CN110017188B - Rocker arm type variable valve device of engine - Google Patents

Rocker arm type variable valve device of engine Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110017188B
CN110017188B CN201910424920.9A CN201910424920A CN110017188B CN 110017188 B CN110017188 B CN 110017188B CN 201910424920 A CN201910424920 A CN 201910424920A CN 110017188 B CN110017188 B CN 110017188B
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China
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
rack shaft
rack
connecting rod
fixedly connected
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CN201910424920.9A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN110017188A (en
Inventor
解方喜
李晓娜
洪伟
刘洪涛
杨野
周思佟
孙博
赵志宏
王斌
石卜从
蓝大舜
马兆壮
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Jilin University
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Jilin University
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Priority to CN201910424920.9A priority Critical patent/CN110017188B/en
Publication of CN110017188A publication Critical patent/CN110017188A/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F01L1/182—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft
    • F01L1/183—Centre pivot rocking arms the rocking arm being pivoted about an individual fulcrum, i.e. not about a common shaft of the boat type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L13/0015—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque
    • F01L13/0021—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations for optimising engine performances by modifying valve lift according to various working parameters, e.g. rotational speed, load, torque by modification of rocker arm ratio
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10—Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L13/00—Modifications of valve-gear to facilitate reversing, braking, starting, changing compression ratio, or other specific operations
    • F01L2013/10—Auxiliary actuators for variable valve timing
    • F01L2013/103—Electric motors

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an engine rocker arm type variable valve device which comprises a cam, a motor, a gear rack transmission, a rocker arm and a connecting rod. The engine rocker arm type variable valve device is fixed on a cylinder cover, when the rotation speed of the engine changes, the motor drives the gear 6 to rotate at a corresponding angle, and the rack 4, the rack shaft 2, the connecting rod 7 and the sliding block 13 are driven to do the same quantitative translational motion, so that the rocker arm ratio of the rocker arm 12 is changed, the continuous variable lift of the valve 19 is realized through the pushing of the cam 15, the problem that the valve lift of the engine cannot be continuously variable under different working conditions is solved, the engine is enabled to fully intake and exhaust under different working conditions, the in-cylinder combustion environment is improved, and the fuel economy and the emission characteristic of the engine are improved.

Description

Rocker arm type variable valve device of engine
Technical Field
The present invention relates to an automobile engine component or apparatus, and more particularly to an engine rocker arm type variable valve device.
Background
The core of the engine miniaturization technology is an exhaust gas turbocharging system, and a gasoline engine directly injects and changes valve timing. The variable valve timing of the engine mainly aims at controlling the opening and closing time, the duration time and the lift of the valve according to the working cycle of each cylinder, so that the combustion process can be improved, the emission of harmful pollutants can be reduced, and the performance of the engine can be improved.
Currently, the engine mainly adopts a cam structure-based variable timing technology and a cam-free variable valve timing technology. The main types are classified into mechanical variable valve timing, electrohydraulic variable valve timing, electric variable valve timing, and electromagnetic variable valve timing. Among them, mechanical and electro-hydraulic variable valve timing techniques are more widely used. The electrohydraulic variable valve timing mechanism has the defects of response lag, high seating speed, large impact force and high cost.
In view of this, it is necessary to develop a variable valve mechanism that is quick in response and simple in structure and is inexpensive, and that realizes continuous variation in valve lift.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an engine rocker arm type valve device capable of realizing continuous variable valve lift, which has the advantages of simple structure and high response speed, and solves the defects in the prior art.
In order to solve the problem, the invention is realized by the following method: the engine rocker arm type variable valve lift device consists of a cylinder cover 1, a rack shaft 2, a rack shaft support a3, a rack 4, a gear shaft 5, a gear 6, a connecting rod 7, a limiting ring table a8, an upper cover plate 9, a limiting ring table b10, a rack shaft support b11, a rocker arm 12, a sliding block 13, a motor support 14, a cam 15, a cam shaft 16, a thrust spring 17, a valve spring 18 and a valve 19.
Wherein the rack shaft support a3, the rack shaft support b11 and the motor support 14 are fixedly connected to the cylinder cover 1 through bolts, and the rack shaft 2 is in sliding connection with round holes formed in the rack shaft support a3 and the rack shaft support b11 through keys; the limiting ring table a8 and the limiting ring table b10 are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rack shaft 2, and the upper cover plate 9 and the connecting rod 7 are arranged between the limiting ring table a8 and the limiting ring table b10 and are connected through bolts; the rack shaft 2 is arranged between the upper cover plate 9 and the connecting rod 7 and is in clearance fit; the rack 4 is fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2, and rectangular teeth on the rack are meshed with the gear 6; the motor is fixedly connected to the motor bracket 14, one end of the gear shaft 5 is connected with the motor, and the other end is fixedly connected with the gear 6.
One end of the sliding block 13 is arranged in the connecting rod groove 7001 and is in sliding fit with the connecting rod groove, and the other end of the sliding block 13 is arranged in the rocker arm groove 1201 and is in sliding fit with the rocker arm groove; the right end of the rocker arm 12 is connected with a thrust spring 17, the left end is always in sliding contact with the rack shaft bracket b11, the left lower end is in sliding contact with the upper end of the valve 19, and the right lower end is in sliding contact with a cam 15 fixedly connected to a cam shaft 16; one end of a thrust spring 17 is fixedly connected to the rocker arm 12, and the other end is fixedly connected to the rack shaft bracket a 3.
The rack 4 is a cylinder, a rack hole 4001 is arranged in the axial direction, the hole axis coincides with the axial line of the rack shaft 2, and the hole axis is in clearance fit with the rack shaft 2; rectangular teeth are arranged at the upper end of the rack 4 and meshed with the gear 6.
One end of the connecting rod 7 is of a Y-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2 through the upper cover plate 9, the limiting ring table a8, the limiting ring table b10 and bolts, and a connecting rod groove 7001 is formed in the other end of the connecting rod and is in sliding fit with the sliding block 13.
The upper end surface of the rocker arm 12 is provided with a rocker arm groove 1201 which is in sliding fit with the slider 13.
The upper half of the slide block 13 is a cube, and the lower half is a hemisphere.
The working process of the device is as follows:
When the engine works, the motor drives the gear shaft 5 to move so as to drive the gear 6 fixedly connected to the gear shaft to rotate, and the rack 4 fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2 is meshed with the gear 6 through rectangular teeth on the rack 4 to perform translational movement and drive the rack shaft 2 to perform synchronous translational movement along the axis direction of the rack shaft; the translational movement of the rack shaft 2 drives the connecting rod 7 fixedly connected with the rack shaft 2 to perform translational movement along the axial direction of the rack shaft 2; the translational movement of the connecting rod 7 drives the sliding block 13 in the connecting rod groove 7001 to do translational movement in the rocker arm groove 1201, so that the fulcrum position of the rocker arm 12 is changed and the front-back movement of the rocker arm 12 can be limited; one end of the rocker arm 12 is connected with a thrust spring 17 fixedly connected with the rack shaft bracket a3, and the other end of the rocker arm is in surface contact with the rack shaft bracket b11, so that the rocker arm 12 is restrained from moving up and down and left and right; the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with a cam 15 fixedly connected to a cam shaft 16, when a protruding part of the cam 15 rotates to be in contact with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 is pushed to swing by taking the position of a sliding block 13 in a rocker arm groove 1201 as a fulcrum, the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with the upper end of a valve 19, and after the pretightening force of a valve spring 18 is overcome, the rocker arm 12 then pushes the valve 19 to be opened; when the maximum protrusion of the cam 15 rotates beyond the contact point with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 swings rotationally about the position of the slider 13 in the rocker arm groove 1201 at this time, and then the closing process of the valve 19 is achieved.
When the working condition of the engine is changed and the lift characteristics of the valve 19 need to be changed, based on a specific judging principle, the motor drives the gear 6 fixedly connected to the gear shaft 5 to rotate by a specified angle, and the rack shaft 2 fixedly connected with the rack 4 is driven by the rack 4 meshed with the gear 6 to perform a certain amount of translational movement in the axial direction of the rack shaft, so that the connecting rod 7 fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2 is driven to perform the translational movement in the same direction and the same step length; since the slider 13 is slidably connected with the link groove 7001, the slider 13 moves up and down in the link groove 7001 by the driving of the link 7, and simultaneously, moves in the rocker arm groove 1201 in the same translational movement as the link 7 along with the movement of the link 7, and at this time, the fulcrum position of the rocker arm 12 changes along with a certain amount of movement change of the slider 13; when the cam 15 moves to the position where the bulge contacts with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 is pushed to swing by taking the position after the change of the sliding block 13 as a fulcrum, and when the rocker arm 12 contacts with the upper end of the valve 19 and overcomes the pretightening force of the valve spring 18, the valve 19 is opened; after the cam 15 rotates to the bulge, the rocker arm 12 realizes a backswing action, and the valve 19 falls back; in the process that the cam 15 rotates along with the cam shaft 16, the motor drives the rocker arm mechanism to change the pivot position according to the working condition of the engine, the motor drives the gear 6 to rotate to different angles, so that the rack 4, the rack shaft 2, the connecting rod 7 and the sliding block 13 are driven to shift by the same quantitative distance, the contact pivot position change of the hemispherical body at the lower end of the sliding block 13 and the rocker arm groove 1201 of the rocker arm 12 is realized, the pivot position of the rocker arm 12 is changed, the rocker arm ratio is changed, the amplitude of the swing of the rocker arm 12 driven by the cam 15 is changed along with the change, and further the continuous coupling change of the lift of the valve 19 is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The invention adopts a mechanical device for continuously changing the valve lift, has sensitive response to the change of the working condition of the engine, is simple and can lighten the quality of the variable valve device.
The rocker arm type variable valve device of the engine adopts a structure that the rocker arm ratio (the ratio of the distance between the left end and the right end of a fulcrum and the ratio of the distance between the left end and the right end of the fulcrum) is continuously variable, and the valve lift is continuously variable by pushing the valve to open through the rocker arms with different rocker arm ratios.
The rocker arm type variable valve device of the engine adopts the gear rack to transmit power, converts the rotation of a motor into translational motion, has quick response and improves the operation reliability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of an engine rocker arm type variable valve device;
Fig. 2 is a front view of a rack shaft 2 employed in the engine rocker arm type variable valve apparatus;
fig. 3 is a front view of a connecting rod 7 employed in the engine rocker arm type variable valve apparatus;
FIG. 4 is a top view of a rocker arm 12 employed in an engine rocker arm type variable valve device;
fig. 5 is a front view of a slider 13 employed in the engine rocker arm type variable valve device;
fig. 6 is a left side view of the rack 4 employed in the engine rocker arm type variable valve apparatus;
In the figure:
The cylinder head 1, the rack shaft 2, the rack shaft bracket a3, the rack 4, the gear shaft 5, the gear 6, the connecting rod 7, the limit ring platform a8, the upper cover plate 9, the limit ring platform b10, the rack shaft bracket b11, the rocker arm 12, the slide block 13, the motor bracket 14, the cam 15, the cam shaft 16, the thrust spring 17, the valve spring 18 and the valve 19.
A link groove 7001, a rocker arm groove 1201, and a rack hole 4001.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the engine rocker arm type variable valve device of the present invention comprises the following structures: the cylinder head 1, the rack shaft 2, the rack shaft bracket a3, the rack 4, the gear shaft 5, the gear 6, the connecting rod 7, the limit ring platform a8, the upper cover plate 9, the limit ring platform b10, the rack shaft bracket b11, the rocker arm 12, the slide block 13, the motor bracket 14, the cam 15, the cam shaft 16, the thrust spring 17, the valve spring 18 and the valve 19.
Referring to fig. 3, 4 and 6, the rocker arm type variable valve device for an engine according to the present invention includes a link groove 7001, a rocker arm groove 1201 and a rack hole 4001.
Referring to fig. 1, 3, 4:
The rack shaft bracket a3, the rack shaft bracket b11 and the motor bracket 14 are fixed on the cylinder cover 1 by two bolts; the motor is fixedly connected to the motor bracket 14, and the power can be transmitted to the gear 6 fixedly connected with the gear shaft 5 through the gear shaft 5 fixedly connected with the motor; the axis of the gear 6 coincides with the axis of the gear shaft 5, and the gear 6 is meshed with rectangular teeth on the rack 4 so as to achieve the purpose of transmitting power to the rack 4; the axis of the rack shaft 2 fixedly connected with the rack 4 is perpendicular to but does not intersect with the axis of the gear shaft 5, and the axis of the rack shaft 2 coincides with the axis of the rack 4, so that the motion reliability is ensured;
The rack shaft 2 is in sliding connection with the rack shaft bracket a3 and the rack shaft bracket b11 through keys, so that the rack shaft is limited to perform translational movement only in the axial direction; the rack shaft 2 is fixedly connected with a limiting ring table a8 and a limiting ring table b10, an upper cover plate 9 and a connecting rod 7 are arranged between the limiting ring table a8 and the limiting ring table b10, two sides of the upper cover plate are respectively provided with a round hole, and the connecting rod 7 is connected with the rack shaft 2 through bolts; the axis of the connecting rod 7 is vertical to the axis of the rack shaft 2 so as to achieve the purpose of changing the direction of power transmission;
The upper end of the sliding block 13 is in sliding fit with the connecting rod groove 7001 of the connecting rod 7, the depth of the connecting rod groove 7001 is larger than the total height of the sliding block 13, interference is avoided, the lower end of the sliding block 13 is in sliding fit with the rocker arm groove 1201, and the position of the sliding block 13 only changes along with the change of the connecting rod 7, so that the front-back movement of the rocker arm 12 is limited, and the force of the connecting rod 7 is reliably transmitted to the rocker arm 12; the left end of the rocker arm 12 is in surface contact with the rack shaft bracket b11, sliding contact is carried out, the right end of the rocker arm 12 is fixedly connected with a thrust spring 17 fixedly connected with a rack shaft bracket a3, the thrust spring 17 has a certain thrust force, the plane of the left end of the rocker arm 12 is pushed to keep sliding contact with the rack shaft bracket b11, the rack shaft bracket b11 generates a reverse thrust force to the rocker arm 12 through the contact surface, the reverse thrust force and the thrust force of the thrust spring 17 jointly ensure that the rocker arm 12 can swing at a fulcrum and cannot move up and down and left and right, the left lower end of the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with the upper end of a valve 19, and the right lower end of the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with a cam 15 fixedly connected with a cam shaft 16;
The valve spring 18 is arranged around the valve 19, a certain pretightening force exists, and when the stress at the upper end of the valve is smaller than the pretightening force of the spring, the valve 19 is driven to return, and vibration and impact energy can be absorbed.
Referring to fig. 2:
the rack shaft 2 is fixedly connected with a limiting ring table a8 and a limiting ring table b10, and an upper cover plate 9 and a connecting rod 7 are arranged between the limiting ring table a8 and the limiting ring table b 10; the left end and the right end of the rack shaft 2 are respectively provided with a key groove, and are respectively connected with the rack shaft bracket a3 and the rack shaft bracket b11 in a sliding way through key connection, so as to provide support for the rack shaft 2 and limit the rack shaft 2 to only do translational movement along the axial direction.
Referring to fig. 3:
The upper end of the connecting rod 7 is of a Y-shaped structure and is connected with the upper cover plate 9 through bolts so as to achieve the aim of fixedly connecting with the rack shaft 2, the middle is of a cylinder structure and is connected with the upper end smoothly, stress concentration is avoided, a square connecting rod groove 7001 is formed in the middle of the bottom surface of the lower end of the cylinder, and the depth of the square connecting rod groove is larger than the height of the sliding block 13.
Referring to fig. 5:
The upper end of the sliding block 13 is a cube which is matched with the square connecting rod groove 7001 of the connecting rod 7 in a sliding way, and the lower end of the sliding block 13 is a hemisphere which is in sliding contact with the rocker arm groove 1201 of the rocker arm 12, so that smooth movement in the rocker arm groove 1201 is ensured.
Referring to fig. 6:
The rack 4 is in a cylindrical shape, and is provided with a rack hole 4001 in the axial line direction and in clearance fit with the rack shaft 2; rectangular teeth are arranged at the upper end of the rack 4 and meshed with a gear 6 to transmit power.
Working principle of engine rocker arm type variable valve:
When the engine works, the motor drives the gear shaft 5 to move so as to drive the gear 6 fixedly connected to the gear shaft to rotate, and the rack 4 fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2 is meshed with the gear 6 through rectangular teeth on the rack 4 to perform translational movement and drive the rack shaft 2 to perform synchronous translational movement along the axis direction of the rack shaft; the translational movement of the rack shaft 2 drives the connecting rod 7 fixedly connected with the rack shaft 2 to perform translational movement along the axial direction of the rack shaft 2; the translational movement of the connecting rod 7 drives the sliding block 13 in the connecting rod groove 7001 to do translational movement in the rocker arm groove 1201, so that the fulcrum position of the rocker arm 12 is changed and the front-back movement of the rocker arm 12 can be limited; one end of the rocker arm 12 is connected with a thrust spring 17 fixedly connected with the rack shaft bracket a3, and the other end of the rocker arm is in surface contact with the rack shaft bracket b11, so that the rocker arm 12 is restrained from moving up and down and left and right; the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with a cam 15 fixedly connected to a cam shaft 16, when a protruding part of the cam 15 rotates to be in contact with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 is pushed to swing by taking the position of a sliding block 13 in a rocker arm groove 1201 as a fulcrum, the rocker arm 12 is in sliding contact with the upper end of a valve 19, and after the pretightening force of a valve spring 18 is overcome, the rocker arm 12 then pushes the valve 19 to be opened; when the maximum protrusion of the cam 15 rotates beyond the contact point with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 swings rotationally about the position of the slider 13 in the rocker arm groove 1201 at this time, and then the closing process of the valve 19 is achieved.
When the working condition of the engine is changed and the lift characteristics of the valve 19 need to be changed, based on a specific judging principle, the motor drives the gear 6 fixedly connected to the gear shaft 5 to rotate by a specified angle, and the rack shaft 2 fixedly connected with the rack 4 is driven by the rack 4 meshed with the gear 6 to perform a certain amount of translational movement in the axial direction of the rack shaft, so that the connecting rod 7 fixedly connected to the rack shaft 2 is driven to perform the translational movement in the same direction and the same step length; since the slider 13 is slidably connected with the link groove 7001, the slider 13 moves up and down in the link groove 7001 by the driving of the link 7, and simultaneously, moves in the rocker arm groove 1201 in the same translational movement as the link 7 along with the movement of the link 7, and at this time, the fulcrum position of the rocker arm 12 changes along with a certain amount of movement change of the slider 13; when the cam 15 moves to the position where the bulge contacts with the rocker arm 12, the rocker arm 12 is pushed to swing by taking the position after the change of the sliding block 13 as a fulcrum, and when the rocker arm 12 contacts with the upper end of the valve 19 and overcomes the pretightening force of the valve spring 18, the valve 19 is opened; after the cam 15 rotates to the bulge, the rocker arm 12 realizes a backswing action, and the valve 19 falls back; in the process that the cam 15 rotates along with the cam shaft 16, the motor drives the rocker arm mechanism to change the pivot position according to the working condition of the engine, the motor drives the gear 6 to rotate to different angles, so that the rack 4, the rack shaft 2, the connecting rod 7 and the sliding block 13 are driven to shift by the same quantitative distance, the contact pivot position change of the hemispherical body at the lower end of the sliding block 13 and the rocker arm groove 1201 of the rocker arm 12 is realized, the pivot position of the rocker arm 12 is changed, the rocker arm ratio is changed, the amplitude of the swing of the rocker arm 12 driven by the cam 15 is changed along with the change, and further the continuous coupling change of the lift of the valve 19 is realized.

Claims (3)

1. The rocker arm type variable valve device of the engine is characterized by comprising a cylinder cover (1), a rack shaft (2), a rack shaft bracket a (3), a rack (4), a gear shaft (5), a gear (6), a connecting rod (7), a limiting ring platform a (8), an upper cover plate (9), a limiting ring platform b (10), a rack shaft bracket b (11), a rocker arm (12), a sliding block (13), a motor bracket (14), a cam (15), a cam shaft (16), a thrust spring (17), a valve spring (18) and a valve (19);
The rack shaft support a (3), the rack shaft support b (11) and the motor support (14) are fixedly connected to the cylinder cover (1) through bolts, and the rack shaft (2) is in sliding connection with round holes formed in the rack shaft support a (3) and the rack shaft support b (11) through keys; the limiting ring table a (8) and the limiting ring table b (10) are fixedly connected to the outer surface of the rack shaft (2), and the upper cover plate (9) and the connecting rod (7) are arranged between the limiting ring table a (8) and the limiting ring table b (10) and are connected through bolts; the rack shaft (2) is arranged between the upper cover plate (9) and the connecting rod (7) in clearance fit; the rack (4) is fixedly connected to the rack shaft (2), and rectangular teeth on the rack are meshed with the gear (6); the motor is fixedly connected to the motor bracket (14), one end of the gear shaft (5) is connected with the motor, and the other end is fixedly connected with the gear (6); one end of the sliding block (13) is arranged in the connecting rod groove (7001) and is in sliding fit with the connecting rod groove, and the other end of the sliding block is arranged in the rocker arm groove (1201) and is in sliding fit with the rocker arm groove; the right end of the rocker arm (12) is connected with a thrust spring (17), the left end of the rocker arm is always in sliding contact with the rack shaft bracket b (11), the left lower end of the rocker arm is in sliding contact with the upper end of the valve (19), and the right lower end of the rocker arm is in sliding contact with a cam (15) fixedly connected to the cam shaft (16); one end of a thrust spring (17) is fixedly connected to the rocker arm (12), and the other end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the rack shaft bracket a (3);
The rack (4) is a cylinder, a rack hole (4001) is arranged in the axial direction, the hole axis is coincident with the axis of the rack shaft (2), and the hole axis is in clearance fit with the rack shaft (2); rectangular teeth are arranged at the upper end of the rack (4) and meshed with the gear (6);
one end of the connecting rod (7) is of a Y-shaped structure and is fixedly connected to the rack shaft (2) through an upper cover plate (9), a limiting ring table a (8), a limiting ring table b (10) and bolts; the other end of the connecting rod (7) is provided with a connecting rod groove (7001) which is in sliding fit with the sliding block (13);
When the engine works, the motor drives the gear shaft (5) to move so as to drive the gear (6) fixedly connected to the gear shaft to rotate, and the rack (4) fixedly connected to the rack shaft (2) is meshed with the gear (6) through rectangular teeth on the rack shaft to perform translational movement and drive the rack shaft (2) to perform synchronous translational movement along the axis direction of the rack shaft; the translational movement of the rack shaft (2) drives a connecting rod (7) fixedly connected with the rack shaft (2) to perform translational movement along the axis direction of the rack shaft (2); the translational movement of the connecting rod (7) drives the sliding block (13) in the connecting rod groove (7001) to do translational movement in the rocker arm groove (1201), so that the fulcrum position of the rocker arm (12) is changed and the front-back movement of the rocker arm (12) can be limited; one end of the rocker arm (12) is connected with a thrust spring (17) fixedly connected with the rack shaft bracket a (3), and the other end of the rocker arm is in surface contact with the rack shaft bracket b (11), so that the movement of the rocker arm (12) up, down, left and right is restrained; the rocker arm (12) is in sliding contact with a cam (15) fixedly connected to the cam shaft (16), when the protruding part of the cam (15) rotates to be in contact with the rocker arm (12), the rocker arm (12) is pushed to swing by taking the position of the sliding block (13) in the rocker arm groove (1201) as a fulcrum, the rocker arm (12) is in sliding contact with the upper end of the valve (19), and after the pretightening force of the valve spring (18) is overcome, the rocker arm (12) then pushes the valve (19) to be opened; when the maximum bulge of the cam (15) rotates past the contact point with the rocker arm (12), the rocker arm (12) rotates and swings by taking the position of the sliding block (13) in the rocker arm groove (1201) as a fulcrum, and then the closing process of the valve (19) is realized;
when the working condition of the engine is changed and the lift characteristics of the air valve (19) need to be changed, based on a judgment principle, a motor drives a gear (6) fixedly connected to a gear shaft (5) to rotate by a specified angle, and a rack shaft (2) fixedly connected with the rack (4) is driven to perform a certain amount of translational motion in the axial direction of the rack shaft by virtue of a rack (4) meshed with the gear (6), so that a connecting rod (7) fixedly connected to the rack shaft (2) is driven to perform the translational motion in the same direction and the same step length; because the sliding block (13) is in sliding connection with the connecting rod groove (7001), the sliding block (13) moves up and down in the connecting rod groove (7001) by the driving of the connecting rod (7), and simultaneously moves in the rocker arm groove (1201) in the same translational motion as the connecting rod (7) along with the movement of the connecting rod (7), and at the moment, the fulcrum position of the rocker arm (12) changes along with a certain amount of movement change of the sliding block (13); when the cam (15) moves to the position where the bulge contacts with the rocker arm (12), the rocker arm (12) is pushed to swing by taking the position after the change of the sliding block (13) as a fulcrum, and after the rocker arm (12) contacts with the upper end of the valve (19) and overcomes the pretightening force of the valve spring (18), the valve (19) is opened; after the cam (15) rotates to the bulge, the rocker arm (12) realizes a backswing action, and the valve (19) falls back; in the process that the cam (15) rotates along with the cam shaft (16), the rocker arm mechanism is driven by the motor again to change the pivot position according to the working condition of the engine, the motor drives the gear (6) to rotate to different angles, so that the rack (4), the rack shaft (2), the connecting rod (7) and the sliding block (13) are driven to translate by the same quantitative distance, the contact pivot position change of the hemispheroids at the lower end of the sliding block (13) and the rocker arm grooves (1201) of the rocker arms (12) is realized, the pivot position of the rocker arms (12) is changed, the rocker arm ratio is changed, the swing amplitude of the rocker arms (12) is driven by the cam (15) is changed along with the change, and further the continuous coupling change of the lift of the valve (19) is realized.
2. A rocker arm type variable valve device for an engine according to claim 1, wherein the rocker arm (12) has a rocker arm groove (1201) provided on an upper end surface thereof, and slidably engaged with the slider (13).
3. A rocker arm type variable valve device for an engine according to claim 1, wherein the upper half of the slider (13) is a cube and the lower half is a hemisphere.
CN201910424920.9A 2019-05-21 2019-05-21 Rocker arm type variable valve device of engine Active CN110017188B (en)

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