing bush is provided with an oil through hole and an oil duct, the lower rigid backing layer is provided with a lead hole, the outer lead of the sensor probe array is led out of the outer part of the lower bearing bush through the lead hole, and the outer parts of the upper rigid backing layer and the lower rigid backing layer are stuck with a protective film.
The invention may further include:
1. the lead wire hole is a temperature-insulating and electric-insulating ceramic conduit.
2. The sensor probes of the sensor probe array are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the lower rigid back layer.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. compared with the prior art, the technology can not only normally meet the use requirements of bearing bush support, lubrication and heavy load, but also monitor the oil film pressure and the oil film pressure distribution form of the bearing bush in the running process in real time through the built-in pressure sensor.
2. Compared with the prior art, the product can accurately measure the oil film pressure and the oil film pressure distribution condition of the bearing bush under the condition of not damaging the inner surfaces of the crankshaft and the bearing bush, has higher measurement precision, more accurate reaction oil film pressure and distribution, simpler structure and stronger engineering implementation performance, and can solve the difficult problems of inaccurate oil film pressure measurement and incapability of engineering implementation in the bearing bush industry at one time
3. Compared with the prior art, more measuring points can be implemented, the prior art is limited by pressure external guiding and the limitation of crankshaft installation space, the positions and the number of the sensor parts are greatly limited, the measured data positions are few and the positions are fixed, the effective data received by the sensor parts are also few, sufficient data cannot be provided for theoretical analysis, the system is flexible in measuring point position arrangement, the measuring point arrangement quantity can be effectively increased, the acquired measuring point data are sufficient, the feedback data are accurate, and the engineering batch production feasibility is good.
Drawings
FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of the present lower bushing and external circuitry, and FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of the sensor probe array of the lower bushing;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an integrated pressure sensor bushing system;
fig. 3a is a general schematic view of the bearing shell, fig. 3b is a right side view of the bearing shell, fig. 3c is a bottom view of the bearing shell, and fig. 3d is a perspective view of the bearing shell.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-3d, the large-scale bearing bush of the integrated pressure sensor mainly comprises an alloy casting layer 1, a tin coating layer 2, a rigid backing layer 3, a sensor probe 4 and an external circuit.
The bearing bush is internally integrated with a piezoelectric ceramic type or Hall element type pressure sensor, and the finished product of the bearing bush can integrate bearing bush lubrication, crankshaft support, oil film pressure measurement and oil film pressure distribution detection. The method can solve the problems that the oil film pressure cannot be monitored on line in real time and the measurement accuracy is reduced due to the fact that the measurement accuracy and the accuracy are damaged by applying a conventional oil film pressure measurement method in the use process of the bearing bush products at one time, and fills the blank of the bearing bush fault diagnosis industry.
The product adopts an advanced manufacturing process, utilizes the characteristics of high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance of piezoelectric ceramics, firstly, the pressure sensor probe is designed to be light and thin, then the sensor probe is concentrated, high temperature resistance and insulation packaging are carried out, and finally, the sensor probe is arranged on the bearing bush sensor mounting seat surface; the sensor probe lead wire is led to an external amplifying circuit through the outer side of the back through hole after high-temperature insulation, wherein the outer lead wire through hole of the back material needs to be embedded with an insulating ceramic conduit for temperature insulation treatment and electrical insulation treatment, so that the insulation layer of the sensor probe outer lead wire is prevented from being damaged due to vibration abrasion or the insulation layer of the lead wire is prevented from being burnt due to over high casting and preheating temperature.
The sensor probe adopts an axial sensor probe array and a circumferential sensor probe array which are uniformly distributed on the axial direction and the circumferential direction, the oil film pressure on the pressure bearing surface of the whole bearing bush is mainly uniformly tested, all the sensor probes are positioned below an alloy casting layer, the structure of the sensor probe does not damage the surface roughness structure of the alloy layer of the bearing bush, the lubrication environment of the joint surface of a crankshaft and the bearing bush is not influenced, and the accuracy and the precision of the oil film pressure of the bearing bush and the distribution data of the oil film pressure are highest.
The sensor probe is cast under the bearing bush alloy layer, the sensor probe and the bearing bush are organically combined together, the problem that lubricating oil is required to be led out after a whole bearing bush is drilled to form a through hole when oil film pressure is tested is avoided, the pressure sensor is adopted to measure the pressure, the main structure of the bearing bush is directly damaged, and the installation position of the sensor is extremely difficult to implement in engineering application. The bearing bush of the integrated sensor can be directly arranged in the bearing bush seat hole, the installation position of the sensor is not needed to be considered, the arrangement problem of the outer lead of the sensor is not needed to be considered, the concentrated bearing bush is used for leading the wire harnesses into an outer circuit for concentrated connection after unifying the wire harnesses.
The lowest high temperature resistant temperature of the piezoelectric ceramic or Hall element probe 4 is 500 ℃, wherein the tin lining temperature is 300 ℃, the casting temperature of the alloy layer is 420 ℃, the piezoelectric ceramic and the Hall element probe adopt a packaging structure, and after insulating packaging, the module also needs to be plated with a high bonding strength plating layer on the surface so that the module can resist high temperature, insulate and have good bonding strength with surrounding alloy
After the sensor probe is put on the bearing bush rigid back layer, a tin lining process is needed to be carried out on the inner surface of the bearing bush rigid back layer, and firstly, the tin lining layer has good tin-iron bonding strength, so that the sensor probe can be well fixed; secondly, the tin-lined layer also has good bonding strength of the tin alloy layer, so that the bonding force between the alloy layer and the back of the steel can be enhanced; finally, the temperature during tin coating is 300 ℃, so that the workpiece on the back can be preheated, the temperature difference during casting of the alloy layer is reduced, and the influence of foaming and gas precipitation of the alloy layer on the bonding strength of the alloy layer is avoided.
The sensor lead wire via hole on the back of the body needs to be embedded with an insulating ceramic tube, the outer lead wire of the sensor probe is led out of the tile back after passing through the insulating ceramic tube and enters an external amplifying circuit, and the ceramic tube mainly protects the outer lead wire and prevents the whole vibration of the equipment from wearing an insulating layer or the oxidation lead wire with overhigh casting temperature.
The sensor probes are distributed on the bearing bush pressing surface, and the pressure in the pressing surface area is monitored in real time.
And finally, leading out wires of the sensor probe on the pressing surface of the whole bearing bush are led out, are uniformly connected into an external circuit according to the sequence of measuring points, and are stored, calculated and analyzed by an upper computer to display the oil film pressure and the oil film pressure distribution.
As can be seen from fig. 3, the large-sized bearing bush integrating the pressure sensor is mainly divided into two parts, namely an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush, the upper bearing bush is mainly provided with an oil through hole and an oil duct, the lower bearing bush mainly plays a role in supporting a crankshaft and bearing impact load, the crankshaft starts to rotate under the pushing action of in-cylinder pressure, the relative motion of the crankshaft and the bearing bush promotes the oil film pressure to rise, and a bearing area is formed in the lower bearing bush area, so that the sensor probes 3 are all positioned on the lower bearing bush area and uniformly distributed in the axial direction, and thus the oil film pressure in the area can be accurately measured in the main bearing area.
The product is produced by adopting an integrated centrifugal casting mode, firstly, the sensor probes 4 are arranged on the inner surface of the cylindrical rigid back 3 in an array manner, so that the installation of each sensor probe is stable and firm, the inner surface of the cylindrical rigid back 3 is cleaned, decontaminated and air-dried, and the inner surface of the rigid back is clean and pollution-free; secondly, sticking a protective film on the outer surface of the cylindrical steel back 3, casting a tin-lined layer 2 on the inner surface of the cylindrical steel back by adopting a tin-lining process, wherein the tin-lined layer 2 has uniform thickness and smooth surface quality and is free of impurities; thirdly, casting alloy layer molten metal such as bus alloy 1 on the tin lining layer on the inner surface of the back 3, and centrifugally casting on a centrifugal machine, and keeping the whole product warm, removing stress and cooling for later use; and finally, the cylindrical rigid back 3 is required to be split by a linear cutting machine, the cylindrical rigid back 3 is processed into an upper bearing bush and a lower bearing bush, the partial details of the bearing bush are processed until the bearing bush is processed into a bearing bush finished product, a lead wire is connected to a lead wire at the back of the rigid back, signals are led to a centralized charge amplifier, and then the centralized charge amplifier enters a large bearing bush fatigue testing machine for strength and fatigue test, and whether each detection point can meet the test precision and use requirements is checked.

Claims (3)

1. A large-scale axle bush of integrated pressure sensor, characterized by: the upper bearing bush is provided with an upper rigid backing layer, the inner surface of the upper rigid backing layer is cast by adopting a tin lining process, the lower bearing bush is provided with a lower rigid backing layer, the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer is provided with a sensor probe array, the inner surface of the lower rigid backing layer is cast by adopting the tin lining process, the sensor probe of the sensor probe array is positioned inside the lower tin lining layer, the upper tin lining layer and the lower tin lining layer are centrifugally cast with an alloy layer, the upper bearing bush is provided with an oil through hole and an oil duct, the lower rigid backing layer is provided with a lead hole, the outer lead of the sensor probe array is led out of the outer part of the lower bearing bush through the lead hole, and the outer parts of the upper rigid backing layer and the lower rigid backing layer are stuck with a protective film.
2. A large scale bearing shell for an integrated pressure sensor according to claim 1, wherein: the lead wire hole is a temperature-insulating and electric-insulating ceramic conduit.
3. A large scale bearing shell for integrated pressure sensors according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the sensor probes of the sensor probe array are uniformly arranged along the axial direction and the circumferential direction of the lower rigid back layer.
CN201910374556.XA 2019-05-07 2019-05-07 Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor Active CN110030271B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910374556.XA CN110030271B (en) 2019-05-07 2019-05-07 Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201910374556.XA CN110030271B (en) 2019-05-07 2019-05-07 Large-sized bush integrated with pressure sensor

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CN110030271A CN110030271A (en) 2019-07-19
CN110030271B true CN110030271B (en) 2023-12-19

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1498315A (en) * 2001-02-02 2004-05-19 ����˹ͨ(��ʿ)���޹�˾ Method and device for monitoring operation of plain bearing
JP2006105372A (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Techno-Fort Co Ltd Lubrication monitoring device for slide bearing
CN101275606A (en) * 2008-01-22 2008-10-01 重庆跃进机械厂 Manufacturing process of high-power low-speed diesel shaft bushing
CN103543014A (en) * 2013-10-28 2014-01-29 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Tubular turbine generator set radial bearing state monitoring system
CN205298269U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-08 南通航运职业技术学院 Marine diesel engine is from floating owner bearing device
CN105805161A (en) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-27 马勒发动机系统英国有限公司 Sliding bearing
CN106151276A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-23 芜湖美达机电实业有限公司 A kind of environmental protection bearing shell
CN210265514U (en) * 2019-05-07 2020-04-07 哈尔滨工程大学 Large-scale bearing bush of integrated pressure sensor

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1498315A (en) * 2001-02-02 2004-05-19 ����˹ͨ(��ʿ)���޹�˾ Method and device for monitoring operation of plain bearing
JP2006105372A (en) * 2004-10-08 2006-04-20 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Techno-Fort Co Ltd Lubrication monitoring device for slide bearing
CN101275606A (en) * 2008-01-22 2008-10-01 重庆跃进机械厂 Manufacturing process of high-power low-speed diesel shaft bushing
CN103543014A (en) * 2013-10-28 2014-01-29 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Tubular turbine generator set radial bearing state monitoring system
CN105805161A (en) * 2015-01-16 2016-07-27 马勒发动机系统英国有限公司 Sliding bearing
CN205298269U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-06-08 南通航运职业技术学院 Marine diesel engine is from floating owner bearing device
CN106151276A (en) * 2016-07-13 2016-11-23 芜湖美达机电实业有限公司 A kind of environmental protection bearing shell
CN210265514U (en) * 2019-05-07 2020-04-07 哈尔滨工程大学 Large-scale bearing bush of integrated pressure sensor

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
塑料滑动轴承综合性能测试系统研制;古乐;工程塑料应用;第35卷(第8期);63-65 *

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