CN110006541B - Microwave quantum correlation detection device and method - Google Patents
Microwave quantum correlation detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110006541B CN110006541B CN201910104117.7A CN201910104117A CN110006541B CN 110006541 B CN110006541 B CN 110006541B CN 201910104117 A CN201910104117 A CN 201910104117A CN 110006541 B CN110006541 B CN 110006541B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000530 Gallium indium arsenide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011896 sensitive detection Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N AsGa Chemical compound [As]#[Ga] JBRZTFJDHDCESZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical group [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention relates to a microwave quantum correlation detection device and a method, wherein the device comprises a single-frequency continuous fiber laser, and an electro-optical modulator is arranged on an emergent light path of the single-frequency continuous fiber laser; a narrow-band filter, an optical attenuator and an optical beam splitter are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the electro-optical modulator, single-photon detectors are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the optical beam splitter, and the two single-photon detectors are connected with a quantum correlation processor. The method can realize sensitive detection of microwave quantum signals based on quantum correlation characteristics under the condition that the background thermal noise intensity is unknown.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave quanta, in particular to a microwave quantum correlation detection device and method.
Background
Currently, with the advent of superconducting quantum microwave circuits, quantum technology has begun to transition from the optical frequency band to the microwave frequency band. Compared with light quanta, microwave quanta have many advantages, such as good wavelength penetration, small device volume, etc. However, unlike the mature optical quantum technology, the microwave quantum technology still belongs to the initial sprouting stage, and the related researches on microwave quantum detection at home and abroad are still few.
In the prior art, microwave quantum detection can be divided into two main categories, namely direct detection and indirect detection:
the direct detection is to directly detect microwave quantum signals by using a superconducting Josephson circuit which can respond to a microwave frequency band.
For indirect detection, microwave quanta are converted into light quanta by using microwave-light mixing systems such as nano mechanical vibrators, and the generated light quantum signals are detected by using a mature single photon detector, so that the indirect detection of the microwave quantum signals is realized.
However, the two detection methods need to be performed under a low temperature condition, the structure is complex, the cost is high, signals and thermal noise with the same frequency cannot be effectively distinguished, and especially, under the condition that the background thermal noise intensity is unknown, the signals cannot be extracted by setting a noise threshold in advance, so that detection errors are easily caused.
In view of the above, it is desirable to provide a novel apparatus and method with simple structure, low cost and thermal noise interference resistance to realize sensitive detection of microwave quantum signals.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the background art, the invention provides a microwave quantum correlation detection device. The device has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and thermal noise interference resistance, and can realize the detection of microwave quantum signals based on quantum correlation characteristics under the condition that the background thermal noise intensity is unknown.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a microwave quantum correlation detection method based on the detection device.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a microwave quantum correlation detection device comprises a single-frequency continuous fiber laser;
an electro-optical modulator is arranged on an emergent light path of the single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser;
the electro-optical modulator receives an external microwave quantum signal and the emergent laser of the single-frequency continuous fiber laser at the same time;
a narrow-band filter, an optical attenuator and an optical beam splitter are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the electro-optical modulator, single-photon detectors are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the optical beam splitter, and the two single-photon detectors are connected with a quantum correlation processor.
Preferably, the center wavelength of the emitted laser of the single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser is 1550 ± 0.05nm, and the line width is less than 200 Hz;
preferably, the working mode of the electro-optical modulator is a mach-zehnder mode or an electro-absorption mode, and the interface mode is an SMA interface or an FC interface;
preferably, the narrow band filter is a band-stop filter; the optical attenuator is a continuous adjustable optical attenuator;
preferably, the splitting ratio of the optical beam splitter is 1: 1;
preferably, the working medium of the single photon detector is indium gallium arsenic or a superconducting nanowire;
preferably, the quantum correlation processor has a multi-channel acquisition function.
Based on the above description of the detection device, a method for detecting by using the detection device is introduced, which includes the following steps:
(a) converting the received external microwave quantum signal into a carrier sideband signal of laser emitted by a single-frequency continuous fiber laser through an electro-optic modulator;
(b) filtering out the carrier sideband signal by using a narrow-band filter, and attenuating the filtered carrier sideband signal by using an optical attenuator;
(c) dividing the attenuated carrier sideband signal into two paths of reflection and transmission by using an optical beam splitter, and detecting by using two single photon detectors respectively;
(d) and the two signals detected by the two single-photon detectors are input into a quantum correlation processor, and the detection of the microwave quantum signals is realized by calculating the second-order correlation characteristics of the two signals.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the prior art, the detection device and the detection method provided by the invention have the advantages that the structure is simple, the cost is low, the detection of the microwave quantum signals is realized by calculating the quantum correlation characteristics, the signals and the same-frequency thermal noise can be effectively distinguished, the thermal noise interference is further prevented, and the important application value is realized in the microwave quantum field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave quantum correlation detection device.
The reference numbers are as follows:
the device comprises a 1-single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser, a 2-electro-optic modulator, a 3-narrow-band filter, a 4-optical attenuator, a 5-optical beam splitter, a 6-single photon detector and a 7-quantum correlation processor.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
first principles framework
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microwave quantum correlation detection device of the present invention, the structure of which includes a single-frequency continuous fiber laser 1; an electro-optical modulator 2 is arranged on an emergent light path of the single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser 1; the electro-optical modulator 2 receives an external microwave quantum signal and the emergent laser of the single-frequency continuous fiber laser 1 at the same time; a narrow-band filter 3, an optical attenuator 4 and an optical beam splitter 5 are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the electro-optical modulator 2, single-photon detectors 6 are respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the optical beam splitter 5, and the two single-photon detectors 6 are simultaneously connected with a quantum association processor 7.
The working principle of the specific implementation is as follows:
a single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser 1 with the center wavelength of 1550 +/-0.05 nm and the line width of less than 200Hz is adopted as a carrier source of microwave quantum signals, one path of laser emitted by the laser enters an electro-optical modulator 2, an external microwave quantum signal and a laser signal emitted by a single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser 1 are mixed, the mixed microwave quantum signal is converted into a carrier sideband signal through the electro-optical modulator 2 in a Mach-Zehnder mode or an electric absorption mode, the sideband signal is filtered out by a narrow-band rejection filter 3, the filtered sideband signal is attenuated by a continuous adjustable optical attenuator 4, the attenuated sideband signal is divided into two paths through a 1:1 optical beam splitter, and utilizes an indium gallium arsenic or superconducting nanowire single photon detector 6 to detect, and then inputs two detected signals into a multi-channel quantum correlation processor 7, and finally, calculating a second-order correlation characteristic between the two paths of signals to detect the microwave quantum signals.
And (3) judging a detection result:
when microwave quantum signals exist, the normalized second-order correlation value between two paths of signals detected by the single photon detector is near 1;
when only background thermal noise exists, the normalized second-order correlation value between two paths of signals detected by the single photon detector is near 2;
when the microwave quantum signals are mixed with background thermal noise, the normalized second-order correlation value between the two paths of signals detected by the single photon detector is between 1 and 2 according to different intensities of the background thermal noise.
Claims (8)
1. A microwave quantum correlation detection device is characterized in that:
the microwave single-frequency continuous fiber laser comprises a single-frequency continuous fiber laser (1), wherein an electro-optic modulator (2) is arranged on an emergent light path of the single-frequency continuous fiber laser (1), and the electro-optic modulator (2) receives an external microwave quantum signal and emergent laser of the single-frequency continuous fiber laser (1) simultaneously;
a narrow-band filter (3), an optical attenuator (4) and an optical beam splitter (5) are sequentially arranged on an emergent light path of the electro-optical modulator (2);
a single-photon detector (6) is respectively arranged on a reflection light path and a transmission light path of the light beam splitter (5), and the two single-photon detectors (6) are connected with a quantum association processor (7).
2. A microwave quantum correlation detection apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the center wavelength of the emergent laser of the single-frequency continuous optical fiber laser (1) is 1550 +/-0.05 nm, and the line width is less than 200 Hz.
3. The microwave quantum correlation detection device according to claim 2, wherein the operation mode of the electro-optical modulator (2) is a Mach-Zehnder mode or an electro-absorption mode, and the interface mode is an SMA interface or an FC interface.
4. A microwave quantum correlation detection apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the narrow band filter (3) is a band-stop filter; the optical attenuator (4) is a continuous variable optical attenuator.
5. The microwave quantum correlation detection device according to claim 4, wherein the splitting ratio of the optical beam splitter (5) is 1: 1.
6. The microwave quantum correlation detection device of claim 5, wherein the working medium of the single photon detector (6) is InGaAs or superconducting nanowire.
7. A microwave quantum correlation detection apparatus as claimed in claim 6, wherein said quantum correlation processor (7) has a multi-channel acquisition function.
8. A microwave quantum correlation detection method, characterized in that, by using the detection device as claimed in any one of claims 1-7, the following steps are performed:
(a) converting the received external microwave quantum signal into a carrier sideband signal of laser emitted by a single-frequency continuous fiber laser (1) through an electro-optic modulator (2);
(b) filtering out the carrier sideband signal by using a narrow-band filter (3), and attenuating the filtered carrier sideband signal by using an optical attenuator (4);
(c) the attenuated carrier sideband signals are divided into two paths of reflection and transmission by an optical beam splitter (5), and the two paths of reflection and transmission are respectively detected by two single photon detectors (6);
(d) the two paths of signals detected by the two single-photon detectors (6) are input into a quantum correlation processor (7), and the detection of the microwave quantum signals is realized by calculating the second-order correlation characteristics of the two paths of signals;
the judgment principle of the detection result is as follows:
when microwave quantum signals exist, the normalized second-order correlation value is near 1;
when only background thermal noise exists, the normalized second-order correlation value is near 2;
when the microwave quantum signal is mixed with background thermal noise, the normalized second-order correlation value is between 1 and 2 according to different intensities of the background thermal noise.
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| CN110932791B (en) * | 2019-11-16 | 2022-08-09 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十九研究所 | Single microwave quantum amplifier based on ultra-narrow band filtering and back-crossing effect |
| CN112902766A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-06-04 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Near-infrared quantum guide target detection system and method capable of resisting information decoy interference |
| US11946964B2 (en) | 2021-12-27 | 2024-04-02 | International Business Machines Corporation | Dual-sideband microwave interferometer |
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| CN108431687A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-21 | 国际商业机器公司 | Using the quantum coherent microwave of mechanical organ and SQUID to optical transition scheme |
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| US9329378B2 (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2016-05-03 | Joshua Noel Hogan | Photonic modulator and switch |
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| CN108431687A (en) * | 2015-12-17 | 2018-08-21 | 国际商业机器公司 | Using the quantum coherent microwave of mechanical organ and SQUID to optical transition scheme |
| CN105572690A (en) * | 2016-03-07 | 2016-05-11 | 中国科学技术大学 | Double-frequency coherent wind lidar based on single-frequency continuous light EOM modulation |
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