CN110017358A - A kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio - Google Patents
A kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110017358A CN110017358A CN201910329935.7A CN201910329935A CN110017358A CN 110017358 A CN110017358 A CN 110017358A CN 201910329935 A CN201910329935 A CN 201910329935A CN 110017358 A CN110017358 A CN 110017358A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- clutch
- center
- transmission ratio
- firmly
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H37/00—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00
- F16H37/02—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings
- F16H37/06—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts
- F16H37/08—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing
- F16H37/0833—Combinations of mechanical gearings, not provided for in groups F16H1/00 - F16H35/00 comprising essentially only toothed or friction gearings with a plurality of driving or driven shafts; with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts with differential gearing with arrangements for dividing torque between two or more intermediate shafts, i.e. with two or more internal power paths
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H63/00—Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
- F16H63/02—Final output mechanisms therefor; Actuating means for the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/30—Constructional features of the final output mechanisms
- F16H63/34—Locking or disabling mechanisms
- F16H63/3416—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission
- F16H63/3458—Parking lock mechanisms or brakes in the transmission with electric actuating means, e.g. shift by wire
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/003—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds
- F16H2200/0039—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of forward speeds the gear ratios comprising three forward speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
- F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
- F16H2200/2041—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with four engaging means
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio, its feature is mainly by motor, epicyclic gear train, first clutch, second clutch, third clutch, brake, triple gear, parking braking part, differential mechanism and shell composition；First clutch, second clutch and third clutch are in parallel structure, and the conversion of gear is realized by alternately engaging；In addition, the parking braking part uses brake parking, the locking of vehicle can be realized with lesser torque.The present invention has 3 drive shifts, 1 park position and 1 neutral gear, while transmission efficiency is high, compact-sized, gear changing mode is simple, provides a kind of new scheme reference to existing power transmission system for electric vehicle structure, has preferable use value and application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to electric car drive areas, and in particular to a kind of three fast electric cars changes of exportable large transmission ratio
Fast device.
Background technique
The driving cycle of automobile is complicated and changeable, and running resistance and travel speed change greatly, when straight road surface is at the uniform velocity advanced
Take rolling resistance and frontal resistance is smaller, and climb very steep slopes or it is anxious accelerate when grade resistance or acceleration resistance it is very big, institute
The driving force needed has several times of even more than ten times of gaps, in addition, automobile should meet special road section with several kms of speed per hour even more
Slow speed is slowly creeped can need driving wheel suitable with the even faster speed fast running of more than 100 kms of speed per hour again
Wide in range revolving speed section operation, and being widely used as the gasoline engine of automobile engine or diesel engine all can not directly provide such width
General torque and revolving speed, need to seal between engine and driving wheel with multiple reduction ratio automotive transmission extension torque and
The range of speeds is to meet the changeable power demand of Automobile Complex.To meet user to automobile dynamic quality and fuel-economy performance not
The disconnected requirement improved, the gear number of automotive transmission are increasing, but more gear numbers have automotive transmission more
Complicated structure, manufacture maintenance cost are higher.Since planetary gear construction is flexible and changeable, transmission ratio be can easily be accommodated, gear changing mode
It is relatively simple, it is widely used in the design of speed changer, therefore, realizing that gear is adjusted using planetary gear becomes large transmission ratio
The preferred option of multi-speed transmission design.
Patent CN106931082A discloses a kind of double clutch three-speed gears, which can provide three advance speed changes
Than solving the problems, such as that the electric car of only single-stage speed reducing ratio cannot take into account driving force and speed.The speed changer include it is double from
Clutch, the first input shaft, the second input shaft, output shaft, gear selecting component etc., the first input shaft are selected with output shaft by gear selecting component
Secondary first stud gear or third change gear pair passing movement and torque are selected, the second input shaft and output shaft pass through the second speed change
Gear pair passing movement and torque.
Patent CN106931143A discloses a kind of dual input shaft three-speed gear, which can provide three drive shifts
Position, solves the problems, such as that the electric car of only single-stage speed reducing ratio cannot take into account driving force and speed.The speed changer includes planet
Gear row, gear selecting component, the first input shaft, second input shaft etc., two input shafts link with two groups of motors respectively, pass through two groups
Respectively using the sun gear of epicyclic gear train or gear ring as input part, planet carrier can get gear selecting component as output block
The gear ratio of three kinds of different speed ratios.Such speed changer not only has compact-sized, light-weight, the also high, transmission with transmission efficiency
The advantages such as reliable, are particularly suitable for the speed changer for electric car.
Current electric car mostly uses the single reduction gear of only one gear ratio to be driven, this is difficult to meet automobile
Power demand or climbing capacity complicated and changeable be poor, speed-raising is slow or even if driving motor revolving speed is very high, cannot be fine
Take into account driving force and speed in ground.If electric car uses the speed changer with multiple gear ratio, can not only be obviously improved electronic
The power performance of automobile, moreover it is possible to the requirement to driving motor, control system, power battery pack is reduced, to reduce electric car
Dynamical system cost.For this purpose, the electric automobile gear device for developing the multi gear speed change request containing large transmission ratio is that electric car pushes away
Wide important prerequisite.
Summary of the invention
For the single speed changer of existing electric car energy consumption is high, the high and low shift transmission ratio difference in automatic transmission compared with
Greatly, the problems such as gear shift difficulty etc., the present invention is based on planetary gear train transport characteristics, consider from actual condition, design high and low shift and take
It is the beneficial benefit of existing electric automobile gear device with a kind of reasonable third gear electric car power-driven system of large transmission ratio
It fills.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that in order to solve the technical problem
The fast electric automobile gear device of the three of a kind of exportable large transmission ratio of the present invention, it is characterised in that three-speed gearbox is by leading
Body transmission system, three clutch systems, braking system and differential mechanism are constituted；The main body transmission system is single planetary row structure,
Including tooth in the first centre wheel, the first planetary gear, three left gears, the second center left gear, three middle gears, the second center
Wheel, three right gears, the second center right gear；First centre wheel and the first planetary gear external toothing, described three is left
Gear and the second center left gear external toothing, three middle gear and the second center middle gear external toothing, it is described
Three right gears and the second center right gear external toothing, the first planet carrier and the first row star-wheel, which are formed, to be rotated
It is secondary；Three left gear, three middle gear, three right gear connect firmly composition triple gear, and in described first
Planet carrier forms revolute pair；
Three clutch system, including first clutch, second clutch, third clutch；The first clutch,
The second clutch and the third clutch are that left and right is parallel, and the first clutch outer ring and second center are left
Gear connects firmly, and the second clutch outer ring is connected firmly with second center middle gear, the third clutch outer with it is described
Second center right gear connects firmly；The first clutch inner ring, the second clutch inner ring and the third clutch inner ring
It connects firmly, while being connected firmly with driving wheel；
The braking system, including brake, the driving wheel；The brake inner ring and the driving wheel connect firmly, institute
Brake outer ring is stated to connect firmly with shell.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the present invention realizes gear-change operation using the clutch of three lateral parallel-connection structures, there is compact-sized, gear shift to imitate
The feature that rate is high, occupied space is few.By the mutual cooperation present invention tool of three clutches, there are three drive shifts, pass through clutch
Instead of cumbersome shift mechanism, it can guarantee that gearshift procedure gear is in meshing state always, shifting shock is small, radiating condition
It is good；In addition, clutch is connected with central gear, when transmission duty, it is advantageously implemented the rapid work of clutch, shortening is changed
The shelves time, extend the service life of clutch.
2. the present invention is laid out using planetary gear, when different clutch engagements, different planetary gears is started to work, control
Structure processed is simple, has many advantages, such as that lateral occupied space is smaller, and large carrying capacity and stability are good, can satisfy different regions road
The design requirement of condition, adaptability are stronger.
3. the park position of hair is connected firmly using brakes and clutches, brake B, which is powered, to be engaged, and keeps parking centre wheel solid
It is fixed, guarantee that wheel is fixed by parking planet carrier, is conducive to parking function and quickly carries out.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is gear transmission structure schematic diagram；
The power transmission line figure that Fig. 2 is one grade；
The power transmission line figure that Fig. 3 is two grades；
Fig. 4 is the power transmission line figure of third gear；
Wherein: 1 first centre wheel, 2 first planetary gears, 3 three left gears, 4 second center left gears, 5 three middle gears,
6 second center middle gears, 7 three right gears, 8 second center right gears, 9 driving wheels, 10 driven wheels, 11 third centre wheels, 12
Third sun gear, 13 the third line star-wheels, 14 wheels, C1First clutch, C2Second clutch, C3Third clutch, B brake,
H1First planet carrier, H2Second planet carrier, M motor.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention relates to a kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio, feature is main
By motor M, epicyclic gear train, first clutch C1, second clutch C2, third clutch C3, brake B, 14 and of differential mechanism
Shell composition.
Motor M main shaft passes through key and first planet carrier H1It connects firmly, installation inside motor M.First centre wheel 1 and first
2 external toothing of planetary gear, 4 external toothing of three left gears 3 and the second center left gear, three middle gears 5 and the second center middle gear 6
External toothing, 8 external toothing of three right gears 7 and the second center right gear, first planet carrier H1It is formed and is rotated with the first planetary gear 2
Pair, first planet carrier H1Revolute pair is formed with three left gears 3, three middle gears 5 and three right gears 7 simultaneously；First clutch
Device C1Outer ring is connected firmly with the second center left gear 4, second clutch C2Outer ring is connected firmly with the second center middle gear 6, third clutch
C3Outer ring is connected firmly with the second center right gear 8；First clutch C1Inner ring, second clutch C2Inner ring and third clutch C3It is interior
Circle connects firmly, while connecting firmly with driving wheel 9；Driving wheel 9, driven wheel 10, third centre wheel 11, the second planet carrier H2, the third sun
Wheel 12 and the third line star-wheel 13 constitute differential mechanism.
The working principle of the invention is described as follows:
It is required according to the speed per hour of existing electronic vehicle, and realizes wanting for big transmission ratio to vehicle in conjunction with special road conditions
It asks, the design gear number of teeth is as shown in table 1.
1 number of gear teeth table of table
The executive component of each gear is as shown in table 2.
2 gear shift executive component worksheet of table
Note: "●" indicates to combine in table, and "○" indicates separation；
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and table 2, each shelves transfer route is described as follows:
1. neutral gear (N)
When neutral gear, first clutch C1, second clutch C2With third clutch C3Discrete state, motor M can not at this time
Power is transferred to differential mechanism, vehicle relies on inertia traveling or stationary.
2. drive shift (D)
(1) advance one grade (D1 grades)
As shown in Fig. 2, motor rotates forward, first clutch C1It remains engaged with, second clutch C2Keep separation, third clutch
Device C3Keep separation, the first centre wheel 1, the first planetary gear 2, three left gears 3, the second center left gear 4 and first planet carrier H1
Planetary gear train is formed, motor M output power drives first planet carrier H by motor reel1Rotation, first planet carrier H1Again will
Power passes to the second center left gear 4 of same train, because of first clutch C1It remains engaged with, then power is transmitted to
Power is transmitted to the second planet carrier H by the driving wheel 9 in differential mechanism, driving wheel 92, so that differential mechanism setting in motion, via differential mechanism
Output shaft imparts power to wheel 14.
(2) advance two grades (D2 grades)
As shown in figure 3, motor rotates forward, first clutch C1Keep separation, second clutch C2It remains engaged with, third clutch
Device C3Keep separation, the first centre wheel 1, the first planetary gear 2, three middle gears 5, the second center middle gear 6 and first planet carrier H1
Planetary gear train is formed, motor M output power drives first planet carrier H by motor reel1Rotation, first planet carrier H1Again will
Power passes to the second center middle gear 6 of same train, because of first clutch C2It remains engaged with, then power is transmitted to
Power is transmitted to the second planet carrier H by the driving wheel 9 in differential mechanism, driving wheel 92, so that differential mechanism setting in motion, via differential mechanism
Output shaft imparts power to wheel 14.
(3) advance third gear (D3 grades)
As shown in figure 4, motor rotates forward, first clutch C1Keep separation, second clutch C2Keep separation, third clutch
Device C3It remains engaged with, the first centre wheel 1, the first planetary gear 2, three right gears 7, the second center right gear 8 and first planet carrier H1
Planetary gear train is formed, motor M output power drives first planet carrier H by motor reel1Rotation, first planet carrier H1Again will
Power passes to the second center right gear 8 of same train, because of first clutch C3It remains engaged with, then power is transmitted to
Power is transmitted to the second planet carrier H by the driving wheel 9 in differential mechanism, driving wheel 92, so that differential mechanism setting in motion, via differential mechanism
Output shaft imparts power to wheel 14.
3. gearshift procedure
One grade is changed two grades, by shift change controller by first clutch C1Separation, second clutch C2Engagement forms one
The movement of a new planetary gear train, and first planet carrier H1Still it is used as input power, realizes that the movement of new planetary gear train turns
It changes.
Two grades are changed third gear, by shift change controller by second clutch C2Separation, third clutch C3Engagement forms one
The movement of a new planetary gear train, and first planet carrier H1Still it is used as input power, realizes that the movement of new planetary gear train turns
It changes.
Third gear changes two grades, by shift change controller by third clutch C3Separation, second clutch C2Engagement, from formation
The movement of one new planetary gear train, and first planet carrier H1Still it is used as input power, realizes the movement of new planetary gear train
Conversion.
Two grades are changed one grade, by shift change controller by second clutch C2Separation, first clutch C1Engagement, from formation
The movement of one new planetary gear train, and first planet carrier H1Still it is used as input power, realizes the movement of new planetary gear train
Conversion.
4. parking (P)
When vehicle stopping needs parking, brake B is remained engaged with, and driving wheel 9 cannot rotate, and power cannot be transmitted to differential
Device, to guarantee that wheel 14 can not rotate with lesser torque.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of fast electric automobile gear device of the three of exportable large transmission ratio, it is characterised in that three-speed gearbox is by main body power train
System, three clutch systems, braking system and differential mechanism are constituted；The main body transmission system is single planetary row structure, including first
Centre wheel (1), the first planetary gear (2), three left gears (3), the second center left gear (4), three middle gears (5), in second
Gear (6), three right gears (7), the second center right gear (8) in the heart；First centre wheel (1) and first planetary gear
(2) external toothing, three left gear (3) and second center left gear (4) external toothing, three middle gear (5) with
Second center middle gear (6) external toothing, three right gear (7) and second center right gear (8) external toothing, institute
State first planet carrier (H1) and first planetary gear (2) formation revolute pair；Three left gear (3), tooth in described three
Wheel (5), three right gear (7) connect firmly composition triple gear, and in the first planet carrier (H1) form revolute pair.
2. the three of a kind of exportable large transmission ratio fast electric automobile gear device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Three clutch systems, including first clutch (C1), second clutch (C2), third clutch (C3)；The first clutch
(C1), the second clutch (C2) and the third clutch (C3) it is that left and right is parallel, the first clutch (C1) outer ring
It is connected firmly with second center left gear (4), the second clutch (C2) outer ring and second center middle gear (6) be solid
Connection, the third clutch (C3) outer ring connects firmly with second center right gear (8)；First clutch (the C1) inner ring, institute
State second clutch (C2) inner ring and the third clutch (C3) inner ring connects firmly, while connecting firmly with driving wheel (9).
3. the three of a kind of exportable large transmission ratio fast electric automobile gear device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Braking system, including brake (B), the driving wheel (9)；Brake (B) inner ring and the driving wheel (9) connect firmly, institute
The brake outer ring (B) is stated to connect firmly with shell.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910329935.7A CN110017358A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910329935.7A CN110017358A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN110017358A true CN110017358A (en) | 2019-07-16 |
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ID=67192291
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910329935.7A Pending CN110017358A (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2019-04-23 | A kind of three fast electric automobile gear devices of exportable large transmission ratio |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN110017358A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111677823A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-09-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Gear box is lubricated with three-speed gear pump power pack |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203743329U (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-07-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Transmission provided with double clutches and double countershafts |
| CN104389959A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-03-04 | 西南交通大学 | Secondary transmission |
| CN106945515A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-14 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | A kind of pure electric automobile power device |
-
2019
- 2019-04-23 CN CN201910329935.7A patent/CN110017358A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203743329U (en) * | 2014-03-14 | 2014-07-30 | 合肥工业大学 | Transmission provided with double clutches and double countershafts |
| CN104389959A (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2015-03-04 | 西南交通大学 | Secondary transmission |
| CN104389959B (en) * | 2014-09-18 | 2017-02-22 | 西南交通大学 | Secondary transmission |
| CN106945515A (en) * | 2017-04-14 | 2017-07-14 | 重庆青山工业有限责任公司 | A kind of pure electric automobile power device |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111677823A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-09-18 | 合肥工业大学 | Gear box is lubricated with three-speed gear pump power pack |
| CN111677823B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2024-04-19 | 合肥工业大学 | Gear box lubrication is with three-speed gear pump power pack |
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| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20190716 |
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