CN110005945B - Liquid ammonia conversion equipment and liquid ammonia conversion method - Google Patents
Liquid ammonia conversion equipment and liquid ammonia conversion method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110005945B CN110005945B CN201910334838.7A CN201910334838A CN110005945B CN 110005945 B CN110005945 B CN 110005945B CN 201910334838 A CN201910334838 A CN 201910334838A CN 110005945 B CN110005945 B CN 110005945B
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 287
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 29
- 238000012824 chemical production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical class [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
- F17C5/02—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures for filling with liquefied gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
- F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
- F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2225/0107—Single phase
- F17C2225/013—Single phase liquid
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
- F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
- F17C2227/0135—Pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0337—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling
- F17C2227/0358—Heat exchange with the fluid by cooling by expansion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
- F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
- F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
- F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical production, in particular to liquid ammonia conversion equipment and a liquid ammonia conversion method. The liquid ammonia conversion equipment comprises a normal temperature medium container, a cooling assembly, a throttle valve and a low temperature medium container; the normal temperature medium container is used for storing liquid ammonia with pressure at normal temperature; the cooling component is used for cooling the liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature medium container and is connected with the normal-temperature medium container through a pipeline; the throttle valve is connected with the cooling component through a pipeline and is used for reducing the liquid ammonia output by the cooling component to normal pressure, and the temperature of the liquid ammonia after the pressure reduction is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia so as to flash the liquid ammonia; the low-temperature medium container is connected with the throttle valve through a pipeline and is used for providing a flash space for the depressurized liquid ammonia and storing the liquid ammonia at low temperature and normal pressure. The low-temperature medium container stores the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the low-temperature medium container has lower bearing capacity requirement and lower engineering investment, so that the storage cost of the liquid ammonia is lower.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of chemical production, in particular to liquid ammonia conversion equipment and a liquid ammonia conversion method.
Background
Ammonia is a basic raw material for producing ammonia-containing fertilizers such as modified ammonium nitrate, ammonium phosphate, nitrophosphate fertilizers and the like and urea. Normally, the liquid ammonia is stored in the storage tank in a state of normal temperature and pressure, and because the pressure of the liquid ammonia in the normal temperature and pressure is large, a spherical tank is required to be stored, the internal stress of the spherical tank is small and uniform, the bearing capacity is large, but the manufacturing, welding and assembling requirements of the spherical tank are strict, the engineering investment is high, and the storage cost of the liquid ammonia is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide liquid ammonia conversion equipment and a liquid ammonia conversion method, so as to solve the problems that the storage cost of liquid ammonia is high because the engineering investment of a spherical tank is high and the liquid ammonia is stored in the spherical tank under pressure at normal temperature.
The aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
According to one aspect of the invention, the invention provides a liquid ammonia conversion device, comprising a normal temperature medium container, a cooling component, a throttle valve and a low temperature medium container; the normal temperature medium container is used for storing liquid ammonia with pressure at normal temperature; the cooling component is used for cooling the liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature medium container and is connected with the normal-temperature medium container through a pipeline; the throttle valve is connected with the cooling assembly through a pipeline and is used for reducing the liquid ammonia output by the cooling assembly to normal pressure, and the temperature of the liquid ammonia after the pressure reduction is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia so as to flash the liquid ammonia; the low-temperature medium container is connected with the throttle valve through a pipeline and is used for providing a flash space for the depressurized liquid ammonia and storing the liquid ammonia at low temperature and normal pressure.
In one embodiment, the liquid ammonia conversion device further comprises a delivery pump, wherein the delivery pump is arranged on a pipeline between the cooling component and the normal-temperature medium container, and the delivery pump can be used for conveying the liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature medium container to the cooling component.
In one embodiment, the cooling assembly includes a refrigeration compressor, a condenser, a first expansion valve, and an evaporator; the refrigeration compressor is used for compressing low-temperature low-pressure gas into high-temperature high-pressure steam; the condenser is communicated with the refrigeration compressor through a pipeline so as to cool the high-temperature high-pressure steam into low-temperature high-pressure liquid; the first expansion valve is connected with the condenser through a pipeline and used for reducing the low-temperature high-pressure liquid output by the condenser into low-temperature low-pressure liquid; the evaporator is communicated with the condenser through a pipeline so as to enable the low-temperature low-pressure liquid to exchange heat with the liquid ammonia to cool the liquid ammonia.
In one embodiment, the liquid ammonia conversion device further comprises a condensate recovery system arranged outside the low-temperature medium container, the condensate recovery system is communicated with the low-temperature medium container, and the condensate recovery system can compress and cool ammonia in the low-temperature medium container into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia and can reflux the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia into the low-temperature medium container.
In one embodiment, the condensate recovery system includes a BOG compressor, a BOG condenser, and a second expansion valve; the BOG compressor is communicated with the low-temperature medium container through a pipeline so as to compress ammonia in the low-temperature medium container into high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia steam; the BOG condenser is communicated with the BOG compressor through a pipeline so as to cool high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia steam into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia; the second expansion valve is communicated with the BOG condenser through a pipeline, and is used for cooling and reducing the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia output by the BOG condenser into low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and the second expansion valve can be used for transmitting the liquid ammonia to the low-temperature medium container.
In one embodiment, the condensate recovery system further comprises a receiving tank for temporarily storing low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, wherein the receiving tank is communicated with the second expansion valve and is communicated with the low-temperature medium container.
In one embodiment, the cryogenic medium container is a vertical cryogenic tank.
In one embodiment, the normal temperature medium container is a normal temperature spherical tank.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a liquid ammonia conversion method comprising the steps of:
Guiding out the normal-temperature liquid ammonia with pressure in the normal-temperature medium container to a cooling component for cooling;
reducing the pressure of the cooled liquid ammonia by using a throttle valve;
introducing the depressurized liquid ammonia into a low-temperature medium container for flash evaporation and conversion into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and storing the low-temperature medium container.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises the steps of:
after the liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation, the ammonia in the low-temperature medium container is compressed and condensed into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in a condensate recovery system;
and (3) refluxing the compressed and condensed liquid ammonia to the low-temperature medium container.
According to the technical scheme, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: when the liquid ammonia under pressure of normal temperature flows through the cooling component, the cooling component carries out first cooling on the liquid ammonia, when the liquid ammonia after the first cooling flows through the throttle valve, the throttle valve carries out second cooling on the liquid ammonia, and the liquid ammonia after depressurization is subjected to depressurization, flash evaporation is carried out on the liquid ammonia after depressurization, thereby the liquid ammonia under low temperature and normal pressure is converted, the liquid ammonia under normal temperature and normal pressure is input into the low temperature medium container, the conversion of the liquid ammonia under normal temperature and normal pressure on the liquid ammonia under low temperature and normal pressure is completed, and then the liquid ammonia under low temperature and normal pressure is stored by the low temperature medium container, the bearing capacity requirement of the low temperature medium container is lower, the engineering investment is lower, and the storage cost of the liquid ammonia is lower.
Drawings
For ease of illustration, the invention is described in detail by the following preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a liquid ammonia conversion device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a liquid ammonia conversion method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a liquid ammonia conversion method according to another embodiment of the present invention.
Description of the reference numerals: 1. a normal temperature medium container; 2. a transfer pump; 3. a cooling assembly; 31. a refrigeration compressor; 32. a condenser; 33. an evaporator; 4. a low temperature medium container; 5. a pipeline.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the described features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly, as well as, for example, fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled, unless otherwise specifically indicated and defined. Either mechanically or electrically. Can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communicated with the inside of two elements or the interaction relationship of the two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The invention provides liquid ammonia conversion equipment which is used for converting normal-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, so that a low-temperature medium container can be used for storing the normal-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia, and further the storage cost of the liquid ammonia is reduced.
Referring to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the liquid ammonia conversion apparatus includes a normal temperature medium container 1, a low temperature medium container 4 communicating with the normal temperature medium container 1 through a pipe 5, a transfer pump 2 provided on the pipe 5, a cooling unit 3 connected to the pipe 5, a throttle valve (not shown) provided on the pipe 5, and a condensate recovery system (not shown) communicating with the low temperature medium container 4.
The normal temperature medium container 1, the delivery pump 2, the cooling component 3, the throttle valve and the low temperature medium container 4 are sequentially connected through a pipeline 5.
The normal temperature medium container 1 is used for storing normal temperature liquid ammonia with pressure. The delivery pump 2 is used for delivering the liquid ammonia in the normal temperature medium container 1 to the low temperature medium container 4 and increasing the pressure of the liquid ammonia. The cooling assembly 3 is used for cooling the flowing liquid ammonia so that the liquid ammonia with pressure at normal temperature is converted into the liquid ammonia with pressure at low temperature. The throttle valve is used for cooling and reducing the pressure of the liquid ammonia cooled by the cooling component 3, so that the reduced pressure liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation, and is converted into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and ammonia is evaporated. The low-temperature medium container 4 provides a larger space for flash evaporation and is used for receiving low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia. The condensate recovery system is used for compressing and condensing ammonia in the low-temperature medium container 4 into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia and refluxing the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia into the low-temperature medium container 4.
The normal temperature medium container 1 adopts a normal temperature spherical tank and is used for storing normal temperature liquid ammonia with pressure. The temperature of the liquid ammonia under pressure at normal temperature is approximately 20 ℃ and the pressure is approximately 0.7MPaG. Wherein PaG is gauge pressure unit, gauge pressure = absolute pressure-atmospheric pressure.
The pressure in the normal temperature medium container 1 is larger than the pressure in the low temperature medium container 4, and the normal temperature liquid ammonia with pressure in the normal temperature medium container 1 can be naturally transmitted into the low temperature medium container 4 under the action of pressure difference.
The delivery pump 2 is used for delivering the liquid ammonia in the normal temperature medium container 1 to the low temperature medium container 4, and increasing the pressure of the liquid ammonia by 0.5MPaG-0.7MPaG, so that the pressure in the pipeline is maintained at 1.2MPaG-1.4MPaG, and the liquid ammonia is stably delivered. The delivery pump 2 has an impeller structure and can pressurize liquid ammonia.
The cooling assembly 3 includes a refrigerant compressor 31, a condenser 32 in communication with the refrigerant compressor 31 through a line, an evaporator 33 in communication with the condenser 32 through a line, and a first expansion valve (not shown) provided on the line between the condenser 32 and the evaporator 33.
The refrigerant compressor 31 is used to compress low-temperature low-pressure gas into high-temperature high-pressure steam. Wherein the low-temperature low-pressure gas is a refrigerant which is low-temperature low-pressure and is in a gaseous state, and ammonia, freon and the like can be adopted as the refrigerant.
The condenser 32 cools the high temperature, high pressure vapor into a low temperature, high pressure liquid.
The first expansion valve depressurizes the low-temperature high-pressure liquid output from the condenser 32 into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid.
The evaporator 33 is connected to the pipe 5 between the delivery pump 2 and the throttle valve to exchange heat between the low-temperature low-pressure liquid and the liquid ammonia to cool the liquid ammonia under pressure at normal temperature in the pipe 5, so that the liquid ammonia under pressure at normal temperature is converted into the liquid ammonia under pressure at low temperature. The temperature of the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia is-27 ℃ to-30 ℃.
The evaporator 33 communicates with the refrigeration compressor 31 through a line, thereby constituting a refrigeration cycle.
A throttle valve is located downstream of the cooling module 3 for reducing the liquid ammonia cooled by the evaporator 33 to normal pressure and further reducing the temperature of the liquid ammonia. Wherein, the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia is 10kPaG, and the corresponding boiling point is-33 ℃.
The throttle valve forms a small hole through the contraction valve, so that the flow speed of low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia passing through the small hole is accelerated, and then the liquid ammonia passing through the valve is reduced to normal pressure. When the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia small holes are sprayed out, the small hole resistance is overcome, so that the internal energy is reduced, and the temperature of the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia is reduced.
After throttling, the low-temperature and pressure liquid ammonia is converted into low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the temperature of the low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia is approximately-32 ℃, and the temperature of the low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, so that the liquid ammonia can be subjected to flash evaporation.
Specifically, the low-temperature medium container 4 provides a large enough space for flash evaporation, and further, the throttled and converted low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia enters the low-temperature medium container 4, evaporates ammonia gas, and is stored in the low-temperature medium container 4 in a saturated state.
The low-temperature medium container 4 adopts a vertical low-temperature storage tank, and compared with a spherical tank, the vertical low-temperature storage tank has lower manufacturing cost. The pressure in the vertical cryogenic tank was 10kPaG. The liquid ammonia is stored in the vertical low-temperature storage tank in a low-temperature normal-pressure state, so that the liquid ammonia is favorable for long-time storage. Compared with a spherical tank, the vertical low-temperature storage tank has larger volume and can store more liquid ammonia under the same cost budget.
The condensate recovery system includes a BOG (Boil Off Gas) compressor, a BOG condenser in communication with the BOG compressor via a pipeline, a receiving tank in communication with the BOG condenser via a pipeline, and a second expansion valve disposed on the pipeline between the receiving tank and the condenser.
The BOG compressor is communicated with the vertical low-temperature storage tank through a pipeline so as to compress ammonia gas in the vertical low-temperature storage tank into high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia steam.
The BOG condenser is used for cooling high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor compressed by the BOG compressor into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia.
The second expansion valve reduces the temperature and pressure of the normal-temperature high-pressure liquid ammonia into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia.
The receiving tank is used for temporarily storing low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia and is communicated with the low-temperature medium container 4 through a pipeline, and the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia can be transferred to the vertical low-temperature storage tank.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the vertical low-temperature storage tank stores low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia. The delivery pump 2 works so that the pressure of the normal-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia in the pipeline 5 upstream of the throttle valve is maintained at 1.2MPaG-1.4MPaG, and the liquid ammonia in the vertical low-temperature storage tank is stably delivered.
The refrigeration compressor 31 operates to compress low-temperature low-pressure gas into high-temperature high-pressure steam, and to transmit the high-temperature high-pressure steam into the condenser 32. The condenser 32 cools the high temperature and high pressure vapor into a low temperature and high pressure liquid and delivers the low temperature and high pressure liquid to the first expansion valve. The first expansion valve throttles the low temperature, high pressure liquid to a low temperature, low pressure liquid and delivers the low temperature, low pressure liquid to the evaporator 33. The low-temperature low-pressure liquid is evaporated into low-temperature low-pressure gas in the evaporator 33, and the heat of the liquid ammonia in the pipeline 5 is taken away, so that the liquid ammonia with the pressure at the normal temperature is converted into the liquid ammonia with the pressure at the low temperature of-27 ℃ to-30 ℃, and the temperature of the liquid ammonia is greatly reduced. The evaporated low-temperature low-pressure gas is inputted into the refrigeration compressor 31 to form a refrigeration cycle.
The throttle valve throttles the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia cooled by the evaporator 33 into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia of-32 ℃ and inputs the liquid ammonia into the vertical low-temperature storage tank. Because the temperature of the low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation, and ammonia gas is evaporated, so that the low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia is stored in a vertical low-temperature storage tank in a saturated state. The cooling component 3 is matched with the throttle valve, so that the temperature of the throttled liquid ammonia is approximately-32 ℃, slightly higher than the boiling point-33 ℃ corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, and the temperature difference is smaller, so that the amount of vaporized ammonia is smaller, the capacity and configuration of the BOG compressor can be correspondingly reduced, the total energy consumption is reduced, and in addition, when the BOG compressor is inlet equipment, the equipment investment can be greatly reduced.
The BOG compressor operates to compress ammonia gas in the vertical cryogenic tank to high temperature, high pressure ammonia vapor. The BOG condenser cools the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor compressed by the BOG compressor into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia. The second expansion valve throttles the normal-temperature high-pressure liquid ammonia into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and transmits the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia to the receiving tank. The receiving tank temporarily stores the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia flowing out of the second expansion valve joint, and when the set volume is accumulated, the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in the receiving tank is conveyed into the vertical low-temperature storage tank through the pump so as to stabilize the pressure in the vertical low-temperature storage tank.
In other embodiments, not shown, a vertical ambient storage tank may also be used for the ambient medium container.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention further provides a liquid ammonia conversion method, where the method may be performed based on the liquid ammonia conversion apparatus described above. For ease of understanding, please refer to fig. 1 at the same time, the following details are described in connection with the specific structure of the liquid ammonia converting apparatus.
A liquid ammonia conversion method comprising the steps of:
s1, guiding out the normal-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature medium container 1 to the cooling assembly 3 for cooling.
Specifically, the pressure of the normal-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia in the upstream pipe 5 of the throttle valve is maintained at 1.2MPaG-1.4MPaG by the delivery pump 2, so that the liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature spherical tank is stably transported outward, and the liquid ammonia flows through the cooling module 3.
The refrigerant compressor 31 compresses low-temperature low-pressure gas into high-temperature high-pressure steam, and transmits the high-temperature high-pressure steam into the condenser 32. Then, the condenser 32 cools the high-temperature and high-pressure vapor into a low-temperature and high-pressure liquid, and transfers the low-temperature and high-pressure liquid to the first expansion valve. Further, the first expansion valve throttles the low-temperature high-pressure liquid into a low-temperature low-pressure liquid, and sends the low-temperature low-pressure liquid to the evaporator 33. The low-temperature low-pressure liquid is evaporated into low-temperature low-pressure gas in the evaporator 33, and the heat of the liquid ammonia in the pipeline 5 is taken away, so that the liquid ammonia under pressure at normal temperature is converted into the liquid ammonia under pressure at low temperature of-27 ℃ to-30 ℃. The evaporated low-temperature low-pressure gas is inputted into the refrigeration compressor 31 to form a refrigeration cycle.
S2, reducing the pressure of the cooled liquid ammonia by using a throttle valve.
Specifically, the throttle valve throttles the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia cooled by the evaporator 33 to cool down and depressurize the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia, so that the low-temperature pressurized liquid ammonia is converted into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the temperature of the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia is reduced to-32 ℃, and the pressure is reduced to 10kPaG.
S3, introducing the depressurized liquid ammonia into a low-temperature medium container 4, performing flash evaporation to convert the depressurized liquid ammonia into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and storing the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in the low-temperature medium container 4.
Specifically, low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia flowing out through the throttle valve flows into the vertical low-temperature storage tank. Because the temperature of the low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, the low-temperature low-pressure liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation to evaporate ammonia gas, and then the ammonia gas is stored in a vertical low-temperature storage tank in a saturated state, wherein the pressure of the liquid ammonia in the saturated state is 10kPaG, and the temperature is-33 ℃.
The cooling component 3 reduces the temperature of the liquid ammonia to-27 ℃ to-30 ℃, and the throttle valve further reduces the temperature of the liquid ammonia, so that the temperature of the throttled liquid ammonia is approximately-32 ℃, slightly higher than the boiling point-33 ℃ corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, and the temperature difference is smaller, so that the amount of vaporized ammonia is smaller, the capacity and configuration of the BOG compressor can be correspondingly reduced, the total energy consumption can be reduced, and in addition, when the BOG compressor is an inlet device, the equipment investment can be greatly reduced.
In another embodiment, referring to fig. 3, after step S3, the method further includes:
S4, after the liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation, the ammonia gas in the low-temperature medium container 4 is compressed and condensed into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in a condensate recovery system.
Specifically, after the liquid ammonia is flashed, the BOG compressor compresses ammonia gas in the vertical low-temperature storage tank into high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor. The BOG condenser cools the high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia vapor compressed by the BOG compressor into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia so as to stabilize the pressure in the vertical low-temperature storage tank. The second expansion valve throttles the normal-temperature high-pressure liquid ammonia into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia. After the second expansion valve throttles the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the receiving tank temporarily stores the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia.
S5, refluxing the compressed and condensed liquid ammonia into the low-temperature medium container 4.
Specifically, when the set volume is accumulated, the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in the receiving tank is transported to the vertical low-temperature storage tank by the pump.
The invention has at least the following advantages:
1. the low-temperature medium container 4 stores the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the bearing capacity requirement of the low-temperature medium container 4 is lower, the engineering investment is lower, and the storage cost of the liquid ammonia is lower.
2. The cooling component 3 reduces the temperature of the liquid ammonia to-27 ℃ to-30 ℃, and the throttle valve further reduces the temperature of the liquid ammonia, so that the temperature of the throttled liquid ammonia is approximately-32 ℃, slightly higher than the boiling point-33 ℃ corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, and the temperature difference is smaller, so that the amount of vaporized ammonia is smaller, the capacity and configuration of the BOG compressor can be correspondingly reduced, the total energy consumption can be reduced, and in addition, when the BOG compressor is an inlet device, the equipment investment can be greatly reduced.
3. The liquid ammonia is stored in the vertical low-temperature storage tank in a low-temperature normal-pressure state, so that the liquid ammonia is favorable for long-time storage.
In the description of the present specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. A liquid ammonia conversion apparatus, characterized by comprising:
A normal temperature medium container for storing liquid ammonia under pressure at normal temperature;
the cooling component is used for cooling the liquid ammonia in the normal-temperature medium container, the temperature of the cooled liquid ammonia is between-27 ℃ and-30 ℃, and the cooling component is connected with the normal-temperature medium container through a pipeline;
the throttle valve is connected with the cooling assembly through a pipeline and is used for reducing the liquid ammonia output by the cooling assembly to normal pressure, and the temperature of the liquid ammonia after pressure reduction is higher than the boiling point corresponding to the normal pressure of the liquid ammonia, and the temperature of the liquid ammonia after throttling is minus 32 ℃ so as to flash the liquid ammonia;
the low-temperature medium container is connected with the throttle valve through a pipeline and is used for providing a flash space for the depressurized liquid ammonia and storing the liquid ammonia at low temperature and normal pressure;
The cooling assembly includes:
the refrigeration compressor is used for compressing low-temperature low-pressure gas into high-temperature high-pressure steam;
The condenser is communicated with the refrigeration compressor through a pipeline so as to cool the high-temperature high-pressure steam into low-temperature high-pressure liquid;
The first expansion valve is connected with the condenser through a pipeline and used for reducing the low-temperature high-pressure liquid output by the condenser into low-temperature low-pressure liquid;
An evaporator which is communicated with the condenser through a pipeline so as to enable the low-temperature low-pressure liquid to exchange heat with the liquid ammonia to cool the liquid ammonia;
The liquid ammonia conversion equipment further comprises a condensate recovery system arranged outside the low-temperature medium container, the condensate recovery system is communicated with the low-temperature medium container, and the condensate recovery system can compress and cool ammonia in the low-temperature medium container into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia and can reflux the low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia into the low-temperature medium container.
2. The liquid ammonia conversion apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a delivery pump provided on a pipe between the cooling module and the normal temperature medium container, the delivery pump being capable of delivering liquid ammonia in the normal temperature medium container to the cooling module.
3. The liquid ammonia conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the condensate recovery system comprises:
the BOG compressor is communicated with the low-temperature medium container through a pipeline so as to compress ammonia in the low-temperature medium container into high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia steam;
the BOG condenser is communicated with the BOG compressor through a pipeline so as to cool high-temperature and high-pressure ammonia steam into normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia;
The second expansion valve is communicated with the BOG condenser through a pipeline and used for reducing the temperature and the pressure of the normal-temperature and high-pressure liquid ammonia output by the BOG condenser into low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and the second expansion valve can be used for transmitting the low-temperature and normal-pressure liquid ammonia to the low-temperature medium container.
4. A liquid ammonia conversion apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the condensate recovery system further comprises a receiving tank for temporarily storing low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, the receiving tank being in communication with the second expansion valve and with the low-temperature medium container.
5. The liquid ammonia conversion apparatus of claim 1, wherein the cryogenic medium container is a vertical cryogenic tank.
6. The liquid ammonia conversion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the normal temperature medium container is a normal temperature spherical tank.
7. A liquid ammonia conversion method, characterized by being applied to the liquid ammonia conversion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
Guiding out the normal-temperature liquid ammonia with pressure in the normal-temperature medium container to a cooling component for cooling, wherein the temperature of the cooled liquid ammonia is between-27 ℃ and-30 ℃;
Reducing the pressure of the cooled liquid ammonia by using a throttle valve, wherein the temperature of the throttled liquid ammonia is minus 32 ℃;
introducing the depressurized liquid ammonia into a low-temperature medium container for flash evaporation and conversion into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia, and storing the low-temperature medium container.
8. The liquid ammonia conversion method according to claim 7, further comprising the step of:
after the liquid ammonia is subjected to flash evaporation, the ammonia in the low-temperature medium container is compressed and condensed into low-temperature normal-pressure liquid ammonia in a condensate recovery system;
and (3) refluxing the compressed and condensed liquid ammonia to the low-temperature medium container.
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