CN110020494A - A kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor - Google Patents
A kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F18/00—Pattern recognition
- G06F18/20—Analysing
- G06F18/24—Classification techniques
- G06F18/241—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches
- G06F18/2415—Classification techniques relating to the classification model, e.g. parametric or non-parametric approaches based on parametric or probabilistic models, e.g. based on likelihood ratio or false acceptance rate versus a false rejection rate
- G06F18/24155—Bayesian classification
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
- A61F2/00—Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
- A61F2/02—Prostheses implantable into the body
- A61F2/30—Joints
- A61F2/3094—Designing or manufacturing processes
- A61F2/30942—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques
- A61F2002/30943—Designing or manufacturing processes for designing or making customized prostheses, e.g. using templates, CT or NMR scans, finite-element analysis or CAD-CAM techniques using mathematical models
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of prosthetic designs methods based on the articular morphology factor, include the following steps: step 1: realizing joint classification based on the articular morphology factor；Step 2: articular prosthesis characteristic model is constructed based on classified joint；Step 3: the not selection of the articular prosthesis model in the classification of the joint of step 1 and step 2 and editor.The present invention is from the articular morphology factor, firstly, being based on the articular morphology parameter extraction articular morphology factor, and joint is classified, then according to joint of having classified, construct averaging model in joint type, articular prosthesis model is finally designed according to averaging model in joint type, and is produced in batches.This method has the characteristics that quick, efficient, to design articular prosthesis and patient's matching degree height, to reduce a series of postoperative high risky complications such as prosthetic loosening, Periprosthetic infection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prosthetic designs methods based on the articular morphology factor, belong to the field of medical instrument technology.
Background technique
With the change of arthroscopic technique continuously improved with the people to quality of life, idea, receive joint replacement
Patient increases year by year.Currently, joint replacement has become the effective ways for the treatment of joint whole Terminal Disease.Arthroscopic technique is logical
It crosses and manufactures corresponding articular prosthesis according to the form and structure of patient articular using specialty metal, high molecular material etc., to lesion
Joint be replaced and be implanted into, and then realize patient articular's function recovery.
It is that joint replacement is successfully crucial that articular prosthesis matches with patient.However, individual patients are in anatomical structure and row
For, there are significant difference, arthropathy situation varies with each individual in movement.The more imports of articular prosthesis at present or imitated American-European countries,
The size and geometry and patient's matching degree of articular prosthesis on existing market are undesirable.In practical application, orthopaedics is cured
It is raw first to select a shape and size close to the articular prosthesis of patient, then articular prosthesis is bent, is cut etc. and operates, with
Match it preferably with patient articular.If selected articular prosthesis can not finally be adjusted to required shape, doctor can then be cut
Foot is suitable to be carried out.This causes, and joint replacement is postoperative the complication such as infection, prosthesis loosening around articular prosthesis usually occurs, is forced
It is secondary or repeatedly overhaul.
As it can be seen that designing with the articular prosthesis of patient's matched is the task of top priority.In articular prosthesis batch micro operations, close
Saving average morphological parameters is to design the important evidence of articular prosthesis, this has become the common recognition of medical field.Currently, articular prosthesis is
Columnization mentality of designing is: designing articular prosthesis averaging model with joint population mean morphological parameters, and is averaged mould with articular prosthesis
Two dimension extensions to the left and right respectively, generate a series of various sizes of articular prosthesis centered on type.The advantages of this mode is
It is simple and direct efficient, it is well arranged；The disadvantage is that when generating various sizes of articular prosthesis centered on articular prosthesis population mean model,
Articular prosthesis parameter is driving with experience, without reference to the anatomical features in each section joint.Problem above is to lead to articular prosthesis
With the immediate cause of patient's matching difference.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of prosthetic designs methods based on the articular morphology factor, should
Method extracts the articular morphology factor according to the morphological data of patient articular, and designs the joint with the high matching degree of patient according to this,
Have the characteristics that quick, efficient, the articular prosthesis designed and patient's matching degree are preferable, reduce prosthetic loosening, Periprosthetic sense
A series of postoperative complications such as dye.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention are as follows:
A kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor, includes the following steps:
Step 1: joint classification is realized based on the articular morphology factor；
Step 2: articular prosthesis characteristic model is constructed based on classified joint；
Step 3: the not selection of the articular prosthesis model in the classification of the joint of step 1 and step 2 and editor.
Step 1 includes:
Step 1a: articular morphology factor mathematical model is established according to articular morphology parameter；
In step 1a, articular morphology parameter refers to the parameter for the patient articular's anatomical structure that can be described, such as knee joint shape
State parameter includes the morphological parameters of distal femur and proximal tibia.Distal femur morphological parameters include that distal end transverse diameter, ectocondyle are high, outer
Condyle inclination angle, coaster Gou Jiao, interior condyle inclination angle, preartis angle, postartis angle, distal femoral surface rate, interior condyle height, entocondyle anteroposterior diameter, interior ectocondyle connection
Close inclination angle, external condyle anteroposterior diameter etc.；Proximal tibia morphological parameters include transverse diameter, intermediate inner distance, intermediate outer lateral extent, inside
Anteroposterior diameter, outside anteroposterior diameter etc..
Articular morphology factor mathematical model refers to the linear pass set up between articular morphology parameter and the articular morphology factor
System.The close several articular morphology parameters of correlation are returned in same class according to factor-analysis approach, every one kind articular morphology
Parameter just becomes an articular morphology factor.It realizes and reflects the big of former articular morphology parameter with less several articular morphology factors
Partial information.
Specifically, the method for building up of articular morphology factor mathematical model are as follows:
If p original articular morphology parameter is x1,x2,…,xp, the k articular morphology factor (k < p) being found is f1,
f2,…,fk。fiAnd xiRelational expression can indicate are as follows:
In formula (1), coefficient aij(i=1,2 ..., p, j=1,2 ..., k) is known as factor loading, indicates i-th of articular morphology
Parameter xiWith j-th of articular morphology factor fjBetween degree of correlation.εj(j=1,2 ..., k) is specific factor, represents knuckle shaped
The factor that each articular morphology parameter except the state factor has alone, such as certain individual patient after certain joint is wound caused by
The variation of topography.
Step 1b: determining articular morphology factor number based on articular morphology factor mathematical model and extract articular morphology because
Son makees rotation transformation to the articular morphology factor using orthogonal rotary process later；
Step 1c: the factor score of joint sample is calculated according to the articular morphology factor after rotation transformation；
The joint sample refers to the set of articular morphology parameter；
Specifically, in step 1c, the factor score of joint sample refers to each articular morphology factor on the sample of joint
Value, the i.e. linear combination of articular morphology parameter, are specifically expressed as follows:
In formula (2), score_fkIndicate the score of k-th of articular morphology factor, bji(j=1,2,3 ..., k；I=1,2,
3 ..., p) it is articular morphology factor score coefficient, variable xi' (i=1,2,3 ..., p) is x in formula (1)i(i=1,2,3 ..., p) warp
Cross the value that standardization (such as Z-score standardization) obtains.
Step 1d: according to the factor score of joint sample, joint is classified using clustering.Here it refers mainly to according to pass
The classification that section front and back length, long, the concave-convex degree in left and right etc. consider.
Step 2 includes:
Step 2a: being directed to every class joint, calculates average morphological parameters in joint type；
Specifically, in step 2a, average morphological parameters refer to according to each articular morphology parameter far from its class in joint type
Weight is arranged in the relative distance of the heart, and takes the weighted average of articular morphology parameter as final average value.
In every class joint, for i-th of articular morphology parameter x of m-th of joint sampleim(i=1,2,3 ..., p, m=1,
2,3 ..., n), according to weighting function gi(i=1,2,3 ..., p) obtains weighted average gi(xi)。
Step 2b: articular prosthesis characteristic parameter is set according to morphological parameters average in joint type；
Specifically, in step 2b, setting articular prosthesis characteristic parameter refers to: it is special that articular prosthesis is first divided into several major class
Its global feature parameter is levied and assigned, then several small category features are divided by different angle to big category feature and assign its details spy
Levy parameter.
In major class characteristic parameter, identical big generic attribute uses common parameters；In small category feature, group characteristic parameter is not
It only inherits the attribute of big category feature and there is new attribute.
Step 2c: it is arranged according to influence degree of the articular prosthesis characteristic parameter to the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular
Editor's priority of each articular prosthesis simultaneously constructs articular prosthesis characteristic model.
The above content is the design method of averaging model in joint type.
The following contents is the selection and editing side of the not articular prosthesis model in the classification of the joint of step 1 and step 2
Method:
Step 3 includes:
Step 3a: according to joint sample, the Bayes discriminant function in joint is established；
Specifically, in step 3a, the Bayes discriminant function in joint refers to the condition for certain joint sample being fallen into certain class joint
Probability treats as probability discriminant function, and joint sample falls into the maximum class of the other conditional probability of certain joint type as the institute of the joint sample
Belong to classification.
Step 3b: for the joint outside the sample of joint, joint is determined according to the Bayes discriminant function established in step 3a
Generic selects the articular prosthesis model in such corresponding joint；
Step 3c: successively editing articular prosthesis characteristic parameter based on priority, so that articular prosthesis and patient articular's covers
Lid rate highest.
Specifically, in step 3c, the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular are finger joint prosthesis curved surface and patient articular
The similarity of curved surface.
The present invention provides a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor.This method goes out from the articular morphology factor
Hair firstly, being based on the articular morphology parameter extraction articular morphology factor, and joint is classified, then according to joint of having classified, building
Averaging model in joint type finally designs articular prosthesis model according to averaging model in joint type, and produces in batches.This method tool
There is the features such as quick, efficient, the articular prosthesis designed and patient's matching degree are high, to reduce prosthetic loosening, Periprosthetic sense
A series of postoperative high risky complications such as dye.In addition, the present invention can also carry out prosthese modelling to the joint outside the sample of joint, into
One step guarantees articular prosthesis and patient individuality's matched.
The invention has the advantages that the prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor be applied to Medical orthopaedic operation with
Medical devices manufacturing field provides scientific basis for the design and selection of articular prosthesis, to improve articular prosthesis designing quality and
Efficiency is of great significance.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the principle of the present invention figure；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that joint classification is realized based on the knee joint morphology factor；
Fig. 3 is that average morphological parameters calculate schematic diagram in joint type；
Fig. 4 is selection and the editor's schematic diagram of joint sample extrinsic articulation prosthese model.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor, includes the following steps:
Step 1: joint classification is realized based on the articular morphology factor；Joint in the present embodiment is the joint of patient, step
Rapid one is to acquire the articular morphology factor of patient articular and classify to the joint；
As shown in Fig. 2, step 1 includes:
Step 1a: articular morphology factor mathematical model is established according to articular morphology parameter；
Articular morphology parameter refers to the parameter that can describe joint anatomy, if knee joint morphology parameter includes femoral far
The morphological parameters at end and proximal tibia.Distal femur morphological parameters include distal end transverse diameter, ectocondyle height, ectocondyle inclination angle, coaster ditch angle,
Before and after interior condyle inclination angle, preartis angle, postartis angle, distal femoral surface rate, interior condyle height, entocondyle anteroposterior diameter, interior ectocondyle joint inclination angle, external condyle
Diameter etc.；Proximal tibia morphological parameters include transverse diameter, intermediate inner distance, intermediate outer lateral extent, inside anteroposterior diameter, outside anteroposterior diameter
Deng.
Articular morphology factor mathematical model refers to the linear pass set up between articular morphology parameter and the articular morphology factor
System.Related closer several articular morphology parameters are returned in same class according to existing factor-analysis approach, every one kind shape
State parameter just becomes an articular morphology factor, and the big portion of former articular morphology parameter is reflected with less several articular morphology factors
Divide information.
If p original articular morphology parameter is x1,x2,…,xp, the k articular morphology factor (k < p) being found is f1,
f2,…,fk。fiAnd xiRelational expression can indicate are as follows:
In formula (1), coefficient aij(i=1,2 ..., p, j=1,2 ..., k) is known as factor loading, indicates i-th of articular morphology
Parameter xiWith j-th of articular morphology factor fjBetween degree of correlation.εj(j=1,2 ..., k) is specific factor, represents knuckle shaped
The factor that each articular morphology parameter except the state factor has alone, such as certain individual patient after certain joint is wound caused by
The variation of topography.
Step 1b: the articular morphology factor is extracted；It determines articular morphology factor number and extracts the articular morphology factor, adopt later
Rotation transformation is made to the articular morphology factor with orthogonal rotary process.
Step 1c: the factor score of joint sample is calculated according to the articular morphology factor；
The factor score of joint sample refers to value of each articular morphology factor on the sample of joint, i.e. articular morphology is joined
Several linear combination, is specifically expressed as follows:
In formula (2), score_fkIndicate the score of k-th of articular morphology factor, bji(j=1,2,3 ..., k；I=1,2,
3 ..., p) it is articular morphology factor score coefficient, variable xi' (i=1,2,3 ..., p) is x in formula (1)i(i=1,2,3 ..., p) warp
Cross the value that existing standardization (such as Z-score standardization) obtains.
Step 1d: according to the factor score of joint sample, joint is classified using clustering.
Step 2: articular prosthesis characteristic model is constructed based on classified joint；
Step 2 includes:
As shown in figure 3, step 2a: being directed to every class joint, calculate average morphological parameters in joint type；Average shape in joint type
State parameter, which refers to, is arranged weight far from the relative distance at its class center according to each articular morphology parameter, and takes articular morphology parameter
Weighted average is as final average value.In every class joint, each morphological parameters x of each sampleim(i=1,2,3 ..., p, m=
1,2,3 ..., n), according to weighting function gi(i=1,2,3 ..., p) obtains weighted average gi(xi)。
Step 2b: articular prosthesis characteristic parameter is set according to morphological parameters average in joint type；
In step 2b, setting articular prosthesis characteristic parameter refers to: articular prosthesis being first divided into several big category features and is assigned
Its global feature parameter is given, then several small category features are divided by different angle to big category feature and assign its minutia ginseng
Number.In major class characteristic parameter, identical big generic attribute uses common parameters；In small category feature, group characteristic parameter not only after
It holds the attribute of big category feature and there is new attribute.
Articular prosthesis in the present embodiment is the prosthetic products for treating joint disease.
Step 2c: it is arranged according to influence degree of the articular prosthesis characteristic parameter to the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular
Editor's priority of each articular prosthesis.
Stratification setting is carried out to articular prosthesis surface semantic feature parameter, specific strategy is as follows: articular prosthesis is divided
For several big category features and its global feature parameter (including main characteristic parameter and foundation characteristic parameter) is set.Join in big category feature
In number, identical big generic attribute is indicated using common parameters (i.e. main characteristic parameter), and major class characteristic parameter can be further broken into
Multiple foundation characteristic parameters, main includes the fusion of rule feature parameter and irregular characteristic parameter and the two；To major class spy
Articular prosthesis under sign is divided into several small category features by different angle, and assigns its minutia parameter.It is small in small category feature
Category feature parameter not only inherits the attribute of big category feature but also has new attribute, and mainly using personality, (i.e. minutia is joined
Number) it indicates.
Step 3: the selection of joint sample extrinsic articulation prosthese model and editor.
As shown in figure 4, step 3 includes:
Step 3a: according to joint sample, the Bayes discriminant function in joint is established；
The Bayes discriminant function in joint refers to that the conditional probability that certain joint sample is fallen into certain class joint differentiates as probability
Function, joint sample fall into the generic that the maximum class of the other conditional probability of certain joint type is the sample.
In the present embodiment, the Bayes discriminant function in joint is had built up, then according to the Bayes in this joint
Discriminant function judges which kind of joint the joint sample outside sample belongs to.
Step 3b: for the joint outside the sample of joint, joint is determined according to the Bayes discriminant function established in step 3a
Generic selects the articular prosthesis model in such corresponding joint；
Step 3c: successively editing articular prosthesis characteristic parameter based on priority, so that articular prosthesis and patient articular's covers
Lid rate highest.The coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular are the similarities of finger joint prosthesis curved surface and patient articular's curved surface.
It should be appreciated that in order to simplify the disclosure and help to understand one or more of the various inventive aspects, it is right above
In the description of exemplary embodiment of the present invention, each feature of the invention be grouped together into sometimes single embodiment, figure or
In person's descriptions thereof.However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting the following intention: i.e. claimed hair
Bright requirement is than feature more features expressly recited in each claim.More precisely, as claims institute is anti-
As reflecting, inventive aspect is all features less than embodiment disclosed above.Therefore, it then follows the power of specific embodiment
Thus sharp claim is expressly incorporated in the specific embodiment, wherein each claim itself is as independent reality of the invention
Apply example.
Although the embodiment according to limited quantity describes the present invention, above description, the art are benefited from
It is interior it is clear for the skilled person that in the scope of the present invention thus described, it can be envisaged that other embodiments.Additionally, it should be noted that
Language used in this specification primarily to readable and introduction purpose and select, rather than in order to explain or limit
Determine subject of the present invention and selects.Therefore, without departing from the scope and spirit of the appended claims, for this
Many modifications and changes are obvious for the those of ordinary skill of technical field.For the scope of the present invention, to this
Invent done disclosure be it is illustrative and not restrictive, it is intended that the scope of the present invention be defined by the claims appended hereto.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that: for the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, various improvements and modifications may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, these improvements and modifications are also answered
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: joint classification is realized based on the articular morphology factor；
Step 2: articular prosthesis characteristic model is constructed based on classified joint；
Step 3: the not selection of the articular prosthesis model in the classification of the joint of step 1 and step 2 and editor.
2. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1
Include:
Step 1a: articular morphology factor mathematical model is established according to articular morphology parameter；
Step 1b: determining articular morphology factor number based on articular morphology factor mathematical model and extracts the articular morphology factor, it
Rotation transformation is made to the articular morphology factor using orthogonal rotary process afterwards；
Step 1c: the factor score of joint sample is calculated according to the articular morphology factor after rotation transformation；
The joint sample refers to the set of articular morphology parameter；
Step 1d: according to the factor score of joint sample, joint is classified using clustering.
3. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step 2
Include:
Step 2a: being directed to every class joint, calculates average morphological parameters in joint type；
Step 2b: articular prosthesis characteristic parameter is set according to morphological parameters average in joint type；
Step 2c: each pass is arranged according to influence degree of the articular prosthesis characteristic parameter to the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular
It saves editor's priority of prosthese and constructs articular prosthesis characteristic model.
4. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 3
Include:
Step 3a: according to joint sample, the Bayes discriminant function in joint is established；
Step 3b: it for the joint outside the sample of joint, is determined belonging to joint according to the Bayes discriminant function established in step 3a
Classification selects the articular prosthesis model in such corresponding joint；
Step 3c: successively editing articular prosthesis characteristic parameter based on priority, so that the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular
Highest.
5. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step 1a
In, articular morphology factor mathematical model refers to the linear relationship set up between articular morphology parameter and the articular morphology factor；Root
The close several articular morphology parameters of correlation are returned in same class according to factor-analysis approach, every one kind articular morphology parameter is just
As an articular morphology factor.
6. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step 1c
In, the factor score of joint sample refers to value of each articular morphology factor on the sample of joint, i.e. articular morphology parameter
Linear combination.
7. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 2a
In, average morphological parameters, which refer to, in joint type is arranged weight far from the relative distance at its class center according to each articular morphology parameter,
And take the weighted average of articular morphology parameter as final average value.
8. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 2b
In, setting articular prosthesis characteristic parameter refers to: articular prosthesis being first divided into several big category features and assigns its global feature ginseng
Number, then several small category features are divided by different angle to big category feature and assign its minutia parameter.
9. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step 3a
In, the Bayes discriminant function in joint refers to that the conditional probability that certain joint sample is fallen into certain class joint treats as probability discriminant function,
Joint sample falls into the generic that the maximum class of the other conditional probability of certain joint type is the joint sample.
10. a kind of prosthetic designs method based on the articular morphology factor according to claim 4, which is characterized in that step
In 3c, the coverage rate of articular prosthesis and patient articular are the similarities of finger joint prosthesis curved surface Yu patient articular's curved surface.
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