CN110018014B - Soil metal detection device and detection method thereof - Google Patents
Soil metal detection device and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110018014B CN110018014B CN201910320373.XA CN201910320373A CN110018014B CN 110018014 B CN110018014 B CN 110018014B CN 201910320373 A CN201910320373 A CN 201910320373A CN 110018014 B CN110018014 B CN 110018014B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 187
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 138
- 230000017105 transposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000309464 bull Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 2
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000171 higher toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100001240 inorganic pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and particularly relates to a soil metal detection device and a detection method thereof, wherein the soil metal detection device comprises a support and a motor, and a group of guide rails is arranged on the vertical surface of the support; the motor is connected in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the device comprises a motor, a shell, a sampling unit, a transposition unit and a detection unit, wherein the shell is positioned below the motor and fixedly connected with the motor, and a cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the shell; the sampling unit is positioned at the lower side of the shell and is used for collecting soil on the side surface of a soil layer, so that the shell can accurately collect the soil conveniently; the transposition unit is positioned on the upper side of the sampling unit and used for providing energy for the sampling unit so as to control the action of the sampling unit conveniently; the detection unit is positioned at the lower side of the sampling unit and is used for detecting the metal content of the soil so as to be convenient for analyzing the components of the soil; the device can accurately collect the soil of different depths, and is convenient for people to accurately analyze the soil metal components of different depths.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of soil detection, and particularly relates to a soil metal detection device and a detection method thereof.
Background
The soil inorganic pollutants are relatively prominent in heavy metals, and the heavy metals are easy to accumulate and are converted into methyl compounds with higher toxicity because the heavy metals cannot be decomposed by soil microorganisms, and even some of the heavy metals are accumulated in a human body at harmful concentration through a food chain and seriously harm the health of the human body. The heavy metal elements in the polluted soil mainly include mercury, cadmium, lead, copper, chromium, nickel, zinc and the like, and arsenic is generally discussed as heavy metal because the behavior, source and harm of arsenic are similar to those of heavy metal. The specific pollution types can be inquired in national standard soil environmental quality standard GB 15618-1995. As far as the needs of the plant are concerned, two categories can be distinguished: one is an element which is not needed by the growth and development of plants, but has obvious harm to the health of human bodies, such as cadmium, mercury, lead and the like; the other is the elements needed by the normal growth and development of the plants, and has certain physiological functions to human bodies, such as copper, zinc and the like, but the elements can be polluted too much to hinder the growth and development of the plants. Usually the upper limit of the content of these elements in normal soil varies from one to several hundred mg/kg. The existing soil heavy metal detector has the problems of high manufacturing cost, inconvenience in carrying and use and the like.
Some technical schemes of soil detection equipment also appear in the prior art, for example, a Chinese patent with application number of 2018102537495 discloses a soil heavy metal detection device; the utility model provides a soil heavy metal detection device, includes testing platform, carries pull handle, twist grip, supporting legs base and test bar, twist grip is equipped with two and is located respectively testing platform's the left and right sides, the supporting legs base is established to the ring shape and is located testing platform's periphery, twist grip with supporting legs base fixed connection, the lower extreme of supporting legs base is equipped with three supporting legs, testing platform includes detection control device, display panel and presses the key zone, the lower extreme of test bar is equipped with light source and spectrum detection device, the light source with spectrum detection device with the detection control device electricity is connected.
Although the technical scheme has the advantages that when the technical scheme is used, heavy metal elements in the soil are detected and data are recorded; however, such soil metal detection devices cannot collect hard soil layers in winter and cannot collect soil layers of a certain depth, and therefore, a soil metal detection device and a detection method thereof are proposed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the soil metal detection device and the detection method thereof, and the cutting edge outside the shell is convenient for people to detect a harder soil layer in winter; when the sampling unit is used for sampling, the soil which is not compressed by the shell can be collected, and the soil on the side surface of the shell is collected, so that the soil with different depths can be accurately collected, and people can conveniently and accurately analyze the metal components of the soil with different depths; the transposition unit enables the casing to be drilled and linked with the sampling process, and the same power source is used, so that energy loss is reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a soil metal detection device comprises a support and a motor, wherein a group of guide rails is arranged on the vertical surface of the support; the motor is connected in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the motor is characterized by further comprising a shell, a sampling unit, a transposition unit and a detection unit, wherein the shell is positioned below the motor, and a cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the shell; the sampling unit is positioned at the lower side of the shell and is used for collecting soil on the side surface of a soil layer, so that the shell can accurately collect the soil conveniently; the transposition unit is positioned on the upper side of the sampling unit and used for providing energy for the sampling unit so as to control the action of the sampling unit conveniently; the detection unit is positioned at the lower side of the sampling unit and is used for detecting the metal content of the soil so as to be convenient for analyzing the components of the soil;
the sampling unit comprises a driving bevel gear, a driven shaft, a convex block, a screw, a rotating rod, a sampling shell, a leak groove, a first spring and an opening, wherein the driving bevel gear is positioned right below the rotating shaft, and the driving bevel gear is movably connected with the rotating shaft; the driven bevel gear is positioned below the driving bevel gear, the driven bevel gear is connected with the driving bevel gear through a gear pair, and the driven bevel gear is fixedly connected with the driven shaft; the driven shaft is rotationally connected with the shell and is connected with the lug through a screw; the rotating rod is positioned on one side of the driven shaft, a tooth profile is arranged on one side of the rotating rod, and the rotating rod is hinged with the arc-shaped rod; one side of the sampling shell is provided with a tooth profile, the sampling shell is connected with the rotating rod through a gear pair, and a leakage groove is formed in the sampling shell; a first spring is fixedly connected between the rotating rod and the shell; the shell is provided with an opening, the size of the opening is matched with that of the sampling shell, and the opening is positioned at a position opposite to the sampling shell; the transposition unit comprises a flywheel, a friction disc, a rotating shaft, a pressure plate, a compression spring and an operating rod, wherein the flywheel is positioned on the upper side of the inner surface of the shell and is fixedly connected with the motor; the friction disc is positioned on the lower side of the flywheel and fixedly connected with the rotating shaft, and the friction disc is contacted with the shell; the pressing plate is positioned below the friction disc and is in sliding connection with the rotating shaft, and a group of pressing springs are fixedly connected between the pressing plate and the shell; one end of the operating rod is positioned above the shell, the other end of the operating rod is positioned below the pressing plate, and the operating rod is hinged with the transposition unit; the detection unit comprises a guide plate and a detection shell, the guide plate is positioned below the sampling shell, and the guide plate is fixedly connected with the shell; the detection shell is located below the guide plate and fixedly connected with the shell.
When the device works, when soil needs to be collected, the support is arranged on the surface of the soil where the soil needs to be collected, the motor is started, the motor drives the shell to drill downwards, and the cutting edge outside the shell breaks the soil, so that the shell can reach the required depth conveniently; when the shell reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod is pulled, the pressing plate compresses the compression spring, so that the pressing plate does not extrude the friction disc any more, the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the shell loses a power source, and the shell stops rotating and drilling; meanwhile, the rotating shaft moves downwards, the rotating shaft drives the driving bevel gear to rotate, the driving bevel gear drives the driven bevel gear to rotate, the driven bevel gear drives the driven shaft to rotate, the rotating rod is pushed by the lug to rotate, the rotating rod drives the sampling shell to push out of the shell through the gear pair, the sampling shell can collect a soil layer with a required depth, soil is brought back into the shell by the sampling shell and slides to the guide plate through a leakage groove in the sampling shell, the guide plate guides the soil into the detection shell, and the detection shell analyzes the metal components of the soil; the cutting edge outside the shell is convenient for people to detect a harder soil layer in winter; when the sampling unit is used for sampling, the soil which is not compressed by the shell can be collected, and the soil on the side surface of the shell is collected, so that the soil with different depths can be accurately collected, and people can conveniently and accurately analyze the metal components of the soil with different depths; the transposition unit enables the casing to be drilled and linked with the sampling process, and the same power source is used, so that energy loss is reduced.
Preferably, one end of the rotating rod is hinged with an arc-shaped rod; a sliding groove is formed in the shell wall; the arc-shaped rod is connected in the sliding chute in a sliding manner and is hinged with the rotating rod; one end of the sliding chute is provided with a first air bag; the first air bag is fixedly connected with the sliding chute; a pneumatic push rod is fixedly connected in the shell; the pneumatic push rod is communicated with the first air bag through a pipeline and is made of flexible materials; the other end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected with a sampling shell, and the shearing fork rod is positioned between the shell and the sampling shell; and a second spring is fixedly connected between the scissor rod and the shell. When the rotating rod rotates, the rotating rod drives the arc-shaped rod to move in the sliding groove, so that an opening of the sampling shell is opened, the first air bag is restored to the original size, air flows to the first air bag from the pneumatic push rod, the pneumatic push rod is retracted, the sampling shell can take soil with the depth after being pushed out of the shell, the sampling shell can impact the scissor rod after being retracted into the shell, the second spring is further pushed, the second spring, the scissor rod and the pneumatic push rod form a jacking force, the sampling shell is shaken back and forth, and the soil falls into the detection unit; the arc-shaped rod can seal the opening of the shell, so that when the sampling unit does not work, soil is prevented from falling into the shell; no. two springs, scissors fork arm and pneumatic push rod will form and will shake back and forth the sample shell to the apical force, make soil non-stick in the sample shell to soil fully falls into detecting element.
Preferably, a group of inclined guide posts is arranged below the sampling shell; the lengths of the group of the inclined guide columns are sequentially increased from outside to inside, the inclined guide columns are fixedly connected with the sampling shell, and a grinding plate is arranged below the inclined guide columns; the grinding plate is provided with a leak hole and is positioned above the guide plate; the guide plate is obliquely arranged. After the soil is collected by the sampling shell, the soil can leak from a leakage groove in the sampling shell, the soil is ground by the inclined guide post and the grinding plate, so that the volume of the soil is reduced, the detection unit can conveniently detect the metal content of the soil, and the inclined guide post and the grinding plate grind the soil back and forth as the sampling shell is pushed back and forth by the second spring, the shearing fork rod and the pneumatic push rod; the inclined guide post and the grinding plate grind the soil back and forth, and the ejection force formed by the second spring, the shearing fork rod and the pneumatic push rod is further utilized.
Preferably, the section of the sampling shell is arc-shaped, two ends of the arc-shaped surface are high, the middle part of the arc-shaped surface is low, and the leakage groove is positioned in the middle part; and a scraping claw is arranged at the bottom of the sampling shell. After the sampling shell collects soil, the volume of the soil in the sampling shell is reduced in the process that the soil falls into the detection unit, and the soil can fall to the middle part of the sampling shell, so that the soil can conveniently fall to the grinding plate through the open slot, and the soil can more smoothly flow into the grinding plate; the scraping claw will take off the piled soil and make it evenly adhere to the grinding plate, so that the inclined guide post and the grinding plate can grind the soil back and forth, and the soil can not be piled up.
Preferably, a group of second air bags are arranged in the sampling shell; and the second air bag is fixedly connected in the side surface of the sampling shell. When the soil is gathered to the sample shell, No. two gasbags can be compressed, and when soil outflow sample shell, sample shell by No. two springs, scissor pole and pneumatic push rod when making a round trip to promote, thereby an gasbag can warp and promote soil and flow, and the sample cell stops the sample back, for preventing in the debris flow advances the casing, a gasbag can seal the sample shell.
Preferably, a group of rotating wheels are arranged on the surface of the guide plate; the friction coefficient of the surfaces of the rotating wheels is matched with that of different metal particles, and the rotating wheels are in rotating connection with the guide plate. When soil flows through the guide plate, when frictional force between the metal particles and the rotating wheel is larger than resistance of the rotating wheel, the metal particles drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and at the moment, the metal particles of the soil are pre-detected through rotation of different rotating wheels, so that the detection unit can detect the soil further.
A soil metal detection method comprises the following steps,
s1: starting a motor, driving the shell to drill down, and breaking the ground by a cutting edge outside the shell to enable the shell to reach the required depth conveniently;
s2: when the shell in the S1 reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod is pulled, the pressure plate compresses the compression spring, so that the pressure plate does not extrude the friction disc any more, the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the shell loses the power source, the shell stops rotating and drilling, and after the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the friction disc moves downwards, and the rotating shaft moves downwards;
s3: when the pivot in S2 removed downwards, the pivot drove the rotation of drive bevel gear, drive bevel gear drove driven bevel gear and rotates, driven bevel gear drove the bull stick and rotates, the bull stick will be moved by the lug top and rotate, the bull stick passes through the gear pair and drives the sample shell and release the casing, the soil layer of required degree of depth can be taken to the sample shell, soil will be taken the sample shell and return in the casing, spout cunning in the sample shell is to the baffle, the baffle is in the detection shell with soil direction, the detection shell will be analyzed the metal component of soil.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the soil metal detection device, the cutting edge outside the shell is convenient for people to detect a harder soil layer in winter; when the sampling unit is used for sampling, the soil which is not compressed by the shell can be collected, and the soil on the side surface of the shell is collected, so that the soil with different depths can be accurately collected, and people can conveniently and accurately analyze the metal components of the soil with different depths; the transposition unit enables the casing to be drilled and linked with the sampling process, and the same power source is used, so that energy loss is reduced.
2. According to the soil metal detection device, the second spring, the scissor rod and the pneumatic push rod form a jacking force which can shake the sampling shell back and forth, so that soil is not adhered in the sampling shell and falls into the detection unit fully; the inclined guide post and the grinding plate grind the soil back and forth.
3. According to the soil metal detection device, when soil flows through the guide plate, when the friction force between the metal particles and the rotating wheel is larger than the rotating resistance of the rotating wheel, the metal particles drive the rotating wheel to rotate, and at the moment, the metal particles in the soil are pre-detected through the rotation of different rotating wheels, so that the soil can be further detected by the detection unit conveniently.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a front three-axis side sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 2 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the invention at B in FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of C-C of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a sampling shell according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a front view of the transposition unit of the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a support 1, a motor 2, a shell 3, a sampling unit 4, a driving bevel gear 41, a driven bevel gear 42, a driven shaft 43, a convex block 44, a rotating rod 45, a sampling shell 46, a leakage groove 47, a first spring 48, an opening 49, an arc-shaped rod 410, a sliding groove 411, a first air bag 412, a pneumatic push rod 413, a scissor rod 414, a second spring 415, an inclined guide post 416, a grinding plate 417, a leakage hole 418, a scraping claw 419, a second air bag 420, a transposition unit 5, a flywheel 51, a friction disc 52, a rotating shaft 53, a pressure plate 54, a pressing spring 55, an operating rod 56, a detection unit 6, a guide plate 61, a detection shell 62 and a rotating wheel 63.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation features, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments, and all directions of the invention are based on fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the soil metal detection device of the present invention comprises a support 1 and a motor 2, wherein a set of guide rails is arranged on a vertical surface of the support 1; the motor 2 is connected in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the device is characterized by further comprising a shell 3, a sampling unit 4, a transposition unit 5 and a detection unit 6, wherein the shell 3 is positioned below the motor 2, and a cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the shell 3; the sampling unit 4 is positioned at the lower side of the shell 3, and the sampling unit 4 is used for collecting soil on the side surface of a soil layer, so that the shell 3 can accurately collect the soil conveniently; the transposition unit 5 is positioned on the upper side of the sampling unit 4, and the transposition unit 5 is used for providing energy for the sampling unit 4 so as to control the action of the sampling unit 4 conveniently; the detection unit 6 is positioned at the lower side of the sampling unit 4, and the detection unit 6 is used for detecting the metal content of the soil so as to be convenient for analyzing the components of the soil;
the sampling unit 4 comprises a driving bevel gear 41, a driven bevel gear 42, a driven shaft 43, a convex block 44, a screw, a rotating rod 45, a sampling shell 46, a leakage groove 47, a first spring 48 and an opening 49, wherein the driving bevel gear 41 is positioned right below a rotating shaft 53, and the driving bevel gear 41 is movably connected with the rotating shaft 53; the driven bevel gear 42 is positioned below the drive bevel gear 41, the driven bevel gear 42 is connected with the drive bevel gear 41 through a gear pair, and the driven bevel gear 42 is fixedly connected with the driven shaft 43; the driven shaft 43 is rotationally connected with the shell 3, and the driven shaft 43 is connected with the lug 44 through a screw; the rotating rod 45 is positioned on one side of the driven shaft 43, a tooth profile is arranged on one side of the rotating rod 45, and the rotating rod 45 is hinged with the arc-shaped rod 410; one side of the sampling shell 46 is provided with a tooth profile, the sampling shell 46 is connected with the rotating rod 45 through a gear pair, and a leakage groove 47 is formed in the sampling shell 46; a first spring 48 is fixedly connected between the rotating rod 45 and the shell 3; the shell 3 is provided with an opening 49, the size of the opening 49 is matched with that of the sampling shell 46, and the opening 49 is positioned at the position opposite to the sampling shell 46; the transposition unit 5 comprises a flywheel 51, a friction disc 52, a rotating shaft 53, a pressure plate 54, a compression spring 55 and an operating rod 56, wherein the flywheel 51 is positioned on the upper side of the inner surface of the shell 3, and the flywheel 51 is fixedly connected with the motor 2; the friction disc 52 is positioned at the lower side of the flywheel 51, the friction disc 52 is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft 53, and the friction disc 52 is in contact with the shell 3; the pressure plate 54 is positioned below the friction disc 52, the pressure plate 54 is connected with the rotating shaft 53 in a sliding manner, and a group of compression springs 55 are fixedly connected between the pressure plate 54 and the shell 3; one end of the operating rod 56 is positioned above the shell 3, the other end of the operating rod 56 is positioned below the pressure plate 54, and the operating rod 56 is hinged with the transposition unit 5; the detection unit 6 comprises a guide plate 61 and a detection shell 62, the guide plate 61 is positioned below the sampling shell 46, and the guide plate 61 is fixedly connected with the shell 3; the detection shell 62 is located below the guide plate 61, and the detection shell 62 is fixedly connected with the shell 3.
When the device works, when soil needs to be collected, the support 1 is arranged on the surface of the soil where the soil needs to be collected, the motor 2 is started, the motor 2 drives the shell 3 to drill downwards, and the cutting edge outside the shell 3 breaks the soil, so that the shell 3 can reach the required depth conveniently; when the shell 3 reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod 56 is pulled, the pressure plate 54 compresses the compression spring 55, so that the pressure plate 54 does not extrude the friction disc 52 any more, the friction disc 52 is separated from the flywheel 51, the shell 3 loses the power source, and the shell 3 stops rotating and drilling; meanwhile, the rotating shaft 53 moves downwards, the rotating shaft 53 drives the driving bevel gear 41 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 41 drives the driven bevel gear 42 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 42 drives the driven shaft 43 to rotate, the rotating rod 45 is jacked by the bump 44 to rotate, the rotating rod 45 drives the sampling shell 46 to push out of the shell 3 through a gear pair, the sampling shell 46 can collect a soil layer with a required depth, soil is brought back into the shell 3 by the sampling shell 46 and slides to the guide plate 61 through the leakage groove 47 in the sampling shell 46, the guide plate 61 guides the soil into the detection shell 62, and the detection shell 62 analyzes the metal components of the soil; the cutting edge outside the shell 3 is convenient for people to detect a harder soil layer in winter; when the sampling unit 4 is used for sampling, the soil which is not compressed by the shell 3 can be collected, and the soil on the side surface of the shell 3 is collected, so that the soil with different depths can be accurately collected, and people can conveniently and accurately analyze the metal components of the soil with different depths; the transposition unit 5 enables the casing 3 to be drilled and linked with the sampling process, and the same power source is used, so that energy loss is reduced.
As one embodiment, one end of the rotating rod 45 is hinged with an arc-shaped rod 410; a sliding groove 411 is formed in the wall of the shell 3; the arc-shaped rod 410 is connected in the sliding groove 411 in a sliding manner, and the arc-shaped rod 410 is hinged with the rotating rod 45; one end of the sliding groove 411 is provided with a first air bag 412; the first air bag 412 is fixedly connected with the chute 411; a pneumatic push rod 413 is fixedly connected in the shell 3; the pneumatic push rod 413 is communicated with the first air bag 412 through a pipeline, and the pneumatic push rod 413 is made of flexible materials; the other end of the rotating rod 45 is fixedly connected with a sampling shell 46, and the scissor rod 414 is positioned between the shell 3 and the sampling shell 46; a second spring 415 is fixedly connected between the scissor rod 414 and the shell 3. When the rotating rod 45 rotates, the rotating rod 45 drives the arc-shaped rod 410 to move in the sliding groove 411, so that the opening 49 of the sampling shell 46 is opened, meanwhile, the first air bag 412 is restored to the original size, air flows to the first air bag 412 from the pneumatic push rod 413, the pneumatic push rod 413 is retracted, after the sampling shell 46 is pushed out of the shell 3, the sampling shell 46 can take the soil with the depth, after the sampling shell 46 is retracted into the shell 3, the sampling shell 46 can impact the scissor rod 414 to further push the second spring 415, and the second spring 415, the scissor rod 414 and the pneumatic push rod 413 form a jacking force to shake the sampling shell 46 back and forth, so that the soil falls into the detection unit 6; the arc-shaped rod 410 seals the opening 49 of the housing 3, so that when the sampling unit 4 does not work, soil is prevented from falling into the housing 3; spring two 415, scissor lever 414 and pneumatic push rod 413 will exert a counter force that will shake the sampling housing 46 back and forth so that soil does not stick inside the sampling housing 46 and fall sufficiently into the detection unit 6.
In one embodiment, a set of angle guide posts 416 is disposed below the sampling shell 46; the lengths of the group of the inclined guide posts 416 are sequentially increased from outside to inside, the inclined guide posts 416 are fixedly connected with the sampling shell 46, and a grinding plate 417 is arranged below the inclined guide posts 416; the grinding plate 417 is provided with a leak hole 418, and the grinding plate 417 is positioned above the guide plate 61; the guide plate 61 is disposed obliquely. After the sampling shell 46 collects soil, the soil leaks from the leakage groove 47 in the sampling shell 46, the soil is ground by the inclined guide post 416 and the grinding plate 417, so that the volume of the soil is reduced, the detection unit 6 can conveniently detect the metal content of the soil, moreover, as the sampling shell 46 is pushed back and forth by the second spring 415, the scissor rod 414 and the pneumatic push rod 413, the inclined guide post 416 and the grinding plate 417 grind the soil back and forth, when the volume of the soil is matched with the leakage hole 418, the soil falls to the guide plate 61 through the leakage hole 418, and the guide plate 61 guides the soil to flow to the detection unit 6; the inclined guide post 416 and the grinding plate 417 grind the soil back and forth, and further utilize the abutting force formed by the second spring 415, the shearing fork rod 414 and the pneumatic push rod 413.
As an embodiment, the cross section of the sampling shell 46 is arc-shaped, two ends of the arc-shaped surface are high, the middle part of the arc-shaped surface is low, and the leakage groove 47 is located in the middle part; the bottom of the sampling shell 46 is provided with a scraping claw 419. After the sampling shell 46 collects the soil, in the process that the soil falls into the detection unit 6, the volume of the soil in the sampling shell 46 is reduced, and the soil falls into the middle of the sampling shell 46, so that the soil can conveniently fall into the grinding plate 417 through the slot, and the soil can more smoothly flow into the grinding plate 417; the scraping claws 419 will scrape off the accumulated soil and make it adhere to the grinding plate 417 uniformly, so that the inclined guide posts 416 and the grinding plate 417 grind the soil back and forth without accumulating the soil.
In one embodiment, a set of No. two balloons 420 is disposed inside the sampling shell 46; a set of the second balloons 420 are attached within the side of the sampling shell 46. When the sampling shell 46 is used for collecting soil, the second air bag 420 is compressed, when the soil flows out of the sampling shell 46, the sampling shell 46 is pushed back and forth by the second spring 415, the scissor rod 414 and the pneumatic push rod 413, the first air bag 412 is deformed to push the soil to flow, and after the sampling unit 4 stops sampling, in order to prevent sundries from flowing into the shell 3, the first air bag 412 seals the sampling shell 46.
As an embodiment, the surface of the guide plate 61 is provided with a set of rotating wheels 63; the friction coefficient of the surfaces of a set of the runners 63 is matched with that of different metal particles, and a set of the runners 63 is rotatably connected with the guide plate 61. When the soil flows through the guide plate 61, when the friction force between the metal particles and the rotating wheel 63 is greater than the resistance force of the rotating wheel 63, the metal particles drive the rotating wheel 63 to rotate, and at this time, the metal particles of the soil are pre-detected through the rotation of different rotating wheels 63, so that the soil can be further detected by the detection unit 6.
A soil metal detection method comprises the following steps,
s1: starting a motor, driving the shell to drill down, and breaking the ground by a cutting edge outside the shell to enable the shell to reach the required depth conveniently;
s2: when the shell in the S1 reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod is pulled, the pressure plate compresses the compression spring, so that the pressure plate does not extrude the friction disc any more, the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the shell 3 loses the power source, the shell stops rotating and drilling, and after the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the friction disc moves downwards, and the rotating shaft moves downwards;
s3: when the pivot in S2 removed downwards, the pivot drove the rotation of drive bevel gear, drive bevel gear drove driven bevel gear and rotates, driven bevel gear drove the bull stick and rotates, the bull stick will be moved by the lug top and rotate, the bull stick passes through the gear pair and drives the sample shell and release the casing, the soil layer of required degree of depth can be taken to the sample shell, soil will be taken the sample shell and return in the casing, spout cunning in the sample shell is to the baffle, the baffle is in the detection shell with soil direction, the detection shell will be analyzed the metal component of soil.
When the device works, when soil needs to be collected, the support 1 is arranged on the surface of the soil where the soil needs to be collected, the motor 2 is started, the motor 2 drives the shell 3 to drill downwards, and the cutting edge outside the shell 3 breaks the soil, so that the shell 3 can reach the required depth conveniently; when the shell 3 reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod 56 is pulled, the pressure plate 54 compresses the compression spring 55, so that the pressure plate 54 does not extrude the friction disc 52 any more, the friction disc 52 is separated from the flywheel 51, the shell 3 loses the power source, and the shell 3 stops rotating and drilling; meanwhile, the rotating shaft 53 moves downwards, the rotating shaft 53 drives the driving bevel gear 41 to rotate, the driving bevel gear 41 drives the driven bevel gear 42 to rotate, the driven bevel gear 42 drives the driven shaft 43 to rotate, the rotating rod 45 is jacked by the bump 44 to rotate, the rotating rod 45 drives the sampling shell 46 to push out of the shell 3 through a gear pair, the sampling shell 46 can collect a soil layer with a required depth, soil is brought back into the shell 3 by the sampling shell 46 and slides to the guide plate 61 through the leakage groove 47 in the sampling shell 46, the guide plate 61 guides the soil into the detection shell 62, and the detection shell 62 analyzes the metal components of the soil; the cutting edge outside the shell 3 is convenient for people to detect a harder soil layer in winter; when the sampling unit 4 is used for sampling, the soil which is not compressed by the shell 3 can be collected, and the soil on the side surface of the shell 3 is collected, so that the soil with different depths can be accurately collected, and people can conveniently and accurately analyze the metal components of the soil with different depths; the transposition unit 5 enables the casing 3 to be drilled and linked with the sampling process, and the same power source is used, so that energy loss is reduced.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are given by way of illustration of the principles of the present invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A soil metal detection device comprises a support (1) and a motor (2), wherein a group of guide rails is arranged on the vertical surface of the support (1); the motor (2) is connected in the guide rail in a sliding manner; the method is characterized in that: the device is characterized by further comprising a shell (3), a sampling unit (4), a transposition unit (5) and a detection unit (6), wherein the shell (3) is positioned below the motor (2), and a cutting edge is arranged on the outer surface of the shell (3); the sampling unit (4) is positioned at the lower side of the shell (3), and the sampling unit (4) is used for collecting soil on the side of a soil layer, so that the shell (3) can accurately collect the soil conveniently; the transposition unit (5) is positioned at the upper side of the sampling unit (4), and the transposition unit (5) is used for providing energy for the sampling unit (4) so as to be convenient for controlling the action of the sampling unit (4); the detection unit (6) is positioned at the lower side of the sampling unit (4), and the detection unit (6) is used for detecting the metal content of the soil so as to be convenient for analyzing the components of the soil;
the sampling unit (4) comprises a driving bevel gear (41), a driven bevel gear (42), a driven shaft (43), a convex block (44), a screw, a rotating rod (45), a sampling shell (46), a leakage groove (47), a first spring (48) and an opening (49), the driving bevel gear (41) is positioned right below a rotating shaft (53), and the driving bevel gear (41) is movably connected with the rotating shaft (53); the driven bevel gear (42) is positioned below the driving bevel gear (41), the driven bevel gear (42) is connected with the driving bevel gear (41) through a gear pair, and the driven bevel gear (42) is fixedly connected with the driven shaft (43); the driven shaft (43) is rotationally connected with the shell (3), and the driven shaft (43) is connected with the lug (44) through a screw; the rotating rod (45) is positioned on one side of the driven shaft (43), a tooth profile is arranged on one side of the rotating rod (45), and the rotating rod (45) is hinged with the arc-shaped rod (410); one side of the sampling shell (46) is provided with a tooth profile, the sampling shell (46) is connected with the rotating rod (45) through a gear pair, and a leakage groove (47) is formed in the sampling shell (46); a first spring (48) is fixedly connected between the rotating rod (45) and the shell (3); the shell (3) is provided with an opening (49), the size of the opening (49) is matched with that of the sampling shell (46), and the opening (49) is located at a position opposite to the sampling shell (46); the transposition unit (5) comprises a flywheel (51), a friction disc (52), a rotating shaft (53), a pressure plate (54), a compression spring (55) and an operating rod (56), the flywheel (51) is positioned on the upper side of the inner surface of the shell (3), and the flywheel (51) is fixedly connected with the motor (2); the friction disc (52) is positioned on the lower side of the flywheel (51), the friction disc (52) is fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (53), and the friction disc (52) is in contact with the shell (3); the pressure plate (54) is positioned below the friction disc (52), the pressure plate (54) is connected with the rotating shaft (53) in a sliding manner, and a group of compression springs (55) is fixedly connected between the pressure plate (54) and the shell (3); one end of the operating rod (56) is positioned above the shell (3), the other end of the operating rod (56) is positioned below the pressing plate (54), and the operating rod (56) is hinged with the transposition unit (5); the detection unit (6) comprises a guide plate (61) and a detection shell (62), the guide plate (61) is positioned below the sampling shell (46), and the guide plate (61) is fixedly connected with the shell (3); the detection shell (62) is positioned below the guide plate (61), and the detection shell (62) is fixedly connected with the shell (3).
2. A soil metal detection device according to claim 1, wherein: one end of the rotating rod (45) is hinged with an arc-shaped rod (410); a sliding groove (411) is formed in the wall of the shell (3); the arc-shaped rod (410) is connected in the sliding groove (411) in a sliding manner, and the arc-shaped rod (410) is hinged with the rotating rod (45); one end of the sliding groove (411) is provided with a first air bag (412); the first air bag (412) is fixedly connected with the sliding groove (411); a pneumatic push rod (413) is fixedly connected in the shell (3); the pneumatic push rod (413) is communicated with the first air bag (412) through a pipeline, and the pneumatic push rod (413) is made of flexible materials; the other end of the rotating rod (45) is fixedly connected with a sampling shell (46), and the scissor rod (414) is positioned between the shell (3) and the sampling shell (46); a second spring (415) is fixedly connected between the scissor rod (414) and the shell (3).
3. A soil metal detection device according to claim 2, wherein: a group of inclined guide posts (416) are arranged below the sampling shell (46); the lengths of the inclined guide columns (416) are sequentially increased from outside to inside, the inclined guide columns (416) are fixedly connected with the sampling shell (46), and a grinding plate (417) is arranged below the inclined guide columns (416); the grinding plate (417) is provided with a leakage hole (418), and the grinding plate (417) is positioned above the guide plate (61); the guide plate (61) is obliquely arranged.
4. A soil metal detection device according to claim 3, wherein: the section of the sampling shell (46) is arc-shaped, two ends of the arc-shaped surface are high, the middle part of the arc-shaped surface is low, and the leakage groove (47) is positioned in the middle part; and the bottom of the sampling shell (46) is provided with a scraping claw (419).
5. A soil metal detection device according to claim 4, wherein: a group of second air bags (420) are arranged in the sampling shell (46); a set of the second air bags (420) is fixedly connected in the side surface of the sampling shell (46).
6. A soil metal detection device according to claim 3, wherein: a group of rotating wheels (63) are arranged on the surface of the guide plate (61); the friction coefficient of the surfaces of the rotating wheels (63) is matched with that of different metal particles, and the rotating wheels (63) are rotatably connected with the guide plate (61).
7. A soil metal detection method applied to the soil metal detection device of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1: starting a motor, driving the shell to drill down, and breaking the ground by a cutting edge outside the shell to enable the shell to reach the required depth conveniently;
s2: when the shell in the S1 reaches the depth of soil to be collected, the operating rod is pulled, the pressure plate compresses the compression spring, so that the pressure plate does not extrude the friction disc any more, the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the shell loses the power source, the shell stops rotating and drilling, and after the friction disc is separated from the flywheel, the friction disc moves downwards, and the rotating shaft moves downwards;
s3: when the pivot in S2 removed downwards, the pivot drove the rotation of drive bevel gear, drive bevel gear drove driven bevel gear and rotates, driven bevel gear drove the bull stick and rotates, the bull stick will be moved by the lug top and rotate, the bull stick passes through the gear pair and drives the sample shell and release the casing, the soil layer of required degree of depth can be taken to the sample shell, soil will be taken the sample shell and return in the casing, spout cunning in the sample shell is to the baffle, the baffle is in the detection shell with soil direction, the detection shell will be analyzed the metal component of soil.
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| JP2003098085A (en) * | 2001-09-26 | 2003-04-03 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for analyzing heavy metal harmful substance in soil |
| CN106732890B (en) * | 2016-12-28 | 2019-03-15 | 吉林师范大学 | A kind of soil grinding system |
| CN106769214B (en) * | 2017-01-09 | 2023-03-21 | 仲君 | Soil environment detects with integrative device of sampling test |
| CN206440510U (en) * | 2017-01-17 | 2017-08-25 | 上格环境科技（上海）有限公司 | A kind of soil gas quick detection and active sampling apparatus |
| CN107271395B (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2019-11-26 | 埃欧孚(上海)检测技术有限公司 | A kind of high precision soil heavy metal analysis device |
| CN107505161A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2017-12-22 | 苏州硒泰克生物科技有限公司 | A kind of heavy metal-polluted soil detection sampling apparatus |
| CN207181074U (en) * | 2017-09-25 | 2018-04-03 | 冮爽 | Heavy metal-polluted soil detects sampling equipment |
| CN107870101A (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2018-04-03 | 广西塔锡科技有限公司 | A kind of soil sampling apparatus |
| CN208366644U (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2019-01-11 | 武汉楚江环保有限公司 | A kind of portable Soil K+adsorption sampler of gardens construction |
| CN109500073B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2021-07-06 | 四川瑞城弘丰农业科技有限公司 | Efficient soil remediation method |
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