CN110003415B - Inner core filling material for composite insulating cross arm and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Inner core filling material for composite insulating cross arm and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110003415B CN110003415B CN201910312904.0A CN201910312904A CN110003415B CN 110003415 B CN110003415 B CN 110003415B CN 201910312904 A CN201910312904 A CN 201910312904A CN 110003415 B CN110003415 B CN 110003415B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G18/00—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
- C08G18/06—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
- C08G18/28—Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
- C08G18/30—Low-molecular-weight compounds
- C08G18/32—Polyhydroxy compounds; Polyamines; Hydroxyamines
- C08G18/3203—Polyhydroxy compounds
- C08G18/3206—Polyhydroxy compounds aliphatic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
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- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
- C08K9/04—Ingredients treated with organic substances
- C08K9/06—Ingredients treated with organic substances with silicon-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
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Abstract
The invention discloses an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm and a preparation method thereof, wherein the inner core filling material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of foam stabilizer, 8-10 parts of catalyst, 1000 parts of black material, 1200 parts of white material, 950 parts of white material, 1050 parts of filler and 1-10 parts of filler. The horizontal contact angle of the inner core filling material is improved to 140 degrees by adding a certain amount of filler, so that the aging resistance and the breakdown resistance of the inner core filling material are improved. The invention is novel and unique, the conception is ingenious, the inner core filling material prepared by the invention can greatly improve the insulating property of the composite insulating cross arm and prolong the service life of the composite insulating cross arm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of inner core filling materials, in particular to an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the improvement of the technical level of the power grid in China, the power transmission line has the development trend of long distance, large scale and large scale. At present, transmission lines in China run in a mode of using traditional iron towers, steel pipe poles and concrete poles to configure steel cross arms and hanging insulator strings. In order to meet the requirements of corresponding insulation distance and creepage distance, the metal cross arm must be provided with a very long insulator string, faults caused by conductor galloping often occur in severe weather such as strong wind, rain, snow and the like, the safe operation of the transmission line is seriously threatened, the higher the voltage grade of the transmission line is, the longer the corresponding insulator string is, thus the height of the iron tower must be increased, the steel consumption of the iron tower is increased, and the workload is increased for the daily operation and maintenance work of the transmission line. Meanwhile, in order to avoid tripping caused by conductor galloping, the distance between lines must be increased, the occupied area of a power transmission corridor must be increased, and under the condition that the current land resources are in short supply, the trouble of investment construction of a power transmission line is brought. The composite insulating cross arm has the advantages of corrosion resistance, ageing resistance, reduction in line maintenance cost, reduction in transportation and assembly cost, improvement in the insulation level of a distribution line and the like, and is gradually replacing the original metal cross arm. Internationally, the research on the composite cross arm of the power transmission line is carried out in Japan as early as 60 s in the 20 th century, Canada is applied to partial 10kV, 69kV and 132kV lines from 1995, and the Netherlands complete a composite insulating cross arm 380/150kV line in 2005. In China, a 10kV line lightning and pollution flashover preventing insulating cross arm and a composite insulating cross arm developed by Jiangsu Nantong Shenma electric power technology limited company are successfully developed by a national network Wuhan high-voltage research institute in 2007, and are put into trial operation on 220kV dog lines in Hongyun harbor in 12 months in 2009. At present, the composite cross arm is in a rapid development trend in China, and has a wide application prospect in the future.
The composite insulating cross arm consists of a silicon rubber umbrella skirt, a sheath, a core rod and an inner core. The polyurethane inner core has the advantages of light weight, good insulating strength and simple foaming, and is applied to the inner insulation of the insulating cross arm. The polyurethane foam material is widely used at present in free foaming, isocyanate (black material) and polyol (white material) are two components for preparing the polyurethane foam, different proportions of the black material and the white material are adjusted, and the mixture is mixed and enters a mold to start foaming. The black material and the white material are both in liquid state at normal temperature, and are convenient to treat. Regarding the performance of the polyurethane material, the formed polyurethane foam has the characteristics of solid and hollow materials, and has low density and better insulating property, but has the following problems that firstly, the internal air holes are unevenly distributed, the closed hole rate and the size of the air holes influence the internal field intensity after moisture permeates, and the breakdown voltage of the polyurethane is reduced; secondly, the performance parameters of the polyurethane body materials with different components have influence on dye permeation experiments and water diffusion experiments. The size, the unevenness and the arrangement mode of polyurethane pores can greatly influence the dielectric property, in the foaming process, the materials A and B with different proportions generate heat when meeting water, rise in temperature and expand to generate small bubbles to extrude the inner wall to form a spontaneous bonding layer to generate an interface, after foaming for a period of time, the temperature is reduced to cause the shrinkage of the whole material, and the stress generated by the expansion with heat and contraction with cold can also influence the interface.
Therefore, it is of great significance to modify the polyurethane material to obtain the physical/electrical characteristics suitable for the actual operating conditions of the composite insulating cross arm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the core filling material.
An inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1-2 parts of foam stabilizer, 8-10 parts of catalyst, 1000-1200 parts of black material, 1050 parts of white material and 1-10 parts of filler.
Preferably, the foam stabilizer is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the catalyst is ultrapure water, the black material is isocyanate, the white material is polyol, and the filler is modified silicon dioxide.
Preferably, the preparation method of the modified silica comprises the following steps:
(1) dissolving 19.4-38.8 g sodium metasilicate in 200-600 mL distilled water, adding 100-200 mL NH4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
(2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 60-80 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
(3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
(4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 100-400 mL of ethanol, then adding 0.01-0.05 mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, then cooling to room temperature, and separating out solids;
(5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
Preferably, the polyol is polypropylene glycol 400.
Preferably, the isocyanate is diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
The preparation method of the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning the die, and uniformly spraying a release agent;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing the black material, a catalyst and a foam stabilizer in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing the white material and the filler in proportion to obtain a second mixture;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring at the rotation speed of 1000-;
(6) and filling the mixture into a preheated mold after stirring, curing the mixture for 10 to 20 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the mold to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
Preferably, the release agent is silicone oil with a molecular weight of 2500.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the filler is added into the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm to improve the physical/electrical characteristics of the inner core filling material, and particularly when the modified silicon dioxide is used as the filler, the voltage breakdown resistance of the inner core filling material can be greatly improved, and the inner core filling material has a water contact angle of 140 degrees; the insulating cross arm is unique in product and novel in concept, and the insulating performance of the insulating cross arm can be greatly improved and the service life of the insulating cross arm is prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a contact angle of an inner core filling material filled in a cross arm prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a side view of a contact angle of the core filling material prepared in comparative example 1 filled in a cross arm;
fig. 3 shows the breakdown probability of the core filler materials prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative example 1 at different breakdown field strengths.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
An inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps of 1 part of lauryl sodium sulfate, 8 parts of ultrapure water, 1000 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 950 parts of polypropylene glycol 400 and 1 part of modified silicon dioxide:
(1) 19.4g of sodium metasilicate was dissolved in 200mL of distilled water, and 100mL of NH was added4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
(2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 60 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
(3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
(4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 100mL of ethanol, adding 0.01mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, and separating out a solid;
(5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a mold, and uniformly spraying a release agent, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with the molecular weight of 2500;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ultrapure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing polypropylene glycol 400 and modified silicon dioxide in proportion to obtain a mixture II;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 1000 rpm;
(6) and filling the mixture into a preheated die after stirring, curing the mixture for 20 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the die to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
The core filler material of the present invention was filled into the cross arm, as shown in fig. 1, which had a horizontal contact angle of 140 °.
Example 2
An inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
1.5 parts of sodium dodecyl sulfate, 9 parts of ultrapure water, 1100 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1000 parts of polypropylene glycol 400 and 3 parts of modified silicon dioxide, wherein the preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
(1) 25.9g of sodium metasilicate was dissolved in 300mL of distilled water, and 130mL of NH was added4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
(2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 72 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
(3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
(4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 130mL of ethanol, adding 0.02mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, and separating out a solid;
(5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a mold, and uniformly spraying a release agent, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with the molecular weight of 2500;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ultrapure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing polypropylene glycol 400 and modified silicon dioxide in proportion to obtain a mixture II;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring at the rotating speed of 3000rpm for 25 s;
(6) and filling the mixture into a preheated die after stirring, curing the mixture for 15 hours at the temperature of 140 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the die to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
The inner core filling material of the invention is filled into the cross arm, and the filling material has a horizontal contact angle of 140 degrees.
Example 3
An inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps of (1) 2 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 10 parts of ultrapure water, 1150 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1000 parts of polypropylene glycol and 5 parts of modified silicon dioxide:
(1) 31.5g of sodium metasilicate was dissolved in 400mL of distilled water, and 150mL of NH was added4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
(2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 75 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
(3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
(4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 250mL of ethanol, adding 0.04mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, and separating out a solid;
(5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a mold, and uniformly spraying a release agent, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with the molecular weight of 2500;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ultrapure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing polypropylene glycol 400 and modified silicon dioxide in proportion to obtain a mixture II;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring for 15s at the rotating speed of 5000 rpm;
(6) and filling the mixture into a preheated die after stirring, curing the mixture for 12 hours at 160 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the die to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
The inner core filling material of the invention is filled into the cross arm, and the filling material has a horizontal contact angle of 140 degrees.
Example 4
An inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
the preparation method of the modified silicon dioxide comprises the following steps of (1) 2 parts of lauryl sodium sulfate, 10 parts of ultrapure water, 1200 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate, 1050 parts of polypropylene glycol 400 and 10 parts of modified silicon dioxide:
(1) 38.8g of sodium metasilicate was dissolved in 600mL of distilled water, and 200mL of NH was added4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
(2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 80 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
(3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
(4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 400mL of ethanol, adding 0.05mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, cooling to room temperature, and separating out a solid;
(5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
The invention relates to a preparation method of an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm, which comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a mold, and uniformly spraying a release agent, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with the molecular weight of 2500;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ultrapure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing polypropylene glycol 400 and modified silicon dioxide in proportion to obtain a mixture II;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring for 10s at the rotating speed of 8000 rpm;
(6) and filling the mixture into a preheated die after stirring, curing the mixture for 10 hours at the temperature of 200 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the die to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
The inner core filling material of the invention is filled into the cross arm, and the filling material has a horizontal contact angle of 140 degrees.
Comparative example 1
The core filler material according to example 1, comparative example 1 without the addition of modified silica, was prepared using the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 part of lauryl sodium sulfate, 8 parts of ultrapure water, 1000 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate and 950 parts of polypropylene glycol 400. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning a mold, and uniformly spraying a release agent, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with the molecular weight of 2500;
(2) preheating a mould sprayed with a release agent at 105 ℃ for 24 hours;
(3) mixing diphenylmethane diisocyanate, ultrapure water and sodium dodecyl sulfate in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) weighing the polypropylene glycol 400 according to the proportion, pouring the polypropylene glycol into the mixture I, and stirring for 30s at the rotating speed of 1000 rpm;
(5) and filling the mixture into a preheated die after stirring, curing the mixture for 20 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the die to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm.
The core filler material of the present invention was filled into the cross arm, as shown in fig. 2, which had a horizontal contact angle of 65 °.
Fig. 3 is a graph showing the breakdown probability of the additional core filling material prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present invention and comparative example 1 at different breakdown field strengths, and it can be seen that the core filling material for a composite insulation cross arm of the present invention has better aging resistance and breakdown resistance.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention have been described herein using specific examples, which are provided only to help understand the method and the core concept of the present invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of an inner core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) cleaning the die, and uniformly spraying a release agent;
(2) preheating the mould at 105 ℃ for 24 h;
(3) mixing 1000-1200 parts of black material, 8-10 parts of catalyst and 1-2 parts of foam stabilizer in proportion to obtain a first mixture;
(4) mixing 950-1050 parts of white material and 1-10 parts of filler in proportion to obtain a second mixture;
(5) mixing the first mixture and the second mixture together, and stirring at the rotation speed of 1000-;
(6) filling the mixture into a preheated mold after stirring, curing the mixture for 10 to 20 hours at the temperature of 100-200 ℃, and taking out a cured and molded product from the mold to obtain the inner core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm;
the foam stabilizer is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the catalyst is ultrapure water, the black material is isocyanate, the white material is polyol, and the filler is modified silicon dioxide;
the modified silicon dioxide is prepared by the following method:
1) dissolving 19.4-38.8 g sodium metasilicate in 200-600 mL distilled water, adding 100-200 mL NH4Cl, and mixing uniformly;
2) then placing the uniformly mixed solution in a water bath kettle, controlling the water bath temperature to be 60-80 ℃, and stirring for 3 hours;
3) cooling to room temperature after stirring, filtering, and washing the solid filtrate with distilled water for 3 times;
4) dissolving the washed solid filtrate in 100-400 mL of ethanol, then adding 0.01-0.05 mol of trimethylchlorosilane, uniformly stirring, heating at 80 ℃ for 3h, then cooling to room temperature, and separating out solids;
5) the precipitated solid was separated and heated in vacuo at 100 ℃ for 24h to give modified silica.
2. The core filler material for a composite insulating cross arm as claimed in claim 1, wherein the polyol is polypropylene glycol 400.
3. The core filling material for a composite insulating cross arm according to claim 1, wherein the isocyanate is diphenylmethane diisocyanate.
4. The method for preparing the core filling material for the composite insulating cross arm according to claim 1, wherein the release agent is silicone oil with a molecular weight of 2500.
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