CN110017101B - Drilling inclination adjustable drilling method without drilling tower - Google Patents
Drilling inclination adjustable drilling method without drilling tower Download PDFInfo
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- CN110017101B CN110017101B CN201910437179.XA CN201910437179A CN110017101B CN 110017101 B CN110017101 B CN 110017101B CN 201910437179 A CN201910437179 A CN 201910437179A CN 110017101 B CN110017101 B CN 110017101B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 161
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011900 installation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B25/00—Apparatus for obtaining or removing undisturbed cores, e.g. core barrels or core extractors
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
A drilling tower-free drilling method with adjustable drilling inclination is based on a core drilling machine, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body, a power device, a winch, a gearbox, a vertical shaft shell and a vertical shaft; the drilling steps are as follows: 1, early installation work; 2, installing a guide wheel A and a guide wheel B; 3, starting drilling; 4, tripping the drill; 5, adding a new drill rod; 6, drilling down; 7, completing the connection of a new drill rod; and 8, starting the drilling again. The invention utilizes the two guide wheels to change the pulling force (drill-out) direction or the pushing force (drill-down) direction of the steel wire rope, overcomes the defect that the traditional core drilling machine cannot smoothly drill down and drill up when the drilling inclination is overlarge, realizes high-efficiency drilling at any angle between 0 and 90 degrees (namely, completely horizontal to completely vertical), and has wide market application prospect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a geological drilling method, in particular to a drilling-slope-adjustable drilling method without a drilling tower.
Background
Geological and mineral exploration and engineering geological exploration are usually completed by adopting a core drilling machine, and inclined hole drilling problems can be encountered in the actual operation process.
When the existing core drilling machine is installed and used, firstly, the drilling position needs to be determined, the field is leveled, the drilling tower is assembled, a crown block pulley of the drilling tower is positioned above the central line of the drilling hole, and then the vertical shaft of the drilling machine is adjusted to be aligned with the hole position. If the technical requirement of drilling inclined holes is met, drilling can be performed only after the angle of the vertical shaft is adjusted and fixed within 30 degrees (namely, the adjustment amount based on the vertical line is +/-30 degrees), if the adjustment angle of the vertical shaft exceeds 30 degrees, the drilling-down and drilling-up processes can be blocked, and the adjustment angle of 30 degrees cannot meet the geological exploration requirement under all scenes.
In order to solve the problem that the drilling angle of the conventional drilling machine is small in adjustment amount, a crawler-type truck-mounted drilling machine is researched and developed in the industry, and is characterized in that a drilling tower can be adjusted within 45 degrees (namely, the adjustment amount based on a vertical line is +/-45 degrees). At present, exploration tasks with special requirements such as geological prospecting, mountain-crossing expressways, railway tunnels and the like are usually performed on steep mountains, but the maximum climbing angle of the crawler-type vehicle-mounted drilling machine is only 30 degrees, the crawler-type vehicle-mounted drilling machine is not suitable for mountain operation and is difficult to enter a drilling position, the selling price of the crawler-type vehicle-mounted drilling machine is usually more than 10 times that of a common rock core drilling machine, and the application and popularization of the crawler-type vehicle-mounted drilling machine are greatly restricted.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a drilling method with adjustable drilling inclination without a drilling tower, which is based on a common core drilling machine to drill, realizes the adjustment of the drilling angle between 0-90 degrees (namely, completely horizontal to completely vertical) and solves the problem that the existing crawler-type vehicle-mounted drilling machine is not suitable for operation in mountainous regions.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a drilling tower-free drilling method with adjustable drilling inclination is based on a core drilling machine, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body, a power device, a winch, a gearbox, a vertical shaft shell and a vertical shaft; the power device, the winch and the gearbox are fixedly arranged on the drilling machine body, a steel wire rope is wound on the winch, the tail end of the steel wire rope is connected with the elevator, the vertical shaft shell is detachably connected to the drilling machine body, the included angle between the vertical shaft shell and the horizontal plane can be adjusted within the range of 0-360 degrees, the vertical shaft is arranged in the vertical shaft shell, and the adjustment of the included angle between the vertical shaft and the horizontal plane can be realized by adjusting the included angle between the vertical shaft shell and the horizontal plane; the power generated by the power device is transmitted to the vertical shaft through the gearbox so as to drive the vertical shaft to rotate;
the drilling steps are as follows:
s01, early-stage installation:
a, determining the installation position of a core drilling machine according to the drilling angle and the drilling point required by design, firmly installing the core drilling machine on the ground which is poured by concrete and is embedded with an anchoring screw, and adjusting the angle of a vertical shaft to the angle required by design;
b, arranging a positioning foundation at a drilling point required by design;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence;
s02, installing a guide wheel A and a guide wheel B:
determining the position of an orifice on a positioning foundation according to the drilling angle and the installation position of a core drilling machine required by design, and then fixedly installing a guide wheel A beside the orifice;
b, installing a guide wheel B behind the vertical shaft, and ensuring that the position and the height of the guide wheel B are positioned on the extension line of the center line of the orifice;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence;
in the step, the guide wheel A and the orifice are at the same horizontal height and 20-40 cm away from the orifice;
and S03, starting drilling: placing an active drill rod into the vertical shaft with the adjusted angle, connecting the front end of the active drill rod with a drilling tool, connecting the rear end of the active drill rod with an elevator, and then starting drilling to form an orifice on a positioning foundation;
s04, tripping: after the drill reaches the current maximum depth, a new drill rod needs to be added after the drill is pulled out; suspending drilling, detaching the elevator from the rear end of the active drill rod, connecting the elevator to the rear end of the active drill rod again after the steel wire rope bypasses the guide wheel B, starting the winch to tighten the steel wire rope, and pulling the active drill rod out of the orifice;
s05, adding a new drill rod: temporarily fixing the drilling tool at the hole by adopting a slip, disconnecting the connection between the active drilling rod and the drilling tool and the connection between the elevator and the active drilling rod, retreating the active drilling rod to one side through a guide rail on a drilling machine body, and connecting the front end of a newly added section of drilling rod with the rear end of the drilling tool (at the moment, the rear end of the drilling tool is positioned at the hole);
s06, drilling: after the steel wire rope bypasses the guide wheel A, the elevator is connected to the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod, then a slip for temporarily fixing the drilling tool is loosened, the winch is started to tighten the steel wire rope, the newly added section of drill rod is pushed into the hole, and the slip is used for temporarily fixing the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod in the hole;
and S07, completing connection of a new drill rod: moving the driving drill rod back through a guide rail on a drilling machine body to enable the driving drill rod to be located at a position where the driving drill rod is in butt joint with a newly added section of drill rod, then taking down an elevator from the newly added section of drill rod, taking down a steel wire rope from a guide wheel A, connecting the steel wire rope to the rear end of the driving drill rod, connecting the front end of the driving drill rod with the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod, and then loosening a slip;
and S08, starting the drilling again until the current maximum drilling depth is reached, then repeating the steps S04-S07 to gradually drill deeply, and finally reaching the designed drilling position.
The further technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in step S02, guide wheel B was installed 3.5m behind the vertical shaft and guide wheel a was installed 30cm from the opening.
The invention further adopts the technical scheme that: in step a of step 01, a bracket for holding the rear end of the kelly is mounted on the ground behind the vertical shaft, and the kelly is slidable within the bracket.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the core drilling machine with low cost is combined with the drilling method without the drilling tower with adjustable drilling inclination, and the pulling force (drill-out) direction or the pushing force (drill-down) direction of the steel wire rope is changed by utilizing the two guide wheels (namely the guide wheel A and the guide wheel B), so that the defect that the traditional core drilling machine cannot smoothly drill down and drill up when the drilling inclination is too large is overcome, the efficient drilling is realized at any angle between 0 and 90 degrees (namely completely horizontal to completely vertical), and the core drilling machine has wide market application prospect.
2. All components of the core drilling machine can be independently disassembled and assembled, so that the core drilling machine is convenient for automobiles or other vehicles and even manual carrying, and can be applied to geological exploration of steep mountains, geological prospecting, mountain-crossing expressways, railway tunnels and the like which need large inclination and even horizontal drilling.
3. Compared with the existing drilling method, the installation process is more convenient, and the adjustable angle of the inclined hole drilling is greatly improved.
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S01 according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S02 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S03 according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S04 according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S05 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S06 according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a state of step S07 according to the present invention;
description of the drawings: fig. 4-7 are top views.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-7, the drilling method of the non-drilling tower with adjustable drilling inclination is based on a core drilling machine, and the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body 11, a power device, a winch 12, a gearbox, a vertical shaft shell 13 and a vertical shaft 14. The power device, the winch 12 and the gearbox are fixedly installed on the drilling machine body 11, a steel wire rope 121 is wound on the winch 12, the tail end of the steel wire rope 121 is connected with an elevator 122, the vertical shaft shell 13 is detachably connected on the drilling machine body 11, the included angle between the vertical shaft shell 13 and the horizontal plane can be adjusted within 0-360 degrees, the vertical shaft 14 is installed in the vertical shaft shell 13, and the adjustment of the included angle between the vertical shaft 14 and the horizontal plane can be achieved by adjusting the included angle between the vertical shaft shell 13 and the horizontal plane. Power generated by the power plant is transferred through the gearbox to the vertical shaft 14 to drive the vertical shaft 14 to rotate.
The drilling steps are as follows:
s01, early-stage installation:
a, determining the installation position of a core drilling machine according to the drilling angle and the drilling point required by design, firmly installing the core drilling machine on the ground in which concrete is poured and an anchoring screw is embedded, and adjusting the angle of a vertical shaft 14 to the angle required by design;
b, arranging a positioning foundation 2 at a drilling point required by design, wherein the positioning foundation 2 is a poured concrete wall;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence.
S02, mounting a guide wheel A31 and a guide wheel B32:
a, determining the position of an opening on a positioning foundation according to the drilling angle and the installation position of a core drilling machine required by design, and then fixedly installing a guide wheel A31 beside the opening;
b, a guide wheel B32 is arranged behind the vertical shaft, and the position and the height of the guide wheel B32 are ensured to be positioned on the extension line of the orifice center line 211;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence;
in the step, the guide wheel A31 and the orifice are at the same horizontal height and 20-40 cm away from the orifice.
And S03, starting drilling: the drill string 15 is placed in the angled vertical shaft 14, the front end of the drill string 15 is connected to the drilling tool 16, the rear end of the drill string 15 is connected to the elevator 122, and drilling is initiated to form the opening 21 in the positioning substrate 2.
S04, tripping: after the drill reaches the current maximum depth, a new drill rod needs to be added after the drill is pulled out; drilling is halted by removing the elevator 122 from the rear end of the kelly 15, then passing the wireline 121 around the guide wheel B32, connecting the elevator 122 to the rear end of the kelly 15 again, and then activating the hoist 12 to pull the wireline 121 taut and the kelly 15 out of the opening 21.
S05, adding a new drill rod: the drilling tool 16 is temporarily fixed at the opening 21 by using the slips 4, then the connection between the active drill pipe 15 and the drilling tool 16 and the connection between the elevator 122 and the active drill pipe 15 are disconnected, then the active drill pipe 15 is retreated to one side through a guide rail on the drilling machine body 11, and the front end of the newly added section of drill pipe 17 is connected with the rear end of the drilling tool 16 (at the moment, the rear end of the drilling tool 16 is positioned at the opening 21).
S06, drilling: after the wireline 121 is passed around the guide wheel a31, the elevator 122 is connected to the rear end of the newly added section of drill pipe 17, the slips 4 for temporarily holding the drilling tool 16 are then released, the winch 12 is activated to pull the wireline 121 tight, the newly added section of drill pipe 17 is pushed into the opening 21, and the rear end of the newly added section of drill pipe is temporarily held in the opening 21 by the slips 4.
And S07, completing connection of a new drill rod: the kelly 15 is moved back through the guide rails on the rig body 11 to be in abutting engagement with the newly added section of drill pipe 17, the elevator 122 is then removed from the newly added section of drill pipe 17, the wireline 111 is removed from the guide wheel a31 and attached to the back end of the kelly 15, the front end of the kelly 15 is then attached to the back end of the newly added section of drill pipe 17, and the slips 4 are released.
And S08, starting the drilling again until the current maximum drilling depth is reached, then repeating the steps S04-S07 to gradually drill deeply, and finally reaching the designed drilling position.
Preferably, in step S02, guide wheel B32 is installed 3.5m behind the vertical shaft 14 and guide wheel a31 is installed 30cm from the opening.
Preferably, in the sub-step a of the step S01, a bracket 5 for holding the rear end of the kelly 15 is installed on the ground behind the vertical shaft 14 (the rear refers to the direction opposite to the drilling direction), and the kelly 15 can slide in the bracket 5. The carriage 5 may maintain the stability of the kelly 15 and prevent the kelly 15 from wobbling.
Claims (3)
1. A drilling tower-free drilling method with adjustable drilling inclination is based on a core drilling machine, wherein the core drilling machine comprises a drilling machine body, a power device, a winch, a gearbox, a vertical shaft shell and a vertical shaft; the power device, the winch and the gearbox are fixedly arranged on the drilling machine body, a steel wire rope is wound on the winch, the tail end of the steel wire rope is connected with the elevator, the vertical shaft shell is detachably connected to the drilling machine body, the included angle between the vertical shaft shell and the horizontal plane can be adjusted within the range of 0-360 degrees, the vertical shaft is arranged in the vertical shaft shell, and the adjustment of the included angle between the vertical shaft and the horizontal plane can be realized by adjusting the included angle between the vertical shaft shell and the horizontal plane; the power generated by the power device is transmitted to the vertical shaft through the gearbox so as to drive the vertical shaft to rotate;
it is characterized in that the drilling steps are as follows:
s01, early-stage installation:
a, determining the installation position of a core drilling machine according to the drilling angle and the drilling point required by design, firmly installing the core drilling machine on the ground, and adjusting the angle of a vertical shaft to the angle required by the design;
b, arranging a positioning foundation at a drilling point required by design;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence;
s02, installing a guide wheel A and a guide wheel B:
determining the position of an orifice on a positioning foundation according to the drilling angle and the installation position of a core drilling machine required by design, and then fixedly installing a guide wheel A beside the orifice;
b, installing a guide wheel B behind the vertical shaft, and ensuring that the position and the height of the guide wheel B are positioned on the extension line of the center line of the orifice;
in the step, the steps a and b are not in sequence;
in the step, the guide wheel A and the orifice are at the same horizontal height and 20-40 cm away from the orifice;
and S03, starting drilling: placing an active drill rod into the vertical shaft with the adjusted angle, connecting the front end of the active drill rod with a drilling tool, connecting the rear end of the active drill rod with an elevator, and then starting drilling to form an orifice on a positioning foundation;
s04, tripping: after the drill reaches the current maximum depth, a new drill rod needs to be added after the drill is pulled out; suspending drilling, detaching the elevator from the rear end of the active drill rod, connecting the elevator to the rear end of the active drill rod again after the steel wire rope bypasses the guide wheel B, starting the winch to tighten the steel wire rope, and pulling the active drill rod out of the orifice;
s05, adding a new drill rod: the method comprises the following steps of (1) temporarily fixing a drilling tool at an orifice by adopting a slip, disconnecting a driving drill rod from the drilling tool and connecting an elevator with the driving drill rod, retreating the driving drill rod to one side through a guide rail on a drilling machine body, and connecting the front end of a newly added section of drill rod with the rear end of the drilling tool;
s06, drilling: after the steel wire rope bypasses the guide wheel A, the elevator is connected to the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod, then a slip for temporarily fixing the drilling tool is loosened, the winch is started to tighten the steel wire rope, the newly added section of drill rod is pushed into the hole, and the slip is used for temporarily fixing the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod in the hole;
and S07, completing connection of a new drill rod: moving the driving drill rod back through a guide rail on a drilling machine body to enable the driving drill rod to be located at a position where the driving drill rod is in butt joint with a newly added section of drill rod, then taking down an elevator from the newly added section of drill rod, taking down a steel wire rope from a guide wheel A, connecting the steel wire rope to the rear end of the driving drill rod, connecting the front end of the driving drill rod with the rear end of the newly added section of drill rod, and then loosening a slip;
and S08, starting the drilling again until the current maximum drilling depth is reached, then repeating the steps S04-S07 to gradually drill deeply, and finally reaching the designed drilling position.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein the drilling slope is adjustable for derrick-less drilling, the method comprising: in step S02, guide wheel B was installed 3.5m behind the vertical shaft and guide wheel a was installed 30cm from the opening.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein the drilling slope is adjustable for derrick-less drilling, the method comprising: in step a of step S01, a cradle for holding the rear end of the kelly is mounted on the ground behind the vertical shaft, and the kelly is slidable within the cradle.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910437179.XA CN110017101B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Drilling inclination adjustable drilling method without drilling tower |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910437179.XA CN110017101B (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Drilling inclination adjustable drilling method without drilling tower |
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| CN110017101B true CN110017101B (en) | 2020-08-21 |
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| CN111140188A (en) * | 2020-01-07 | 2020-05-12 | 朱永国 | Adjustable orifice guard plate applied to solid prospecting inclined hole |
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| CN108505961A (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2018-09-07 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Tunnel rock-core borer and application method |
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- 2019-05-24 CN CN201910437179.XA patent/CN110017101B/en active Active
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| CN201972597U (en) * | 2011-03-16 | 2011-09-14 | 衡阳中地装备探矿工程机械有限公司 | Tower crane and crawler belt integrated core drilling rig with drill tower arranged on front side thereof |
| CN204591125U (en) * | 2015-05-10 | 2015-08-26 | 杨柳清 | A kind of can the rig of percussion drilling |
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