CN110020713A - A kind of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method and relevant apparatus of photovoltaic - Google Patents
A kind of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method and relevant apparatus of photovoltaic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic, comprising: obtains the maximum value of the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；Whether it is more than preset times that the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is the number of maximum value；If being more than preset times, identical dimensional is then named as target dimension, the corresponding update particle position that the number of continuous maximum value under target dimension is more than preset times is replaced with into the corresponding update particle position of the sub-value under same the number of iterations, new update particle position is obtained, and records replacement number；It is iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping.As it can be seen that improving convergence rate The method reduces unnecessary iteration.The application additionally provides electronic equipment and readable storage medium storing program for executing simultaneously, has above-mentioned beneficial effect.
Description
Technical field
This application involves photovoltaic technology field, in particular to multi-peak maximum power tracing method, the electronics of a kind of photovoltaic
Equipment and computer readable storage medium.
Background technique
Particle swarm algorithm is a kind of evolutionary computation technique, and by constantly iteration and calculating, gradually approximate spatial is optimal
Value.In population MPPT algorithm, using photovoltaic output voltage as particle, the maximizing in entire multimodal power curve.It is existing
Practical photovoltaic multimodal maximum power point can be tracked by having conventional particle group MPPT algorithm in most cases, but restrain speed
Degree is longer, and concussion is larger, causes the tracking time longer, power loss is larger.
Therefore, how to provide a kind of scheme of solution above-mentioned technical problem is that those skilled in the art need to solve at present
Problem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the application is to provide multi-peak maximum power tracing method, device, electronic equipment and the meter of a kind of photovoltaic
Calculation machine readable storage medium storing program for executing can reduce the number of iterations, improve convergence rate.Its concrete scheme is as follows:
This application discloses a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing methods of photovoltaic, comprising:
Obtain the maximum value of the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；
Whether it is more than default that the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is the number of maximum value
Number；
If being more than the preset times, the identical dimensional is named as target dimension, it will be under the target dimension
The number of continuous maximum value is more than that the corresponding update particle position of the preset times replaces under same the number of iterations
The corresponding update particle position of sub-value, obtains new update particle position, and record replacement number；
Be iterated calculatings according to particle rapidity and the new update particle position is updated, obtain local maxima power with
Global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
Optionally, before the maximum absolute value value for obtaining the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations, further includes:
Judge whether the replacement number reaches preset threshold；
If reaching the preset threshold, execute described according to the update particle rapidity and the new more new particle position
Set the step of being iterated calculating；If the not up to described preset threshold, the update obtained under same the number of iterations is executed
The step of maximum value of particle rapidity；
Wherein, the preset threshold is N-1, and N is number of photovoltaic modules.
Optionally, the acquisition local maxima power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping, comprising:
Obtain the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judge whether the precision of the numerical value of the global maximum power reaches default precision；
If reaching the default precision, iteration stopping.
Optionally, the acquisition local maxima power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping, comprising:
Obtain the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judge whether the number of iterations reaches iteration threshold；
If reaching the iteration threshold, iteration stopping.
Optionally, described iterate to calculate includes:
Particle rapidity and particle are updated according to current global optimum, current local optimum, Studying factors, inertia weight
Position obtains the update particle rapidity and the update particle position；
Particle fitness value is obtained according to the update particle position；
According to each particle fitness value and the corresponding particle fitness value of each current local optimum, more
The local optimum and global optimum of new each particle.
Optionally, the Studying factors are determined according to c1=1.5+0.01 × Nc, c2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；
Wherein, c1, c2 are the Studying factors, and Nc is the number of iterations.
Optionally, when the replacement number is zero, the inertia weight is according to wnc=1.5+0.01 × Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations.
Optionally, when the replacement number is not zero, the inertia weight is according to wnc=(- 0.175 × t2+0.425×
T+1.225)+0.01 × Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations, and t is the replacement number.
This application discloses a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing devices of photovoltaic, comprising:
Obtain module, the maximum value of the absolute value for obtaining the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；
First judgment module, for judging that the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is maximum value
Whether number is more than preset times；
Replacement module will be described if the identical dimensional is named as target dimension for being more than the preset times
The number of continuous maximum value under target dimension replaces with same more than the corresponding update particle position of the preset times
The corresponding update particle position of sub-value under the number of iterations, obtains new update particle position, and record replacement number；
Iteration module is obtained for being iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and the new update particle position
Local maxima power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
Optionally, further includes:
Second judgment module, for judging whether the replacement number reaches preset threshold；
Iteration module, if being executed described according to the update particle rapidity and described for reaching the preset threshold
The step of new update particle position is iterated calculating；If the not up to described preset threshold, it is same repeatedly to execute the acquisition
The step of maximum value of update particle rapidity under generation number；
Wherein, the preset threshold is N-1, and N is number of photovoltaic modules.
Optionally, the iteration module includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judging unit, for judging whether the precision of numerical value of the global maximum power reaches default precision；
Execution unit, if for reaching the default precision, iteration stopping.
Optionally, the iteration module includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judging unit, for judging whether the number of iterations reaches iteration threshold；
Execution unit, if for reaching the iteration threshold, iteration stopping.
Optionally, the iteration module includes:
First updating unit, for according to current global optimum, current local optimum, Studying factors, inertia weight
Particle rapidity and particle position are updated, the update particle rapidity and the update particle position are obtained；
Determination unit, for obtaining each particle fitness value according to the update particle position；
Second updating unit, for suitable according to the corresponding particle fitness value of each particle local optimum and each particle
Angle value is answered, the local optimum and global optimum of each particle are updated.
Optionally, first updating unit includes:
It determines subelement, is determined for the Studying factors according to c1=1.5+0.01 × Nc, c2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；
Wherein, c1, c2 are the Studying factors, and Nc is the number of iterations.
Optionally, first updating unit includes:
Inertia weight determines subelement, for when the replacement number is zero, the inertia weight to be according to wnc=1.5+
0.01 × Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations.
Optionally, first updating unit includes:
Inertia weight determines subelement, for when the replacement number is not zero, the inertia weight to be according to wnc=(-
0.175×t2+ 0.425 × t+1.225)+0.01 × Nc determination；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations, and t is the replacement number.
This application discloses a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor realizes the multi-peak maximum power tracing method such as above-mentioned photovoltaic when for executing the computer program
The step of.
This application discloses a kind of computer readable storage medium, calculating is stored on the computer readable storage medium
Machine program realizes the step of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method such as above-mentioned photovoltaic when the computer program is executed by processor
Suddenly.
The application provides a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic, comprising: obtains under same the number of iterations
Update the maximum value of the absolute value of particle rapidity；Judge that the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is maximum
Whether the number of value is more than preset times；If being more than preset times, identical dimensional is named as target dimension, by target dimension
Under continuous maximum value number be more than preset times corresponding update particle position replace under same the number of iterations
The corresponding update particle position of sub-value, obtains new update particle position, and record replacement number；According to update particle rapidity and
New update particle position is iterated calculating, obtains local maxima power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
As it can be seen that the application is more than default there are the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional when the number for being maximum value
When number, and identical dimensional is named as target dimension, is more than default time by the number of the continuous maximum value under target dimension
Several corresponding update particle positions replaces with the corresponding update particle position of the sub-value under same the number of iterations, obtain it is new more
New particle position；It is iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, is realized according to renewal speed
Value readjusts particle position, realizes the adaptive adjustment being laid out to particle, reduces unnecessary iteration, improves and receives
Hold back speed.The application additionally provides a kind of electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium simultaneously, has above-mentioned beneficial effect,
This is repeated no more.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
The embodiment of application for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can also basis
The attached drawing of offer obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of iterative calculation provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of another kind photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application；
Fig. 4 is the process of the method for the multi-peak maximum power tracing of another kind photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application
Figure；
Fig. 5 is the process of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic another provided by the embodiment of the present application
Figure；
Fig. 6 is that three kinds for providing photovoltaic module in photovoltaic group string provided by the embodiments of the present application block situation；
Fig. 7 is three kinds provided by the embodiments of the present application and blocks photovoltaic group string output characteristic curve under situation；
Fig. 8-10 is three kinds provided by the embodiments of the present application and blocks particle swarm algorithm improvement front and back comparative result figure under situation；
Figure 11 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of the multi-peak maximum power tracing device of photovoltaic provided by the embodiments of the present application.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the embodiment of the present application clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present application
In attached drawing, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Some embodiments of the present application, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Existing conventional particle group MPPT algorithm can track practical photovoltaic multimodal maximum power point in most cases,
But convergence rate is longer, concussion is larger, causes the tracking time longer, power loss is larger.Based on above-mentioned technical problem, this reality
It applies example and a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic is provided, when there are the update particle rapidities under continuous identical dimensional
When being that the number of maximum value is more than preset times, and identical dimensional is named as target dimension, it will be continuous under target dimension
The number of maximum value is corresponding more than the sub-value that the corresponding update particle position of preset times replaces under same the number of iterations
Particle position is updated, new update particle position is obtained；It is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position
It calculates, realizes and particle position is readjusted according to renewal speed value, realize the adaptive adjustment being laid out to particle, subtract
Lack unnecessary iteration, improves convergence rate, it is specific referring to FIG. 1, Fig. 1 is a kind of photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application
Multi-peak maximum power tracing method flow chart, specifically include:
S101, obtain update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations absolute value maximum value.
Updating particle rapidity is the particle rapidity iterated to calculate out every time, iterates to calculate obtained update particle rapidity every time
The set of composition, wherein every a line representative in set iterates to calculate obtained update particle rapidity every time, each column are shown to be
Every dimension.The maximum value for obtaining the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under the number of iterations each time, as obtains in every a line
Maximum value.It is understood that the speed of more new particle will appear positive number due to being that update particle rapidity is obtained by calculation
And negative, therefore, the present embodiment is using the absolute value of update particle rapidity as reference.
S102, the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional be maximum value number whether be more than
Preset times.
The purpose of this step is judged under identical dimensional, i.e., in the case where same column, update particle rapidity in set
It is continuously more than that preset times appear in same dimension that the maximum value of absolute value, which has,.
If being more than S103, preset times, identical dimensional is named as target dimension, by under target dimension it is continuous most
The number being worth greatly is more than that replace with the sub-value under same the number of iterations corresponding more for the corresponding update particle positions of preset times
New particle position obtains new update particle position, and records replacement number.
Wherein, each maximum value is the continuous corresponding maximum value more than preset times under target dimension.When being more than
Preset times then, by identical dimensional are denoted as target dimension, and are that update particle rapidity under degree replaces with same iteration by target
Sub-value under number.
For example, when the collection for updating particle rapidity composition is combined intoCorresponding update
The collection of particle position is combined intoIf preset times are 3, it is known that, more than 3 times, carry out more
The replacement of new particle speed, obtainsWhen the collection for updating particle rapidity composition is combined intoThe corresponding collection for updating particle position is combined intoIf preset times
It is 2, it is known that, more than 2 times, it is updated particle rapidity replacement, is obtainedIt is worth noting that,
Example provided in this embodiment is simply to illustrate that the case where replacing.
S104, calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power
And global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
It is iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power and the overall situation
Maximum power, until iteration stopping.The present embodiment is not defined the condition of iteration stopping, can be and works as global maximum power
The precision of value reaches preset value, is also possible to stop iteration when the number of iterations reaches preset times, and export global maximum power.
Further, calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, specifically included: judgement
The number of continuous maximum value under target dimension is more than whether the corresponding update particle rapidity of preset times is greater than open circuit electricity
Pressure；It is then more than the corresponding update of preset times by the number of the continuous maximum value under target dimension if more than open-circuit voltage
Particle rapidity replaces with pre-set velocity, obtains new update particle rapidity；According to new update particle rapidity and new update grain
Sub- position is iterated calculating.
Specifically, the present embodiment is not defined pre-set velocity, it can be 0.1,0.5,1,2,3 etc., as long as can
Meet the purpose of the present embodiment.This step the purpose is to reduce the number of iterations, be greater than open-circuit voltage when updating particle rapidity
When, it is to be understood that next iteration can be far from local optimum, therefore, energy after the replacement of this step realization more new particle
Iteration is enough reduced, simplifies algorithm, specifically please refers to the relevant technologies, the present embodiment is no longer repeated.
Further, specific referring to FIG. 2, Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of iterative calculation provided by the embodiment of the present application,
Include:
S201, particle rapidity is updated according to current global optimum, current local optimum, Studying factors, inertia weight
And particle position, it obtains updating particle rapidity and new update particle position.
Specific update can use following formula:
Vnc+1=wnc×Vnc+c1×r1×(PPbestnc-Vmnc)+c2×r2×(GPbestnc-Vmnc)；
Vmnc+1=Vmnc+Vnc+1；
Wherein, Vnc+1It is the particle voltage of the next iteration speed mobile to optimal solution, to update particle rapidity；
wncIt is the inertia weight factor of current iteration；
VncIt is current particle speed, i.e. the particle voltage of the current iteration speed mobile to optimal solution；
C1 and c2 is Studying factors；
R1 and r2 is the random number in 0 to 1；
PPbestncIt is the i.e. current local optimum of current iteration local optimum；
VmncIt is current particle voltage location；
GPbestncIt is the i.e. current global optimum of current iteration global optimum；
Vmnc+1It is the particle voltage location of next iteration, to update particle position；
It is worth noting that, wncIt is the inertia weight factor of current iteration, the present embodiment is no longer defined it, can be with
It is fixed value, is also possible to using linear adaption regulative mode, certainly, can be also carried out according to the Particle evaluations value of acquisition automatic
Adjustment, wherein Particle evaluations value refer to judge the particle rapidity of the update under continuous identical dimensional be maximum value number whether
More than preset times.
C1 and c2 is Studying factors, and the present embodiment is no longer defined it, can be fixed value, is also possible to using line
Property automatic adjusument mode.
Further, Studying factors are determined according to c1=1.5+0.01 × Nc, c2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；Wherein, c1, c2
For Studying factors, Nc is the number of iterations.
Based on above-mentioned technological means, linear adaption mode is used to Studying factors c1 and c2, c1 is with the number of iterations
Increase, be gradually increased, accelerates local search speed；With the increase of the number of iterations, optimal value is become closer to, c2 is gradually at this time
Reduce, slows down global search speed, be conducive to search out optimal value, iterative power can also be reduced using linear adaption mode
Span is excessive.
Further, inertia weight value, it is biggish with preferable global convergence ability, it is lesser that there is stronger search
Ability.Particle swarm algorithm with the inertia weight that successively decreases has preferable ability of searching optimum, later period convergence speed in preliminary stage
Property it is also preferable, have the algorithm preconvergence speed of incremental inertia weight fast although convergence rate is slow, but after
The local search ability of phase is poor.
Therefore, when replacing number is zero, inertia weight is according to wnc=1.5+0.01 × Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations.
When replacement number is not zero, inertia weight is according to wnc=(- 0.175 × t2+0.425×t+1.225)+0.01×
Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations, and t is replacement number.
It is well known that the output voltage of single photovoltaic module is smaller, need multiple photovoltaic modulies being connected into photovoltaic group
String is to obtain higher voltage.In actual use, the photovoltaic module in photovoltaic group string is often by different degrees of screening
Gear, due to usually there is bypass diode inside photovoltaic module, effect is can to bypass these when photovoltaic cell is blocked
Cell piece reduces fire risk, improves light to guarantee that other cell piece normal power generations, such benefit also prevent hot spot problem
Lie prostrate the service life of component.When photovoltaic cell is blocked due to the conducting of bypass diode, so that the output work of photovoltaic group string
Multimodal shape is presented in rate curve.Maximum value power meeting since the difference and coverage extent of blocking position are different, under multimodal shape
Different location is appeared in, is usually expressed as on the left side, in centre and on the right.Based on above-mentioned technological means, adjust adaptive used
Property weight wnc, inertia weight value first as the increase of iteration gradually decreases can promote convergence using linear adaption mode
Speed, but photovoltaic multimodal maximum power point is mainly reflected in the position of left, middle and right three, if inertia weight only use it is linear from
Accommodation mode, is easy to make that algorithm falls into local optimum or result precision is not high, therefore after each particle distributing adjustment, adopts
With new smaller adaptive inertia weight, convergence rate not only can be improved, arithmetic accuracy can also be improved, avoid falling into office
Portion's optimal value.
S202, particle fitness value is obtained according to update particle position；
S203, according to each particle fitness value and the corresponding particle fitness value of each current local optimum, update
The local optimum and global optimum of each particle.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present embodiment is when there are the absolute values of the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional
When being that the number of maximum value is more than preset times, and identical dimensional is named as target dimension, it will be continuous under target dimension
The number of maximum value is corresponding more than the sub-value that the corresponding update particle position of preset times replaces under same the number of iterations
Particle position is updated, new update particle position is obtained；It is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position
It calculates, realizes and particle position is readjusted according to renewal speed value, realize the adaptive adjustment being laid out to particle, subtract
Lack unnecessary iteration, improves convergence rate.
Based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic, please specifically join
Fig. 3 is examined, Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of another kind photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application, packet
It includes:
S301, judge to replace whether number reaches preset threshold.
The purpose of this step is the size of preset threshold and replacement number in order to obtain.
If S302, not up to preset threshold, the maximum of the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations is obtained
Value.
Wherein, preset threshold is N-1, and N is number of photovoltaic modules.The purpose that threshold value is arranged is can to carry out particle layout N-1
It is secondary, so as to efficiently reduce the number of iterations, improve convergence rate.
If not up to preset threshold, the maximum value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations is obtained；
If reaching preset threshold, executes and calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position
Step.
S303, the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional be maximum value number whether be more than
Preset times.
If being more than S304, preset times, identical dimensional is named as target dimension, by under target dimension it is continuous most
The number being worth greatly is more than that replace with the sub-value under same the number of iterations corresponding more for the corresponding update particle positions of preset times
New particle position obtains new update particle position, and records replacement number.
S305, calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power
And global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present embodiment is continuous when existing by when replacing number and not reaching preset threshold
Identical dimensional under update particle rapidity when being that the number of maximum value is more than preset times, and identical dimensional is named as target
Dimension replaces with the corresponding update particle position that the number of the continuous maximum value under target dimension is more than preset times together
The corresponding update particle position of sub-value under one the number of iterations, obtains new update particle position；According to update particle rapidity and
New update particle position is iterated calculating, realizes and is readjusted according to renewal speed value to particle position, realizes
Adaptive adjustment to particle layout reduces unnecessary iteration, improves convergence rate
Based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic, please specifically join
Fig. 4 is examined, Fig. 4 includes: for a kind of flow chart of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application
S401, obtain update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations absolute value maximum value.
S402, the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional be maximum value number whether be more than
Preset times.
If being more than S403, preset times, identical dimensional is named as target dimension, by under target dimension it is continuous most
The number being worth greatly is more than that replace with the sub-value under same the number of iterations corresponding more for the corresponding update particle positions of preset times
New particle position obtains new update particle position, and records replacement number.
S404, calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power
And global maximum power.
Above-described embodiment specifically is please referred to, the present embodiment is no longer repeated.
S405, judge whether the precision of the numerical value of global maximum power reaches default precision.
The present embodiment is not defined default precision, and user can be configured according to actual needs, can be decimal point
Two afterwards, it is also possible to after decimal point three.By taking 2 significant digits as an example, the formula that iteration ends are arranged is:
Wherein, Vm(nc+1)tThe optimal solution acquired after being particle distributing adjustment t times, i.e. t are replacement number, Vmnc+1For particle
The N-dimensional optimal solution that voltage searches out i.e. global maximum power value, roundn (x, -2) are access according to x, it is made to be accurate to decimal point
2 afterwards.
If S406, reaching default precision, iteration stopping.
The purpose of this step is off iteration, obtains global maximum power at this time, successfully tracks the maximum of photovoltaic multimodal
Power points.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, when the present embodiment reaches default precision by the precision of the numerical value of global maximum power,
Stop iteration at this point, obtaining the global maximum power that photovoltaic multimodal arrives.
Based on the above embodiment, the present embodiment provides a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic, please specifically join
Fig. 5 is examined, Fig. 5 is a kind of flow chart of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application
S501, obtain update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations absolute value maximum value.
S502, the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional be maximum value number whether be more than
Preset times.
If being more than S503, preset times, identical dimensional is named as target dimension, by under target dimension it is continuous most
The number being worth greatly is more than that replace with the sub-value under same the number of iterations corresponding more for the corresponding update particle positions of preset times
New particle position obtains new update particle position, and records replacement number.Specifically please refer to above-described embodiment, this implementation
Example is no longer repeated.
S504, calculating is iterated according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, obtains local maxima power
And global maximum power.
S505, judge whether the number of iterations reaches iteration threshold.
This step is not defined iteration threshold, and user can be configured according to actual needs, for example, 50,80,100,
120, any value in 150,180,200, it is of course also possible to be other customized numerical value, it is notable that the present embodiment is worked as
When being more than preset times there are the number that the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is maximum value, and identical dimensional is ordered
The number of continuous maximum value under target dimension will be more than the corresponding more new particle position of preset times by entitled target dimension
The corresponding update particle position of the sub-value replaced under same the number of iterations is set, obtains new update particle position, and record and replace
Change number；It is iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position, is realized according to renewal speed value pair
Particle position is readjusted, and realizes the adaptive adjustment being laid out to particle, reduces unnecessary iteration, improves convergence speed
Degree therefore can be smaller by iteration threshold setting, therefore, can effectively reduce energy consumption.
If S506, reaching iteration threshold, iteration stopping.
Based on the above-mentioned technical proposal, the present embodiment reaches iteration threshold by the number of iterations, stops iteration at this point, obtaining light
The global maximum power that volt multimodal arrives.
The present embodiment provides a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing methods of specific photovoltaic, comprising:
S1, input light voltage evidence have photovoltaic group string voltage VpvWith electric current Ipv, then calculate Ppv=Vpv×Ipv, PpvFor light
Volt group string performance number.
S2, initialization algorithm basic parameter, wherein particle initial position be
VocFor photovoltaic group string open-circuit voltage, N is number of photovoltaic modules, maximum number of iterations Nmax.
S3, the adaptive learning factor is determined, since Studying factors are to adjust the particle specific gravity mobile to extreme value, using linear
Adaptive mode is carried out by following formula:
C1=1.5+0.01 × Nc；
C2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；
In formula, c1, c2 are Studying factors, wherein c1 is the particle specific gravity mobile to local extremum, and c2 is particle to the overall situation
The mobile specific gravity of extreme value, Nc are number, that is, the number of iterations of each iteration.
S4, adaptive inertia weight w is determinednc, due to inertia weight wncIt is very important parameter in algorithm, is related to
Convergence rate and tracking precision, use adaptive line mode (replace number for 0 when) at algorithm iteration initial stage, by following formula
It carries out:
wnc=1.5+0.01 × Nc；Nc is the number of iterations.
S5, particle rapidity and position are updated, refer to the next new speed of particle of iteration of acquisition and the new position of particle voltage,
It obtains updating particle rapidity and new update particle position, be updated by following formula:
Vnc+1=wnc×Vnc+c1×r1×(PPbestnc-Vmnc)+c2×r2×(GPbestnc-Vmnc)；
Vmnc+1=Vmnc+Vnc+1；
Wherein, Vnc+1It is the particle voltage of the next iteration speed mobile to optimal solution, to update particle rapidity；
wncIt is the inertia weight factor of current iteration；
VncIt is current particle speed, i.e. the particle voltage of the current iteration speed mobile to optimal solution；
C1 and c2 is Studying factors；
R1 and r2 is the random number in 0 to 1；
PPbestncIt is the i.e. current local optimum of current iteration local optimum；
VmncIt is current particle voltage location；
GPbestncIt is the i.e. current global optimum of current iteration global optimum；
Vmnc+1It is the particle voltage location of next iteration, to update particle position；
S6, the adaptive value for obtaining particle voltage, refer to according to current particle voltage VmncWith the update obtained after each iteration
Particle rapidity Vnc+1Pass through GetPower [Vpv, Ppv] obtain corresponding performance number, i.e., each particle is determined according to update particle position
Fitness value；Wherein, GetPower [Vpv, Ppv] it is the numerical value that current sensor, voltage sensor obtain in real time, Jin Erneng
Corresponding performance number is accessed, further, numerical value can be stored in memory, to check and to extract.
By N-dimensional particle voltage VmncCorresponding performance number PmncIt is compared, obtains current iteration global maximum power value
GPbestncI.e. current global optimum；By N-dimensional particle voltage VmncAnd Vmnc+Vnc+1Corresponding PmncAnd Pmnc+1It is compared,
Obtain current iteration local maxima performance number PPbestncI.e. current local optimum.
S7: the local optimum and global optimum of more new particle, be by current iteration relatively after local optimum
PPbestncWith global optimum GPbestnc, local optimum PPbest with last iterationnc-1And global optimum
GPbestnc-1It is compared, the person of taking large values, replaces original smaller value.
S8: adjustment particle layout obtains the maximum value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；Judgement is continuous
Update particle rapidity under identical dimensional is whether the number of maximum value is more than preset times；If being more than preset times, by phase
It is named as target dimension with dimension, is more than the corresponding each of preset times by the number of the continuous maximum value under target dimension
Maximum value replaces with the sub-value under same the number of iterations, obtains each update particle rapidity, record replacement number；According to update grain
Sub- speed and new update particle position are iterated calculating.Adjustment particle layout may also mean that basis iterates to calculate out every time
Vnc+1Judged, if the V of N-dimensionalnc+1Certain internal one-dimensional data occurs all being continuously maximum value, then by the grain of maximum value
The particle voltage of sub- voltage smaller value replaces, and executes S3-S7 as algorithm continues iteration, continues to judge and replace, until
It replaces number t and is equal to N-1, no longer replace, N is photovoltaic group number.
Wherein, when replacing number is 0, adaptive inertia weight w is determined according to S4nc；
When replacement number is not 0, adaptive inertia weight w is adjustednc, after referring to every adjustment primary particle layout, need to adjust
Whole adaptive inertia weight wnc, it adjusts formula and is performed as follows:
wnc=(- 0.175 × t2+0.425×t+1.225)+0.01×Nc；
S10: judging whether the precision of the numerical value of global maximum power reaches default precision, if reaching default precision, changes
In generation, stops.Termination condition formula carries out as follows:
In formula, Vm(nc+1)tThe optimal solution acquired after being particle distributing adjustment t times, Vmnc+1The N-dimensional searched out for particle voltage
Optimal solution, roundn (x, -2) is access according to x, 2 after so that it is accurate to decimal point.
S11: output global maximum power refers to when meeting stopping criterion for iteration, according to GetPower [Vm(nc+1)t,
Ppv] global optimum Ppvmax is obtained, it is practical photovoltaic multimodal maximum power point, exports the maximum power point tracked.
Further, Fig. 6 is that three kinds for providing photovoltaic module in photovoltaic group string provided by the embodiments of the present application block situation,
Fig. 7 is three kinds provided by the embodiments of the present application and blocks photovoltaic group string output characteristic curve under situation；Fig. 8 mentions for the embodiment of the present application
The particle swarm algorithm under situation 1 of blocking supplied improves front and back comparative result figure；Fig. 9 blocks situation 2 to be provided by the embodiments of the present application
Lower particle swarm algorithm improves front and back comparative result figure；Figure 10 blocks particle swarm algorithm under situation 3 to be provided by the embodiments of the present application
Improve front and back comparative result figure.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to preferably show photovoltaic group string multimodal maximum power point and appear in different location, by 1
Photovoltaic group string is composed in series using 5 pieces of 320W photovoltaic modulies.At the standard conditions, photovoltaic module electrical parameter is open-circuit voltage Uoc
=40.8V, short circuit current Isc=10.05A, maximum power point operating voltage Um=33.48V, maximum power point operating current are
Im=9.56A.Under circumstance of occlusion 1,2,3, it is respectively [1000,900,300,200,100] that photovoltaic module, which receives illumination,
[1000,900,800,500,400], [1000,900,800,700,600].As shown in fig. 7, under circumstance of occlusion 1,2,3, light
Multimodal shape is presented in volt group string output characteristic curve, and actual maximum power point respectively appears in the left side, intermediate and the right.
In order to verify the advantage for improving particle swarm algorithm, herein using basic particle group algorithm and improvement particle swarm algorithm point
It does not block lower situation in three kinds of differences and is tracked effect and compare.Basic particle group algorithm population is 5, c1=2, c2=2, w
=0.2, maximum number of iterations 200.Particle swarm algorithm is improved to carry out using the above method.
Circumstance of occlusion 1:
In the case where blocking mode situation 1, the practical maximum output power point position of photovoltaic group string [61.93V,
575.7477W].Elementary particle group, that is, basic PSO algorithm MPPT and improvement particle swarm algorithm improve PSO algorithm MPPT tracking knot
Fruit such as Fig. 8, it can be seen that 2 kinds of algorithms all have found practical maximum power point, but basic particle group algorithm passes through 40 iteration,
Particle swarm algorithm is improved by 24 iteration, the number of iterations reduces 40%, while power oscillation is smaller during innovatory algorithm, subtracts
Power loss is lacked.
Circumstance of occlusion 2:
In the case where blocking mode situation 2, the practical maximum output power point position of photovoltaic group string [92.91V,
771.6861W].Elementary particle group and improvement particle swarm algorithm track result such as Fig. 9, it can be seen that 2 kinds of algorithms all have found reality
Border maximum power point, but basic particle group algorithm passes through 42 iteration, improves particle swarm algorithm and passes through 22 iteration, iteration time
Number reduces by 48%, while the more apparent reduction of power oscillation during innovatory algorithm, to relatively significantly reduce power loss.
Circumstance of occlusion 3:
In the case where blocking mode situation 3, the practical maximum output power point position of photovoltaic group string [155.01V,
961.6814W], elementary particle group and improvement particle swarm algorithm track result such as Figure 10, improve particle swarm algorithm and pass through 67 times repeatedly
It is 961.6814W that generation, which obtains maximum power point, and basic particle group algorithm is by 71 iteration acquisition maximum power points
915.0036W having fallen into local optimum.It is found by test of many times, if the adaptive weighting factor does not follow particle electric
Compress office is adjusted, and the maximum power point precision that algorithm can also fall into local optimum or track is not high.
It is found that using linear adaption mode to Studying factors c1 and c2, c1 gradually increases with the increase of the number of iterations
Greatly, accelerate local search speed；With the increase of the number of iterations, optimal value is become closer to, c2 is gradually reduced at this time, is slowed down complete
Office's search speed, is conducive to search out optimal value, it is excessive to reduce iterative power span using linear adaption mode.Into
One step adaptively adjusts particle layout, after placing particle voltage initial position feature and every time iterative calculation
New velocity amplitude, is adjusted particle position, reduce need not search cost.Further, adaptive inertia weight w is adjustednc, first
First inertia weight value uses linear adaption mode, as the increase of iteration gradually decreases, can promote convergence rate, but light
Volt multimodal maximum power point is mainly reflected in the position of left, middle and right three, if inertia weight only uses linear adaption mode, holds
Easily make that algorithm falls into local optimum or result precision is not high, therefore after each particle distributing adjustment, using new smaller
Adaptive inertia weight, convergence rate not only can be improved, arithmetic accuracy can also be improved, avoid falling into local optimum.
A kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing device of photovoltaic provided by the embodiments of the present application is introduced below, hereafter
The multi-peak maximum power tracing device of the photovoltaic of description and the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of above-described photovoltaic can
Reference is corresponded to each other, with reference to Figure 11, Figure 11 is a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing of photovoltaic provided by the embodiment of the present application
The structural schematic diagram of device, comprising:
Obtain module 10, the maximum value of the absolute value for obtaining the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；
First judgment module 20, for judging that the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is maximum value
Number whether be more than preset times；
Replacement module 30 will be under target dimension if identical dimensional is named as target dimension for being more than preset times
Continuous maximum value number be more than preset times corresponding update particle position replace under same the number of iterations time
It is worth corresponding update particle position, obtains new update particle position, and record replacement number；
Iteration module 40, for being iterated calculating, acquisition office according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position
Portion's maximum power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping.
In some specific embodiments, further includes:
Second judgment module replaces whether number reaches preset threshold for judging；
Execution module, if executing for reaching preset threshold according to update particle rapidity and new update particle position
The step of being iterated calculating；If not up to preset threshold, executes and obtain the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations
The step of maximum value；
Wherein, preset threshold is N-1, and N is number of photovoltaic modules.
In some specific embodiments, iteration module 40 includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining local maxima power and global maximum power；
Judging unit, for judging whether the precision of numerical value of global maximum power reaches default precision；
Execution unit, if for reaching default precision, iteration stopping.
In some specific embodiments, iteration module 40 includes:
Acquiring unit, for obtaining local maxima power and global maximum power；
Judging unit, for judging whether the number of iterations reaches iteration threshold；
Execution unit, if for reaching iteration threshold, iteration stopping.
In some specific embodiments, iteration module 40 includes:
First updating unit, for according to current global optimum, current local optimum, Studying factors, inertia weight
Particle rapidity and particle position are updated, obtains updating particle rapidity and new update particle position；
Determination unit, for obtaining each particle fitness value according to update particle position；
Second updating unit, for suitable according to the corresponding particle fitness value of each particle local optimum and each particle
Angle value is answered, the local optimum and global optimum of each particle are updated.
In some specific embodiments, the first updating unit includes:
It determines subelement, is determined for Studying factors according to c1=1.5+0.01 × Nc, c2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；
Wherein, c1, c2 are Studying factors, and Nc is the number of iterations.
In some specific embodiments, the first updating unit includes:
Inertia weight determines subelement, for when replacing number is zero, inertia weight to be according to wnc=1.5+0.01 × Nc
It determines；
Wherein, wncFor inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations.
In some specific embodiments, the first updating unit includes:
Inertia weight determines subelement, for when replacement number is not zero, inertia weight to be according to wnc=(- 0.175 × t2
+ 0.425 × t+1.225)+0.01 × Nc determination；
Wherein, wncFor inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations, and t is replacement number.
Since the embodiment of multi-peak maximum power tracing device part and the multi-peak maximum power of photovoltaic of photovoltaic chase after
The embodiment of track method part corresponds to each other, therefore the embodiment of the multi-peak maximum power tracing device part of photovoltaic refers to
The description of the embodiment of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method part of photovoltaic, wouldn't repeat here.
A kind of electronic equipment provided by the embodiments of the present application is introduced below, electronic equipment described below and above
The multi-peak maximum power tracing method of the photovoltaic of description can correspond to each other reference.
The present embodiment provides a kind of electronic equipment, comprising:
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor realizes the step of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method such as above-mentioned photovoltaic when for executing computer program
Suddenly.
Due to the embodiment phase of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method part of the embodiment and photovoltaic of electronics portion
It is mutually corresponding, therefore the embodiment of electronics portion refers to the embodiment of the multi-peak maximum power tracing method part of photovoltaic
Description, wouldn't repeat here.
A kind of computer readable storage medium provided by the embodiments of the present application is introduced below, calculating described below
Machine readable storage medium storing program for executing can correspond to each other reference with the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of above-described photovoltaic.
The present embodiment provides a kind of computer readable storage medium, computer journey is stored on computer readable storage medium
Sequence, when computer program is executed by processor the step of the realization such as multi-peak maximum power tracing method of above-mentioned photovoltaic.
Due to the embodiment of computer readable storage medium part and the multi-peak maximum power tracing method part of photovoltaic
Embodiment correspond to each other, therefore the embodiment of computer readable storage medium part refers to the multi-peak maximum power of photovoltaic
The description of the embodiment of method for tracing part wouldn't repeat here.
Each embodiment is described in a progressive manner in specification, the highlights of each of the examples are with other realities
The difference of example is applied, the same or similar parts in each embodiment may refer to each other.For device disclosed in embodiment
Speech, since it is corresponded to the methods disclosed in the examples, so being described relatively simple, related place is referring to method part illustration
?.
Professional further appreciates that, unit described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in the embodiments of the present disclosure
And algorithm steps, can be realized with electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of the two, in order to clearly demonstrate hardware and
The interchangeability of software generally describes each exemplary composition and step according to function in the above description.These
Function is implemented in hardware or software actually, the specific application and design constraint depending on technical solution.Profession
Technical staff can use different methods to achieve the described function each specific application, but this realization is not answered
Think beyond scope of the present application.
The step of method described in conjunction with the examples disclosed in this document or algorithm, can directly be held with hardware, processor
The combination of capable software module or the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in random access memory (RAM), memory, read-only deposit
Reservoir (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technology
In any other form of storage medium well known in field.
It is maximum to the multi-peak of a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic provided herein, photovoltaic above
Power tracing device, electronic equipment and computer readable storage medium are described in detail.Specific case used herein
The principle and implementation of this application are described, the side for the application that the above embodiments are only used to help understand
Method and its core concept.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, not departing from the application principle
Under the premise of, can also to the application, some improvement and modification can also be carried out, these improvement and modification also fall into the claim of this application
In protection scope.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic characterized by comprising
Obtain the maximum value of the absolute value of the update particle rapidity under same the number of iterations；
Whether it is more than preset times that the absolute value for judging the update particle rapidity under continuous identical dimensional is the number of maximum value；
If being more than the preset times, the identical dimensional is named as target dimension, it will be continuous under the target dimension
Maximum value number be more than the preset times corresponding update particle position replace with the sub-value under same the number of iterations
Corresponding update particle position obtains new update particle position, and records replacement number；
It is iterated calculating according to update particle rapidity and the new update particle position, obtains local maxima power and the overall situation
Maximum power, until iteration stopping.
2. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition is same
Before the maximum value of the absolute value of update particle rapidity under the number of iterations, further includes:
Judge whether the replacement number reaches preset threshold；
If reaching the preset threshold, execute it is described according to the update particle rapidity and the new update particle position into
The step of row iteration calculates；If the not up to described preset threshold, the more new particle obtained under same the number of iterations is executed
The step of maximum value of speed；
Wherein, the preset threshold is N-1, and N is number of photovoltaic modules.
3. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition part
Maximum power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping, comprising:
Obtain the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judge whether the precision of the numerical value of the global maximum power reaches default precision；
If reaching the default precision, iteration stopping.
4. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the acquisition part
Maximum power and global maximum power, until iteration stopping, comprising:
Obtain the local maxima power and the global maximum power；
Judge whether the number of iterations reaches iteration threshold；
If reaching the iteration threshold, iteration stopping.
5. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the iterative calculation
Include:
Particle rapidity and particle position are updated according to current global optimum, current local optimum, Studying factors, inertia weight
It sets, obtains the update particle rapidity and the update particle position；
Particle fitness value is obtained according to the update particle position；
According to each particle fitness value and the corresponding particle fitness value of each current local optimum, update each
The local optimum and global optimum of a particle.
6. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the Studying factors
It is determined according to c1=1.5+0.01 × Nc, c2=2.5-0.01 × Nc；
Wherein, c1, c2 are the Studying factors, and Nc is the number of iterations.
7. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 5, which is characterized in that when the replacement time
When number is zero, the inertia weight is according to wnc=1.5+0.01 × Nc is determined；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations.
8. the multi-peak maximum power tracing method of photovoltaic according to claim 5, which is characterized in that when the replacement time
When number is not zero, the inertia weight is according to wnc=(- 0.175 × t2+ 0.425 × t+1.225)+0.01 × Nc determination；
Wherein, wncFor the inertia weight, Nc is the number of iterations, and t is the replacement number.
9. a kind of electronic equipment characterized by comprising
Memory, for storing computer program；
Processor realizes the multi-peak of the photovoltaic as described in any one of claim 1 to 8 most when for executing the computer program
The step of high-power method for tracing.
10. a kind of computer readable storage medium, which is characterized in that be stored with computer on the computer readable storage medium
Program realizes that the multi-peak of the photovoltaic as described in any one of claim 1 to 8 is maximum when the computer program is executed by processor
The step of powerinjected method method.
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