CN110006658B - Method for monitoring influence of friction force of cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration - Google Patents
Method for monitoring influence of friction force of cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration Download PDFInfo
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- CN110006658B CN110006658B CN201910284798.XA CN201910284798A CN110006658B CN 110006658 B CN110006658 B CN 110006658B CN 201910284798 A CN201910284798 A CN 201910284798A CN 110006658 B CN110006658 B CN 110006658B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of a cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration. Firstly, the method comprises the following steps: calculating the natural frequency of torsional vibration of a shafting; II, secondly: testing the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration under different lubricating states by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument; thirdly, the method comprises the following steps: comparing the natural frequency calculated in the step one with the natural frequency tested in the step two, and if the natural frequency is not changed, calculating the friction force as the excitation force of the shafting vibration; if the change occurs, the friction force is converted into a damping term of the system for calculation; fourthly, the method comprises the following steps: and C, comparing the calculation result of the step three with a shafting torsional vibration result without considering the frictional force, and analyzing the influence of the frictional force on the shafting torsional vibration amplitude and frequency. The invention comprehensively considers the excitation effect of friction force on shafting torsional vibration and the influence on the inherent characteristics of the shafting, provides a more comprehensive and scientific research method, and provides a certain support for further exploring and utilizing torsional vibration signals to realize the online monitoring of the cylinder pulling fault of the reciprocating equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for researching the torsional vibration mechanism of reciprocating equipment, in particular to a method for researching the influence of the friction force of the reciprocating equipment on the torsional vibration of a shaft system under different lubricating conditions.
Background
The piston ring-cylinder sleeve is one of the most important friction pairs of the internal combustion engine, a considerable part of the operation faults of the internal combustion engine are related to the failure of the piston ring, and the piston ring-cylinder sleeve system has the main function of ensuring that the piston ring can form effective sealing with the inner wall of the cylinder sleeve during movement, so that not only is gas in a combustion chamber prevented from flowing into the crankcase to cause gas leakage, but also lubricating oil in the crankcase is prevented from entering the combustion chamber to be combusted. For non-cooled pistons, the heat dissipation through the piston ring accounts for 50% -70% of the total heat absorbed by the piston, so the piston ring has very severe working conditions and is often in a high-temperature and high-pressure working environment. Therefore, the influence of the lubrication state of the piston ring and the cylinder liner on the internal combustion engine is receiving more and more attention, and becomes an important research direction of the current internal combustion engine tribology.
Torsional vibration is a calculation about the influence degree of the excitation frequency of a transmission system on the natural frequency, reflects the danger degree of whether resonance (resonance) exists in the system, and is mainly related to the rotational inertia and the torsional rigidity of each component of the system. Torsional vibration has very big destructiveness, and the light person makes the torsional stress who acts on the axle change, increases the fatigue damage of axle, reduces life, and serious torsional vibration can lead to unit shafting to damage or fracture, influences unit safe and reliable operation.
However, in many previous studies, due to theoretical limitations, limited calculation ability, and the like, the two are often studied in isolation. The friction force is used as the internal force of the piston-cylinder sleeve system, when the equivalent weight of the torsional vibration of the shafting is converted, the friction force can be used as the exciting force of the torsional vibration of the shafting, and can also be used as the damping term of the equivalent weight conversion of the shafting, and the selection of the processing method depends on the influence degree of the friction force on the torsional vibration of the shafting.
At present, the published literature on the method for verifying the influence degree of the friction force on the torsional vibration is very limited. In 2007, Guzzomi et al at university of Western Australia in Australia studied the change of the torsional free vibration frequency of the reciprocating machine in consideration of the influence of friction force with a variable inertia model, but no study was made on forced vibration. In 2014, Haerbin engineering university Leyou play humour et al first introduces piston ring group friction into the forced response calculation of torsional vibration, and finds that the amplitude of 2 harmonic times of the torsional angle is sensitive to cylinder pulling faults of marine four-stroke diesel engines, but the document does not consider the influence of the friction on the inherent characteristics of the system, and only calculates the friction as a part of the excitation force.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a monitoring method for the influence of the friction force of a cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration, which can provide support for exploring and utilizing torsional vibration signals to realize online monitoring of the cylinder pulling fault of the reciprocating equipment.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the natural frequency of torsional vibration of a shafting;
step two: testing the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration under different lubricating states by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument;
step three: comparing the natural frequency calculated in the step one with the natural frequency tested in the step two, and if the natural frequency is not changed, calculating the friction force as the excitation force of the shafting vibration; if the change occurs, the friction force is converted into a damping term of the system for calculation;
step four: and C, comparing the calculation result of the step three with a shafting torsional vibration result without considering the frictional force, and analyzing the influence of the frictional force on the shafting torsional vibration amplitude and frequency.
The present invention may further comprise:
1. the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting is calculated by a transmission matrix method according to the frequency and the matrix of the torsional vibration of the shafting of the system.
2. The specific method for testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubrication states by the LMS acquisition instrument comprises the following steps:
the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
3. And if the relative variation of the calculated natural frequency in the first step and the tested natural frequency in the second step is less than 10%, determining that the natural frequency is unchanged.
4. In the calculation of the exciting force by taking the friction force as the vibration of the shafting, the equation of the forced vibration is
Wherein [ J ]]Is the rotational inertia matrix of the system, [ C ]]Is the damping matrix of the system, [ K]Is a matrix of the stiffness of the system,
is the amplitude of the torsional vibration, { Tp(T) is the cylinder pressure generated excitation torque, { T }i(T) is the excitation torque produced by the reciprocating inertial force, { T }f(t) is an exciting torque generated by friction force between a piston ring and a cylinder liner.
5. In the analysis of converting the friction force into the damping term of the system, the forced vibration equation is
Wherein [ Cf(t)]Is the damping term converted from friction.
The invention provides a method for researching the influence of the friction force of a cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration, comprehensively considers the excitation effect of the friction force on the shafting torsional vibration and the influence on the inherent characteristics of the shafting, and provides a certain support for further exploring and utilizing torsional vibration signals to realize the online monitoring of the cylinder pulling fault of the reciprocating equipment. The main characteristics of the invention include:
(1) in the second step, the change of the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubricating states is considered.
(2) In step three, the effect of friction on the excitation of shafting torsional vibration and the influence on the inherent characteristics of the shafting are comprehensively considered.
(3) In step three, if the friction force is converted into the damping term of the system for analysis, the torsional vibration problem will become the torsional vibration analysis of time-varying damping.
Compared with the existing research method, the invention has the outstanding advantages that:
the method comprehensively considers the excitation effect of the friction force on shafting torsional vibration and the influence on the inherent characteristics of the shafting, provides a more comprehensive and scientific research method, and provides a certain support for further exploring and utilizing torsional vibration signals to realize the online monitoring on the cylinder pulling fault of the reciprocating equipment.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for monitoring the effect of reciprocating device cylinder liner friction on shafting torsional vibration.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in more detail below by way of example.
The method comprises the following steps: and calculating the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting.
And calculating the frequency and the array type of the torsional vibration of the system shafting by a transfer matrix method.
Step two: testing the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration under different lubricating states by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument;
the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
Step three: and comparing the calculation result with the test result to see whether the natural frequency changes. If the relative variation of the two is less than 10%, calculating the friction force as the excitation force of the shafting vibration, otherwise, converting the friction force into a damping term of the system for analysis;
1. if the natural frequency is almost unchanged, the friction force is used as the excitation force of the shafting vibration for calculation, and the original forced vibration equation
Will become into
Wherein [ J ]]Is the rotational inertia matrix of the system, [ C ]]Is the damping matrix of the system, [ K]Is a matrix of the stiffness of the system,
is the amplitude of the torsional vibration, { Tp(T) is the cylinder pressure generated excitation torque, { T }i(T) is the excitation torque produced by the reciprocating inertial force, { T }f(t) is an excitation torque generated by friction between the piston ring and the cylinder liner.
2. If the natural frequency changes obviously, the friction force is converted into a damping term of the system for analysis, and the original forced vibration equation
Will become into
Wherein [ Cf(t)]Is the damping term converted from friction.
Step four: and C, comparing the calculation result of the step three with a shafting torsional vibration result without considering the frictional force, and analyzing the influence of the frictional force on the shafting torsional vibration amplitude, frequency and the like.
Claims (9)
1. A method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of a cylinder sleeve of reciprocating equipment on shafting torsional vibration is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: calculating the natural frequency of torsional vibration of a shafting;
step two: testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubricating states between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument;
step three: comparing the natural frequency calculated in the step one with the natural frequency tested in the step two, and if the natural frequency is not changed, calculating the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve as the excitation force of the shafting vibration; if the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve are changed, converting the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve into a damping term of the system for calculation;
step four: and C, comparing the calculation result of the step three with a shafting torsional vibration result without considering the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve, and analyzing the influence of the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve on the shafting torsional vibration amplitude and frequency.
2. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the shafting torsional vibration as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and if the relative variation of the calculated natural frequency in the first step and the tested natural frequency in the second step is less than 10%, determining that the natural frequency is unchanged.
3. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the shafting torsional vibration as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the calculation of taking the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve as the excitation force of the vibration of the shafting, the forced vibration equation is
Wherein [ J ]]Is the rotational inertia matrix of the system, [ C ]]Is the damping matrix of the system, [ K]Is a matrix of the stiffness of the system,
is the amplitude of the torsional vibration, { Tp(T) is the cylinder pressure generated excitation torque, { T }i(T) is the excitation torque produced by the reciprocating inertial force, { T }f(t) is an exciting torque generated by friction force between a piston ring and a cylinder liner.
4. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the shafting torsional vibration as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the analysis of converting the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve into the damping term of the system, the forced vibration equation is
Wherein [ J ]]Is the rotational inertia matrix of the system, [ C ]]Is the damping matrix of the system, [ K]Is a matrix of the stiffness of the system,
is the amplitude of the torsional vibration, { Tp(T) is the cylinder pressure generated excitation torque, { T }i(t) is the excitation moment by the reciprocating inertial force, [ C ]f(t)]Is a damping term converted from frictional force。
5. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the shafting torsional vibration as claimed in claim 3, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the analysis of converting the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve into the damping term of the system, the forced vibration equation is
Wherein [ Cf(t)]Is the damping term converted from friction.
6. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the torsional vibration of the shafting according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the specific method for testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubrication states between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by the LMS acquisition instrument comprises the following steps: the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
7. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the torsional vibration of the shafting as claimed in claim 3, wherein the specific method for testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubrication states between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by the LMS acquisition instrument comprises the following steps: the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
8. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the torsional vibration of the shafting as claimed in claim 4, wherein the specific method for testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubrication states between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by the LMS acquisition instrument comprises the following steps: the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
9. The method for monitoring the influence of the friction force of the cylinder sleeve of the reciprocating device on the torsional vibration of the shafting as claimed in claim 5, wherein the specific method for testing the natural frequency of the torsional vibration of the shafting under different lubrication states between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve by the LMS acquisition instrument comprises the following steps: the lubricating state of the piston ring-cylinder sleeve is gradually changed by controlling the supply amount of lubricating oil, the friction force between the piston ring and the cylinder sleeve is continuously increased from rich oil lubrication to lean oil lubrication and then to dry friction, and after the working condition is stable each time, the natural frequency of the shafting torsional vibration is tested and obtained by an LMS (least mean square) acquisition instrument, a magnetoelectric sensor and a lifting rotating speed method.
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| CN113657328A (en) * | 2021-08-24 | 2021-11-16 | 重庆大学 | Self-powered bearing with torsional vibration fault diagnosis function and torsional vibration fault diagnosis method |
| CN114112769B (en) * | 2021-11-24 | 2022-07-22 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Triaxial tester pressure chamber piston friction force calibration method and device |
| CN114357840B (en) * | 2022-01-10 | 2024-03-29 | 西南石油大学 | Torsional vibration calculation method for crankshaft system of reciprocating compressor |
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