CN110028483A - A kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate - Google Patents
A kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110028483A CN110028483A CN201910361711.4A CN201910361711A CN110028483A CN 110028483 A CN110028483 A CN 110028483A CN 201910361711 A CN201910361711 A CN 201910361711A CN 110028483 A CN110028483 A CN 110028483A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/34—Oxygen atoms
- C07D317/36—Alkylene carbonates; Substituted alkylene carbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D317/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D317/08—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3
- C07D317/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings
- C07D317/32—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms having the hetero atoms in positions 1 and 3 not condensed with other rings with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D317/34—Oxygen atoms
- C07D317/36—Alkylene carbonates; Substituted alkylene carbonates
- C07D317/38—Ethylene carbonate
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
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- Y02P20/584—Recycling of catalysts
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Abstract
The invention belongs to cyclic carbonate preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate.The present invention is sprayed gas-liquid contact technique by outer circulation, contain the aluminum complex of quaternary ammonium salt as bifunctional catalyst using intramolecular, under the reaction pressure of 0.3~3.0MPa and 60~150 DEG C of reaction temperature, carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane are that raw material progress coupling reaction efficiently prepares cyclic carbonate.The present invention solves after olefin oxide rate reaches a certain level in the prior art, and the defect sharply declined is presented in reaction rate.Benefit of the invention is the efficiency for improving carbon dioxide and preparing cyclic carbonate with epoxyalkane coupling, has good industrial application value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to cyclic carbonate preparation technical fields, are related to a kind of outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique preparation
The method of cyclic carbonate is a kind of method for preparing cyclic carbonate by epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide coupling reaction.
Background technique
Carbon dioxide (CO2) it is used as tellurian important carbon source, carbohydrate can be converted by photosynthesis,
Oxygen is released simultaneously, this is to maintain one of most important reaction of ecological circulation.And now mankind's daily life and industrial production
Middle CO2Excessive emissions destroy " balance between revenue and expenditure " of nature so that CO2As the predominant gas for leading to greenhouse effects.Cause
This, CO2Emission reduction and chemically or physically fixation have become one of strategic research project of greatest concern in world wide.?
Under catalyst action, carbon dioxide can occur coupling reaction with epoxyalkane and prepare cyclic carbonate.These cyclic carbonates
Higher boiling, highly polar organic solvent as function admirable, in organic synthesis, cosmetics industry, gas separation, battery electrolyte
And the fields such as metal extraction extensive application.
Have both at home and abroad much about the patent report for preparing cyclic carbonate by carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane coupling at present
Road.Such as in US 4314945, McMullen synthesizes ring with carbon dioxide reaction using tetraalkyl quaternary ammonium salt catalysis epoxyalkane
Shape carbonic ester；In US 4786741 and US 4841072, Sachs and Harvey use respectively quaternary phosphine salt catalyst 2.5~
Under the pressure of 20MPa, the cycloaddition reaction of carbon dioxide and ethylene oxide is realized, is prepared for corresponding cyclic carbonate；?
In US 4931571, Weinstein, as catalyst, is catalyzed carbon dioxide and ring using season arsine halide salt at 90~200 DEG C
Oxidative ethane reacts synthesizing ethylene carbonate.And domestic some experts also achieve certain breakthrough in the field, such as in CN
In 1343668, Deng Youquan forms binary catalyst system using ionic liquid and alkali halide or tetrabutylammonium bromide,
100~140 DEG C are that epoxide is successfully changed into corresponding ring under 1.5~4.5MPa with carbon dioxide initial pressure
Shape carbonic ester；In CN 101003531, He Liangnian using the polyethylene glycol of quaternary ammonium salt or quaternary alkylphosphonium salt functionalization as catalyst,
The coupling reaction for realizing carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane has synthesized corresponding cyclic carbonate.The advantage of the catalyst is to hold
It easily recycles and recycles, be suitable for continuous production；In CN 101972674, Liu Binyuan has synthesized a kind of simple molecule
The interior tetradentate schiff base aluminum complex containing quaternary ammonium salt, the catalyst is for being catalyzed carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane coupling reaction
When, catalytic efficiency reaches as high as 3750mol cyclic carbonate/mol catalyst.In recent years, we also use tetradentate schiff base aluminium
Complex is as catalyst, under the synergistic effect of quaternary ammonium salt Huo quaternary alkylphosphonium salt, realizes the coupling of carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane
Reaction, has synthesized corresponding cyclic carbonate (CN 1416953, CN 1415416 and CN 1544431).
In the method for preparing cyclic carbonate of above-mentioned report, it is all made of the reaction work of traditional autoclave or shell and tube
Skill.In these processes, after the conversion ratio of epoxyalkane reaches a certain level, decline sharply is presented in reaction rate, is caused
Take a long time the conversion almost for realizing epoxyalkane.The thus reaction process low efficiency of autoclave or tubular type, energy
Consumption is high.
Summary of the invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind and reinforces gas-liquid mass transfer by the aerosol reaction process of outer circulation, efficiently
The method for realizing carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane coupling reaction synthesizing annular carbonate.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate, using outer circulation spray reaction
Device, using bifunctional catalyst as catalyst, under the reaction pressure of 0.3~3.0MPa and 60~150 DEG C of reaction temperature, dioxy
Change carbon and epoxyalkane is that raw material progress coupling reaction prepares cyclic carbonate.
Reaction process are as follows: the cyclic carbonate containing catalyst is added in outer circulation spray reactor, passes through heat exchanger
Starting material is heated to reaction temperature, being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is reaction pressure；It is spraying to outer circulation again
It is passed through epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide in reactor, and keeps reaction pressure；After charging, it is complete to epoxyalkane that the reaction was continued
Reaction mass in outer circulation spray reactor, is then transferred in flash tank by portion's consumption, and after carbon dioxide is discharged, decompression is steamed
It evaporates, obtains cyclic carbonate, the residual solution containing catalyst is recycled as lower batch reaction starting material.
Mass ratio 50:1~10000:1 of the epoxyalkane and catalyst.
The molar ratio of the epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide is 1:1.
The catalyst is tetradentate schiff base aluminum complex, and contains one or more quaternary ammonium salt Huo quaternary alkylphosphonium salts in molecule
Group, structure are as follows:
In formula:
Indicate link position；
R2=H, CH3、CH2CH3Or Ph；
R3=C1~C6Alkyl or phenyl；
X=F–、Cl–、Br–、I–、NO3 –、CH3COO–、CCl3COO–、CF3COO–、ClO4 –、BF4 –、BPh4 –、N3 –, to methylbenzene
Formate, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid root, o-nitrophenol oxygen, p- nitrophenol oxygen, m- nitrophenol oxygen, 2,4- dinitrobenzene
Phenol oxygen, 3,5- dinitrophenol oxygen, 2,4,6- trinitrophenol oxygen, 3,5- chlorophenesic acid oxygen, 3,5- difluorophenol oxygen, 3,5-
Di-trifluoromethyl phenol oxygen or pentafluranol negative oxygen ion；
N=1~5.
The epoxyalkane is ethylene oxide or propylene oxide.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The present invention prepares cyclic carbonate using outer circulation atomizing reaction process, can effectively strengthen gas-liquid, promotes reaction
Efficiency, conversion ratio are high, solve after olefin oxide rate reaches a certain level in the prior art, reaction rate presentation sharply declines
Defect, have good industrial application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the process flow chart of outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact catalytic preparation of cyclic carbonic ester.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing and technical solution, a specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
The process flow of outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact catalytic preparation of cyclic carbonic ester of the invention is as shown in Figure 1, main
The reactor wanted is outer circulation spray reactor.
Embodiment 1:
Containing 0.08g bifunctional catalyst, (X is negative for bromine for addition in the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L
Ion；R1=C2H4；R2=H；R3=normal-butyl；N=3 2.0Kg ethylene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and passes through heat exchanger
Starting material is heated to 150 DEG C, being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 3.0MPa.4.0Kg is continuously added in 5 hours
Ethylene oxide and 4.0Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need the inlet amount for keeping epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide during charging
Unanimously, and system pressure maintains 3.0MPa.After to be fed, the reaction was continued 5 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred to flash tank
In, after carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8.0Kg ethylene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the remnants containing catalyst
Liquid is recycled as starting material.
Embodiment 2:
In the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L be added containing 8g bifunctional catalyst (X be chlorine bear from
Son；R1=C2H4；R2=H；R3=normal-butyl；N=3 2.0Kg ethylene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and will by heat exchanger
Starting material is heated to 120 DEG C, and being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 0.6MPa.4.0Kg ring is continuously added in 5 hours
Oxidative ethane and 4.0Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need the inlet amount one for keeping epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide during charging
It causes, and system pressure maintains 0.6MPa.After to be fed, the reaction was continued 10 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred to flash tank
In, after carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8.0Kg ethylene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the remnants containing catalyst
Liquid is recycled as starting material.
Embodiment 3:
In the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L be added containing 10g bifunctional catalyst (X be chlorine bear from
Son；R1=C6H4；R2=CH3；R3=ethyl；N=2 2.0Kg propene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and will by heat exchanger
Starting material is heated to 120 DEG C, and being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 0.6MPa.4.55Kg is continuously added in 5 hours
Propylene oxide and 3.45Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need the inlet amount for keeping epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide during charging
Unanimously, and system pressure maintains 0.6MPa.After to be fed, the reaction was continued 20 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred to flash distillation
In tank, after carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8Kg propene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the remnants containing catalyst
Liquid is recycled as starting material.
Embodiment 4:
In the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L be added containing 50g bifunctional catalyst (X be chlorine bear from
Son；R1=C6H4；R2=CH3；R3=ethyl；N=2 2.0Kg propene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and will by heat exchanger
Starting material is heated to 60 DEG C, and being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 0.3MPa.4.55Kg ring is continuously added in 8 hours
Ethylene Oxide and 3.45Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need the inlet amount one for keeping epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide during charging
It causes, and system pressure maintains 0.3MPa.After to be fed, the reaction was continued 50 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred to flash tank
In, after carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8Kg propene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the residual solution containing catalyst
It is recycled as starting material.
Embodiment 5:
In the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L be added containing 30g bifunctional catalyst (X be chlorine bear from
Son；R1=C2H4；R2=H；R3=ethyl；N=4 2.0Kg ethylene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and will be risen by heat exchanger
Beginning material is heated to 60 DEG C, and being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 0.3MPa.4.0Kg epoxy is continuously added in 6 hours
Ethane and 4.0Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need to keep epoxyalkane consistent with the inlet amount of carbon dioxide during charging,
And system pressure maintains 0.3MPa.After to be fed, continue the reaction for 40 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred in flash tank,
After carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8.0Kg ethylene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the residual solution containing catalyst
It is recycled as starting material.
Embodiment 6:
In the outer circulation spray reactor that effective volume is 10L be added containing 80g bifunctional catalyst (X be bromine bear from
Son；R1=C2H4；R2=H；R3=ethyl；N=4 2.0Kg ethylene carbonate).Reaction unit is started, and will be risen by heat exchanger
Beginning material is heated to 60 DEG C, and being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is 0.3MPa.4.0Kg epoxy is continuously added in 2 hours
Ethane and 4.0Kg carbon dioxide (equimolar amounts) need to keep epoxyalkane consistent with the inlet amount of carbon dioxide during charging,
And system pressure maintains 0.3MPa.After to be fed, continue the reaction for 40 minutes.Reaction mass is transferred in flash tank,
After carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains about 8.0Kg ethylene carbonate (selectivity > 99.5%), the residual solution containing catalyst
It is recycled as starting material.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate, which is characterized in that use outer circulation
Spray reactor, using bifunctional catalyst as catalyst, in the reaction pressure of 0.3~3.0MPa and 60~150 DEG C of reaction temperature
Under degree, carbon dioxide and epoxyalkane are that raw material progress coupling reaction prepares cyclic carbonate；Specific reaction process is as follows:
The cyclic carbonate containing catalyst is added in outer circulation spray reactor, is heated to starting material by heat exchanger
Reaction temperature, being passed through carbon dioxide to reaction system pressure is reaction pressure；Epoxy is passed through into outer circulation spray reactor again
Alkane and carbon dioxide, and keep reaction pressure；After charging, the reaction was continued all consumes to epoxyalkane, then will be outer
Reaction mass in circulation spray reactor is transferred in flash tank, and after carbon dioxide is discharged, vacuum distillation obtains cyclic carbonate
Ester, the residual solution containing catalyst are recycled as lower batch reaction starting material；
Mass ratio 50:1~50000:1 of the epoxyalkane and catalyst；
The molar ratio of the epoxyalkane and carbon dioxide is 1:1.
2. a kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the catalyst is tetradentate schiff base aluminum complex, and contains one or more quaternary ammonium salt Huo quaternary phosphines in molecule
Salt groups, structure are as follows:
In formula:
: indicate link position；
R2=H, CH3、CH2CH3Or Ph；
R3=C1~C6Alkyl or phenyl；
X=F–、Cl–、Br–、I–、NO3 –、CH3COO–、CCl3COO–、CF3COO–、ClO4 –、BF4 –、BPh4 –、N3 –, p-methylbenzoic acid
Root, p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid root, o-nitrophenol oxygen, p- nitrophenol oxygen, m- nitrophenol oxygen, 2,4- dinitrophenol oxygen,
3,5- dinitrophenol oxygen, 2,4,6- trinitrophenol oxygen, 3,5- chlorophenesic acid oxygen, 3,5- difluorophenol oxygen, bis--trifluoro of 3,5-
Methylphenol oxygen or pentafluranol negative oxygen ion；
N=1~5.
3. a kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate according to claim 1 or 2,
It is characterized in that, the epoxyalkane is propylene oxide or ethylene oxide.
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| CN201910361711.4A CN110028483A (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2019-04-30 | A kind of method that outer circulation atomizing gas-liquid contact technique prepares cyclic carbonate |
| PCT/CN2020/077112 WO2020220813A1 (en) | 2019-04-30 | 2020-02-28 | Method for preparing cyclic carbonate ester using circulation loop gas-liquid contact process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110684005A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-14 | 大连理工大学 | Cyclic injection type continuous reaction process for preparing cyclic carbonate |
| CN111072623A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 江苏奥克化学有限公司 | Method for preparing ethylene carbonate by cyclic injection mixing method |
| CN111440303A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-24 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing polycarbonate by circulating loop type gas-liquid contact process |
| WO2020220813A1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing cyclic carbonate ester using circulation loop gas-liquid contact process |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2020220813A1 (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2020-11-05 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing cyclic carbonate ester using circulation loop gas-liquid contact process |
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| CN111440303A (en) * | 2020-04-02 | 2020-07-24 | 大连理工大学 | Method for preparing polycarbonate by circulating loop type gas-liquid contact process |
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