CN110016743A - 一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,涉及复合材料技术领域。本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及复合材料技术领域,特别涉及一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
国内碳纤维、芳纶纤维等高性能纤维的性能、品质普遍较低,而高品质芳纶、碳纤维严重依赖进口且价格高昂,导致以芳纶、碳纤维等高性能纤维为纤维原材的机织织物、无纬布等增强织物材料在复合织物材料中的应用无法普及。
为了制备得到成本较低,性能高效的增强型织物材料,人们尝试了大量纤维用于增强型织物材料的制备,以期高品质、高性能增强织物材料能够更好地进行普及。我国是高性能玻璃纤维自主生产大国,玻璃纤维性价比高,因此常用于替代芳纶、碳纤维等高性能纤维在增强型织物材料的应用。
在实现本发明的过程中,发明人发现相关技术至少存在以下问题:
相关技术提供的增强型复合织物材料往往使用大量玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维,但玻璃纤维脆而硬、耐磨差。且玻璃/玄武岩增强型复合织物材料在实际应用中存在:1)玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维等是高密度无机纤维,以玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维多轴向缝编织物为增强面层的增强型复合织物材料自重很高,与增强型复合织物材料的轻量化理念相悖;2)在增强型复合织物材料制备工艺工程中,玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维多轴向缝编织物的翻边贴合效果差;3实际应用生产中,玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维极脆易断成微细纤维,工人奇痒无比及带来各种身体疾病。
发明内容
针对相关技术存在的上述问题,本发明提供了一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,用以解决现有增强型复合织物材料的制备成本较高、综合性能较低、对用户的安全保障性差的技术问题。本发明的技术方案如下:
根据本发明实施例的第一个方面,提供一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法,所述方法包括:
一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱;
以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻纤维与间位芳纶纤维按1:1~1:0.5克重比例进行共混得到共混短纤维;
以所述共混短纤维为纤维原材,结合针刺工艺技术及后道整理,经过开松、梳理、交叉铺网、预针刺、针刺、后道复合整理工序后,得到大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡,将所述大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡确定为中间层材料。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡确定为中间层材料。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡;
以30-100tex的低捻单股或双股无碱玻璃纤维纱为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的玻璃纤维机织格子布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述玻璃纤维机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡;
以150-500D的高强涤纶长丝为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的高强涤纶机织格子布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述高强涤纶机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶并线纱的制备方法包括:
将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线;
将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
根据本发明实施例的第二个方面,提供一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,其特征在于,所述大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料由上述任意所述的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料制备得到,所述大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料由上至下依次包括大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱、中间层材料和大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
与现有技术相比,本发明提供的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法具有以下优点:
本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
附图说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本发明的实施例,并于说明书一起用于解释本发明的原理。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图。
图3是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的示意图。
图4是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的再一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图。
图6是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图。
图8是根据一示例性实施例示出的再一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图。
图9是根据一示例性实施例示出的还一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图。
图10是根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图。
图11是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种真空灌注成型工艺技术的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是根据一示例性实施例示出的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图,如图1所示,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法包括:
步骤101:采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
步骤102:以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布。
步骤103:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
需要说明的是,该中间层材料的制备材料包括大麻、高强涤纶中的至少一种。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
其中,本发明实施例制备得到的大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布可作为皮划艇、赛艇、轨道交通车体、风电叶片等的蜂窝芯材夹层复合结构材料的纤维织物增强面层材料。同时,大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布还可作为划桨、脚踏板、船体踏板等模压成型复合结构材料、热层压成型复合面板等的纤维增强材料。
本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中,原材料的获取较为方便,且成本较为低廉,其织物结构使得产品的强度较高,综合性能较强。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
需要说明的是,本发明实施例提供的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中,由于大麻纤维耐腐蚀性强,因此产品还能够作为在海洋腐蚀性环境、雨淋日晒室外等环境中使用的复合结构材料的纤维增强织物的纤维原材。
图2是根据一示例性实施例示出的另一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图,如图2所示,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法包括:
步骤201:将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线。
步骤202:将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
步骤203:采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
在一个优选的实施例中,该大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的示意图可以如图3所示,在图3中,A为大麻纤维纱线,B为500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱,C为250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱。
步骤204:以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布。
步骤205:将大麻纤维与间位芳纶纤维按1:1~1:0.5克重比例进行共混得到共混短纤维。
步骤206:以所述共混短纤维为纤维原材,结合针刺工艺技术及后道整理,经过开松、梳理、交叉铺网、预针刺、针刺、后道复合整理工序后,得到大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡,将所述大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡确定为中间层材料。
步骤207:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
在本发明实施例中,大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图如图4所示。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
其中,本发明实施例制备得到的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料可作为,以轻木、PVC泡沫、PET泡沫、芳纶蜂窝等为芯材,不饱和、乙烯基、环氧等为树脂基体,真空灌注成型工艺技术制成的游艇、高速列车、风电叶片、航空航天等领域的轻量型夹层复合结构体材料。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
图5是根据一示例性实施例示出的再一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图,如图5所示,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法包括:
步骤501:将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线。
步骤502:将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
步骤503:采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
步骤504:以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布。
步骤505:将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡确定为中间层材料。
步骤506:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
在本发明实施例中,大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图如图6所示。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
其中,本发明实施例制备得到的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料可作为,,以轻木、PVC泡沫、PET泡沫、芳纶纸蜂窝等为芯材,不饱和树脂、乙烯基、环氧等为树脂基体,真空灌注成型工艺技术制成的游艇、高速列车、风电叶片、航空航天等领域的轻量型夹层复合结构体材料。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
图7是根据一示例性实施例示出的又一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图,如图7所示,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法包括:
步骤701:将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线。
步骤702:将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
步骤703:采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
步骤704:以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布。
步骤705:将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡。
步骤706:以30-100tex的低捻单股或双股无碱玻璃纤维纱为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的玻璃纤维机织格子布。
步骤707:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述玻璃纤维机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
步骤708:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
在本发明实施例中,大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图如图8所示。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
其中,本发明实施例制备得到的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料可作为,,以轻木、PVC泡沫、PET泡沫、芳纶纸蜂窝等为芯材,不饱和树脂、乙烯基、环氧等为树脂基体,真空灌注成型工艺技术制成的游艇、高速列车、风电叶片、航空航天等领域的轻量型夹层复合结构体材料。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
图9是根据一示例性实施例示出的还一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法的方法流程图,如图9所示,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法包括:
步骤901:将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线。
步骤902:将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
步骤903:采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
步骤904:以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布。
步骤905:将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡。
步骤906:以150-500D的高强涤纶长丝为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的高强涤纶机织格子布。
步骤907:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述高强涤纶机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
步骤908:按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
在本发明实施例中,大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的结构示意图如图10所示。
在一个优选的实施例中,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
在一个优选的实施例中,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
其中,本发明实施例制备得到的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料可作为,,以轻木、PVC泡沫、PET泡沫、芳纶纸蜂窝等为芯材,不饱和树脂、乙烯基、环氧等为树脂基体,真空灌注成型工艺技术制成的游艇、高速列车、风电叶片、航空航天等领域的轻量型夹层复合结构体材料。
需要说明的是,在一种可能的实施方式中,真空灌注成型工艺技术的示意图可以如图11所示。在图11中,a为树脂、b为模具、c为真空袋、d为增强材料、e为密封条、f为真空泵。
综上所述,本发明提供的一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料及其制备方法,通过将大麻纤维纱线和高强涤纶长丝纱线并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱,并以高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱,以大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为上下层与中间层材料共同铺放缝编加固得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,该大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料中大麻和高强涤纶均属于低密度轻柔体纤维,构成的增强型复合织物材料具备轻量化、异型结构弯曲贴合效果优秀的技术效果,此外,独特的织物结构克服了大麻短纤纱拉伸强度低、高强涤纶长丝纱与热固性树脂浸润性差的缺点,可充分发挥大麻纤维与热固性树脂浸润性好、高强涤纶长丝纱强度性能好的优点。
虽然,前文已经用一般性说明、具体实施方式及试验,对本发明做了详尽的描述,但在本发明基础上,可以对之进行修改或改进,这对本领域技术人员而言是显而易见的。因此,在不偏离本发明精神的基础上所做的这些修改或改进,均属于本发明要求保护的范围。
本领域技术人员在考虑说明书及实践这里的发明的后,将容易想到本发明的其它实施方案。本发明旨在涵盖本发明的任何变型、用途或者适应性变化,这些变型、用途或者适应性变化遵循本发明的一般性原理并包括本发明未公开的本技术领域中的公知常识或惯用技术手段。应当理解的是,本发明并不局限于上面已经描述并在附图中示出的精确结构,并且可以在不脱离其范围进行各种修改和改变。
Claims (9)
1.一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
采用机包包覆机设备,以大麻/高强涤纶并线纱为芯纱,250-500D的高强涤纶长丝细纱为包覆纱进行包覆,制备得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱;
以所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱为经纬纱线,以剑杆织机为织造设备,按80-150根/10cm的经纬密度,织造得到大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布、中间层材料、所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱机织布进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻纤维与间位芳纶纤维按1:1~1:0.5克重比例进行共混得到共混短纤维;
以所述共混短纤维为纤维原材,结合针刺工艺技术及后道整理,经过开松、梳理、交叉铺网、预针刺、针刺、后道复合整理工序后,得到大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡,将所述大麻/芳纶共混短纤针刺毡确定为中间层材料。
3.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡确定为中间层材料。
4.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡;
以30-100tex的低捻单股或双股无碱玻璃纤维纱为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的玻璃纤维机织格子布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述玻璃纤维机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述玻纤基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
5.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述中间层材料的制备方法包括:
将大麻粗丝裁切成50mm长的短切粗丝,经过黏胶、缝编工序进行固定处理后,得到大麻粗丝短切毡;
以150-500D的高强涤纶长丝为纱线原材,织造得到25-50根/10cm经纬密度的高强涤纶机织格子布;
按照由上至下的顺序,将所述大麻粗丝短切毡、所述高强涤纶机织格子布、所述大麻粗丝短切毡进行重叠铺放后,共同送入缝编区进行缝编加固,得到高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡,将所述高强涤纶基布增强大麻粗丝缝编短切毡确定为中间层材料。
6.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述大麻/高强涤纶并线纱的制备方法包括:
将大麻短纤维经过开松、除杂、梳理、粗条、牵伸、加捻、细纱、并线加捻工艺后,制备得到36-18NM的大麻纤维纱线;
将所述大麻纤维纱线进行上浆工艺处理后,与500-1000D的高强涤纶长丝纱进行并线得到大麻/高强涤纶并线纱。
7.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱的单层包覆捻度250-500T/M。
8.根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,缝编加固工序采用的缝线材料为涤纶长丝细纱。
9.一种大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料,其特征在于,所述大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料由权利要求1-8任意所述的大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料制备得到,所述大麻/高强涤纶增强型复合织物材料由上至下依次包括大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱、中间层材料和大麻/高强涤纶复合包覆纱。
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