CN110011704B - Downlink data transmission device and method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission - Google Patents
Downlink data transmission device and method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission Download PDFInfo
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- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 101100464779 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CNA1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010752 BS 2869 Class D Substances 0.000 description 1
- 101100464782 Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) CMP2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/70—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes
- H04B5/79—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems specially adapted for specific purposes for data transfer in combination with power transfer
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B5/00—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems
- H04B5/40—Near-field transmission systems, e.g. inductive or capacitive transmission systems characterised by components specially adapted for near-field transmission
- H04B5/48—Transceivers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L25/00—Baseband systems
- H04L25/38—Synchronous or start-stop systems, e.g. for Baudot code
- H04L25/40—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits
- H04L25/49—Transmitting circuits; Receiving circuits using code conversion at the transmitter; using predistortion; using insertion of idle bits for obtaining a desired frequency spectrum; using three or more amplitude levels ; Baseband coding techniques specific to data transmission systems
- H04L25/4902—Pulse width modulation; Pulse position modulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/20—Modulator circuits; Transmitter circuits
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L27/00—Modulated-carrier systems
- H04L27/18—Phase-modulated carrier systems, i.e. using phase-shift keying
- H04L27/22—Demodulator circuits; Receiver circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
A downlink data transmission device and method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end uses a pulse signal subjected to data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM as a transmitting signal, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes with modulation while the duty ratio of the pulse signal is kept unchanged, the modulated transmitting signal and an unmodulated original pulse signal have the same duty ratio, and the receiving end correspondingly demodulates the received signal to obtain the data. The downlink data transmission device and the method for the synchronous transmission of the wireless energy and the data can minimize the influence of the downlink data transmission on the system energy transmission efficiency, and the modulation and demodulation circuit is simple to realize and low in cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless charging, in particular to a downlink data transmission device and method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission.
Background
The wireless charging is widely applied to implantable biomedical equipment, mobile electronic equipment and electric automobiles. In most applications of wireless charging, not only energy needs to be transmitted, but also data needs to be transmitted in parallel with the energy. For example, some control signals need to be transmitted from a transmitting end to a receiving end of energy, and these signals are called downlink data; accordingly, the feedback information in the receiving end needs to be transmitted back to the transmitting end, and these signals are called uplink data.
In the design of a wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system, several indexes are very important, such as energy transmission efficiency, data transmission rate, implementation cost and the like. The use of additional coils or antennas to transmit energy and data separately in different links is a more straightforward implementation of a wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system. This method can easily achieve high data transmission rate, but it is expensive to implement and not practical due to the extra components. Another implementation is to transmit both energy and data over the same link using a suitable modulation scheme. Load Shift Keying (LSK) is one of the modulation schemes and is widely used. The LSK adjusts a load of a receiving terminal by changing an output capacitance and a resistance, thereby transmitting different data. Cyclic on-off keying (COOK) is also a very typical modulation scheme that transmits signals by short-circuiting the receiving LC tank. But these modulation schemes are only used for uplink data transmission. The synchronous transmission of wireless energy and downlink data can be realized through capacitive coupling and amplitude shift keying, the transmission of the data cannot cause excessive influence on the overall energy transmission efficiency of the system, and the cost is high and the design is complex because multiple groups of coils are needed for modulating and demodulating the data. In summary, it is desirable to provide a new downlink data transmission scheme for a wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system.
Disclosure of Invention
The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art, and to provide a downlink data transmission apparatus and method for synchronous transmission of wireless energy and data, which can minimize the influence of downlink data transmission on the system energy transmission efficiency, and the modem circuit is simple to implement and has low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a downlink data transmission device for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end uses a pulse signal subjected to data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM as a transmitting signal, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes along with modulation while the duty ratio of the pulse signal is kept unchanged, the modulated transmitting signal and an unmodulated original pulse signal have the same duty ratio, and the receiving end correspondingly demodulates the received signal to obtain the data.
Further:
the transmitting terminal comprises a class D power amplifier and a first LC resonance circuit, the output end of the class D power amplifier is connected with the first LC resonance circuit, the class D power amplifier converts a direct-current signal of the transmitting terminal into an alternating-current signal, the receiving terminal comprises a second LC resonance circuit which is relatively applied to a receiving signal by the first LC resonance circuit, the first LC resonance circuit and the second LC resonance circuit are in a resonance state when receiving and transmitting signals, and a signal with a constant duty ratio and obtained by modulating PPM (pulse phase modulation) by the transmitting terminal is used as a control signal of the class D power amplifier, so that the output V of the class D power amplifier1Is constant, so that the output V of the class D power amplifier is constant1The power transfer efficiency of the wireless energy transfer through the first and second LC resonance circuits is maintained or close to constant.
And the receiving end adopts a voltage stabilizing rectifier controlled by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM).
The receiving end also comprises an output capacitor C connected to the output end of the voltage-stabilizing rectifierLAnd said output capacitor CLSampling resistor R connected with groundS2The receiving end detects the sampling resistor RS2Voltage V ofS2Peak fluctuation difference value DeltaV ofSTo demodulate the input data.
The receiving end also comprises a comparator, and the voltage V is converted by the comparatorS2And a reference voltage Vref2The comparison is performed to obtain demodulated data.
The receiving end further includes a processor counting a duration during which the output of the comparator is maintained at a high level for one data period and distinguishing from a case where no data is transmitted, to minimize the influence of noise.
The processor is an FPGA.
A downlink data transmission method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission uses the downlink data transmission device to carry out wireless energy and data synchronous transmission, wherein a pulse signal which is subjected to data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM is used as a transmission signal at a transmission end of the downlink data transmission device, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes along with modulation and the duty ratio of the pulse signal keeps unchanged, therefore, the transmission signal after modulation and an original pulse signal without modulation have the same duty ratio, and a received signal is correspondingly demodulated at a receiving end of the downlink data transmission device to obtain the data.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the downlink data transmission device and the method for the wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system are simple to realize, can transmit data and energy through the same link, hardly affect the energy transmission efficiency, have high energy transmission efficiency and low cost, and can be effectively applied to most fields.
The downlink data transmission device and the method for the wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system have the advantages that the transmitting end is easy to realize, the structure is simple, the transmission efficiency is high, the signal modulation of the transmitting end can be realized only by simple combinational logic operation, and the demodulation of the signal of the receiving end is also easy to realize. In the preferred embodiment, the receiving end can realize the demodulation of the signal only by one comparator. Preferably, the comparator output is further processed such that the duration of time that the comparator output remains high for one data cycle is counted and distinguished from the case of no data transmission, minimizing the effects of noise.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of pulse phase modulation PPM adopted by the downlink data transmission apparatus and method for a wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of an embodiment of a downlink data transmission apparatus for a wireless power and data synchronous transmission system according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a waveform diagram of a key signal at a data receiving end according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention or its application.
In one embodiment, the downlink data transmission device for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, wherein the transmitting end uses a pulse signal subjected to data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM as a transmitting signal, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes with modulation while the duty ratio of the pulse signal is kept unchanged, the transmitting signal after modulation and an original pulse signal without modulation have the same duty ratio, and the receiving end correspondingly demodulates a received signal to obtain the data.
The principle of pulse phase modulation PPM adopted by the downlink data transmission device and method for the wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system of the present invention is shown in fig. 1. PPM is a modulation scheme that uses different pulse phases to transmit different data. The width or duty cycle of the pulses remains unchanged as the phase of the pulse signal varies with modulation. Fig. 1 includes an original pulse signal without data modulation and a pulse signal after PPM modulation of data "00011011". It is easy to see that the signal after PPM modulation has the same duty cycle as the original signal without modulation. By way of comparison, the modulation scheme of on-off keying (OOK) is also shown in fig. 1. It is assumed that the ratio of binary numbers "0" and "1" is equal in the original data stream to be transmitted. The proportion of the time of high level in the signal to the time of the whole signal is called as the mark rate of the signal, then the mark rate of the original signal without modulation is 50%, the mark rate of the PPM modulation signal is also 50%, but the mark rate of the OOK modulation signal is only 25%. Considering that the amplitudes of these signals are the same, a low mark rate implies a low average power. This shows that the average power of the system using OOK modulation is only half of the average power of the PPM modulation, and that the average power of the system using PPM modulation is the same as the average power of the system without modulation. The above conclusions are still valid when the pulse is narrowed. This shows that the apparatus and method using PPM modulation provided by the present invention can minimize the influence of data transmission on wireless energy transmission.
Referring to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, a transmitting terminal of a downlink data transmission device for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission according to the present invention includes a class D power amplifier PA and a first LC resonant circuit L1-C1, an output terminal of the class D power amplifier PA is connected to the first LC resonant circuit L1-C1, and the class D power amplifier converts a dc signal of the transmitting terminal into an ac signal. The receiving end of the downstream data transmission apparatus for wireless power and data synchronous transmission includes a second LC resonance circuit L2-C2 corresponding to the first LC resonance circuit L1-C1 for receiving signals. The first LC resonance circuit L1-C1 and the second LC resonance circuit L2-C2 are in a resonance state at the time of transceiving signals. The transmitting terminal takes a signal with unchanged duty ratio for carrying out data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM as a control signal of the class D power amplifier PA, so that the output V of the class D power amplifier PA1Is constant, so that the output V of the class D power amplifier PA is constant1The power transfer efficiency of the wireless energy transfer through the first and second LC resonance circuits L1-C1 and L2-C2 remains at or near constant.
Referring to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, a PWM controlled regulated rectifier is used in the receiving end, which can achieve higher efficiency.
Referring to fig. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the receiving terminal further includes an output capacitor C connected to the output terminal of the regulator rectifierLAnd said output capacitor CLSampling resistor R connected with groundS2The receiving end detects the sampling resistor RS2Voltage V ofS2Peak fluctuation difference value DeltaV ofSTo demodulate the input data.
Referring to fig. 2, in a more preferred embodiment, the receiving terminal further includes a comparator CMP2, and the voltage V is applied through the comparator CMP2S2And a reference voltage Vref2The comparison is performed to obtain demodulated data.
In a more preferred embodiment, the receiving end further includes a processor that counts a duration during which the output of the comparator is kept at a high level for one data period and distinguishes from a case where no data is transmitted, to minimize the influence of noise. The processor preferably employs an FPGA.
In a more preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the receiving end further comprises a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) module in the regulated rectifier, which includes an error amplifier EA, a comparator CMP1, a buffer BUF and two switching tubes MaAnd Mb. By applying the output V of a regulated rectifierdcReturned by the feedback circuit, the feedback signal passes through the error amplifier EA and the reference level Vref1Comparing to determine whether to short circuit LC resonant circuit, and adjusting output by controlling input to make output VdcStabilize at the desired level. Wherein, the output of the error amplifier EA is compared with the RAMP signal RAMP by a comparator CMP1 to generate a pulse signal PWM with a certain duty ratio, and when the PWM signal is high, the switching tube M is controlledaAnd MbConducting; when the PWM signal is low, the switch tube M is controlledaAnd MbAnd (6) turning off.
In another embodiment, a downlink data transmission method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission uses the downlink data transmission apparatus of any of the foregoing embodiments to perform wireless energy and data synchronous transmission. The method comprises the steps that a pulse signal which is subjected to data modulation through pulse phase modulation PPM is used as a transmitting signal at a transmitting end of the downlink data transmission device, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes along with modulation and the duty ratio of the pulse signal keeps unchanged, the transmitting signal after modulation and an original pulse signal which is not modulated have the same duty ratio, and received signals are correspondingly demodulated at a receiving end of the downlink data transmission device to obtain data.
The features, principles and advantages of particular embodiments of the present invention are further described below in conjunction with fig. 2.
A typical application of the present invention using pulse phase modulation is shown in fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a wireless energy and data synchronous transmission system using pulse phase modulation as a downlink data transmission method, using a class D power amplifier PA in a transmitting end and a Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) controlled regulator in a receiving end. The transmitting end is simple in structure, easy to realize and high in efficiency. The modulation of the signal can be realized only by simple combinational logic operation. The demodulation of the signal can be realized by only one comparator.
The working principle of the system is as follows: in the energy transmission link, a class D power amplifier PA is powered by a pulse signal FresAnd its drive circuit control, FresThe frequency is the LC resonance frequency. It converts the direct current signal of the transmitting end into an alternating current signal. Output V of class D power amplifier PA1Is similar to FresThe pulse signal of (2). The drain-source voltage of the MOSFET in the class-D power amplifier PA is usually very small and can be ignored, so that V1Is almost equal to the DC power supply voltage V of the power amplifierin. In addition, V1Is dependent on VinAnd FresThe duty cycle of (c).
The equivalent load from the resonant circuit L2-C2 to the load can be equivalent to a resistor RLeff. Since the resonant circuits L1-C1 and L2-C2 are in resonance, V1The equivalent load is also a resistive load. Thus, for the same link and load conditions, let V1The rms value of (d) is constant, the output power and the input power of the PA and the power transfer efficiency are almost constant. Due to V1Is dependent on VinAnd FresTherefore, by adopting pulse phase modulation PPM, the signal after PPM modulation and the unmodulated original signal have the same duty ratio, so the data modulation scheme does not influence VinAnd FresSo that V is1The rms value of (a) is unchanged, it is possible to avoid that the transmission power in the radio system is affected (without introducing additional power consumption). Therefore, in the embodiment of the invention, the signal which is subjected to data modulation by PPM is used as the control signal of the class D power amplifier at the transmitting end, and the realized data transmission link can not influence the energy transmission link.
Meanwhile, data demodulation in the energy receiving end can be easily realized. Theoretically, in transmissionWhen the terminal has data to send, the control signal F of the class D power amplifier PAresWill have a phase change for some of the cycles. Thus, when data "1" is transmitted, V1The high levels in two adjacent periods of time are closer than when no data is transmitted (or when data "0" is sent). Therefore, when data "1" is transmitted, the transient amplitudes of the LC currents at the transmitting end and the receiving end also vary. At the output capacitor CLA sampling resistor R is connected with the groundS2. As shown in FIG. 3, when data "1" appears, VS2Has a significant fluctuation: it will decrease and then increase. Therefore, we can detect Δ VSTo demodulate the incoming data.
Signal demodulation can be achieved by detecting Δ VSTo be implemented. The demodulation scheme here is therefore to convert VS2And a reference voltage Vref2A comparison is made. Theoretically, the output of the comparator can be directly recognized as the demodulated data. However, since noise is inevitably present in the actual measurement, such a direct comparison may result in a relatively high error rate. To minimize the effect of noise, we further process the comparator output by the FPGA so that the duration of time that the comparator output remains high for one data cycle is counted and distinguished from the case of no data transmission. Although R isS2A certain power consumption is introduced, but it has little influence on the energy transfer efficiency because the energy transfer efficiency depends mainly on considering the equivalent impedance of the whole receiving end in the transmitting end, and RSNo relatively large variations are introduced into the equivalent impedance.
The foregoing is a more detailed description of the invention in connection with specific/preferred embodiments and is not intended to limit the practice of the invention to those descriptions. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various substitutions and modifications can be made to the described embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these substitutions and modifications should be considered to fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A downlink data transmission device for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission comprises a transmitting end and a receiving end, and is characterized in that the transmitting end uses a pulse signal subjected to data modulation by pulse phase modulation PPM as a transmitting signal, so that the phase of the pulse signal changes with modulation and the duty ratio of the pulse signal keeps unchanged, the modulated transmitting signal and an unmodulated original pulse signal have the same duty ratio, and the receiving end correspondingly demodulates the received signal to obtain the data;
the receiving end adopts a voltage stabilizing rectifier controlled by Pulse Width Modulation (PWM), and also comprises an output capacitor C connected to the output end of the voltage stabilizing rectifierLAnd said output capacitor CLSampling resistor R connected with groundS2The receiving end detects the sampling resistor RS2Voltage V ofS2Peak fluctuation difference value DeltaV ofSTo demodulate the input data; the receiving end also comprises a comparator, and the voltage V is converted by the comparatorS2And a reference voltage Vref2The comparison is performed to obtain demodulated data.
2. The downlink data transmission apparatus for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission according to claim 1, wherein the transmitting terminal includes a class D power amplifier and a first LC resonant circuit, an output terminal of the class D power amplifier is connected to the first LC resonant circuit, the class D power amplifier converts a dc signal of the transmitting terminal into an ac signal, the receiving terminal includes a second LC resonant circuit applied to a receiving signal opposite to the first LC resonant circuit, the first LC resonant circuit and the second LC resonant circuit are in a resonant state while transceiving signals, the transmitting terminal uses a signal with a constant duty ratio modulated by pulse phase modulation PPM as a control signal of the class D power amplifier, so that an output V of the class D power amplifier is V1Is constant, so that the output V of the class D power amplifier is constant1The power transfer efficiency of the wireless energy transfer through the first and second LC resonance circuits is maintained or close to constant.
3. The downlink data transmission apparatus for wireless power and data synchronous transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the receiving end further includes a processor which counts a duration in which an output of the comparator maintains a high level in one data period and distinguishes a case where no data is transmitted, to minimize an influence of noise.
4. The downlink data fransmission apparatus for synchronized fransmission of wireless energy and data according to claim 3, wherein the processor is an FPGA.
5. A downlink data transmission method for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission, characterized in that the downlink data transmission device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is used for wireless energy and data synchronous transmission, wherein a pulse signal data-modulated by pulse phase modulation PPM is used as a transmission signal at a transmission end of the downlink data transmission device, so that the phase of the pulse signal varies with modulation and the duty ratio of the pulse signal remains unchanged, so that the transmission signal after modulation has the same duty ratio as the original pulse signal without modulation, and the received signal is correspondingly demodulated at a receiving end of the downlink data transmission device to obtain the data.
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