CN110010317A - A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance - Google Patents

A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110010317A
CN110010317A CN201910198082.8A CN201910198082A CN110010317A CN 110010317 A CN110010317 A CN 110010317A CN 201910198082 A CN201910198082 A CN 201910198082A CN 110010317 A CN110010317 A CN 110010317A
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resistance
temperature
low
current protection
surge current
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CN201910198082.8A
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CN110010317B (en
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汪洋
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NANJING SHIHENG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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NANJING SHIHENG ELECTRONICS CO Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C1/00Details
    • H01C1/08Cooling, heating or ventilating arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C13/00Resistors not provided for elsewhere
    • H01C13/02Structural combinations of resistors
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01CRESISTORS
    • H01C7/00Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
    • H01C7/04Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance; the element has the pin and resistance combination element at both ends; wherein resistance combination element includes at least one linear fixed resistance and at least one NTC thermistor; wherein the NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance are in a manner of in parallel; the resistance value of NTC thermistor with temperature rise and decline, between linear fixed resistance and NTC thermistor with can heat exchange pattern connection.Using the solution of the present invention, the Low temperature start-ability of device can be greatly improved, the normal operating efficiency of inhibition surge capacity and device is not influenced simultaneously, and substantially reduce the structure complexity of Surge suppression element, expand the application range of power type thermal resistance, the overall performance of device is improved, there is very high practicability.

Description

A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of electronic devices, and specifically a kind of surge current protection with low-temperature startup performance is first Part.
Background technique
Circuit often generates bigger surge current in the moment of energization, and the protected mode of mainstream is using function at present Rate type NTC thermistor inhibits surge current.But the problem of due to power-type NTC thermistor material property, it deposits In low temperature, circuit normally starts work problem.If circuit be under very low low-temperature condition (such as -30 DEG C or less), due to NTC thermistor is in low temperature, and resistance value can be than room temperature (such as the at 25 DEG C) manyfold that becomes larger (10 times or more), at this moment power-type The resistance value of NTC thermistor is very big (resistance both end voltage drop is very big), will lead to circuit and has no idea to work normally.
Summary of the invention
To solve problem described above, the present invention develops a kind of surge current protection member with low-temperature startup performance Part, the element is on the basis of pervious NTC thermistor, fixed resistance in parallel connection, passes through fixed electricity under low-temperature condition Resistance forms Surge suppression, and as temperature increases, thermistor resistance value is reduced, the normal work of proof load.
Specifically, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that the element has the pin at both ends With resistance combination element, wherein resistance combination element includes at least one linear fixed resistance and at least one NTC thermistor, Wherein the NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance are in a manner of in parallel, temperature-sensitive electricity under the resistance value ratio room temperature of the fixed resistance Resistance is big, but thermistor resistance value is small when than low temperature, and the resistance value of NTC thermistor rises with temperature and declined, linear fixed electricity Resistance NTC thermistor between with can heat exchange pattern connect.
In one embodiment, in direct contact with each other between NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance, and NTC temperature-sensitive Anode pin and negative pin are shared between resistance and linear fixed resistance.
In another embodiment, it is not directly contacted between NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance, and with thermally conductive Spacer is separately.In another case, between NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance with steel spring plate separately.Upper It states in structure, is provided with radiator structure on interval body or steel spring plate.
In a more preferred embodiment, it wraps up outside the element with cabinet, there is heat dissipation regulating device on cabinet, in low temperature When heat dissipation regulating device close, open heat dissipation regulating device according to radiating requirements when high temperature and reinforce heat dissipation.
In the application of the above element, it is preferable that the element is equipped with mounting base in two sides, and resistance has centre bore, Each resistance is connected in series with bolt, is fixed with nut.
The present invention realizes device under low temperature by the way that linear fixed resistance is in parallel with thermistor, by fixed resistance Normal starting, it is dexterously real by the way that the heat of fixed resistance is transmitted to the normal work that thermistor realizes device after starting The raising of low-temperature startup performance is showed.Using the solution of the present invention, the Low temperature start-ability of device can be greatly improved, while not The normal operating efficiency of inhibition surge capacity and device is influenced, and substantially reduces the structure complexity of Surge suppression element, The application range for expanding power type thermal resistance improves the overall performance of device, has very high practicability.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the basic principle structure chart of element of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structure chart of a preferred embodiment of element of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the structure chart of another preferred embodiment of element of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the working principle diagram of element of the present invention.
In figure: 1, pin;2, thermistor;3, fixed resistance;4, radiator structure;5, screw rod;6, nut;7, it installs Seat;8, thermally conductive interval body;9, steel spring plate.
Specific embodiment
Circuit works normally when in order to solve the problems, such as low temperature, and the solution of the present invention has used two resistance, and one is power Type NTC thermistor, along with a fixed resistance in parallel, the resistance value of the fixed resistance needs to select than temperature-sensitive under room temperature Resistance is big, but thermistor resistance value small resistance value when than low temperature, can just guarantee circuit in room temperature or low temperature shape in this way It can be worked normally under condition.At room temperature, electric current is preferentially to flow through the lesser power-type NTC thermistor of resistance value, to protect NTC thermistor is demonstrate,proved to the inhibiting effect of surge.And in low temperature, it is low since power-type NTC thermistor is influenced by low temperature Resistance value is 10 times of room temperature resistance value or more when warm, and the resistance value of NTC thermistor is greater than the resistance value of fixed resistance, and electric current then can preferentially lead to The lesser fixed resistance of resistance value is crossed, the resistance value of fixed resistance is can to guarantee the normal work of circuit.Fixed resistance is due to electricity Flowing through for stream can generate a large amount of heat, and making fixed resistance, temperature rapid increase, and fixed resistance and thermistor are one A entirety can also be such that the temperature of power-type NTC thermistor rises, and the resistance value of power-type NTC thermistor can reduce at this time.When Its resistance value be reduced to it is lower than the resistance value of fixed resistance after, then electric current can be flowed through from power-type NTC thermistor again, make function The resistance value of rate type NTC thermistor further decreases.The efficiency of circuit is improved, and reduces power consumption.
The material of fixed resistance is illustrated by taking liner oxidation zinc resistance as an example in the present invention there are many selection, but It is it should be understood that other materials are also within the scope of the present invention the present invention is not limited to liner oxidation zinc resistance.And Those skilled in the art it will be appreciated that so-called linear resistance be not it is fairly linear, only in certain voltage and temperature Very little is fluctuated in range.Liner oxidation zinc resistance is a kind of more extensive material of current application, but other are with similar The material of property, such as linear graphite resistance or carbon black composite material resistance, resistance alloys, high-power aluminum casing resistor etc., It should within protection scope of the present invention.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Referring to Fig. 1, this is a basic schematic diagram of element of the present invention.As shown, element of the invention uses NTC The mode in parallel with linear fixed resistance 3 of thermistor 2, and two kinds of resistance realize common pin by pin 1.At low temperature, NTC thermistor have very high resistance value, electric current preferentially passes through fixed resistance at this time, realize inhibit surge while but also Device can normally start.Fixed resistance is used with thermistor and can be connected with each other in thermo-conducting manner, therefore fixed resistance When passing through electric current, generated heat will be transmitted on thermistor, and thermistor temp increases to resistance decrease, finally So that device can be with efficient operation under steady-state current.
Heat between two kinds of resistance is transmitted and can be realized as shown in Figure 1 by directly contacting, can also be by other more It is realized for complicated mode.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of two kinds of preferred embodiments respectively.To be easily installed, resistance flake products knot Structure is generally in the following way: power-type NTC thermistor 2 and liner oxidation zinc resistance 3 all add center using identical disk The structure in hole carries out two or three or more power-type NTC thermistor and liner oxidation zinc resistance side by side, two or three A or more resistance disk is fixed by a fixing axle of centre bore, such as the shape of screw rod as shown in the figure 5 and nut 6 Across pass foot is added using ceramic insulating layer in the centre of formula, two resistance, to achieve the purpose that resistor body parallel connection.
Ceramic insulating layer among two resistance should preferably have the capacity of heat transmission.In situations where it is preferred, in this part It should be provided with radiator structure 4, which can be used to the heat of regulating element entirety, guarantee the normal work of element, or Person is used to the temperature of regulating element entirety as needed, realizes desired performance.
In one embodiment, the thermally conductive interval body 8(of ceramic insulation such as 95% aluminium oxide ceramics is used between two resistance And other similar materials) separately, radiator structure 4 is preferably provided on interval body, radiator structure can be ceramic insulation and dissipate The advantages of backing, heat radiating fin structure, is to divulge information, and integrated environment heat can be adjusted by divulging information, and realizes more effective Environment temperature control.
In another embodiment, intermediate spacer structure is steel spring plate 9, and ceramic insulation is arranged in steel spring plate two sides As radiator structure, steel spring plate can use it and elastically keeps being connected firmly and fixing for each component cooling fin, while have again There is certain elasticity.Because resistance chip can generate certain oscillation at work, elastic connection helps to guarantee the work of component Make the service life.
The working principle of element of the present invention is illustrated in Fig. 4.The change in resistance of component is as shown, such as power-type NTC thermistor R25Resistance value be 5 Ω, B value is 3000K, R-30When resistance value be 50 Ω (wherein R refer to resistance, subscript instruction Temperature, unit are degree Celsius therefore R25Resistance value when being 25 DEG C, R-30Resistance value when being -30 DEG C), the resistance value of fixed resistance selects 15 Ω, the then all-in resistance of the component are as follows:
(1) R25Always=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=(5*15)/(5+15)=3.75(Ω);
(2) R-30Always=(R1*R2)/(R1+R2)=(50*15)/(50+15) ≈ 11.54(Ω).
When at low temperature, although the resistance value of thermistor is very big, due to the presence of fixed resistance, overall resistance is still It can guarantee that device can smoothly start.As fixed resistance generates heat, heat is transmitted to thermistor and thermistor is heated up, Then thermistor resistance decrease, finally drop to it is sufficiently low in the case where, electric current then preferentially by thermistor, realization device Efficiency operation.
It will be appreciated that although the example provided in figure uses the combination or one of a fixed resistance and a thermistor The combination of a thermistor and two fixed resistances, but principle according to the present invention, can be using the heat with different number The combination of quick resistance and fixed resistance, and the resistance value of each resistance can be optimized to realize different performances.Citing comes It says, the building form of component can form one as follows, and only there are two the components of pin: 1) using a power-type NTC temperature-sensitive electricity Resistance plus a liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistance;2) two liner oxidation zinc potteries are added using a power-type NTC thermistor Porcelain fixed resistance;3) add a liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistance using two power-type NTC thermistors;4) using more Power-type NTC thermistor add more liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistances.
The appearance of the component changes the low temperature for needing to guarantee using two, three or more elements device originally The case where starting ability.Now only need using an element, the volume of element can be greatly reduced, reach simplify and reduce it is whole The effect of a circuit.Meanwhile power type thermal resistance and liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistance absorb the ability of surge current very Greatly, it can achieve often vertical centimetre/60 joules of ability, to ensure that entire component inhibits the reliability of surge.
The component has the characteristics that flexible structure, and the power-type NTC thermistor that different number can be used adds liner oxidation Zinc ceramics fixed resistance is overlapped, therefore can be combined according to different application requirements, is reached final and is realized that difference is answered With desired purpose.It is further illustrated below with specific use of the specific embodiment to invention components.
Example one: can using a liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistance, for example (resistance value can be according to circuit by 15 Ω of resistance value Carry out select, such as 5 Ω, 10 Ω, 20 Ω) a plus power-type NTC thermistor such as resistance value R25: 5 Ω, B value: 3000K, R-30: (parameter can be selected 50 Ω, such as R25: 10 Ω, B value: 3000K, R-30:100Ω;R25: 20 Ω, B value: 3200K, R-30: 220 Ω etc.) carry out parallel connection.
Working principle: in low temperature (such as -30 DEG C), electric current first passes through the lesser fixed resistance of resistance value, and fixed resistance exists It under the action of electric current, generates heat and heats up, thermistor and fixed resistance are an entirety, and heat can also be transmitted to thermistor On, increase the temperature of thermistor, when the resistance decrease of thermistor is to (15 Ω) smaller than fixed resistance, electric current again can be from Pass through on thermistor, at this moment thermistor continues to generate heat under the continuing through of electric current, the resistance value of final thermistor can under Very low (0.1 Ω or so, only 1/the tens of room temperature resistance value) is dropped to, therefore power consumed by the component also can be very It is small, improve the efficiency of entire circuit.
Example two: on one basis of example, increasing a liner oxidation zinc ceramics fixed resistance, the two fixed resistances it Between can couple in parallel or in series.
Working principle: the places different from example one are, due to using two liner oxidation zinc fixed resistances, so fixed The through-current capability of resistance can be improved one times;The through-current capability of entire component can be greatly improved in this way.
Example three: on the basis of example one or example three, increasing a power-type NTC thermistor, two thermistors it Between can couple in parallel or in series.
Working principle: the places different from example one are, due to using two power-type NTC thermistors, so temperature-sensitive The through-current capability of resistance can be improved one times, can greatly improve the through-current capability of entire component in this way.
Example four: on the basis of example one, by increasing power-type NTC thermistor and the fixed electricity of liner oxidation zinc ceramics The quantity of resistance, can in parallel or in series between thermistor, can be in parallel or in series between fixed resistance.
Working principle: due to using more thermistors and fixed resistance, the through-flow energy of entire component can be greatly improved Power.
For the component due to being encapsulated without using insulating materials, power-type NTC thermistor and fixed resistance are all made of pottery Ceramic material, the electrode of two resistance use silver electrode, and pin uses pure copper material, and the whole temperature resistant capability of component also obtains very big It is promoted.Maximum operating temperature can achieve 400 DEG C, considerably beyond 200 DEG C of thermistor maximum operating temperature common of ability, The through-current capability of subassembly product so also greatly improves, and can achieve hundreds of amperes.Can be widely used in needs work to exist In high-power technical grade circuit under low-temperature condition, as the protection element for inhibiting surge.
Product structure: power-type NTC thermistor and liner oxidation zinc resistance all add centre bore using identical disk Structure carries out two or three or more power-type NTC thermistor and liner oxidation zinc resistance side by side, two or three or More resistance disks are fixed by a fixing axle of centre bore, and the centre of two resistance is added using ceramic insulating layer Across path electrode, to achieve the purpose that resistor body parallel connection.In situations where it is preferred, shell can be added in entire component external, The mechanisms such as thermoregulation mechanism, such as hygrosensor, shutter, fan are set on shell, these mechanisms can be according to heat dissipation It needs to be adjusted, such as closes shutter so that environment temperature rises as early as possible, or works as and reach when needing to keep the temperature Fan is opened when certain temperature needs to radiate is aerated heat dissipation.
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, but the present invention is not Be limited to above embodiment, technical field those of ordinary skill within the scope of knowledge, can also not depart from It is made a variety of changes under the premise of present inventive concept.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that the element has drawing for both ends Foot and resistance combination element, wherein resistance combination element includes at least one linear fixed resistance and at least one NTC temperature-sensitive electricity Resistance, wherein the NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance be in a manner of parallel connection, temperature-sensitive under the resistance value ratio room temperature of the fixed resistance Resistance is big, but thermistor resistance value is small when than low temperature, and the resistance value of NTC thermistor rises with temperature and declined, linear fixed Between resistance and NTC thermistor with can heat exchange pattern connection.
2. as described in claim 1 with the surge current protection element of low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that NTC temperature-sensitive It is in direct contact with each other between resistance and linear fixed resistance, and anode is shared between NTC thermistor and linear fixed resistance Pin and negative pin.
3. as described in claim 1 with the surge current protection element of low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that NTC temperature-sensitive It is not directly contacted between resistance and linear fixed resistance, and separately with thermally conductive interval body.
4. as claimed in claim 3 with the surge current protection element of low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that on interval body It is provided with radiator structure.
5. as described in claim 1 with the surge current protection element of low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that NTC temperature-sensitive Between resistance and linear fixed resistance separately with steel spring plate.
6. as claimed in claim 5 with the surge current protection element of low-temperature startup performance, which is characterized in that steel spring plate On be provided with radiator structure.
7. such as the surge current protection element described in any one of claims 1 to 6 with low-temperature startup performance, feature exists In being wrapped up outside, the element with cabinet, there is heat dissipation regulating device on cabinet, the regulating device that radiates in low temperature is closed, high temperature When according to radiating requirements open heat dissipation regulating device reinforce heat dissipation.
8. such as the surge current protection element described in any one of claims 1 to 6 with low-temperature startup performance, feature exists In the element is equipped with mounting base in two sides, and resistance is had centre bore, is connected in series each resistance with bolt, with nut It is fixed.
CN201910198082.8A 2019-03-15 2019-03-15 Surge current protection element with low-temperature starting performance Active CN110010317B (en)

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Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080013497A (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-13 현대자동차주식회사 Start motor driving device
CN103427783A (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-12-04 上海晨兴希姆通电子科技有限公司 Impedance matching circuit of thermistor and construction method thereof
CN203368015U (en) * 2013-07-18 2013-12-25 江苏省黑马高科技发展有限责任公司 A surge inhibition current protective device
CN207706033U (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-08-07 亚荣源科技(深圳)有限公司 Power supply circuit with temperature compensation function
CN209675025U (en) * 2019-03-15 2019-11-22 南京时恒电子科技有限公司 A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
KR20080013497A (en) * 2006-08-09 2008-02-13 현대자동차주식회사 Start motor driving device
CN103427783A (en) * 2012-05-21 2013-12-04 上海晨兴希姆通电子科技有限公司 Impedance matching circuit of thermistor and construction method thereof
CN203368015U (en) * 2013-07-18 2013-12-25 江苏省黑马高科技发展有限责任公司 A surge inhibition current protective device
CN207706033U (en) * 2018-01-04 2018-08-07 亚荣源科技(深圳)有限公司 Power supply circuit with temperature compensation function
CN209675025U (en) * 2019-03-15 2019-11-22 南京时恒电子科技有限公司 A kind of surge current protection element with low-temperature startup performance

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