CN110005772B - Permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device, which belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission. In the permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device, a driven outer cylinder is arranged between the right end cover and the left end cover, the input shaft passes through the right end cover, and the input shaft rotates to connect the right end cover and the left end cover through the first bearing and the second bearing respectively, The outer side of the left end cover is provided with an output shaft coaxially arranged with the input shaft, and a driving cylinder is arranged on the part between the right end cover and the left end cover on the input shaft. There is a gap between the component and the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder. A closed space is formed between the driving cylinder and the driven outer cylinder through the sealing component. The closed space is filled with magnetorheological fluid. Adjust the magnetic adjustment mechanism for the rotation of the steering column. The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: large torque transmission can be realized, the power loss of the device is low, the magnetic circuit structure is simple, and the control operation is convenient.

Description

Permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of mechanical transmission, in particular to a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device.

Background technique

At present, the mature mechanical power transmission devices mainly include jaw clutches, friction disc clutches, magnetic powder clutches, hydraulic couplings and liquid viscous clutches. Existing mature mechanical power transmission devices all have more or less defects. The jaw clutch has a large impact when it is in contact, and requires a low speed when it is separated, so it cannot be used in occasions requiring speed regulation; the friction disc clutch relies on the friction between the transmission friction discs to transmit torque, and the transmission parts wear a lot; the magnetic powder clutch is based on electromagnetic In principle, the magnetic powder is used to transmit the torque, but in order to distribute the magnetic powder evenly, it needs to be rotated before work. When the transmission is at a high speed, the transmission torque is prone to fluctuate due to the centrifugal force of the magnetic powder. The phenomenon of dead and so on; the hydraulic coupling transmits torque by oil, its speed regulation range is small, and the transmission efficiency is low at low speed.

Magnetorheological transmission is a new type of power transmission technology developed in the 1990s. Its transmission theory is based on the rheological effect of magnetorheological fluid, using magnetorheological fluid as the power transmission medium. Change the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, and then adjust the transmission torque or rotational speed. The magnetorheological transmission device is a power transmission device developed by using the magnetorheological transmission technology. It has the advantages of fast response speed (usually millisecond level), less wear and tear of transmission parts, and simple control (by adjusting the external magnetic field, torque or It is an ideal power transmission device, which has the characteristics of small size, low control energy consumption, low control voltage, and insensitivity to the interference of external impurities. Adjustment, stepless speed regulation, overload safety protection and other aspects have unique advantages. At present, the research and application of magnetorheological devices at home and abroad are mostly concentrated in vibration control fields such as dampers, while the research and application of magnetorheological transmission technology is less, and no mature magnetorheological transmission products have appeared in China. There are only a few commercial magnetorheological transmission products in foreign countries, and their introduction is limited to general technical principles, and the key technologies of the development process are still in the confidential stage. In addition, the existing magnetorheological transmission products have small transmission torque, high power loss, complex magnetic circuit structure, and inconvenient operation and adjustment, which limit their application scope, and there is an urgent need to study high torque transmission technology. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to carry out research on magnetorheological transmission technology in my country and to further promote the development of magnetorheological products in the direction of application.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device, which solves the technical problems of small transmission torque, high power loss, complex magnetic circuit structure and inconvenient operation and adjustment of current magnetorheological transmission products.

The invention provides a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device, comprising a right end cover, a left end cover, a driven outer cylinder, an input shaft and an output shaft, the driven outer cylinder is arranged between the right end cover and the left end cover, and the input shaft passes through The right end cover and the input shaft are respectively connected to the right end cover and the left end cover through the first bearing and the second bearing. The outer side of the left end cover is provided with an output shaft arranged coaxially with the input shaft. A driving cylinder is provided, a plurality of magnetic tube assemblies are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the middle part of the driving cylinder, a gap is left between the magnetic tube assembly and the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder, and the driving cylinder and the driven outer cylinder are sealed by a sealing assembly. The closed space is filled with magnetorheological fluid; the magnetic tube assembly includes a permanent magnet, a steering column, a magnetic control tube and a liquid spacer sleeve. The shape of the permanent magnet is that the opposite ends of the side of the cylinder are cut by planes. The permanent magnet is connected to the steering column and the two are arranged coaxially. The magnetic control tube includes a pair of magnetic conductive sheets and a pair of non-magnetic conductive sheets. Both the magnetic conductive sheets and the non-magnetic conductive sheets are arc-shaped structures. The magnetic sheet and the non-magnetic conductive sheet are arranged at intervals and spliced together to form a magnetic control tube. The permanent magnet is wrapped around the magnetic control tube and the steering column is exposed from the magnetic control tube. A drive cylinder; a magnetic adjustment mechanism for adjusting the rotation of the steering column is arranged on the input shaft and near the left end cover.

Further, the magnetic adjustment mechanism includes a steering gear assembly seat, a steering gear, a gear, a series sleeve, an intermediate sleeve, a ring gear and a connecting rod, and a steering gear assembly seat is provided on the input shaft and near the left end cover, and the steering gear assembly seat There is a rotating shaft arranged coaxially with the input shaft, the rotating shaft is assembled to connect the inner ring of the second bearing, the steering gear is set on the steering gear assembly seat, the output shaft of the steering gear is assembled with gears, the input shaft is rotated and connected to the series sleeve, and the left end of the series sleeve is connected. The ring gear is connected through the middle sleeve, the gear meshes with the ring gear, the right end of the series sleeve rotates to connect one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod rotates to connect the non-axial position of the end face of the steering column.

Further, one end of the steering column is provided with a groove matching the shape of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is embedded in the groove, and one end of the steering column is spliced with the permanent magnet to form a cylindrical structure.

Further, the input shaft is connected to the steering gear assembly seat through the outer sleeve, and the steering gear, gear, series sleeve, intermediate sleeve, ring gear and connecting rod are all located inside the outer sleeve.

Further, the steering gear is connected to the power supply via a cable, the left end of the input shaft is provided with a first wire hole, the right end of the input shaft is provided with a second wire hole, the input shaft is provided with a wire slot connecting the first wire hole and the second wire hole, and the input shaft is provided with a wire slot. A first via slip ring is set at the left end of the input shaft close to the first wire hole, and a second via slip ring is set at the right end of the input shaft close to the second wire hole, and the cables pass through the first via slip ring, the first Wire hole, wire groove, second wire hole and second via slip ring.

Further, the sealing assembly includes a magnetic tube sealing cover and a large sealing ring, a magnetic tube sealing cover is arranged at the connection between the liquid-separating sleeve and the driving cylinder, a large sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder, and the large sealing ring is slidably connected to the driving cylinder.

Further, the permanent magnet is made of NdFeB material.

Further, the magnetic conductive sheet is made of iron material.

Further, the non-magnetic conductive sheet is made of aluminum material.

Further, the steering column is made of iron material.

Compared with the prior art, the permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device of the present invention has the following characteristics and advantages:

The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device of the invention has simple and compact device structure, adopts permanent magnet structure design, simple magnetic circuit structure, low cost investment, can realize large torque transmission, low device power loss, and reduces its own Heating, can change the distribution of flow field and magnetic field, strengthen the local magnetic field, and then improve the shear resistance of the magnetorheological fluid, and can realize 0-100% stepless adjustment of the output speed during the operation of the device, which is easy to control and operate smoothly. ,Safe and reliable.

The features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent after reading the detailed description of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art more clearly, the following briefly introduces the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are For some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.

Fig. 1 is the general assembly drawing of the permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device of the embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a cross-sectional view of a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the left and right positions of the device in FIG. 2 and FIG. 1 are reversed;

3 is a schematic diagram 1 of a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention after a part of the structure is removed;

Fig. 4 is the partial enlarged view of A place in Fig. 3;

5 is a second schematic diagram of the permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to the embodiment of the present invention after the partial structure is removed. Compared with FIG. 3, FIG. 5 also shows a steering gear, a gear, a ring gear and an outer sleeve;

Fig. 6 is a partial enlarged view at B in Fig. 5;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic regulation control principle of the permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to the embodiment of the present invention;

8 is a perspective view of a magnetic tube assembly of a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is the sectional view of Fig. 8;

10 is a perspective view of a steering column of a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

in,

1. Output shaft, 2. Steering gear assembly seat, 3. Second bearing, 4. Driven outer cylinder, 5. Steering gear fixing rod, 6. Steering gear, 7. Gear, 8. Fixed first through hole slip ring Rod, 9, Ring gear, 10, First through hole slip ring, 11, Intermediate sleeve, 12, Outer sleeve, 13, Third wire hole, 14, First wire hole, 15, Tandem sleeve, 16, Steering column , 17, connecting rod, 18, permanent magnet, 19, left magnetic tube sealing cover, 20, left large sealing ring, 21, magnetic conductive sheet, 22, non-magnetic conductive sheet, 23, input shaft, 24, right magnetic tube seal Cover, 25, sealing ring sleeve, 26, right end cover, 27, right large sealing ring 28, first bearing, 29, retaining ring, 30, bearing end cover, 31, second wire hole, 32, second through hole Slip ring, 33, drive cylinder, 34, left end cover, 35, shaft.

Detailed ways

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 10 , this embodiment provides a permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device, in which a driven outer cylinder 4 is arranged between the right end cover 26 and the left end cover 34 , and the input shaft 23 passes through the right end cover 26 The input shaft 23 is rotatably connected to the right end cover 26 and the left end cover 34 through the first bearing 28 and the second bearing 3 respectively, and the bearing end cover 30 is provided on the outer side of the first bearing 28 . The output shaft 1 is disposed on the outer side of the left end cover 34 , and the output shaft 1 and the input shaft 23 are arranged coaxially. A drive cylinder 33 is provided on the input shaft 23 between the right end cover 26 and the left end cover 34 . A plurality of magnet tube assemblies are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the middle portion of the driving cylinder 33 . There is a gap between the magnetic tube assembly and the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder 4, and a closed space is formed between the driving cylinder 33 and the driven outer cylinder 4 through a sealing assembly, and the closed space is filled with magnetorheological fluid.

The magnet tube assembly includes a permanent magnet 18 , a steering column 16 , a shunt tube and a liquid spacer sleeve. The shape of the permanent magnet 18 is a quasi-cylindrical body formed by plane-cutting both opposite ends of the side surface of the cylinder. The permanent magnet 18 is connected to the steering column 16 and the two are coaxially arranged. One end of the steering column 16 is provided with a groove in shape matching with the permanent magnet 18, the permanent magnet 18 is embedded in the groove, and one end of the steering column 16 and the permanent magnet 18 are spliced into a cylindrical structure. The magnetic control tube includes a pair of magnetic conductive sheets 21 and a pair of non-magnetic conductive sheets 22. The magnetic conductive sheets 21 and the non-magnetic conductive sheets 22 are both arc-shaped structures. The magnetic conductive sheets 21 and the non-magnetic conductive sheets 22 are arranged at intervals and spliced together. For the magnetic control tube. The permanent magnet 18 is wrapped with a magnetic regulating tube, the steering column 16 is exposed from the magnetic regulating tube, and the magnetic regulating tube is surrounded by a liquid-separating sleeve, and both ends of the liquid-separating sleeve are connected to the driving cylinder 33 . In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 18 is made of NdFeB material, the magnetic conductive sheet 21 is made of iron material, the non-magnetic conductive sheet 22 is made of aluminum material, and the steering column 16 is made of iron material.

A magnetic adjustment mechanism is provided on the input shaft 23 and near the left end cover 34 , and the magnetic adjustment mechanism is used to adjust the rotation of the steering column 16 . The magnetic adjustment mechanism includes a steering gear mounting base 2 , a steering gear 6 , a gear 7 , a series sleeve 15 , an intermediate sleeve 11 , a ring gear 9 and a connecting rod 17 . A steering gear mounting base 2 is provided on the input shaft 23 and near the left end cover 34 . The steering gear mounting base 2 is provided with a rotating shaft 35 coaxially arranged with the input shaft 23 . The steering gear assembly seat 2 is assembled with the steering gear 6 through the steering gear fixing rod 5, the output shaft of the steering gear 6 is fitted with the gear 7, the input shaft 23 is rotated and connected to the series sleeve 15, and the left end of the series sleeve 15 is connected to the ring gear 9 through the intermediate sleeve 11. , the gear 7 meshes with the ring gear 9. The right end of the series sleeve 15 is connected to one end of the connecting rod 17 by rotation, and the other end of the connecting rod 17 is connected to the non-axial position of the end surface of the steering column 16 by rotation.

The input shaft 23 is connected to the steering gear mounting base 2 through the outer sleeve 12 . The steering gear 6 , the gear 7 , the series sleeve 15 , the intermediate sleeve 11 , the ring gear 9 and the connecting rod 17 are all located inside the outer sleeve 12 . On the one hand, the outer sleeve 12 is used for the connection between the input shaft 23 and the steering gear mounting seat 2 , and on the other hand, it is used to protect the various components located in it.

The steering gear 6 is connected to the power supply via a cable, the left end of the input shaft 23 is provided with a first wire hole 14, the right end of the input shaft 23 is provided with a second wire hole 31, the outer sleeve 12 is provided with a third wire hole 13, and the input shaft 23 is provided with a communication hole The wire grooves of the first wire hole 14 and the second wire hole 31, the left end of the input shaft 23 is provided with a first through hole slip ring 10 at the position close to the first wire hole 14, wherein the steering gear assembly seat 2 slides through the first through hole. The ring fixing rod 8 is connected to the first through hole slip ring 10 . A second through hole slip ring 32 is provided at the right end of the input shaft 23 near the second wire hole 31 , and the cables drawn from the steering gear 6 pass through the third wire hole 13 , the first through hole slip ring 10 , and the first wire in sequence. The hole 14 , the wire slot, the second wire hole 31 and the second through hole slip ring 32 .

The sealing assembly includes a magnetic tube sealing cover (left magnetic tube sealing cover 19, right magnetic tube sealing cover 24) and a large sealing ring (left large sealing ring 20, right large sealing ring 27). The left magnetic tube sealing cover 19 is provided at the connection between the liquid-separating sleeve and the left end of the driving cylinder 33, the right magnetic tube sealing cover 24 is installed at the connection between the liquid-separating sleeve and the right end of the driving cylinder 33, and the left end of the inner wall of the driven outer tube 4 is provided with a left magnetic tube sealing cover 24. For the large sealing ring 20 , a right large sealing ring 27 is provided on the right end of the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder 4 , and the left large sealing ring 20 and the right large sealing ring 27 are both slidably connected to the driving cylinder 33 .

A blocking ring 29 is arranged on the input shaft 23 and inside the first bearing 28 , and a sealing ring sleeve 25 is arranged on the input shaft 23 and inside the blocking ring 29 . The side surface of the sealing ring sleeve 25 is attached to the right large sealing ring 27 , and the end surface of the sealing ring sleeve 25 is attached to the right magnetic tube sealing cover 24 . The retaining ring 29 is used for axial positioning, and the sealing ring sleeve 25 realizes the secondary sealing.

The operation process of the permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device of this embodiment is as follows: the output shaft of the motor is connected to the input shaft 23, the steering gear 6 is controlled to start to drive the gear 7 to rotate, and the rotation of the gear 7 drives the rotation of the ring gear 9 and drives the series connection. The rotation of the sleeve 15, the series sleeve 15 drives the rotation of the steering column 16 through the connecting rod 17, and the steering column 16 further drives the permanent magnet 18 to rotate a certain angle relative to the magnetic regulating tube (the magnetic conductive sheet 21 and the non-magnetic conductive sheet 22), thereby realizing adjustment. Magnetic field strength in magnetorheological fluids. Under the action of different magnetic field strengths, the shear yield strengths of magnetorheological fluids are different. When the magnetic field strength is low, the motor is started, and the input shaft 23 drives the driving cylinder 33 and the magnetic tube assembly to rotate synchronously. The magnet tube assembly rotates about the input shaft 23 to agitate the magnetorheological fluid. When the magnetic field strength is high, the magnetorheological fluid produces a rheological effect under the influence of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 18, the driving cylinder 33 drives the driven outer cylinder 4 to rotate through the magnetorheological fluid, and transmits the torque to the left end cover 34 until the output shaft 1, and finally achieve the purpose of transmission. During the operation of the device, control the rotation angle of the steering gear 6, adjust the rotation of the permanent magnet 18 relative to the magnetic regulating tube (the magnetic conductive sheet 21 and the non-magnetic conductive sheet 22) to a certain angle, and adjust the magnetic field strength in the magnetorheological fluid, so that the device transmits different torque values.

The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device of this embodiment has a simple and compact device structure, adopts a permanent magnet structure design, a relatively simple magnetic circuit structure, low cost investment, can realize large torque transmission, low device power loss, and reduced power consumption. Self-heating can change the distribution of the flow field and magnetic field, strengthen the local magnetic field, and then improve the shear resistance of the magnetorheological fluid. It can realize 0-100% stepless adjustment of the output speed during the operation of the device, which is convenient for control operation and operation. Smooth, safe and reliable.

Of course, the above description is not intended to limit the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the above examples. Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions made by those skilled in the art within the essential scope of the present invention should also belong to the present invention. the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device, it is characterized in that: comprise right end cover, left end cover, driven outer cylinder, input shaft and output shaft, set driven outer cylinder between right end cover and left end cover, input The shaft passes through the right end cover and the input shaft rotates to connect the right end cover and the left end cover through the first bearing and the second bearing respectively. A driving cylinder is arranged in the middle part of the driving cylinder, and a plurality of magnetic tube assemblies are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the middle part of the driving cylinder. There is a gap between the magnetic tube assembly and the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder. The assembly is sealed to form a closed space, and the closed space is filled with magnetorheological fluid; the magnetic tube assembly includes a permanent magnet, a steering column, a magnetic control tube and a liquid spacer sleeve. The shape of the permanent magnet is that the opposite ends of the side of the cylinder are flat The quasi-cylindrical body formed after cutting, the permanent magnet is connected to the steering column and the two are arranged coaxially. The magnetic control tube includes a pair of magnetic conductive sheets and a pair of non-magnetic conductive sheets. Both the magnetic conductive sheet and the non-magnetic conductive sheet are arc structures The magnetic conductive sheet and the non-magnetic conductive sheet are arranged at intervals and spliced together to form a magnetic control tube. The permanent magnet wraps the magnetic control tube and the steering column is exposed from the magnetic control tube. The magnetic control tube is wrapped with a liquid barrier sleeve. The two ends are connected to the drive cylinder; the input shaft is provided with a magnetic adjustment mechanism for adjusting the rotation of the steering column, and the magnetic adjustment mechanism includes a steering gear assembly seat, a steering gear, a gear, a series sleeve, an intermediate sleeve, and a ring gear and connecting rod, a steering gear assembly seat is arranged on the input shaft and close to the left end cover, the steering gear assembly seat is provided with a rotating shaft coaxially arranged with the input shaft, the rotating shaft is assembled to connect the inner ring of the second bearing, and the steering gear assembly seat is provided with The steering gear, the output shaft of the steering gear is equipped with gears, the input shaft rotates to connect the series sleeve, the left end of the series sleeve is connected to the ring gear through the middle sleeve, the gear meshes with the ring gear, and the right end of the series sleeve rotates to connect one end of the connecting rod, and the other end of the connecting rod. One end is pivotally connected to the non-axial position of the end face of the steering column. 2. The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the steering column is provided with a groove that matches the shape of the permanent magnet, the permanent magnet is embedded in the groove, and the One end is spliced with the permanent magnet to form a cylindrical structure. 3. The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the input shaft is connected to the steering gear mounting seat through the outer sleeve, the steering gear, the gear, the series sleeve, the intermediate sleeve, the ring gear and the connecting gear. The rods are all located inside the outer sleeve. 4. The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the steering gear is connected to the power supply via a cable, the left end of the input shaft is provided with a first wire hole, and the right end of the input shaft is provided with a second wire hole, The input shaft is provided with a wire slot connecting the first wire hole and the second wire hole, the left end of the input shaft is provided with a first through hole slip ring at the position close to the first wire hole, and the right end of the input shaft is provided with a position close to the second wire hole. Two via hole slip rings, the cables pass through the first via hole slip ring, the first wire hole, the wire groove, the second wire hole and the second via hole slip ring in sequence. 5. The permanent magnet type magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1, wherein the sealing assembly comprises a magnetic tube sealing cover and a large sealing ring, and a magnetic tube sealing cover is provided at the connection between the liquid-separating sleeve and the driving cylinder , A large sealing ring is arranged on the inner wall of the driven outer cylinder, and the large sealing ring is slidably connected to the driving cylinder. 6 . The permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the permanent magnet is made of NdFeB material. 7 . 7 . The permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the magnetic conductive sheet is made of iron material. 8 . 8 . The permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the non-magnetic conductive sheet is made of aluminum material. 9 . 9 . The permanent magnet magnetorheological fluid transmission device according to claim 1 , wherein the steering column is made of iron material. 10 .

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