CN109998537A - A kind of brain wave electrode switching method, acquiring brain waves component and brain electricity cap - Google Patents
A kind of brain wave electrode switching method, acquiring brain waves component and brain electricity cap Download PDFInfo
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- 208000003906 hydrocephalus Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- A61B5/25—Bioelectric electrodes therefor
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of clinical medicine, a kind of brain wave electrode switching method, acquiring brain waves component and brain electricity cap are provided.Acquiring brain waves component includes electrode for encephalograms, electrode for encephalograms includes multiple detection electrodes, at least one reference electrode and at least one grounding electrode, detection electrode is for acquiring eeg signal, one or more reference electrode electrode combination corresponding with a grounding electrode, at least one reference electrode correspond at least one electrode combination at least one grounding electrode；The described method includes: successively switching each electrode combination；Obtain the eeg signal under each electrode combination；According to eeg signal, the signal-to-noise ratio under each electrode combination is calculated；Optimal signal-to-noise ratio is traversed out from the corresponding signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination；Switch to the reference electrode and grounding electrode under electrode combination corresponding with optimal signal-to-noise ratio.The present invention improves the efficiency of brain wave electrode switching and the accuracy of signal acquisition.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of clinical medicine, in particular to a brain wave electrode switching method, a brain wave acquisition assembly and an electroencephalogram cap.
[ background of the invention ]
The electroencephalogram is a graph obtained by recording spontaneous bioelectric potentials of the brain from the scalp through an electroencephalogram cap in an enlarged manner, and is a spontaneous and rhythmic electrical activity of a brain cell population recorded by an electrode. The brain wave cap as a physiological signal amplifier can detect very weak electrical signals, usually several microvolts, emitted by the brain, and because the brain wave signals are very weak, the brain wave cap is very easily interfered by the outside, such as 50/60Hz electromagnetic interference, or covered by other physiological signals with strong signals, such as electrocardiosignals.
At present, the electroencephalogram cap commonly used in the market is provided with a reference electrode and a grounding electrode, but the two types of electrodes are fixed at specific positions on the electrode cap, so that when the acquired electroencephalogram signals have large external interference, the reference electrode and the grounding electrode need to be manually adjusted, the testing efficiency is low, and the reference electrode and the grounding electrode have a plurality of electrode combinations.
[ summary of the invention ]
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide a brain wave electrode switching method, a brain wave collecting assembly, and an electroencephalogram cap, which improve the accuracy of signal collection of brain wave electrodes.
In order to solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present invention provide the following technical solutions:
in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention provides a brain wave electrode switching method, which is applied to a brain wave acquisition assembly, wherein the brain wave acquisition assembly comprises brain wave electrodes, the brain wave electrodes comprise a plurality of detection electrodes, at least one reference electrode and at least one grounding electrode, the detection electrodes are used for acquiring brain wave signals, one or more reference electrodes and one grounding electrode correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one reference electrode and the at least one grounding electrode correspond to at least one electrode combination;
the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially switching each of the electrode combinations;
acquiring brain wave signals under each electrode combination;
calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals;
traversing the optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each electrode combination;
and switching to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio.
Optionally, the location at which the reference electrode is placed comprises a left mastoid location, a left earlobe location, a central crown location, a frontal midpoint location, a right mastoid location, and a right earlobe location;
the positions for placing the grounding electrode comprise a central vertex position, a forehead midpoint position and an occipital tuberosity position;
wherein, under the same electrode combination, the position for placing the reference electrode is different from the position for placing the grounding electrode.
Optionally, the at least one reference electrode and the at least one ground electrode corresponding to at least one of the electrode combinations comprises:
a reference electrode at the central vertex position and a ground electrode at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
a reference electrode at the central parietal position and a ground electrode at the occipital tuberosity position; or,
the reference electrode is positioned at the midpoint of the forehead electrode, and the grounding electrode is positioned at the central vertex position; or,
the reference electrode is positioned at the midpoint of the frontal pole, and the grounding electrode is positioned at the occipital tuberosity; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid and the right mastoid and a grounding electrode positioned at the center vertex; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid position and the right mastoid position and a grounding electrode positioned at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid position and the right mastoid position and a grounding electrode positioned at the occipital tuberosity position; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left earlobe position and the right earlobe position and a grounding electrode positioned at the central vertex position; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left earlobe position and the right earlobe position and a grounding electrode positioned at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
two reference electrodes located at the left and right ear lobes, respectively, and a ground electrode located at the occipital tuberosity.
Optionally, the optimal signal-to-noise ratio is a maximum signal-to-noise ratio.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a brain wave collecting assembly, including:
the electroencephalogram electrodes comprise a plurality of detection electrodes, at least one reference electrode and at least one grounding electrode, the detection electrodes are used for collecting electroencephalogram signals, one or more reference electrodes and one grounding electrode correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one reference electrode and the at least one grounding electrode correspond to at least one electrode combination;
the control circuit is connected with the electroencephalogram electrode;
wherein the control circuit comprises:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the brain wave electrode switching method as described above.
Optionally, the control circuit comprises an analog switch selection circuit and a controller;
the analog switch selection circuit is respectively connected with the reference electrode and the grounding electrode, and is used for sequentially selecting the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under different electrode combinations according to a combination selection instruction sent by the controller;
the controller is further used for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals, so that the optimal signal-to-noise ratio can be traversed from a plurality of signal-to-noise ratios, and the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio are switched.
Optionally, the analog switch selection circuit includes a switch control circuit and an analog switch group;
the switch control circuit is respectively connected with the controller and the analog switch group, the analog switch group is respectively connected with the reference electrode and the grounding electrode, and the switch control circuit is used for controlling the analog switch group to be switched to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the corresponding electrode combination according to the combination selection instruction.
Optionally, the switch control circuit includes a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit and a third switch circuit, the first switch circuit is configured to output a first switch signal, the second switch circuit is configured to output a second switch signal, and the third switch circuit is configured to output a third switch signal;
the analog switch group comprises a first analog switch, a second analog switch and a third analog switch;
the first analog switch is respectively connected with the first switch circuit and the reference electrode, and the first analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding reference electrode according to the first switch signal;
the second analog switch is respectively connected with the second switch circuit and the reference electrode, and the second analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding reference electrode according to the second switch signal;
the third analog switch is connected with the third switch circuit and the grounding electrode, and the third analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding grounding electrode according to the third switch signal.
Optionally, the brain wave collecting assembly further includes an amplifier, the amplifier includes a first input terminal, a second input terminal and an output terminal, the first input terminal is connected to the detecting electrode, the second input terminal is connected to the at least one reference electrode, and the output terminal is connected to the control circuit.
Optionally, the brain wave collecting assembly further comprises a protection circuit, the protection circuit comprises a protection input end and a protection output end, the protection input end is connected with the grounding electrode, the protection output end is connected with a digital grounding end of the control circuit, and the protection circuit is used for suppressing power frequency interference.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electroencephalogram cap, including:
a brain electricity cap body;
the brain wave collecting assembly as described above is mounted to the brain wave cap main body.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention provides a brain wave electrode switching method, a brain wave acquisition assembly and a brain wave cap. The method comprises the steps of obtaining brain wave signals under each electrode combination by sequentially switching each electrode combination, calculating the signal-to-noise ratio under each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals, traversing the optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to each electrode combination, and switching to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio. Therefore, the invention improves the efficiency of brain wave electrode switching and the accuracy of signal acquisition.
[ description of the drawings ]
One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example in the accompanying drawings, which correspond to the figures in which like reference numerals refer to similar elements and which are not to scale unless otherwise specified.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain wave acquisition assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an international 10% -20% system electrode placement location provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a control circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit connection diagram of an analog switch selection circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for switching electroencephalogram electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
To facilitate an understanding of the present application, the present application is described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may be present. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
In addition, the technical features mentioned in the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a brain wave acquisition assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the brain wave acquiring assembly 100 includes brain electrodes 200, a control circuit 300, an amplifier 400, and a protection circuit 500.
The electroencephalogram electrode 200 comprises a plurality of detection electrodes 201, at least one reference electrode 202 and at least one grounding electrode 203, wherein the detection electrodes 201 are used for collecting electroencephalogram signals, one or more reference electrodes 202 and one grounding electrode 203 correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one reference electrode 202 and the at least one grounding electrode 203 correspond to at least one electrode combination.
Wherein, one or more reference electrodes 202 and one grounding electrode 203 correspond to one electrode combination, and the electrode combination comprises: one said reference electrode 202 and one said ground electrode 203 correspond to one electrode combination; and a plurality of reference electrodes 202 and one grounding electrode 203 correspond to one electrode combination, and the number of the reference electrodes 202 is preferably 2. That is, the electrode assembly includes one reference electrode 202 and one ground electrode 203, in which case the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 are in a one-to-one correspondence relationship, and a plurality of reference electrodes 202 and one ground electrode 203, in which case the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 are in a many-to-one relationship.
The brain electricity electrodes 200 are fixed on the electrode cap or the electrode seat and arranged according to the international 10% -20% of the system electrode placement positions. It can be understood that the electroencephalogram electrodes 200 should be placed at the nearest position to the electroencephalogram activity electric field for collecting the electrical activity of the bilateral cerebral hemisphere surfaces, and no matter how many electrodes are, all anatomical partitions of the hemisphere surfaces should be noticed when in drainage, and the principle of bilateral symmetry and equal spacing should be followed. Since the brain wave signal is very weak, in order to eliminate the external interference, it is necessary to reduce the impedance between the electrode and the scalp as much as possible, the electroencephalogram electrode 200 is made of a metal material with good conductivity, such as an Ag electrode/Agcl electrode, and the types of the electroencephalogram electrode 200 include a columnar electrode, a disc electrode, a needle electrode, an ear electrode, an electrode at a special location, a liquid electrode, and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the international 10% -20% system first determines two base lines on the scalp surface, one being 100% of the front-rear line from the nasion position (position of N electrode) to the occipital tuberosity position (position of I electrode), the other being 100% of the left-right line between the anterior fovea of ears, and the intersection of the two lines being the central parietal position (position of Cz electrode).
Specifically, the position 10% backward from the nasion position (the position of the N electrode) is the frontal midpoint position (the position of the Fpz electrode), the position of one electrode every 20% backward distance from the frontal midpoint position (the position of the Fpz electrode) is sequentially the frontal midline position (the position of the Fz electrode), the central vertex position (the position of the Cz electrode), the vertex midline position (the position of the Pz electrode), and the occipital midline position (the position of the Oz electrode), and the distance between the occipital midline position (the position of the Oz electrode) and the occipital tuberosity position (the position of the I electrode) is 10%.
The position of the anterior fovea between the two ears and 10% of the anterior fovea of the left ear is a left middle temporal position (the position of a T3 electrode), one electrode is arranged at a distance of 20% to the right, and the left middle temporal position (the position of a C3 electrode), the central vertex position (the position of a Cz electrode), the right middle position (the position of a C4 electrode) and the right middle temporal position (the position of a T4 electrode) are arranged in sequence, wherein the distance between the right middle temporal position (the position of a T4 electrode) and the anterior fovea of the right ear is 10%.
A line from the frontal pole midpoint position (the position of the Fpz electrode) to the occipital midline position (the position of the Oz electrode) through the left mediotemporal position (the position of the T3 electrode) is a left temporal line, the distance from the frontal pole midpoint position (the position of the Fpz electrode) to the left 10% is the left frontal pole position (the position of the Fp1 electrode), one electrode is placed at intervals of 20% backwards, and the left anterior temporal position (the position of the F7 electrode), the left mediotemporal position (the position of the T3 electrode), the left posterior temporal position (the position of the T5 electrode) and the left occipital position (the position of the O1 electrode) are sequentially placed. Wherein, the left medial temporal position (position of T3 electrode) is the intersection point of the line and the anterior cavum auricle line, and the distance between the left occipital position (position of O1 electrode) and the occipital midline position (position of Oz electrode) is 10%. The right temporal line corresponds to the right frontal pole position (position of Fp2 electrode), the right anterior temporal position (position of F8 electrode), the right medial temporal position (position of T4 electrode), the right posterior temporal position (position of T6 electrode), and the right occipital position (position of O2 electrode) in order from front to back.
One line is drawn from the left forehead position (position of Fp1 electrode) to the left occipital position (position of O1 electrode) and from the right forehead position (position of Fp2 electrode) to the right occipital position (position of O2 electrode), and the lines are respectively a left sagittal bypass line and a right sagittal bypass line, and one electrode site is set at a distance of 20% from the left forehead position (position of Fp1 electrode) and the right forehead position (position of Fp2 electrode), and the left side is sequentially the left forehead position (position of F3 electrode), the left center position (position of C3 electrode), the left vertex position (position of P3 electrode), and the left occipital position (position of O1 electrode). The right side is in order the right forehead position (position of the F4 electrode), the right center position (position of the C4 electrode), the right apex position (position of the P4 electrode), and the right occipital position (position of the O2 electrode).
In addition, the left ear included a left mastoid position (position of M1 electrode) and a left earlobe position (position of a1 electrode), and the right ear included a right mastoid position (position of M2 electrode) and a right earlobe position (position of a2 electrode).
In summary, the number of electrodes in the international 10% -20% system is large, and the arrangement of the electrode positions is proportional to the size and shape of the skull, so that the influence caused by the size of the head circumference and the variation of the head shape is overcome, the electroencephalogram results of children in the growth period or patients with various pathological conditions such as microcephaly and hydrocephalus are comparable between individuals and between the records of the same individual, and the electrode positions are basically consistent with the anatomical parts.
It should be noted that the international 10% -20% system is only one embodiment provided by the embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited to the present invention, for example, the brain wave collecting assembly 100 may collect the brain wave signals based on the international 10% system, may collect the brain wave signals based on other international or inter-regional regulations (for example, sphenoidal electrode), and may collect the brain wave signals based on a customized system.
The detecting electrodes 201 are used to collect brain wave signals, and the reference electrode 202 is used to acquire a baseline signal of approximately 0, the purpose of which is to measure the voltage difference between the reference electrode and each detecting electrode. The ground electrode 203 is used for common mode rejection, the purpose of which is to prevent electromagnetic noise from interfering with the tiny bioelectric signals of interest. During the signal acquisition process, in order to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the electroencephalogram signal, the placement positions of the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 can be adjusted.
In the present embodiment, the positions at which the reference electrode 202 is placed include a left mastoid position (position of M1 electrode), a left earlobe position (position of a1 electrode), a central parietal position (position of Cz electrode), a frontal midpoint position (position of Fpz electrode), a right mastoid position (position of M2 electrode), and a right earlobe position (position of a2 electrode). In other words, in the present embodiment, electrodes corresponding to the left mastoid position, the left earlobe position, the central parietal position, or the frontal midpoint position (including the M1 electrode, the a1 electrode, the Cz electrode, or the Fpz electrode) may be selected as the reference electrode 202.
The positions at which the ground electrode 203 is placed include the central parietal position (the position of the Cz electrode), the frontal midpoint position (the position of the Fpz electrode), and the occipital tuberosity position (the position of the I electrode). In other words, an electrode (including a Cz electrode, an Fpz electrode, or an I electrode) corresponding to the central parietal position, the midpoint of the frontal pole, or the occipital tuberosity position may be selected as the ground electrode 203.
It should be noted that, under the same electrode combination, the position where the reference electrode 202 is placed is different from the position where the ground electrode 203 is placed, that is, under the same electrode combination, the electrode at the same position can only be used as the reference electrode 202 or the ground electrode 203.
Specifically, the at least one reference electrode 202 and the at least one ground electrode 203 correspond to the following electrode combinations:
(1) a reference electrode 202 located at the central parietal position (position of Cz electrode) and a ground electrode 203 located at the midpoint of the frontal pole (position of Fpz electrode).
(2) A reference electrode 202 located at the central parietal position (position of Cz electrode) and a ground electrode 203 located at the occipital tuberosity position (position of I electrode).
(3) A reference electrode 202 located at the midpoint of the frontal pole (position of Fpz electrode) and a ground electrode 203 located at the central parietal position (position of Cz electrode).
(4) A reference electrode 202 located at the midpoint of the frontal pole (position of Fpz electrode) and a ground electrode 203 located at the occipital tuberosity position (position of I electrode).
(5) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left mastoid position (position of the M1 electrode) and the right mastoid position (position of the M2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the central parietal position (position of the Cz electrode).
(6) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left mastoid position (position of M1 electrode) and the right mastoid position (position of M2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the brow midpoint position (position of Fpz electrode).
(7) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left mastoid position (position of the M1 electrode) and the right mastoid position (position of the M2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the occipital tuberosity position (position of the I electrode).
(8) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left earlobe position (position of a1 electrode) and the right earlobe position (position of a2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the center parietal position (position of Cz electrode).
(9) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left earlobe position (position of a1 electrode) and the right earlobe position (position of a2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the midpoint of the frontal pole (position of Fpz electrode).
(10) Two reference electrodes 202 located at the left earlobe position (position of a1 electrode) and the right earlobe position (position of a2 electrode), respectively, and a ground electrode 203 located at the occipital tuberosity position (position of I electrode).
Here, the left-side earlobe position (position of the a1 electrode) and the right-side earlobe position (position of the a2 electrode) are selected at the same time, and the earlobe electrodes on both sides are connected as the reference electrode 202. The left mastoid position (position of the M1 electrode) and the right mastoid position (position of the M2 electrode) are selected simultaneously, illustrating that both mastoid electrodes are connected as reference electrodes 202. It is understood that when the position where the reference electrode 202 is placed and the position where the ground electrode 203 is placed are changed, the electrode combination is changed accordingly, and thus, the electrode combination is not limited to the 10 electrode combinations disclosed above.
The control circuit 300 is connected to the electroencephalogram electrode 200, and the control circuit 300 includes at least one processor and a memory communicatively connected to the at least one processor. Wherein the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor, the instructions being executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the brain wave electrode switching method disclosed in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the control circuit 300 includes an analog switch selection circuit 301 and a controller 302.
The analog switch selection circuit 301 is connected to the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203, respectively, and the analog switch selection circuit 301 is configured to sequentially select the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 under different electrode combinations according to a combination selection instruction sent by the controller 302.
In this embodiment, the controller 302 generates an electrode combination table according to the selectable positions of the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203, and sequentially selects and switches the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 corresponding to one of the electrode combinations in the electrode combination table according to the combination selection instruction. When the electrode combination table includes 10 electrode combinations, each of the electrode combinations corresponds to serial numbers 01, 02, 03, 04, 05, 06, 07, 08, 09, and 10, the combination selection command may be sequential selection, and in this case, the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 corresponding to the electrode combination are sequentially selected and switched according to the electrode combination corresponding to 01 to 10. The combination selection command may also be randomly selected, and one of the sets of corresponding reference electrode 202 and ground electrode 203 is arbitrarily selected and switched according to the 10 sets of electrode combinations until all the 10 sets of electrode combinations are selected.
It is understood that the control of the analog switch selection circuit 301 to sequentially select and switch the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 under different electrode combinations by the combination selection command is not limited to the embodiment of the electrode combination table disclosed in the present embodiment.
In this embodiment, the analog switch selection circuit 301 includes a switch control circuit 110 and an analog switch group 210.
The switch control circuit 110 is respectively connected to the controller 302 and the analog switch group 210, and the switch control circuit 110 is configured to control the analog switch group 210 to switch to the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 under the corresponding electrode combination according to the combination selection instruction.
The switch control circuit 110 includes a first switch circuit 11, a second switch circuit 12, and a third switch circuit 13, where the first switch circuit 11 is configured to output a first switch signal, the second switch circuit 12 is configured to output a second switch signal, and the third switch circuit 13 is configured to output a third switch signal.
Referring to fig. 4, a first switch circuit 11 is connected to the controller 302 and the first analog switch 21, and the first switch circuit 11 receives a combination selection command sent by the controller 302 and outputs the first switch signal. The first switch signal is a signal output from the U1_ a port, the U1_ B port, the U1_ C port and the U1_ INNIBIT port shown in the figure, wherein the high and low levels output from the U1_ a port, the U1_ B port and the U1_ C port form a binary sequence, and the binary sequence is used to gate the reference electrode 202 corresponding to the first analog switch 21 and corresponds to a decoder, for example, when the first switch signal is "001", two reference electrodes 202 of the left mastoid position and the right mastoid position are selected. The signal output from the U1_ init port is applied to the first analog switch 21 for turning on or off the first analog switch 21.
The first switch circuit 11 includes a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3 and a fourth resistor R4, one end of each of the first resistor R1, the second resistor R2, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R4 is connected to a power supply voltage, the other end of the first resistor R1 is connected to the U1_ a port, the other end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the U1_ B port, the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to the U1_ C port, and the other end of the fourth resistor R4 is connected to the U1_ init port.
The second switch circuit 12 is connected to the controller 302 and the second analog switch 22, and the second switch circuit 12 receives the combination selection command sent by the controller 302 and outputs the second switch signal. The second switch signal is a signal output from the U2_ a port, the U2_ B port, the U2_ C port and the U2_ INNIBIT port shown in the figure, wherein the high and low levels output from the U2_ a port, the U2_ B port and the U2_ C port form a binary sequence, and the binary sequence is used to gate the reference electrode 202 corresponding to the second analog switch 22, and corresponds to a decoder, for example, when the second switch signal is not "002", the reference electrode 202 in the middle top position is selected. The signal output from the U2_ init port is applied to the second analog switch 22 to turn on or off the second analog switch 22, and the signal output from the U2_ init port is also applied to disable the second analog switch 22 from selecting the same Cz electrode or Fpz electrode as the reference electrode 202 when the controller 302 detects that the ground electrode 203 selects the Cz electrode or Fpz electrode.
The second switch circuit 12 includes a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, and an eighth resistor R8, wherein one end of each of the fifth resistor R5, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, and the eighth resistor R8 is connected to a power supply voltage, the other end of the fifth resistor R5 is connected to the U2_ a port, the other end of the sixth resistor R6 is connected to the U2_ B port, the other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the U2_ C port, and the other end of the eighth resistor R8 is connected to the U2_ inbit port.
The third switch circuit 13 is connected to the controller 302 and the third analog switch 23, and the third switch circuit 13 receives a combination selection command sent by the controller 302 and outputs the third switch signal. The third switch signal is a signal output from the U3_ a port, the U3_ B port, the U3_ C port, and the U3_ INNIBIT port shown in the figure, wherein the high and low levels output from the U3_ a port, the U3_ B port, and the U3_ C port form a binary sequence, and the binary sequence is used to gate the ground electrode 203 corresponding to the third analog switch 23, and corresponds to a decoder, for example, when the first switch signal is "003", the ground electrode 203 in the top center position is selected. The signal output from the U3_ init port is applied to the third analog switch 23 to turn on or off the third analog switch 23, and the signal output from the U3_ init port is further applied to disable the third analog switch 23 from selecting the same Cz electrode or Fpz electrode as the ground electrode 203 when the controller 302 detects that the reference electrode 202 selects the Cz electrode or the Fpz electrode.
The third switch circuit 13 includes a ninth resistor R9, a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11 and a twelfth resistor R12, wherein one end of each of the ninth resistor R9, the tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11 and the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to a power supply voltage, the other end of the ninth resistor R9 is connected to the U3_ a port, the other end of the tenth resistor R10 is connected to the U3_ B port, the other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is connected to the U3_ C port, and the other end of the twelfth resistor R12 is connected to the U3_ inbit port.
In this embodiment, the analog switch group 210 is respectively connected to the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203, and the analog switch group 210 includes a first analog switch 21, a second analog switch 22, and a third analog switch 23.
The first analog switch 21 is respectively connected to the first switch circuit 11 and the reference electrode 202, and the first analog switch 21 is configured to switch to the corresponding reference electrode 202 according to the first switch signal. The second analog switch 22 is connected to the second switch circuit 12 and the reference electrode 202, respectively, and the second analog switch 22 is configured to switch to the corresponding reference electrode 202 according to the second switch signal. The third analog switch 23 is connected to the third switch circuit 13 and the ground electrode 203, and the third analog switch 23 is configured to switch to the corresponding ground electrode 203 according to the third switch signal.
As shown in fig. 4, the first analog switch 21, the second analog switch 22, and the third analog switch 23 are integrated circuits, and are all 4051L-P16-R. The first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2, the third capacitor C3, the fourth capacitor C4, the fifth capacitor C5 and the sixth capacitor C6 are filter capacitors.
The amplifier 400 includes a first input terminal a connected to the detecting electrode 201, a second input terminal b connected to the at least one reference electrode 202, and an output terminal c connected to the control circuit 300.
The electroencephalogram electrode 200 and the amplifier 400 are connected through lead wires, the detection electrode 201 can support electrode cap types of 8 leads, 16 leads, 32 leads, 64 leads, 128 leads, 256 leads and the like, and the detection electrode 201 is connected to the first input end a through lead wires of different types.
In this embodiment, the amplifier 400 is a differential amplifier, and the noise of the in-phase component can be eliminated and the interference of the noise can be reduced by using the differential amplifier. The amplifier 400 collects the brain wave signals according to a certain signal sampling frequency, and during the signal collection process, a user can select signal sampling frequencies with different frequencies, such as 250Hz, 500Hz, 512Hz, and the like, according to actual needs, so as to determine the quality of the collected signals.
The protection circuit 500 comprises a protection input end d and a protection output end e, the protection input end d is connected with the grounding electrode 203, the protection output end e is connected with a digital grounding end of the control circuit 300, and the protection circuit 500 is used for inhibiting power frequency interference.
In this embodiment, the protection circuit 500 includes an ESD protection diode ESD and a thirteenth resistor R13, one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the ground electrode 203 and the third analog switch 23, the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 is connected to the digital ground, and the ESD protection diode ESD is connected in parallel between the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and the digital ground.
The brain wave acquisition assembly improves the switching efficiency of the brain wave electrodes and the accuracy of signal acquisition through the interaction between the control circuit and the brain wave electrodes.
As another aspect of the embodiment of the invention, the embodiment of the invention also provides an electroencephalogram cap. The electroencephalogram cap comprises an electroencephalogram cap main body and the electroencephalogram wave acquisition assembly 100 explained in the above embodiments, wherein the electroencephalogram wave acquisition assembly 100 is installed on the electroencephalogram cap main body.
The electroencephalogram cap obtains brain wave signals under each electrode combination by sequentially switching the reference electrode and the grounding electrode corresponding to each electrode combination, calculates the signal-to-noise ratio under each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals, traverses the optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each electrode combination, and switches to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio, so that the switching efficiency of the brain wave electrodes and the accuracy of signal acquisition are improved.
Please refer to fig. 5, which is a flowchart illustrating a method for switching electroencephalogram electrodes according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 5, the brain wave electrode switching method is applied to a brain wave acquiring assembly 100, the brain wave acquiring assembly 100 includes a brain wave electrode 200, the brain wave electrode 200 includes a plurality of detecting electrodes 201, at least one reference electrode 202 and at least one ground electrode 203, the detecting electrodes 201 are used for acquiring brain wave signals, one or more of the reference electrodes 202 and one of the ground electrodes 203 correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one of the reference electrodes 202 and the at least one of the ground electrodes 203 correspond to at least one of the electrode combinations.
Wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s10: switching each of the electrode combinations in turn.
In the stage of connecting the device, the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 corresponding to the scalp position need to be selected, in this embodiment, because there are a plurality of optional reference electrodes 202 and a plurality of optional ground electrodes 203, there is at least one electrode combination for the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203, each electrode combination is a connection mode of the electroencephalogram electrode 200, and after the device is connected, the subsequent step of detecting the signal-to-noise ratio can be performed. When switched to a certain said electrode combination, the corresponding one or more reference electrodes 202 and one ground electrode 203 of that electrode combination are connected into the acquisition circuit.
The analog switch selection circuit 301 is controlled by the controller 302 to automatically switch to the next electrode combination until at least one of the electrode combinations is connected to the device and the reference electrode 202 and the ground electrode 203 are switched to the next electrode combination only when the corresponding snr detection is required to be completed for each electrode combination. It can be understood that the switching sequence of the electrode combinations is related to the combination selection command, which is determined by the corresponding software program in the controller 302, and no manual adjustment is needed, so as to improve the efficiency of brain wave electrode switching and further improve the efficiency of signal acquisition.
S30: and acquiring brain wave signals under each electrode combination.
After the reference electrode 202 and the grounding electrode 203 are connected, the detecting electrode acquires brain wave signals under the electrode combination. In some embodiments, the impedance value of the detecting electrode 201 may be directly measured by an electroencephalograph or the like.
S50: and calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals.
In this embodiment, the magnitude of the signal-to-noise ratio is represented by using the impedance measurement value, and the magnitude of the signal-to-noise ratio of the brain wave signal is indirectly obtained by directly measuring the impedance of the probe electrode. In principle, the smaller the impedance measurement value, the higher the signal-to-noise ratio of the brain wave signal, which means that the noise mixed in the effective brain wave signal is smaller.
S70: and traversing the optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each electrode combination.
In this embodiment, the optimal snr is a maximum snr. Since the controller 302 processes the signals output by the amplifier 400, ideally, the amplifier 400 should only amplify the brain wave signals, but in the actual signal acquisition process, noise is inevitable, for example, noise generated during the operation of the device, influence of other physiological signals (e.g. electrocardio signals) of the measured person, electromagnetic interference, etc., so that the larger the signal-to-noise ratio, the better.
S90: and switching to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio.
When the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio are switched, the brain wave signals are formally collected, at the moment, the collected brain wave signals are the most accurate, and the spontaneous and rhythmic bioelectricity activity of the current real brain cell group of the measured person can be greatly restored.
Different from the prior art, the brain wave electrode switching method provided in this embodiment obtains a brain wave signal under each electrode combination by sequentially switching each electrode combination, calculates a signal-to-noise ratio under each electrode combination according to the brain wave signal, traverses an optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratios corresponding to each electrode combination, and switches to the reference electrode and the ground electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the brain wave electrode switching efficiency and the signal acquisition accuracy.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; within the idea of the invention, also technical features in the above embodiments or in different embodiments may be combined, steps may be implemented in any order, and there are many other variations of the different aspects of the invention as described above, which are not provided in detail for the sake of brevity; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (11)
1. A brain wave electrode switching method is characterized by being applied to a brain wave acquisition assembly, wherein the brain wave acquisition assembly comprises brain wave electrodes, the brain wave electrodes comprise a plurality of detection electrodes, at least one reference electrode and at least one grounding electrode, the detection electrodes are used for acquiring brain wave signals, one or more reference electrodes and one grounding electrode correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one reference electrode and the at least one grounding electrode correspond to at least one electrode combination;
the method comprises the following steps:
sequentially switching each of the electrode combinations;
acquiring brain wave signals under each electrode combination;
calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals;
traversing the optimal signal-to-noise ratio from the signal-to-noise ratio corresponding to each electrode combination;
and switching to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio.
2. The method of claim 1,
the locations at which the reference electrode is placed include a left mastoid location, a left earlobe location, a central crown location, a frontal midpoint location, a right mastoid location, and a right earlobe location;
the positions for placing the grounding electrode comprise a central vertex position, a forehead midpoint position and an occipital tuberosity position;
wherein, under the same electrode combination, the position for placing the reference electrode is different from the position for placing the grounding electrode.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein said at least one reference electrode and said at least one ground electrode corresponding to at least one of said electrode combinations comprises:
a reference electrode at the central vertex position and a ground electrode at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
a reference electrode at the central parietal position and a ground electrode at the occipital tuberosity position; or,
the reference electrode is positioned at the midpoint of the forehead electrode, and the grounding electrode is positioned at the central vertex position; or,
the reference electrode is positioned at the midpoint of the frontal pole, and the grounding electrode is positioned at the occipital tuberosity; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid and the right mastoid and a grounding electrode positioned at the center vertex; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid position and the right mastoid position and a grounding electrode positioned at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left mastoid position and the right mastoid position and a grounding electrode positioned at the occipital tuberosity position; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left earlobe position and the right earlobe position and a grounding electrode positioned at the central vertex position; or,
two reference electrodes respectively positioned at the left earlobe position and the right earlobe position and a grounding electrode positioned at the midpoint of the forehead; or,
two reference electrodes located at the left and right ear lobes, respectively, and a ground electrode located at the occipital tuberosity.
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the optimal signal-to-noise ratio is a maximum signal-to-noise ratio.
5. A brain wave acquisition assembly, comprising:
the electroencephalogram electrodes comprise a plurality of detection electrodes, at least one reference electrode and at least one grounding electrode, the detection electrodes are used for collecting electroencephalogram signals, one or more reference electrodes and one grounding electrode correspond to one electrode combination, and the at least one reference electrode and the at least one grounding electrode correspond to at least one electrode combination;
the control circuit is connected with the electroencephalogram electrode;
wherein the control circuit comprises:
at least one processor; and the number of the first and second groups,
a memory communicatively coupled to the at least one processor; wherein,
the memory stores instructions executable by the at least one processor to enable the at least one processor to perform the brain wave electrode switching method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. The assembly of claim 5,
the control circuit comprises an analog switch selection circuit and a controller;
the analog switch selection circuit is respectively connected with the reference electrode and the grounding electrode, and is used for sequentially selecting the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under different electrode combinations according to a combination selection instruction sent by the controller;
the controller is further used for calculating the signal-to-noise ratio of each electrode combination according to the brain wave signals, so that the optimal signal-to-noise ratio can be traversed from a plurality of signal-to-noise ratios, and the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the electrode combination corresponding to the optimal signal-to-noise ratio are switched.
7. The assembly of claim 6,
the analog switch selection circuit comprises a switch control circuit and an analog switch group;
the switch control circuit is respectively connected with the controller and the analog switch group, the analog switch group is respectively connected with the reference electrode and the grounding electrode, and the switch control circuit is used for controlling the analog switch group to be switched to the reference electrode and the grounding electrode under the corresponding electrode combination according to the combination selection instruction.
8. The assembly of claim 7,
the switch control circuit comprises a first switch circuit, a second switch circuit and a third switch circuit, wherein the first switch circuit is used for outputting a first switch signal, the second switch circuit is used for outputting a second switch signal, and the third switch circuit is used for outputting a third switch signal;
the analog switch group comprises a first analog switch, a second analog switch and a third analog switch;
the first analog switch is respectively connected with the first switch circuit and the reference electrode, and the first analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding reference electrode according to the first switch signal;
the second analog switch is respectively connected with the second switch circuit and the reference electrode, and the second analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding reference electrode according to the second switch signal;
the third analog switch is connected with the third switch circuit and the grounding electrode, and the third analog switch is used for switching to the corresponding grounding electrode according to the third switch signal.
9. The assembly according to any one of claims 5-8, wherein the brain wave acquisition assembly further comprises an amplifier, the amplifier comprising a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and an output terminal, the first input terminal being connected to the probe electrode, the second input terminal being connected to the at least one reference electrode, and the output terminal being connected to the control circuit.
10. The assembly according to any one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the brain wave collecting assembly further comprises a protection circuit, the protection circuit comprises a protection input terminal and a protection output terminal, the protection input terminal is connected with the grounding electrode, the protection output terminal is connected with a digital grounding terminal of the control circuit, and the protection circuit is used for suppressing power frequency interference.
11. An electroencephalogram cap, comprising:
a brain electricity cap body;
the brain wave collecting assembly of any one of claims 5 to 10, which is mounted to the brain wave cap main body.
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