CN110005389A - A kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect - Google Patents
A kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect, comprising the following steps: obtains reservoir physical parameter；The Fluid Volume of fluid pressure distribution, fracture length, fracture width and leak-off to reservoir in calculating crack；Reservoir pore pressure distribution after calculating the discrete unit time；Calculate Temperature Distribution in reservoir；Stress distribution after calculating unity couping；Porosity, permeability after acquiring stress by stress distribution；In combination with stress to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress, the stress condition in intrinsic fracture face is obtained；Whether ultimate analysis intrinsic fracture destroys, and which kind of destruction occurs.The invention is suitable for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS seam network pressure and splits transformation volume assessment, the blank for stitching net transformation volume figure of merit analog study for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS has been filled up, detail design has been split for ultra deep tight sandstone reservoir seam network pressure and provides a kind of prediction and evaluation method reliably.
Description
Technical field
The ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to oil
Gas field development technical field.
Background technique
Ended for the end of the year 2018, US natural gas gas production has reached 751,100,000,000 cubes, wherein unconventional gas production occupies
75%.And the amount of natural gas of China also has larger gap compared to the U.S..For ultra deep unconventional tight gas exploitation, it is
The key of state's natural gas volume increase stable yields.But there is also more technical problems with regard to the exploitation of current tight gas.Ultra deep tight gas sand
Although rock reservoir intrinsic fracture is developed, since gas-bearing reservoir buried depth is deeper, reservoir heterogeneity is stronger, and reservoir temperature is high, to pressure
The factors such as liquid performance requirement height are split, cause intrinsic fracture activation difficult, and cause seismic monitoring data and effective reservoir variant
Accumulate in larger difference.How efficiently, clearly evaluating the effective fracture network volume of formation is the FRACTURING DESIGN most important thing,
So needing to consider that various possible factors are built to accurately describe the seam net of ultra deep tight gas sandstone reservoir transformation volume
Formwork erection analog model, the formation of comprehensive characterization fracture network.
At present both at home and abroad opposite joint network pressure split volume transformation evaluation research primarily directed to shale gas reservoir (Ren L,
SuY,Zhan S,et al.Modeling and simulation ofcomplex fracture network
propagation with SRV fracturing in unconventional shale reservoirs[J].J Nat
Gas Sci Eng, 2016,28:132-141；Ren L, Lin R, Zhao J, et al.Stimulated
reservoirvolume estimation for shale gas fracturing:Mechanism and modeling
approaching[J].J Pet Sci Eng,2017,166:290-304).And the geology of ultra deep tight gas sandstone reservoir is special
Sign has larger difference compared to shale, is mainly reflected in weaker intrinsic fracture development degree, intrinsic fracture and matrix permeability
Lower, horizontal principal stress differs greatly, heterogeneity is stronger etc., and (Mu Lijun, Ma Xu, Zhang Yanming wait Soviet Union Sulige gas field fine and close
Critical issue and prospect [J] gas industry, 2018,38 (40): 161-168. are transformed in sandstone reservoirs reservoir volume).For
Shale gas reservoir, the purpose of hydraulic fracturing are that opening intrinsic fracture as much as possible forms fracture network (the fine and close oil storage of Liu Xiong
Layer volume transformation Beijing evaluating production capacity method research [D]: China University of Geosciences, 2013.), do not consider that temperature is broken to rock generally
The influence split；And fluid in complicated seam net to not only be studied for ultra deep tight gas sandstone reservoir and flowed to rock stress
It influences, since reservoir temperature height also needs to consider that low temperature fracture fluid causes induced stress caused by temperature reduction to influence.
It is formed in seam network process in ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS hydraulic fracturing, may include 5 based on its geologic feature
Mostly important process: (1) waterpower major fracture extends process, which includes the moulds such as fluid flowing, slit width, leak-off in crack
Type；(2) reservoir matrix, process fluid flow in intrinsic fracture, including saturated model (Gao Shusheng, Liu Huaxun, the leaf in the two
Gift friend waits the diffusion of shale gas reservoir SRV zone gas and seepage flow coupling model [J] gas industry, 2017,37 (1): 97-
104；Weng X, Kresse O, Cohen CE, et al.Modeling ofhydraulic fracture-
Networkpropagation in a naturally fractured formation [J] .SPE Prod Oper, 2011,
26(04):368–380)；(3) temperature reduces the induced stress process generated in reservoir；(4) fracture open and hole in reservoir
Gap pressure change generates induced stress process；(5) intrinsic fracture activation when the last one process.For ultra deep densification
Sandstone reservoirs since it has the characteristics that high temperature, especially to consider temperature to reservoir stress and intrinsic fracture, break it is bad
Influence (ShahidASA, Wassing BBT, FokkerPA, et al.Natural-fracture reactivation in
Shale gas reservoir andresulting microseismicity [J] .J Can Pet Technol, 2015,
54(06):450–459)。
Up to the present, there is not yet being directed to ultra deep tight sandstone reservoir, and the seam of heat flow piercement effect is considered
Dictyosome product transformation evaluation model.And gas reservoir enters mid-later development phase mostly at present, as effectively arranging for gas reservoir development stable yields volume increase
It applies, carries out seam network pressure to split volume optimizing evaluation being the current task first of oil field development person.In order to Accurate Prediction, analysis
Post-fracturing seam net transformation volume, adaptive technique research needs, it is necessary to establish a kind of seam net for considering various influence factors and change
Volume assessment analog study method is made, the developmental research of ultra deep tight sand is filled up in the blank of this aspect, splits skill for seam network pressure
Reliable theoretical basis is established in art operation.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is mainly the shortcoming for overcoming existing conventional seam net variant product module quasi-, for ultra deep densification sand
Rock gas reservoir proposes a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect；
This method considers seam network pressure and splits the coupling of process medium fluid flowing and geological stress, cold fracturing fluid to storage
Layer cooling effect and temperature reduce generate induced stress, based on Elasticity, permeation fluid mechanics, heat-conduction principle and
Intrinsic fracture fracture criteria establishes the heat flow piercement number that volume assessment is split suitable for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS seam network pressure
Model is learned, it, can be with Accurate Prediction and the post-fracturing transformation of evaluation according to construction parameter and reservoir physical parameter using the model
Dictyosome product to be stitched, provides reliable reference for pressing crack construction design, the proposition of this method enriches seam net transformation volume evaluation theory,
Perfect for the theory is made that contribution.
The present invention solves technical solution provided by above-mentioned technical problem: a kind of based on the super of heat flow piercement effect
DEEP SANDSTONE seam net transformation evaluation method, comprising the following steps:
Step S10, reservoir physical parameter is obtained based on ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS field geology data, determines numerical value
The primary condition and boundary condition of simulation；
Step S20, geological model is established based on reservoir physical parameter, in conjunction with continuity equation, flowing side in hydraulic fracture
Journey, width equation and leak-off establishing equation waterpower major fracture solve difference equation, and by pick up, your iteration is solved to obtain
Fluid pressure P in crackfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf；
Step S30, by fracture length Lf, Fluid pressure P in crackfAs boundary condition, then the stream of leak-off to reservoir
Scale of construction qfIt establishes pore pressure in reservoir in conjunction with permeation fluid mechanics, reservoir numerical simulation principle as the source sink term of seepage field and asks
Solution difference equation obtains the reservoir pore pressure distribution after the discrete unit time；
Step S40, it is established in hydraulic fracture according to heat transfer theory, temperature field heat transfer side in matrix, intrinsic fracture
Journey carries out finite difference, obtains discrete equation, acquire Temperature Distribution in reservoir；
Step S50, pore pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution are obtained according to step S30 and step S40, is based on finite difference calculus
Pore pressure, temperature change induced stress discrete differential format are obtained, obtains considering fluid flowing and the stress point after heat transfer
Cloth, while displacement discontinuity element being used to establish Fluid pressure as the stress equation of stress boundary condition, obtain hydraulic fracture
The stress field opened finally is overlapped two stress fields, the stress distribution after obtaining unity couping；
Step S60, porosity, permeability after acquiring stress based on the step S50 stress distribution being calculated；
In combination with stress to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress, the stress feelings in intrinsic fracture face are obtained
Condition；
Step S70, the intrinsic fracture face obtained finally by step S60 is answered by pore pressure, direct stress and shearing
Whether power, analysis intrinsic fracture destroy, and which kind of destruction occurs.
Further technical solution is that reservoir physical parameter includes the original intrinsic fracture of reservoir point in the step S10
Cloth density is approached angle, inclination angle, spacing, Fracture Toughness of Rocks, permeability, porosity, elasticity modulus and minimum level master and is answered
The size of power.
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S20 are as follows: according to reservoir physical parameter, pass through following formula
Fluid pressure P in crack is calculatedfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf；
qf=∫sHLfFds
In formula: W is fracture width, m；V is the Poisson's ratio of reservoir rock, dimensionless；H is reservoir height, m；pfFor crack
Middle Fluid pressure, MPa；E is the elasticity modulus of reservoir, MPa；T is the time of construction, d；σnFor minimum horizontal principal stress, MPa；
X is the abscissa of model, m；Y is the ordinate of model, m；B is the compressed coefficient for injecting fluid, zero dimension；μ is injection fluid
Viscosity, mPas；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；Q0For charge velocity, m3/d；F is filtration rate, m/d；PrFor distance
Pore pressure at the nearest grid in crack, MPa；H is fracture height, m；I is that the i-th at a time crack increases number；Q is
Unit time flows through the flow of crack cross section, m3/s；S is leak-off area, m2。
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S30 are as follows: by fracture length Lf, fluid pressure in crack
Power PfAs boundary condition, then the Fluid Volume q of leak-off to reservoirfAs the source sink term of seepage field, original permeability, just is substituted into
After beginning porosity, initial pore pressure and initial gas saturation obtain the discrete unit time into gas reservoir flow model in porous media
Reservoir pore pressure distribution, flow model in porous media it is as follows:
In formula: k is reservoir absolute permeability, μm2；kriFor water relative permeability, dimensionless；ρiFor water density, kg/m3；
μiFor the viscosity of water, mPas；SiFor the saturation degree of water, dimensionless；qiFor the source sink term of water, kg/s；T is the time of construction,
d；PrFor pore pressure, MPa at the nearest grid in crack；W is water phase.
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S40 are as follows: establish waterpower according to heat transfer theory and split
The temperature field equation of heat conduction, progress finite difference obtain discrete equation, acquire reservoir medium temperature in seam, in matrix, intrinsic fracture
Degree distribution；Its calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: W is fracture width, m；TfFor fluid temperature (F.T.) in crack, DEG C；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；T is construction
Time, d；X is the abscissa of model, m；Q is the volume flow by fracture surface, m3/min；α is the coefficient of heat conduction, J/ (m2·
s)；ρwFor the density for injecting fluid, kg/m3；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C； CwFor the specific heat capacity for injecting water, J/ (kgK)；λs、
λo、λwRespectively rock matrix, oil mutually and water phase thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；ρs
For matrix density, kg/m3； cs、co、cwRespectively reservoir rock, oil mutually and water phase specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；vsFor
The displacement of unit rock matrix, m；So、SwRespectively oil-phase saturation, water phase saturation, dimensionless；ρoFor the density of formation oil,
kg/m3。
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S50 are as follows: is distinguished according to step S30 and step S40
Obtained pore pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution, are calculated the stress distribution after considering fluid flowing with heat transfer, make simultaneously
It uses displacement discontinuity element to establish Fluid pressure as the stress equation of stress boundary condition, hydraulic fracture opening is calculated
Stress field is finally overlapped two stress fields, the stress distribution after obtaining unity couping, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: εvIndicate the bulk strain of rock, dimensionless；λ is Lame constants；PrFor the hole at the nearest grid in crack
Gap pressure, MPa；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；Δσxx、Δσyy、ΔσxyRespectively the induced stress in minimum principal stress direction,
The induced stress and shear-induced stress of biggest principal stress direction, MPa；G indicates the modulus of shearing on stratum, MPa；β is the earth
Angle between coordinate system and local coordinate system, °；For coefficient equation, k=1~7；N is Crack Element number；It is y in office
Corresponding value in portion's coordinate system.
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S60: the stress point being calculated based on step S50
Cloth can be in the hope of the porosity after stress, permeability；Intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shearing are answered in combination with stress
The stress condition in intrinsic fracture face is calculated in the transformational relation of power, and calculation formula is as follows:
σn=niσijnj
In formula: φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；φiIndicate initial porosity, dimensionless；KiFor original permeability,
mD；For the reservoir rock compressed coefficient, MPa-1；Δ σ represents incremental effective stress, MPa；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；
KiFor original permeability, μm2；σnFor direct stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；n
It indicates perpendicular to intrinsic fracture face component, dimensionless；σijIndicate the components of stress, MPa.
Further technical solution is the detailed process of the step S70 are as follows: the intrinsic fracture obtained by step S60
By the size of pore pressure, direct stress and shear stress, whether analysis intrinsic fracture is destroyed, and determines and occur in face
Failure by shear or extensional are destroyed:
στ> τ0+λ(σn-pr)
pr≥σn
In formula: τ0Indicate intrinsic fracture cohesive force, MPa；στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa； σnNaturally to split
Stitch suffered direct stress, MPa；PrFor pore pressure, MPa at the nearest grid in crack；SRV indicates the total volume destroyed, m3；ns
Indicate the grid number destroyed, dimensionless；VstbIndicate the size of unit grid, m3。
Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention considers to influence intrinsic fracture comprehensively, breaks bad factor, mainly includes
Fluid influences reservoir temperature, influence to reservoir stress of influence, temperature and the pore pressure of fluid device to hole elasticity, also
Influence of the fracture open to reservoir stress, the hot-fluid finally established for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS consolidate unity couping seam net
Volume evaluation model is transformed；Synthetic finite-difference, pick up that iterative method and displacement discontinuity element are solved for calculating.
The invention is suitable for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS seam network pressure and splits transformation volume assessment, has filled up for ultra deep
The blank of DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS seam net transformation volume figure of merit analog study, stitches network pressure for ultra deep tight sandstone reservoir and splits
Detail design provides a kind of prediction and evaluation method reliably.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of embodiment 1；
Fig. 3 is the reservoir pore pressure distribution map of embodiment 1；
Fig. 4 is total stress diagram of embodiment 1；
Fig. 5 is direct stress, distribution of shear stress figure suffered by the intrinsic fracture face of embodiment 1；
Fig. 6 is the destruction total volume figure of embodiment 1.
Specific embodiment
Further description is done to the present invention below with reference to embodiment and attached drawing.
A kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect of the invention, including it is following
Step:
(1) reservoir physical parameter obtained based on ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS field geology data, determines numerical simulation
Primary condition and boundary condition；
(2) geological model is established based on reservoir physical parameter, in conjunction with continuity equation, flow equation, width in hydraulic fracture
Equation and leak-off establishing equation waterpower major fracture solve difference equation, and by pick up, your iteration is solved to obtain in crack
Fluid pressure PfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf；
(3) according to the fracture length L being calculated in step (2)f, Fluid pressure P in crackfAs boundary condition, then
The Fluid Volume q of leak-off to reservoirfIt is established as the source sink term of seepage field in conjunction with permeation fluid mechanics, reservoir numerical simulation principle
The reservoir pore pressure distribution after the discrete unit time is calculated in hole Pressure solution difference equation in reservoir；
(4) it is established in hydraulic fracture, the temperature field equation of heat conduction in matrix, intrinsic fracture, is carried out according to heat transfer theory
Finite difference obtains discrete equation, acquires Temperature Distribution in reservoir；
(5) pore pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution are obtained according to step (3) and step (4), is obtained based on finite difference calculus
Pore pressure, temperature change induced stress discrete differential format are calculated and consider fluid flowing and the stress point after heat transfer
Cloth, while displacement discontinuity element being used to establish Fluid pressure as the stress equation of stress boundary condition, waterpower is calculated and splits
Stitch the stress field opened；Finally two stress fields are overlapped, the stress distribution after unity couping is calculated；
(6) stress distribution being calculated based on step (5) can be in the hope of the porosity after stress, permeability；Together
When in conjunction with stress to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress, the stress in available intrinsic fracture face
Situation；
(7) the intrinsic fracture face obtained finally by step (6) is by the big of pore pressure, direct stress and shear stress
It is small, so that it may to analyze whether intrinsic fracture destroys, and which kind of destruction occurs；
In the present invention, the method that the physical parameter data for having scene to measure in the step (1) mainly pass through well logging obtains
The intrinsic fracture distribution density that takes reservoir original approaches angle, inclination angle, spacing, Fracture Toughness of Rocks, permeability, porosity, bullet
The size of property modulus and minimum horizontal principal stress.
In the present invention, step (2) is based on the basic parameter of step (1), then acquires crack by following steps and propagate through
Leak-off item and terminal pressure in journey conduct item:
The parameters such as elastic modulus of rock, reservoir porosity, the permeability obtained according to experiment, can be calculated by following formula
The Fluid pressure P into crackfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf:
qf=∫sHLfFds (5)
In formula: W is fracture width, m；V is the Poisson's ratio of reservoir rock, dimensionless；H is reservoir height, m；pfFor crack
Middle Fluid pressure, MPa；E is the elasticity modulus of reservoir, MPa；T is the time of construction, d；σnFor minimum horizontal principal stress, MPa；
X is the abscissa of model, m；Y is the ordinate of model, m；B is the compressed coefficient for injecting fluid, zero dimension；μ is injection fluid
Viscosity, mPas；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；Q0For charge velocity, m3/d；F is filtration rate, m/d；PrFor distance
Pore pressure at the nearest grid in crack, MPa；H is fracture height, m；I is that the i-th at a time crack increases number；Q is
Unit time flows through the flow of crack cross section, m3/s；S is leak-off area, m2。
In step of the present invention (3), it is based on the Fluid pressure P that step (2) obtainf, fracture length LfAs boundary condition,
Fluid Volume P of the leak-off to reservoirfAs source sink term, original permeability, initial porosity, initial pore pressure and just are substituted into
Beginning gas saturation into gas reservoir flow model in porous media (assuming that when pressure break in reservoir only carry out water single-phase flow) can be obtained by from
After throwaway elementary time reservoir pore pressure distribution, flow model in porous media it is as follows:
In formula: k is reservoir absolute permeability, μm2；kriFor water relative permeability, dimensionless；ρiFor water density, kg/m3；
μiFor the viscosity of water, mPas；SiFor the saturation degree of water, dimensionless；qiFor the source sink term of water, kg/s；T is the time of construction,
d；PrFor pore pressure, MPa at the nearest grid in crack；W is water phase.
In step of the present invention (4), established in hydraulic fracture according to heat transfer theory, temperature field in matrix, intrinsic fracture
The equation of heat conduction carries out finite difference, obtains discrete equation, acquire Temperature Distribution in reservoir:
In formula: W is fracture width, m；TfFor fluid temperature (F.T.) in crack, DEG C；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；T is construction
Time, d；X is the abscissa of model, m；Q is the volume flow by fracture surface, m3/min；α is the coefficient of heat conduction, J/ (m2·
s)；ρwFor the density for injecting fluid, kg/m3；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C； CwFor the specific heat capacity for injecting water, J/ (kgK)；λs、
λo、λwRespectively rock matrix, oil mutually and water phase thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；ρs
For matrix density, kg/m3； cs、co、cwRespectively reservoir rock, oil mutually and water phase specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；vsFor
The displacement of unit rock matrix, m；So、SwRespectively oil-phase saturation, water phase saturation, dimensionless；ρoFor the density of formation oil,
kg/m3。
In step of the present invention (5), pore pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution are obtained according to step (3) and step (4), is obtained
Consider fluid flowing and the stress distribution after heat transfer, while displacement discontinuity element being used to establish Fluid pressure as stress side
The stress equation of boundary's condition obtains the stress field of hydraulic fracture opening.Finally two stress fields are overlapped, so that it may
Stress distribution after to unity couping:
In formula: εvIndicate the bulk strain of rock, dimensionless；λ is Lame constants；PrFor the hole at the nearest grid in crack
Gap pressure, MPa；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；Δσxx、Δσyy、ΔσxyRespectively the induced stress in minimum principal stress direction,
The induced stress and shear-induced stress of biggest principal stress direction, MPa；G indicates the modulus of shearing on stratum, MPa；β is the earth
Angle between coordinate system and local coordinate system, °；For coefficient equation, k=1~7；N is Crack Element number；It is y in office
Corresponding value in portion's coordinate system.
Sign convention are as follows: when relative motion occurs for the two sides in crackIt is positive；Crack front relative to
When negatively moving downwardIt is positive.
In step of the present invention (6), after the stress distribution being calculated based on step (5) can be in the hope of stress
Porosity, permeability；It is available in combination with stress to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress
The stress condition in intrinsic fracture face:
σn=niσijnj (13)
In formula: φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；φiIndicate initial porosity, dimensionless；KiFor original permeability,
mD；For the reservoir rock compressed coefficient, MPa-1；Δ σ represents incremental effective stress, MPa；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；
KiFor original permeability, μm2；σnFor direct stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；n
It indicates perpendicular to intrinsic fracture face component, dimensionless；σijIndicate the components of stress, MPa.
In step of the present invention (7), finally by step (6) obtain intrinsic fracture face by pore pressure, direct stress with
And the size of shear stress, it brings formula (15) and formula (16) into, failure by shear then occurs when meeting formula (15)；When full
When sufficient formula (16), then extensional destruction occurs, so that it may analyze whether intrinsic fracture destroys, and determination is sheared
It destroys or extensional is destroyed: the total volume of destruction being calculated finally by formula (17)；
στ> τ0+λ(σn-pr) (15)
pr≥σn (16)
In formula: τ0Indicate intrinsic fracture cohesive force, MPa；
In formula: στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；σnFor direct stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa； PrFor distance
Pore pressure at the nearest grid in crack, MPa；SRV indicates the total volume destroyed, m3；nsIndicate the grid number destroyed, dimensionless；
VstbIndicate the size of unit grid, m3。
Embodiment 1
It is logged well by scene, obtains the geologic information of certain ultra deep tight sandstone reservoir, the corresponding mesh of well decanting point
Mark geologic characteristics belong to the characteristic feature in the region, representative, i.e., the reservoir has high temperature, high stress, heterogeneous
The strong feature of property.
Simulation calculates route such as Fig. 2, and steps are as follows for specific analogy method:
1, it is logged well by scene and obtains the geologic parameter of the reservoir: Rock Poisson Ratio Using 0.3, the vertical depth 7700m of well, oil reservoir
Thickness 80m, stratum original permeability 0.1mD, initial porosity 15%, 120 DEG C of initial formation temperature, original formation pressure
50MPa, elasticity modulus 80000MPa, minimum crustal stress 80MPa, 8.7 × 10-4MPa of oil compressibility-1, rock compressed system
5.1 × 10-4MPa of number-1, the water flooding compressed coefficient 4.4 × 10-4MPa-1, water flooding viscosity 1.2mPa.s, oil viscosity
5.0mPa.s, stratum water density 1.02kg/m3, oil density 0.86kg/m3, initial water saturation 0.5, irreducible water is full
With degree 0.1,4180 J/ of water flooding specific heat (kg. DEG C), crude oil specific heat 2246J/ (kg. DEG C), rock specific heat 999J/ (kg. DEG C),
5.8255 W/ of the crude oil coefficient of heat conduction (m. DEG C), water flooding coefficient of heat conduction 0.6402W/ (m. DEG C), the rock coefficient of heat conduction
5.2W/(m.℃)。
2, equation (1)-(5) are arranged, discrete differential is carried out to it using finite difference calculus (FDM), then will be above-mentioned
Geologic parameter and construction parameter substitute into, and using pick up, your iterative calculation stops calculating after meeting required precision, can be obtained
Crack fluid pressure and the length in unit time internal fissure extension after crack is coupled with reservoir Dynamic.
3, show that saturation process (IMPES) carries out 9 discrete differentials to formula (6) using implicit pressure, fracture length
As the boundary of source sink term, the boundary condition that the fluid pressure distribution acquired is solved as formula (6), the filter loss acquired
As the source item of water flow model in porous media, then the distribution of the reservoir pore pressure after crack is coupled with reservoir can be acquired, such as schemes (3).
4, and 9 difference discretes are carried out respectively to formula (7) and formula (8) at 3 points, then the discrete fractures width acquired
And temperature boundaries condition substitutes into formula (7), (8), carries out simultaneous solution using over-relaxation iterative method, crack and storage can be obtained
The Temperature Distribution of layer.
5, then the pore pressure that acquires, reservoir temperature are brought into formula (9), using five points difference to equation carry out from
It dissipates.It can be obtained by displacement and the reservoir stress of temperature and pore pressure induction.Displacement discontinuity element is reused acquiring
The induced stress that Fluid pressure is opened as boundary, fracture width as the feature modeling hydraulic fracture of equation (10).To above-mentioned
Stress, which is overlapped, can obtain total stress, such as scheme (4).
6, the above-mentioned stress increment being calculated brought into equation (11), can obtain in (12) considering that hot-fluid consolidates full coupling
Porosity, permeability after conjunction are achieved that the unity couping of fluid flowing and stress in reservoir in bringing equation (6) into.
7, the components of stress acquired are brought into equation (13), (14) can obtain direct stress suffered by intrinsic fracture face,
Shear stress such as schemes (5).
8, pore pressure is finally brought into equation (15), (16) it may determine that the destruction situation of intrinsic fracture；Finally
It is counted by formula (17) to the case where destruction, can realize seam net transformation volume assessment, such as scheme (6).
According to simulation steps of the present invention, can carry out stitching net fracturing reform for ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS
The evaluation of volume obtains extensional destruction area and the failure by shear area of transformation volume；It may be implemented to the more cluster pressure breaks of horizontal well in segments
The optimization of design and construction.
The above is not intended to limit the present invention in any form, although the present invention takes off through the foregoing embodiment
Show, however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any person skilled in the art, is not departing from technical solution of the present invention model
In enclosing, is made when the technology contents using the disclosure above and change or be modified to the equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations a bit, but is all
It is to the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention any simply to repair without departing from the content of technical solution of the present invention
Change, equivalent variations and modification, all of which are still within the scope of the technical scheme of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect, which is characterized in that including following
Step:
Step S10, reservoir physical parameter is obtained based on ultra deep DAMAGE OF TIGHT SAND GAS RESERVOIRS field geology data, determines numerical simulation
Primary condition and boundary condition；
Step S20, geological model is established based on reservoir physical parameter, in conjunction with continuity equation, flow equation, width in hydraulic fracture
Equation and leak-off establishing equation waterpower major fracture solve difference equation, are solved to obtain in crack by pick up that iteration and be flowed
Body pressure PfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf；
Step S30, by fracture length Lf, Fluid pressure P in crackfAs boundary condition, then the Fluid Volume q of leak-off to reservoirf
As the source sink term of seepage field, in conjunction with permeation fluid mechanics, reservoir numerical simulation principle, hole Pressure solution difference side in reservoir is established
Journey obtains the reservoir pore pressure distribution after the discrete unit time；
Step S40, it is established in hydraulic fracture, the temperature field equation of heat conduction in matrix, intrinsic fracture, is carried out according to heat transfer theory
Finite difference obtains discrete equation, acquires Temperature Distribution in reservoir；
Step S50, pore pressure distribution, Temperature Distribution are obtained according to step S30 and step S40, is obtained based on finite difference calculus
Pore pressure, temperature change induced stress discrete differential format obtain considering fluid flowing and the stress distribution after heat transfer, together
When use displacement discontinuity element to establish Fluid pressure as the stress equation of stress boundary condition, obtain answering for hydraulic fracture opening
The field of force is finally overlapped two stress fields, the stress distribution after obtaining unity couping；
Step S60, porosity, permeability after acquiring stress based on the step S50 stress distribution being calculated；It ties simultaneously
Combined stress obtains the stress condition in intrinsic fracture face to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress；
Step S70, the intrinsic fracture face obtained finally by step S60 is by pore pressure, direct stress and shear stress, analysis
Whether intrinsic fracture destroys, and which kind of destruction occurs.
2. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, reservoir physical parameter includes the original intrinsic fracture distribution density of reservoir, approaches angle, inclines in the step S10
Angle, spacing, Fracture Toughness of Rocks, permeability, the size of porosity, elasticity modulus and minimum horizontal principal stress.
3. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S20 are as follows: according to reservoir physical parameter, be calculate by the following formula to obtain in crack and flow
Body pressure PfDistribution, fracture length Lf, fracture width W and leak-off to reservoir Fluid Volume qf；
qf=∫sHLfFds
In formula: W is fracture width, m；V is the Poisson's ratio of reservoir rock, dimensionless；H is reservoir height, m；pfFor fluid in crack
Pressure, MPa；E is the elasticity modulus of reservoir, MPa；T is the time of construction, d；σnFor minimum horizontal principal stress, MPa；X is model
Abscissa, m；Y is the ordinate of model, m；B is the compressed coefficient for injecting fluid, zero dimension；μ is injected fluid viscosity,
mPa·s；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；Q0For charge velocity, m3/d；F is filtration rate, m/d；PrFor apart from crack most
Pore pressure at nearly grid, MPa；H is fracture height, m；I is that the i-th at a time crack increases number；Q is the unit time
Flow through the flow of crack cross section, m3/s；S is leak-off area, m2。
4. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S30 are as follows: by fracture length Lf, Fluid pressure P in crackfAs boundary condition,
Again the Fluid Volume q of leak-off to reservoirfAs the source sink term of seepage field, original permeability, initial porosity, initial hole are substituted into
Pressure and initial gas saturation obtain the reservoir pore pressure distribution after the discrete unit time into gas reservoir flow model in porous media,
Flow model in porous media it is as follows:
In formula: k is reservoir absolute permeability, μm2；kriFor water relative permeability, dimensionless；ρiFor water density, kg/m3；μiFor water
Viscosity, mPas；SiFor the saturation degree of water, dimensionless；qiFor the source sink term of water, kg/s；T is the time of construction, d；PrFor away from
From pore pressure at the nearest grid in crack, MPa；W is to indicate water phase.
5. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S40 are as follows: established in hydraulic fracture according to heat transfer theory, matrix, intrinsic fracture
The interior temperature field equation of heat conduction carries out finite difference, obtains discrete equation, acquire Temperature Distribution in reservoir；Its calculation formula is such as
Under:
In formula: W is fracture width, m；TfFor fluid temperature (F.T.) in crack, DEG C；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；T is the time of construction,
d；X is the abscissa of model, m；Q is the volume flow by fracture surface, m3/min；α is the coefficient of heat conduction, J/ (m2·s)；ρw
For the density for injecting fluid, kg/m3；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；CwFor the specific heat capacity for injecting water, J/ (kgK)；λs、λo、λw
Respectively rock matrix, oil mutually and water phase thermal coefficient, W/ (m DEG C)；φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；ρsFor rock
Stone skeletal density, kg/m3；cs、co、cwRespectively reservoir rock, oil mutually and water phase specific heat, J/ (kg DEG C)；vsFor unit
Rock matrix displacement, m；So、SwRespectively oil-phase saturation, water phase saturation, dimensionless；ρoFor the density of formation oil, kg/m3。
6. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S50 are as follows: the pore pressure point respectively obtained according to step S30 and step S40
Cloth, Temperature Distribution are calculated and consider fluid flowing and the stress distribution after heat transfer, while established using displacement discontinuity element
Stress equation of the Fluid pressure as stress boundary condition is calculated the stress field of hydraulic fracture opening, finally two is answered
The field of force is overlapped, the stress distribution after obtaining unity couping, and calculation formula is as follows:
In formula: εvIndicate the bulk strain of rock, dimensionless；λ is Lame constants；PrFor the Pore Pressure at the nearest grid in crack
Power, MPa；TrFor temperature in reservoir, DEG C；Δσxx、Δσyy、ΔσxyThe respectively induced stress in minimum principal stress direction, maximum master
The induced stress and shear-induced stress of stress direction, MPa；G indicates the modulus of shearing on stratum, MPa；β is earth coordinates
Angle between local coordinate system, °；For coefficient equation, k=1~7；N is Crack Element number；It is y in local coordinate system
In corresponding value.
7. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 6,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S60: can be made based on the stress distribution that step S50 is calculated in the hope of stress
Porosity, permeability after；In combination with stress to the transformational relation of intrinsic fracture face direct stress and shear stress, calculate
The stress condition in intrinsic fracture face is obtained, calculation formula is as follows:
σn=niσijnj
In formula: φ is reservoir porosity, dimensionless；φiIndicate initial porosity, dimensionless；KiFor original permeability, mD；
For the reservoir rock compressed coefficient, MPa-1；Δ σ represents incremental effective stress, MPa；K is crack wall surface permeability, μm2；KiIt is first
Beginning permeability, μm2；σnFor direct stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；N indicates vertical
In intrinsic fracture face component, dimensionless；σijIndicate the components of stress, MPa.
8. a kind of ultra deep sandstone seam net transformation evaluation method based on heat flow piercement effect according to claim 7,
It is characterized in that, the detailed process of the step S70 are as follows: answered by pore pressure, just in the intrinsic fracture face obtained by step S60
Whether the size of power and shear stress, analysis intrinsic fracture destroy, and failure by shear or extensional has occurred in determination
It destroys:
στ> τ0+λ(σn-pr)
pr≥σn
In formula: τ0Indicate intrinsic fracture cohesive force, MPa；στFor shear stress suffered by intrinsic fracture, MPa；σnFor intrinsic fracture institute
By direct stress, MPa；PrFor pore pressure, MPa at the nearest grid in crack；SRV indicates the total volume destroyed, m3；nsIt indicates
The grid number of destruction, dimensionless；VstbIndicate the size of unit grid, m3。
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