CN110015756A - A denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device and process - Google Patents
A denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device and process Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001471 micro-filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims 8
- 238000012279 drainage procedure Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000037 Polyproline Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 claims 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001205 polyphosphate Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011176 polyphosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 abstract description 21
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia nh3 Chemical compound N.N XKMRRTOUMJRJIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012851 eutrophication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[N] Chemical compound [C].[N] CKUAXEQHGKSLHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXBAVRIYDKLCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[P] Chemical compound [C].[P] JXBAVRIYDKLCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[NH6+3] MMDJDBSEMBIJBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005374 membrane filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009285 membrane fouling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/302—Nitrification and denitrification treatment
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- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
- C02F3/308—Biological phosphorus removal
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/14—Maintenance of water treatment installations
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Abstract
本发明属于污水生物处理领域,具体涉及一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置。所述装置包括依次连通的进水池、厌氧池、中沉池、好氧池和缺氧池;厌氧池内设有搅拌装置;中沉池的底部出口通过污泥超越管路与缺氧池的底部入口相连;好氧池内设有填料和曝气装置;缺氧池中设有MBR膜组件,缺氧池底部出口连接有污泥处理管路,污泥处理管路的出口分为两个支路,其中一个支路通过污泥回流管路与厌氧池的底部相连接,另一支路与剩余污泥管路相连接;膜组件的排水端与排水管路相连接。本发明的技术方案,解决了现有固液分离效果不佳,构筑物数目多,工艺流程冗长,反应效率低、系统控制复杂,出水不连续、运行能耗高、膜污染难以控制等的问题。
The invention belongs to the field of sewage biological treatment, and in particular relates to a denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device. The device comprises an inlet pool, an anaerobic pool, a middle sedimentation pool, an aerobic pool and an anoxic pool which are connected in sequence; a stirring device is arranged in the anaerobic pool; the bottom outlet of the middle sedimentation pool passes through the sludge overrunning pipeline and the anoxic pool. The bottom inlet of the anoxic tank is connected with the bottom inlet; the aerobic tank is equipped with a filler and aeration device; the anoxic tank is equipped with an MBR membrane module, the bottom outlet of the anoxic tank is connected with a sludge treatment pipeline, and the sludge treatment pipeline outlet is divided into two Branches, one of which is connected with the bottom of the anaerobic tank through the sludge return pipeline, and the other branch is connected with the excess sludge pipeline; the drainage end of the membrane module is connected with the drainage pipeline. The technical scheme of the present invention solves the problems of poor solid-liquid separation effect, large number of structures, lengthy process flow, low reaction efficiency, complicated system control, discontinuous water effluent, high operation energy consumption, and difficult to control membrane pollution.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于污水生物处理领域,具体涉及一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置及工艺。The invention belongs to the field of sewage biological treatment, and in particular relates to a denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device and a process.
背景技术Background technique
随着国家对水资源、水环境和水生态问题的关注,水体富营养化问题日益突显,提高污水处理厂的脱氮除磷排放标准是预防水体富营养化发生的有效措施之一。因此,新修订的《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》中已经将排入重点流域的城镇污水处理厂出水水质的执行标准由原有的一级B标准提升到一级A标准,污水处理已经从传统的以去除COD、BOD、悬浮物为首要目标转移到对营养物质氮、磷的去除。这对我国新建和已建的污水处理厂都提出了对污水进行深度脱氮除磷技术的需求。因此,如何开发高效、经济的污水生物脱氮除磷新理论和新技术,为生物脱氮除磷技术提供新思路和新方法,已经成为水处理领域的研究热点。With the country's attention to water resources, water environment and water ecology, the problem of water eutrophication has become increasingly prominent. Improving the discharge standards for nitrogen and phosphorus removal in sewage treatment plants is one of the effective measures to prevent water eutrophication. Therefore, in the newly revised "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Urban Sewage Treatment Plants", the implementation standard of the effluent quality of urban sewage treatment plants discharged into key river basins has been upgraded from the original Grade B standard to Grade A standard. From the traditional removal of COD, BOD and suspended solids as the primary goal to the removal of nutrients nitrogen and phosphorus. This puts forward the demand for deep denitrification and phosphorus removal technology for sewage in both new and existing sewage treatment plants in my country. Therefore, how to develop high-efficiency and economical new theories and technologies for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal from sewage, and to provide new ideas and methods for biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal technology, has become a research hotspot in the field of water treatment.
传统的生物除磷技术认为,脱氮过程和除磷过程都需要消耗碳源,即存在反硝化细菌与聚磷菌对碳源竞争的问题,与此同时我国城市污水中存在着有机物浓度越来越低,污水的碳氮、碳磷比持续下降的现象。传统的污水处理工艺(如A2/O、改良A2/O、UCT、SBR等)具有一定的脱氮和除磷作用,但由于在脱氮和除磷工艺存在碳源竞争和泥龄差异的矛盾,除磷和脱氮相互制约,实际的运行效果并不理想,且存在占地面积较大、能源消耗较多,剩余污泥产量较大等弊端。The traditional biological phosphorus removal technology believes that both the nitrogen removal process and the phosphorus removal process need to consume carbon sources, that is, there is a problem of competition between denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria for carbon sources. The lower the carbon-nitrogen and carbon-phosphorus ratio of sewage, the phenomenon of continuous decline. Traditional sewage treatment processes (such as A2/O, improved A2/O, UCT, SBR, etc.) have certain denitrification and phosphorus removal effects. , phosphorus removal and denitrification are mutually restricted, the actual operation effect is not ideal, and there are disadvantages such as large floor space, high energy consumption, and large excess sludge output.
反硝化除磷技术被认为是未来可持续发展的水处理技术之一,利用兼性反硝化细菌,将反硝化脱氮和生物除磷合二为一,降低有机碳源和O2的消耗量,相比传统专性好氧除磷菌能节约50%的有机碳源和30%的O2,同时减少50%的剩余污泥量。目前在反硝化除磷理论上开发出单泥系统和双泥系统,但单污泥系统内多种种群因泥龄差异以及对DO与营养需求的不同,不同微生物之间相互影响,引起反硝化除磷效能难以大幅度提高。双泥系统的典型工艺包括Dephanox工艺和A2N工艺,可较好地实现反硝化聚磷菌的富集,但双泥系统要经过多次沉淀和多级回流,存在工艺流程复杂、操作不便、控制繁琐等诸多不足之处,其反硝化除磷效能和稳定性有待进一步提高。Denitrification and phosphorus removal technology is considered to be one of the sustainable water treatment technologies in the future. It uses facultative denitrifying bacteria to combine denitrification and phosphorus removal with biological phosphorus removal to reduce the consumption of organic carbon sources and O2 Compared with the traditional obligate aerobic phosphorus removal bacteria, it can save 50% of the organic carbon source and 30% of the O 2 , and at the same time reduce the amount of excess sludge by 50%. At present, a single-sludge system and a double-sludge system have been developed in the theory of denitrification and phosphorus removal. However, due to differences in sludge age and different requirements for DO and nutrients, different microorganisms in a single-sludge system interact with each other, causing denitrification. It is difficult to greatly improve the phosphorus removal efficiency. The typical processes of the double-sludge system include the Dephanox process and the A 2 N process, which can better achieve the enrichment of denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacteria, but the double-sludge system has to go through multiple precipitations and multi-stage reflux, which has complicated process flow and inconvenient operation. , the control is cumbersome and many other shortcomings, its denitrification phosphorus removal efficiency and stability need to be further improved.
因此,急需一种不仅发挥双污泥系统一碳两用的优势,而且具备工艺流程短、沉淀效果好、脱氮除磷效率高的反硝化除磷装置和工艺。Therefore, there is an urgent need for a denitrification and phosphorus removal device and process that not only takes advantage of the dual-sludge system, but also has a short process flow, good precipitation effect, and high denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
为了克服现有技术中的问题,本发明提供了一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置。该装置结构简单,占地面积小。In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device. The device has a simple structure and small footprint.
同时也提供了一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR工艺,解决了现有工艺中固液分离效果不佳,构筑物数目较多,工艺流程冗长,反应效率低、系统控制复杂,出水不连续、运行能耗高、膜污染难以控制等的问题。At the same time, a denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR process is provided, which solves the problems of poor solid-liquid separation effect, large number of structures, lengthy process flow, low reaction efficiency, complex system control, and discontinuous effluent in the existing process. , high operating energy consumption, difficult to control membrane pollution and other issues.
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案如下:For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置,包括依次连通的进水池、厌氧池、中沉池、好氧池和缺氧池;A denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device, comprising an inflow tank, an anaerobic tank, a middle sedimentation tank, an aerobic tank and an anoxic tank connected in sequence;
厌氧池内设有搅拌装置;中沉池的底部出口通过污泥超越管路与缺氧池的底部入口相连;好氧池内设有填料和曝气装置;缺氧池中设有MBR膜组件,缺氧池底部出口连接有污泥处理管路,污泥处理管路的出口分为两个支路,其中一个支路通过污泥回流管路与厌氧池的底部相连接,另一支路与剩余污泥管路相连接;MBR膜组件的排水端与排水管路相连接。There is a stirring device in the anaerobic tank; the bottom outlet of the middle settling tank is connected to the bottom inlet of the anoxic tank through the sludge overrunning pipeline; the aerobic tank is equipped with a filler and aeration device; the anoxic tank is equipped with an MBR membrane module, The bottom outlet of the anoxic tank is connected with a sludge treatment pipeline. The outlet of the sludge treatment pipeline is divided into two branches, one of which is connected to the bottom of the anaerobic tank through the sludge return pipeline, and the other branch is connected to the bottom of the anaerobic tank. It is connected with the excess sludge pipeline; the drain end of the MBR membrane module is connected with the drain pipeline.
具体的,所述搅拌装置为搅拌器。Specifically, the stirring device is a stirrer.
优选的,所述MBR膜组件的上部连接有振动装置。进一步优选的,所述振动装置包括连杆、曲柄和变频电机,连杆一端与MBR膜组件相连,连杆的另一端通过曲柄与所述变频电机相连接;利用变频电机往复振动带动MBR膜组件做水平往复运动,控制膜污染。Preferably, a vibration device is connected to the upper part of the MBR membrane assembly. Further preferably, the vibration device includes a connecting rod, a crank and a variable frequency motor, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the MBR membrane assembly, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the variable frequency motor through the crank; the reciprocating vibration of the variable frequency motor is used to drive the MBR membrane assembly. Do horizontal reciprocating motion to control membrane fouling.
优选的,所述进水池与厌氧池通过进水管路连通,进水管路上设有进水泵,污泥超越管路上设有污泥超越泵,污泥回流管路上设有污泥回流泵,排水管路上连接有排水泵。Preferably, the water inlet tank and the anaerobic tank are communicated through a water inlet pipeline, an inlet pump is arranged on the water inlet pipeline, a sludge overflow pump is arranged on the sludge overflow pipeline, and a sludge return pump is arranged on the sludge return pipeline, and the drainage pipeline is provided with a sludge return pump. A drain pump is connected to the pipeline.
优选的,所述填料为组合填料、弹性填料或悬浮填料,进一步优选为组合填料。Preferably, the filler is a combined filler, an elastic filler or a suspended filler, more preferably a combined filler.
优选的,所述MBR膜组件为微滤膜组件、超滤膜组件、动态膜组件中的至少一种,进一步优选为微滤膜组件。Preferably, the MBR membrane module is at least one of a microfiltration membrane module, an ultrafiltration membrane module, and a dynamic membrane module, more preferably a microfiltration membrane module.
一种反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR工艺,包括厌氧释磷工序、中沉池沉淀工序、好氧硝化工序、反硝化除磷工序、排水工序及排泥工序;A denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR process comprises an anaerobic phosphorus release process, a middle sedimentation tank precipitation process, an aerobic nitrification process, a denitrification phosphorus removal process, a drainage process and a sludge removal process;
所述厌氧释磷工序是待处理的污水进入厌氧池,然后与带有反硝化聚磷菌的活性污泥充分混合进行厌氧释磷;In the anaerobic phosphorus release process, the sewage to be treated enters the anaerobic tank, and is then fully mixed with the activated sludge with denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria for anaerobic phosphorus release;
所述中沉池沉淀工序是将厌氧池的泥水混合液送入中沉池,进行泥水分离,分离为上清液和活性污泥,上清液送入好氧池,活性污泥经污泥超越管路进入缺氧池;The sedimentation process in the middle settling tank is to send the mud-water mixture in the anaerobic tank into the middle settling tank to separate the mud-water into supernatant and activated sludge. The supernatant is sent to the aerobic tank, and the activated sludge is polluted. The mud goes beyond the pipeline and enters the anoxic pool;
所述好氧硝化工序是上清液在好氧池中进行好氧硝化和剩余有机物的降解;The aerobic nitrification process is that the supernatant is subjected to aerobic nitrification and the degradation of the remaining organic matter in an aerobic tank;
所述反硝化除磷工序是接收来自好氧池含有氮、磷的混合液和来自中沉池的含有反硝化聚磷菌的污泥,进行缺氧反硝化除磷;The denitrification phosphorus removal process is to receive the mixed solution containing nitrogen and phosphorus from the aerobic tank and the sludge containing denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria from the middle sedimentation tank, and perform anoxic denitrification phosphorus removal;
排水工序是通过MBR膜组件过滤排水;The drainage process is to filter the drainage through the MBR membrane module;
所述的排泥工序是将缺氧池的一部分污泥回送到厌氧池进行释磷,另一部分作为剩余污泥排放。In the sludge discharging process, part of the sludge in the anoxic tank is returned to the anaerobic tank for phosphorus release, and the other part is discharged as excess sludge.
优选的,所述厌氧释磷工序中的溶解氧浓度低于0.2mg/L,水力停留时间为1-2h,厌氧池活性污泥浓度为4000-6000mg/L;Preferably, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the anaerobic phosphorus release process is lower than 0.2 mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 1-2 h, and the activated sludge concentration in the anaerobic tank is 4000-6000 mg/L;
中沉池沉淀工序的水力停留时间为30-45min,进入缺氧池的污泥量占中沉池污泥总量的30-50%;The hydraulic retention time of the sedimentation process in the middle settling tank is 30-45min, and the amount of sludge entering the anoxic tank accounts for 30-50% of the total sludge in the middle settling tank;
好氧硝化工序的好氧池中溶解氧浓度为2-3mg/L,水力停留时间为3-6h;The dissolved oxygen concentration in the aerobic tank of the aerobic nitrification process is 2-3mg/L, and the hydraulic retention time is 3-6h;
反硝化除磷工序水力停留时间为2-3h,缺氧池溶解氧浓度小于0.5mg/L,缺氧池中污泥进入厌氧池的污泥回流量为30-50%,缺氧池活性污泥浓度为4000-6000mg/L;The hydraulic retention time of the denitrification and phosphorus removal process is 2-3h, the dissolved oxygen concentration in the anoxic tank is less than 0.5mg/L, the sludge return flow rate of the sludge in the anoxic tank into the anaerobic tank is 30-50%, and the activity of the anoxic tank is 30-50%. The sludge concentration is 4000-6000mg/L;
MBR膜组件运行采用开8min停2min的运行方式,膜通量为8-15LMH。The MBR membrane module operation adopts the operation mode of opening for 8 minutes and stopping for 2 minutes, and the membrane flux is 8-15LMH.
和现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1.本发明针对现有双污泥系统多级沉淀和多级回流,工艺流程复杂、操作繁琐,出水不连续等诸多问题,将连续流双污泥反硝化除磷工艺与振动缺氧MBR反应器相结合,解决反硝化除磷工艺硝化细菌和聚磷菌泥龄矛盾,同时实现工艺系统连续出水、节省碳源、降低能耗;1. The present invention aims at the multi-stage precipitation and multi-stage backflow of the existing dual-sludge system, complex technological process, cumbersome operation, discontinuous effluent and many other problems, and reacts the continuous-flow dual-sludge denitrification and phosphorus removal process with the vibration anoxic MBR It can solve the contradiction between nitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulating bacteria in the denitrification and phosphorus removal process, and at the same time realize the continuous effluent of the process system, save carbon sources and reduce energy consumption;
2.采用在出水前端的缺氧池加装MBR膜组件代替原反硝化除磷工艺的数个沉淀池,大幅减少占地,缩短工艺流程;同时,膜的高效截留作用,维持了MBR膜组件内高浓度微生物量,提高了反应效率和容积负荷,增强了系统的耐冲击性,且长污泥龄显著减少了剩余污泥量,出水水质优良;2. The MBR membrane module is installed in the anoxic tank at the front end of the effluent to replace several sedimentation tanks of the original denitrification and phosphorus removal process, which greatly reduces the land occupation and shortens the process flow; at the same time, the efficient interception effect of the membrane maintains the MBR membrane module. The high concentration of microorganisms in the interior improves the reaction efficiency and volume load, and enhances the impact resistance of the system, and the long sludge age significantly reduces the amount of excess sludge, and the effluent quality is excellent;
3.缺氧池MBR膜组件采用振动的运行方式,规避了常规采用曝气冲刷缓解膜污染的技术,从而维持了缺氧的环境,采用水平往复运动,不仅运行能耗低,而且有效缓解膜污染;3. The MBR membrane module of the anoxic tank adopts the vibration operation mode, which avoids the conventional technology of using aeration and scouring to alleviate the membrane pollution, thereby maintaining the anoxic environment. The horizontal reciprocating motion is used, which not only reduces the energy consumption of operation, but also effectively alleviates the membrane pollution. Pollution;
4.本发明工艺及装置流程简单,能耗低,可实现深度脱氮除磷,出水水质连续且稳定,适合低碳氮比的城镇污水,为推动反硝化除磷的工程化应用提供有力技术支撑。4. The process and device of the invention are simple in process, low in energy consumption, can achieve deep denitrification and phosphorus removal, continuous and stable effluent quality, suitable for urban sewage with low carbon to nitrogen ratio, and provide a powerful technology for promoting the engineering application of denitrification and phosphorus removal support.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明实施例1所述反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置的结构示意图;1 is a schematic structural diagram of a denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;
图2为本发明的工艺流程示意图;Fig. 2 is the process flow schematic diagram of the present invention;
图中:1为厌氧池,2为中沉池,3为好氧池,4为缺氧池,5为振动装置,6为MBR膜组件,7为填料,8为穿孔管,9为进水泵,10为污泥超越泵,11为污泥回流泵,12为排水泵,13为鼓风机,14为搅拌器,15为进水管路,16为排水管路,17为污泥回流管路,18为污泥超越管路,19为连杆,20为曲柄,21为变频电机,22为剩余污泥管路,23为进水池,24为污泥处理管路。In the figure: 1 is anaerobic tank, 2 is middle sedimentation tank, 3 is aerobic tank, 4 is anoxic tank, 5 is vibration device, 6 is MBR membrane module, 7 is filler, 8 is perforated pipe, 9 is inlet Water pump, 10 is the sludge overrun pump, 11 is the sludge return pump, 12 is the drain pump, 13 is the blower, 14 is the agitator, 15 is the water inlet pipeline, 16 is the drainage pipeline, 17 is the sludge return pipeline, 18 is the sludge overrun pipeline, 19 is the connecting rod, 20 is the crank, 21 is the frequency conversion motor, 22 is the excess sludge pipeline, 23 is the water inlet tank, and 24 is the sludge treatment pipeline.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和实施例对本发明作进一步说明,但并不是对本发明的限制。图1中K1、K2、K3、K4、K5分别为第一过水口、第二过水口、第三过水口、第四过水口、第五过水口,a、b、c、d分别为第一过水管、第二过水管、第三过水管、第四过水管。进水管、厌氧池、中沉池、好氧池和缺氧池依次通过K1、a、K2、b、K3、c、K4、d连通;缺氧池内设有MBR膜组件,并带有振动装置,因此本实施例的缺氧池也可称为缺氧振动MBR池。本实施例中所使用的MBR膜组件采用常规市售产品即可。The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, but it is not intended to limit the present invention. In Figure 1, K1, K2, K3, K4, and K5 are the first water passage, the second water passage, the third water passage, the fourth water passage, and the fifth water passage, respectively, and a, b, c, and d are the first water passage, respectively. The water pipe, the second water pipe, the third water pipe, and the fourth water pipe. The water inlet pipe, anaerobic tank, middle sedimentation tank, aerobic tank and anoxic tank are connected through K1, a, K2, b, K3, c, K4, d in turn; the anoxic tank is equipped with an MBR membrane module with vibration Therefore, the anoxic cell in this embodiment can also be called an anoxic vibration MBR cell. The MBR membrane module used in this example can be a conventional commercially available product.
实施例1Example 1
如图1所示,本发明的反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置,包括进水池23、厌氧池1、中沉池2、好氧池3和缺氧池4,且依次通过第一过水口K1、第一过水管a、第二过水口K2、第二过水管b、第三过水口K3、第三过水管c、第四过水口K4、第四过水管d连通。厌氧池内设有搅拌器14;中沉池2的底部出口通过污泥超越管路18与缺氧池4的底部入口相连;好氧池3内设有填料7和曝气装置;缺氧池4中设有MBR膜组件,缺氧池4底部出口连接有污泥处理管路24,污泥处理管路24的出口分为两个支路,其中一个支路通过污泥回流管路17与厌氧池1的底部相连接,另一支路与剩余污泥管路22相连接;MBR膜组件6的排水端通过第五过水口K5与排水管路16相连接。As shown in FIG. 1, the denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device of the present invention includes a water inlet tank 23, an anaerobic tank 1, a middle sedimentation tank 2, an aerobic tank 3 and an anoxic tank 4, and passes through the first The water passage K1, the first water passage a, the second water passage K2, the second water passage b, the third water passage K3, the third water passage c, the fourth water passage K4, and the fourth water passage d communicate with each other. An agitator 14 is arranged in the anaerobic tank; the bottom outlet of the middle settling tank 2 is connected with the bottom inlet of the anoxic tank 4 through the sludge surpassing pipeline 18; the aerobic tank 3 is provided with a filler 7 and an aeration device; 4 is provided with an MBR membrane module, the bottom outlet of the anoxic tank 4 is connected with a sludge treatment pipeline 24, and the outlet of the sludge treatment pipeline 24 is divided into two branches, one of which is connected to the sludge return pipeline 17 through the sludge return pipeline 17. The bottom of the anaerobic tank 1 is connected, and the other branch is connected with the excess sludge pipeline 22; the drain end of the MBR membrane module 6 is connected with the drain pipeline 16 through the fifth water passage K5.
所述MBR膜组件6上部连接有振动装置5,所述振动装置5包括连杆19、曲柄20和变频电机21,连杆19一端与MBR膜组件6相连,连杆19的另一端通过曲柄20与所述变频电机21相连接。该振动装置的各部件及其连接关系采用本领域常规技术即可,此处不再赘述。The upper part of the MBR membrane assembly 6 is connected with a vibration device 5. The vibration device 5 includes a connecting rod 19, a crank 20 and a frequency conversion motor 21. One end of the connecting rod 19 is connected to the MBR membrane assembly 6, and the other end of the connecting rod 19 passes through the crank 20. It is connected with the variable frequency motor 21 . The components of the vibrating device and the connection relationship thereof may adopt conventional techniques in the art, which will not be repeated here.
所述进水池23与厌氧池1通过进水管路15连接,进水管路15上设有进水泵9,污泥超越管路18上设有污泥超越泵10,污泥回流管路17上设有污泥回流泵11,排水管路16上连接有排水泵12。本实施例中的填料为组合填料,MBR膜组件为微滤膜组件。The water inlet tank 23 is connected with the anaerobic tank 1 through the water inlet pipeline 15. The water inlet pipeline 15 is provided with an inlet water pump 9, the sludge overflow pipeline 18 is provided with a sludge overflow pump 10, and the sludge return pipeline 17 is provided. A sludge return pump 11 is provided, and a drainage pump 12 is connected to the drainage pipeline 16 . The filler in this embodiment is a combined filler, and the MBR membrane module is a microfiltration membrane module.
所述曝气装置是为了给好氧池3提供氧气,其包括位于好氧池3底部的穿孔管8,该穿孔管8通过管道与位于好氧池3外的鼓风机13相连,利用鼓风机13向好氧池3内供气。The aeration device is to provide oxygen for the aerobic pond 3, and it comprises a perforated pipe 8 positioned at the bottom of the aerobic pond 3. Air supply in the aerobic pool 3.
该装置采用连续流的运行方式。污水经进水管路15进入厌氧池1释磷,厌氧池1的泥水混合物进入中沉池2沉淀,含有磷和氨氮的上清液进入好氧池3进行硝化,含有反硝化聚磷菌的中沉池污泥通过污泥超越管路18进入缺氧池4,随后在缺氧池4内接收来自好氧池3的硝态氮源和中沉池2的聚磷菌污泥,在缺氧条件下实现反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮除磷。The device operates in a continuous flow mode. The sewage enters the anaerobic tank 1 through the water inlet pipeline 15 to release phosphorus, the mud-water mixture in the anaerobic tank 1 enters the middle sedimentation tank 2 for precipitation, and the supernatant containing phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen enters the aerobic tank 3 for nitrification, containing denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacteria. The sludge in the secondary sedimentation tank enters the anoxic tank 4 through the sludge surpassing pipeline 18, and then receives the nitrate nitrogen source from the aerobic tank 3 and the phosphorus accumulating bacteria sludge from the intermediate sedimentation tank 2 in the anoxic tank 4. Nitrogen and phosphorus removal by denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria under anoxic conditions.
如图2所示,本发明的反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR工艺,包括厌氧释磷工序、中沉池沉淀工序、好氧硝化工序、反硝化除磷工序、排水工序及排泥工序;As shown in Figure 2, the denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR process of the present invention includes an anaerobic phosphorus release process, a middle sedimentation tank precipitation process, aerobic nitrification process, denitrification phosphorus removal process, drainage process and sludge removal process. ;
所述厌氧池释磷工序是待处理的污水进入厌氧池,然后与带有反硝化聚磷菌的活性污泥充分混合进行厌氧释磷。In the anaerobic pond phosphorus release process, the sewage to be treated enters the anaerobic pond, and is then fully mixed with the activated sludge with denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria for anaerobic phosphorus release.
所述中沉池沉淀工序是将厌氧池的泥水混合液送入中沉池,进行泥水分离,分离为上清液和活性污泥,上清液送入好氧池,活性污泥经污泥超越管路进入缺氧池。The sedimentation process in the middle settling tank is to send the mud-water mixture in the anaerobic tank into the middle settling tank to separate the mud-water into supernatant and activated sludge. The supernatant is sent to the aerobic tank, and the activated sludge is polluted. Mud goes beyond the pipeline into the anoxic pool.
所述好氧硝化工序是中沉池的上清液进入好氧池中进行好氧硝化和剩余有机物的降解。The aerobic nitrification process is that the supernatant of the middle settling tank enters the aerobic tank for aerobic nitrification and degradation of the remaining organic matter.
所述反硝化除磷工序是接收来自好氧池含有氮、磷的混合液和来自中沉池的含有反硝化聚磷菌的污泥,进行缺氧反硝化除磷。The denitrification phosphorus removal process is to receive the mixed solution containing nitrogen and phosphorus from the aerobic tank and the sludge containing denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria from the middle sedimentation tank, and perform anoxic denitrification phosphorus removal.
排水工序是通过MBR膜组件过滤排水;所述的排泥工序是将缺氧池的一部分污泥回送到厌氧池进行释磷,另一部分作为剩余污泥排放。The drainage process is to filter the drainage through the MBR membrane module; the sludge drainage process is to return a part of the sludge in the anoxic tank to the anaerobic tank for phosphorus release, and the other part is discharged as excess sludge.
如图1-2所示,具体运行过程如下:As shown in Figure 1-2, the specific operation process is as follows:
厌氧池1释磷工序,进水池23内的污水通过第一过水口K1、第一过水管a泵入厌氧池1,与反硝化聚磷菌的活性污泥充分混合搅拌,溶解氧浓度(DO)控制在0.2mg/L以下,水力停留时间(HRT)为1-2h,控制厌氧池活性污泥浓度(MLSS)为4000-6000mg/L。In the phosphorus release process of the anaerobic tank 1, the sewage in the water inlet tank 23 is pumped into the anaerobic tank 1 through the first water passage K1 and the first water passage a, and is fully mixed with the activated sludge of the denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria. (DO) is controlled below 0.2mg/L, hydraulic retention time (HRT) is 1-2h, and anaerobic tank activated sludge concentration (MLSS) is controlled to be 4000-6000mg/L.
中沉池2沉淀工序,厌氧池1的泥水混合液通过第二过水口K2、第二过水管b进入中沉池2,水力停留时间为30-45min,中沉池2上清液通过第三过水口K3、第三过水管c进入好氧池3,中沉池2的沉淀污泥通过污泥超越管路18泵入缺氧振动MBR池,输入到缺氧振动MBR池中的污泥量为中沉池2污泥量的30-50%。In the precipitation process of the middle settling tank 2, the mud-water mixture in the anaerobic tank 1 enters the middle settling tank 2 through the second water passage K2 and the second water passing pipe b, and the hydraulic retention time is 30-45min. The three water passages K3 and the third water passage c enter the aerobic tank 3, and the sedimented sludge in the middle settling tank 2 is pumped into the anoxic vibration MBR tank through the sludge surpassing pipeline 18, and the sludge is input into the anoxic vibration MBR tank. The amount is 30-50% of the sludge in the middle settling tank 2.
好氧硝化工序,好氧池7内装有组合填料,通过开启鼓风机13,进行穿孔管8曝气,溶解氧浓度控制在2-3mg/L,水力停留时间为3-6h,之后进入缺氧振动MBR池。In the aerobic nitrification process, the aerobic tank 7 is equipped with a combination of fillers, the perforated pipe 8 is aerated by turning on the blower 13, the dissolved oxygen concentration is controlled at 2-3mg/L, the hydraulic retention time is 3-6h, and then the anoxic vibration is entered MBR pool.
反硝化除磷工序,经第四过水口K4、第四过水管d接收来自好氧池3含有氮、磷的混合液和来自中沉池2的含有反硝化聚磷菌的污泥,进行缺氧反硝化除磷,缺氧池的水力停留时间为2-3h,溶解氧浓度小于0.5mg/L,缺氧池活性污泥浓度为4000-6000mg/L。In the denitrification and phosphorus removal process, the mixed liquid containing nitrogen and phosphorus from the aerobic tank 3 and the sludge containing denitrifying phosphorus-accumulating bacteria from the middle sedimentation tank 2 are received through the fourth water passage K4 and the fourth water passage d, and the denitrifying phosphorus accumulating bacteria is carried out. For oxygen denitrification and phosphorus removal, the hydraulic retention time of the anoxic tank is 2-3h, the dissolved oxygen concentration is less than 0.5mg/L, and the activated sludge concentration of the anoxic tank is 4000-6000mg/L.
缺氧振动MBR池排水工序,缺氧振动MBR池设置高低液位控制排水泵12,MBR膜组件6内滤后水经排水端、第五过水口K5及排水管路16出水。In the anoxic vibration MBR pool drainage process, a high and low liquid level control drain pump 12 is set in the anoxic vibration MBR pool.
排泥工序,过量吸磷的缺氧振动MBR池内的污泥,一部分通过污泥回流管路17泵回送到厌氧池1进行再次释磷,另一部分经剩余污泥管路22排放,回流至厌氧池1的污泥回流量控制在30-50%。In the sludge discharge process, the sludge in the MBR tank with excess phosphorus absorption is anoxic and vibrated, and part of it is pumped back to the anaerobic tank 1 through the sludge return line 17 to release phosphorus again, and the other part is discharged through the excess sludge pipeline 22 and returned to the anaerobic tank 1. The sludge return rate of anaerobic tank 1 is controlled at 30-50%.
以某校园的生活污水为处理对象,考查本发明的反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR装置和工艺的反硝化除磷和脱氮的效能。Taking the domestic sewage of a certain campus as the treatment object, the denitrification phosphorus removal and nitrogen removal efficiency of the denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration anoxic MBR device and process of the present invention was examined.
进水水质和处理效果如表1所示,相关实验参数如下:The influent water quality and treatment effect are shown in Table 1, and the relevant experimental parameters are as follows:
本实施例的反硝化除磷耦合振动MBR工艺所使用的污泥泥龄SRT=16-20d,整个工艺的水力停留时间HRT为11.5h。The sludge age SRT used in the denitrification phosphorus removal coupled vibration MBR process in this embodiment is 16-20d, and the hydraulic retention time HRT of the entire process is 11.5h.
(1)厌氧释磷工序:MLSS=4000-4500mg/L;DO≤0.2mg/L;HRT=2h;(1) Anaerobic phosphorus release process: MLSS=4000-4500mg/L; DO≤0.2mg/L; HRT=2h;
(2)中沉池沉淀工序:HRT=30min,中沉池污泥量的30%输送到缺氧振动MBR池中;(2) Sedimentation process in the middle settling tank: HRT=30min, 30% of the sludge in the middle settling tank is transported to the anoxic vibration MBR tank;
(3)好氧硝化工序:填料为组合填料;DO=2-3mg/L;HRT=6h;(3) Aerobic nitrification process: the filler is combined filler; DO=2-3mg/L; HRT=6h;
(4)反硝化除磷工序:MLSS=4000-6000mg/L;DO≤0.5mg/L;HRT=3h;缺氧池内的污泥回流到厌氧池的比例为30%;MBR运行方式:膜通量12LMH,产水8min、停止2min,振动频次:40次/min。反洗频率:1次/天。(4) Denitrification and phosphorus removal process: MLSS=4000-6000mg/L; DO≤0.5mg/L; HRT=3h; the ratio of sludge in the anoxic tank to return to the anaerobic tank is 30%; MBR operation mode: membrane Flux 12LMH, water production 8min, stop 2min, vibration frequency: 40 times/min. Backwash frequency: 1 time/day.
表1反硝化除磷耦合振动缺氧MBR脱氮除磷效果Table 1 The effect of denitrification and phosphorus removal coupled with vibration anoxic MBR for nitrogen and phosphorus removal
从表1的数据可以看出,该装置结合工艺对COD、总磷和氨氮的去除率分别为84%、95.3%和88%,水质指标均已达到了国家城镇污水处理厂污染物排放一级A标准(GB18918-2002)。优良的出水水质,得益于MBR膜组件高效的截留性能和过滤性能,使MBR膜组件内保持了高浓度微生物含量,处理效率大大提高,同时通过水力停留时间、溶解氧、超越污泥量和回流污泥量的控制,实现高效的脱氮除磷。It can be seen from the data in Table 1 that the removal rates of COD, total phosphorus and ammonia nitrogen by the combined process of the device are 84%, 95.3% and 88% respectively, and the water quality indicators have reached the national level of pollutant discharge from urban sewage treatment plants. A standard (GB18918-2002). The excellent effluent quality, thanks to the efficient retention and filtration performance of the MBR membrane module, keeps a high concentration of microorganisms in the MBR membrane module, and the treatment efficiency is greatly improved. Controlling the amount of returned sludge to achieve efficient nitrogen and phosphorus removal.
本发明的特点是耦合反硝化除磷工艺与缺氧MBR工艺,图1采用缺氧振动MBR的形式替代原有的缺氧池以及沉淀池,发挥了膜高效过滤、高生物截留、低占地面积的优势。同样地,图2中的虚线框部分,亦可同样采用厌氧振动MBR池替代原有的厌氧池和中沉池,厌氧振动MBR池的形式与缺氧振动MBR形式一致,均配有MBR膜组件、振动装置及排水泵。The feature of the present invention is the coupling of denitrification and phosphorus removal process and anoxic MBR process. Figure 1 adopts the form of anoxic vibration MBR to replace the original anoxic tank and sedimentation tank, which has the advantages of high-efficiency membrane filtration, high biological retention and low land occupation. area advantage. Similarly, in the dashed box in Figure 2, the anaerobic vibration MBR tank can also be used to replace the original anaerobic tank and middle sedimentation tank. The form of the anaerobic vibration MBR tank is the same as that of the anoxic vibration MBR. MBR membrane module, vibration device and drainage pump.
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