CN110029993B - Construction method for rapidly constructing large-sized cutting vertical groove in multiple underground middle sections - Google Patents
Construction method for rapidly constructing large-sized cutting vertical groove in multiple underground middle sections Download PDFInfo
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- CN110029993B CN110029993B CN201910248604.0A CN201910248604A CN110029993B CN 110029993 B CN110029993 B CN 110029993B CN 201910248604 A CN201910248604 A CN 201910248604A CN 110029993 B CN110029993 B CN 110029993B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for rapidly constructing a large-scale cutting vertical groove by multiple underground middle sections, which comprises the following steps: 1. constructing to form a cutting raise; 2. constructing to form a small cutting vertical groove; 3. the small cutting vertical groove of the expanding brush forms a large cutting vertical groove. The invention has the following advantages: 1. after the tunneling construction of the tunnel is finished, large-scale medium-length hole construction can be arranged, and the construction is safe; 2. the whole construction is carried out under a safe top wall plate in most time, and the safety coefficient is high; 3. the connecting time of the mining cutting and the stoping procedures is shortened, and the overall stoping period is further shortened; 4. when the cutting vertical slot is not completely formed, large-scale rock drilling roadway blasting operation can be carried out, and ore recovery operation is carried out in advance; 5. manpower is not needed when the raise is cut, and the manpower cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, after the cutting raise is formed, large-scale mining operation can be carried out while the cutting raise is continuously expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of segmented empty fields in mining work, in particular to a construction method for rapidly constructing a large-sized cutting vertical slot in multiple underground middle sections.
Background
When the mining operation is carried out by adopting the segmental open-field method, the common construction methods for cutting the vertical groove are a shallow hole method (namely a shallow hole shrinkage method), a horizontal deep hole groove drawing method and a vertical deep hole groove drawing method. The shallow hole method is used for forming the vertical groove by pressing and jacking layer by layer from bottom to top, but the method has low efficiency, poor working conditions and high labor intensity. The horizontal deep hole groove drawing method needs to build a platform in a cutting patio by a ladder to drill horizontal deep holes, then explosive blasting is carried out, the ladder and the platform are frequently replaced, and the number of the cutting patios is large. The vertical deep hole groove drawing method comprises the steps of tunneling a cutting cross drift at the end part of a vertical subsection rock drilling roadway, drilling a vertical medium-length hole in the cutting cross drift, and drawing a groove by taking a cutting well as a free surface, wherein the size of a cutting vertical groove formed by the method depends on the size of the cutting cross drift, and the method is not suitable for ore bodies with steep inclination or severe change of an ore boundary.
For example, the method disclosed as CN107178367A is a method for pressure relief stoping of steeply inclined medium thick ore body by a sublevel open stoping method, and comprises the steps of forming cutting vertical slots through fractional blasting, dividing the ore body into 3 subsections in the vertical direction of the ore body, dividing the ore body into a plurality of stopes in each subsection, dividing each stope into I-VI rows of fractional concentrated blasting subareas for fractional blasting, forming caving ore after blasting, cutting off the path of upper plate stress transmitted to a lower plate through the ore body, and forming step-shaped pressure relief slots in the vertical direction of the ore body, so as to realize pressure relief type stoping.
For another example, the publication number is CN108086979, a vertical deep hole columnar cartridge ore-breaking stage chamber method mining process belongs to the technical field of underground mining. The process comprises the steps of firstly, cutting a roof of a chamber by a comprehensive method, reserving irregular ore pillar supporting top pillars and drilling a roof protecting anchor rod; then drilling downward slot-drawing deep holes and stoping deep holes in the top cutting space by adopting a large-diameter down-the-hole drill or a roller drill until the bottom of the ore block is pulled horizontally, filling powder in the slot-drawing deep holes in a row in a segmented manner, and forming cutting slots by adopting a segmented blasting process; finally, the cutting groove is used as a free surface, the columnar explosive package ore falling is initiated layer by layer from bottom to top from the lower end of the stoping deep hole, and the falling ore is transported out from a loading tunnel at the bottom of the chamber, so that the problems that the exposed area of the horizontal rock drilling space at the upper part of the chamber method in the traditional vertical deep hole columnar explosive package ore falling stage is large, the exposure time is long, and the accident of collapse of a top column is easy to happen are solved; and simultaneously improves the mining efficiency by improving the forming efficiency of the cutting groove.
However, in all of the above solutions, the ore recovery operation is performed after the construction of the cutting vertical trough is completed. The period between mining cutting and stoping procedures is long, and a stope cannot rapidly form large-scale mining conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art, quickly form a large-sized cutting vertical groove in high quality, and ensure that relatively large-sized ore recovery can be carried out in the construction process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is a construction method for rapidly constructing large-scale cutting vertical slots in multiple underground middle sections, which comprises the following steps: determining a rock drilling roadway corresponding to upper and lower middle sections at the end part of a cutting roadway; constructing a vertical through hole along the direction of the rock drilling roadway; the vertical through hole is reserved for 0.3-0.5 m and is communicated with the upper layered bottom plate; step two, blasting vertical through holes layer by layer from bottom to top to form a cutting raise, and removing ores at the lowest section; constructing vertical blind holes in the cutting raise, and constructing each subsection at intervals at the same side and in the same direction; fourthly, with the cutting raise as a free surface, performing retreat blasting on the vertical blind hole along the rock drilling roadway to form a small cutting vertical groove with the length equal to the width of the cutting vertical groove, the width equal to the width of the rock drilling roadway and the height equal to the height of the middle section; constructing a fan-shaped medium-length hole in the small cutting vertical groove, wherein the parameters of the fan-shaped medium-length hole are set according to the rock firmness coefficient; taking the small cutting vertical groove formed in the fourth step as a free surface, performing retreat type blasting on the fan-shaped medium-length hole along the cutting roadway, and expanding and brushing the small cutting vertical groove to form a large cutting vertical groove; and seventhly, ore removal is carried out in the lowest section.
As a further improvement of the invention, the vertical blind holes are required to be in one-to-one correspondence from top to bottom and to be kept vertical.
As a further improvement of the invention, the vertical blind hole and the fan-shaped medium-length hole are respectively constructed in the upper middle section and the lower middle section at intervals in the same direction.
As a further improvement of the invention, the row spacing of the fan-shaped medium-length holes is 1.2-1.8 m, and the hole bottom spacing is 1.8-2.4 m.
As a further improvement of the invention, in the seventh step, when the length of the large cutting vertical slot formed by blasting is greater than the length of the corresponding fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway, the mining blasting operation of the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway can be performed.
The invention has the following beneficial effects: the construction method for rapidly constructing the large-scale cutting vertical groove by adopting the underground multi-middle-section has the following advantages: 1. after the tunneling construction of the tunnel is finished, large-scale medium-length hole construction can be arranged, and the construction is safe; 2. the whole construction is carried out under a safe top wall plate in most time, and the safety coefficient is high; 3. the connecting time of the mining cutting and the stoping procedures is shortened, and the overall stoping period is further shortened; 4. when the cutting vertical slot is not completely formed, large-scale rock drilling roadway blasting operation can be carried out, and ore recovery operation is carried out in advance; 5. manpower is not needed when the raise is cut, and the manpower cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, after the cutting raise is formed, large-scale mining operation can be carried out while the cutting raise is continuously expanded; 6. flexible construction, high efficiency and low cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the plane B-B of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a schematic construction flow chart of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Shown in the figure: 1 cutting tunnel, 2 rock drilling tunnels, 3 vertical through holes, 4 fan-shaped medium-length holes, 5 cutting patios, 6 small-size cutting vertical slots, 7 large-size cutting vertical slots, 8 vertical blind holes, 9 large-size cutting vertical slots with expanding brushes and 10 stoping blasting areas of the rock drilling tunnels.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in the figure, the construction method for rapidly constructing the large-scale cutting vertical slot in multiple underground middle sections comprises the following steps: firstly, determining a rock drilling roadway 2 corresponding to upper and lower middle sections at the end part of a cutting roadway 1; constructing a vertical through hole 3 along the direction of the rock drilling roadway 2; 0.3-0.5 m of the vertical through hole 3 is reserved to be communicated with the upper layered bottom plate; secondly, blasting the vertical through holes 3 layer by layer from bottom to top to form a cutting raise 5, and removing ores at the lowest section; constructing vertical blind holes 8 in the cutting raise 5, and constructing each subsection at intervals in the same direction and at the same distance; fourthly, the cutting raise 5 is used as a free surface, the vertical blind hole 8 is blasted in a retreating mode along the rock drilling roadway 2, and a small-sized cutting vertical groove 6 with the length equal to the width of the cutting vertical groove, the width equal to the width of the rock drilling roadway and the height equal to the height of the middle section is formed; constructing a fan-shaped medium-length hole in the small cutting vertical groove 6, wherein the parameters of the fan-shaped medium-length hole are set according to the rock firmness coefficient; taking the small-sized cutting vertical groove 6 formed in the fourth step as a free surface, performing backward blasting on the fan-shaped medium-length hole 4 along the cutting roadway 1, and expanding and brushing the small-sized cutting vertical groove to form a large-sized cutting vertical groove 7; constructing a fan-shaped medium-length hole vertical to the large-sized cutting vertical groove in the large-sized cutting vertical groove 7, and blasting and extracting the fan-shaped medium-length hole; and step eight, ore removal is carried out in the lowest section.
To further illustrate the present invention, the following examples are particularly chosen.
In the embodiment 1, a conventional vertical deep hole groove drawing method for cutting a vertical groove is combined with fan-shaped medium-length hole ore falling, a rock drilling roadway corresponding to upper and lower middle sections of a certain end part of a cutting roadway is selected to construct vertical through holes penetrating through each section, groove drawing blasting is performed layer by layer from bottom to top to form a cutting raise 5, the cutting raise is used as a free surface, and vertical blind holes with the same width as the cutting vertical groove are constructed in the rock drilling roadway. Meanwhile, a fan-shaped medium-length hole is designed in the cutting roadway according to the boundary of an ore body, a space formed after blasting of a cutting raise and a vertical blind hole in the rock drilling roadway is used as a free surface, the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the cutting cross roadway is blasted in a retreating mode to form a large-sized cutting vertical groove 7, blasting and stoping operation of the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway can be carried out after the cutting vertical groove is blasted for a certain width, and a stoping blasting area of the rock drilling roadway is located at a reference numeral 10 in fig. 4. And when the extraction operation is carried out, the brush expanding work can be simultaneously carried out, and the large cutting vertical groove of the brush expanding work is positioned at the reference numeral 9 in the figure 4. The whole construction method can simultaneously carry out mining cutting and stoping work.
1. And finding the rock drilling roadway corresponding to the upper and lower middle sections at the end part of the constructed cutting roadway of the ore body. Along the direction of a rock drilling roadway, vertical through holes are constructed, the hole depth is reserved to be 0.3m and communicated with an upper layered bottom plate (the vertical through holes forming the cutting raise are communicated with the upper layered bottom plate, and the work of protecting the hole bottom is well done), the row spacing of the holes is controlled to be 0.8m, the hole spacing is controlled to be 0.5m, and the row number of the vertical through holes meets the requirement of the width of a cutting vertical groove.
2. The fan-shaped medium-length hole is constructed in a cutting roadway, parameters of the medium-length hole are related to rock firmness coefficients of ore bodies, the distance between rows is generally 1.2m, the distance between hole bottoms is 1.8m, each section can be constructed towards a certain side at intervals, and construction progress is guaranteed.
3. Blasting layer by layer from bottom to top, performing blasting construction of vertical through holes for forming the cutting raise, and performing ore removal in the lowest section. During construction, the hole is prevented from being blocked and timely checked.
4. After the cutting raise is formed, the cutting raise is used as a free surface, the vertical blind hole is blasted in a retreating mode along the rock drilling roadway, and a small-sized cutting vertical groove with the width equal to the width of the rock drilling roadway, the length equal to the width of the cutting vertical groove and the height equal to the height of the middle section is formed.
5. And taking the formed small cutting vertical slot as a free surface, performing fan-shaped medium-length hole blasting in a retreating mode along a cutting roadway, and performing ore removal in the lowest section.
6. When the length of the large cutting vertical groove formed by blasting is larger than that of the corresponding fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway, the stoping blasting operation of the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway can be carried out; along with the continuous expansion of large-scale cutting vertical slots, the number of rock drilling roadways capable of stoping is gradually increased, and stoping operation can be carried out while mining and cutting are carried out.
In the construction of the steeply inclined ore body, the phenomenon of narrow lower part and wide upper part exists, a vertical through hole for cutting the raise is formed in the lower section, the vertical is not required strictly, and the angle is controlled to be more than 65 degrees. However, the vertical blind holes for forming the small cutting vertical slots need to be strictly corresponding to each other up and down and be kept vertical.
By adopting the process, the construction steps of manual construction of the traditional slave raise, independent expansion brush removal and cutting of the vertical groove and final mining are changed, which is equivalent to the mining in the process of expansion brush large-scale cutting of the vertical groove, so that the construction period is greatly shortened and the efficiency is improved.
The construction method for rapidly constructing the large-scale cutting vertical groove by adopting the underground multi-middle-section has the following advantages: 1. after the tunneling construction of the tunnel is finished, large-scale medium-length hole construction can be arranged, and the construction is safe; 2. the whole construction is carried out under a safe top wall plate in most time, and the safety coefficient is high; 3. the connecting time of the mining cutting and the stoping procedures is shortened, and the overall stoping period is further shortened; 4. when the cutting vertical slot is not completely formed, large-scale rock drilling roadway blasting operation can be carried out, and ore recovery operation is carried out in advance; 5. manpower is not needed when the raise is cut, and the manpower cost is greatly reduced; meanwhile, after the cutting raise is formed, large-scale mining operation can be carried out while the cutting raise is continuously expanded; 6. flexible construction, high efficiency and low cost.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the protection scheme of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various permutations, combinations and modifications can be made on the above-mentioned embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the modifications are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A construction method for rapidly constructing large-scale cutting vertical slots in multiple underground middle sections is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, determining a rock drilling roadway (2) corresponding to upper and lower middle sections at the end part of the cutting roadway (1); constructing a vertical through hole (3) along the direction of the rock drilling roadway (2); 0.3-0.5 m of the vertical through hole (3) is reserved and communicated with the upper layered bottom plate;
secondly, blasting the vertical through holes (3) layer by layer from bottom to top to form a cutting raise (5), and removing ores at the lowest section;
constructing a vertical blind hole (8) in the cutting raise (5), and constructing each subsection at the same side and the same direction at intervals;
fourthly, the cutting raise (5) is taken as a free surface, the vertical blind hole (8) is blasted in a retreating mode along the rock drilling roadway (2), and a small-sized cutting vertical groove (6) with the length equal to the width of the cutting vertical groove, the width equal to the width of the rock drilling roadway and the height equal to the height of the middle section is formed;
fifthly, constructing a fan-shaped medium-length hole in the small cutting vertical groove (6), wherein the parameters of the fan-shaped medium-length hole are set according to the rock firmness coefficient;
taking the small-sized cutting vertical groove (6) formed in the fourth step as a free surface, performing retreating type blasting on the fan-shaped medium-length hole (4) along the cutting roadway (1), and expanding and brushing the small-sized cutting vertical groove to form a large-sized cutting vertical groove (7);
constructing a fan-shaped medium-length hole vertical to the large-sized cutting vertical groove in the large-sized cutting vertical groove (7), and blasting and stoping the fan-shaped medium-length hole;
and step eight, ore removal is carried out in the lowest section.
2. The construction method for rapidly constructing the large-sized vertical cutting groove by multiple underground middle sections according to claim 1, wherein the vertical blind holes (8) are required to be in one-to-one correspondence from top to bottom and are kept vertical.
3. The construction method for rapidly constructing the large-sized vertical cutting groove by using the underground multi-middle section as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical blind hole in the third step and the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the fifth step are respectively constructed on the upper middle section and the lower middle section at the same direction and at intervals.
4. The construction method for rapidly constructing the large-sized vertical cutting groove in a multi-middle section underground according to claim 3, wherein the row spacing of the fan-shaped medium-length hole (4) in the fifth step is 1.2-1.8 m, and the hole bottom spacing is 1.8-2.4 m.
5. The construction method for rapidly constructing the large-sized cutting vertical slot in the multi-middle section underground according to the claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the seventh step, when the length of the large-sized cutting vertical slot formed by blasting is larger than the length of the corresponding fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway, the mining blasting operation of the fan-shaped medium-length hole in the rock drilling roadway can be performed.
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| CN102587916B (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2015-11-25 | 金建工程设计有限公司 | A kind of ore caving afterwards filling mining methods |
| CN104481539B (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-29 | 西安建筑科技大学 | From kerve tight-face blasting caved stopes |
| CN105649630A (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-06-08 | 沈阳金丰石化物资贸易有限公司 | Mining technology for gold ore |
| CN108561136B (en) * | 2018-04-18 | 2019-07-30 | 西安建筑科技大学 | From kerve Block caving system |
| CN108798672B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2019-11-05 | 安徽大昌矿业集团有限公司 | A kind of mining methods for the area's ore high-efficiency mining that collapses greatly |
| CN109252862A (en) * | 2018-10-12 | 2019-01-22 | 安徽铜冠（庐江）矿业有限公司 | Ultra-large stope large diameter, deep borehole high-stage open stope afterwards filling mining method |
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