CN109997523B

CN109997523B - Corn kernel girdling device

Info

Publication number: CN109997523B
Application number: CN201910366093.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张冬梅; 杨柯; 姜春霞; 张伟; 闫六英; 刘化涛; 刘恩科; 翟广谦
Original assignee: INSTITUTE OF DRY LAND FARMING SHANXI ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Current assignee: Shanxi Institute Of Organic Dry Farming Shanxi Agricultural University
Priority date: 2019-05-05
Filing date: 2019-05-05
Publication date: 2021-07-16
Anticipated expiration: 2039-05-05
Also published as: CN109997523A

Abstract

The invention relates to a corn kernel girdling device, belonging to the technical field of corn threshing, which comprises a support plate horizontally arranged in the middle of a shell, a gear ring fixing sleeve is rotatably arranged on the support plate, an annular baffle is arranged on the gear ring fixing sleeve, a gear ring is arranged on the annular baffle, a fixing plate is also arranged on the gear ring, a blanking through hole is arranged on the fixing plate, a rotating motor is also arranged at the bottom of the support plate, a driving gear is arranged on the rotating motor, a clamping mechanism is arranged on the fixing plate, a plurality of threshing bulges are arranged on the clamping mechanism, a covering plate is arranged at the top of the clamping mechanism, an operation hole is arranged on the covering plate, a partition plate is also arranged on the covering plate, a storage tank is arranged at one side of the covering plate, a discharging hole is also arranged at the bottom, convenient to use, special for the experimental design of maize, can peel off out the maize seed grain of a certain section of corn ear, labour saving and time saving.

Description

Corn kernel girdling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a corn kernel girdling device, and belongs to the technical field of corn threshing.

Background

The mechanical seed harvesting is the development direction of the mechanical harvesting of the corn in China and the key point of the mode of corn production in future. At present, the high breakage rate is the main quality problem of corn kernel mechanical harvesting in China, and the high moisture of the kernels is the main reason of high breakage rate of the kernel harvesting. In recent years, a great deal of research related to mechanical grain harvesting, such as the dehydration characteristic of corn grains, the relation between the water content of the grains and the quality of the mechanical grain harvesting, grain dehydration influence factors and the like, is carried out in sequence all over the country, and the water content of grains (grains in the middle of the cluster) in different stages from the pollination of corn to the harvesting period needs to be measured in the process. Because the existing corn threshing equipment has no machinery for peeling off certain section of corn ear, the specific manual practice at present is to bring corn ears treated in different tests of a field back to a laboratory, break the corn ears along the middle cross section of the corn ears after removing bracts, obtain a certain number of seeds (generally 100 seeds) from the break faces of the two corn ears through annular peeling respectively, and finally determine the moisture content of the seeds through a drying method. There are several problems in the process of obtaining kernel in the middle of the ear: firstly, the fruit ears are broken off with great strength, and particularly, female workers in laboratories often feel uneasy when the fruit ears are too wet or too dry; secondly, the back of the fruit handle of the first circle of seeds obtained by girdling is often provided with small tails with a certain length, and the small tails need to be removed one by one so as to improve the precision of the water content of the seeds; thirdly, a large amount of clusters which are treated differently need to be manually broken off, stripped, decontaminated and the like, and the workload is large; fourthly, the randomness is large when the seeds in the middle of the fruit cluster are obtained by manually breaking and stripping the fruit cluster, and the middle position is not easy to master. Therefore, a corn kernel girdling device is needed when relevant experimental research is carried out, labor and time are saved, and kernel in the middle of the cluster can be accurately obtained.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides the corn kernel girdling device which is simple in structure, convenient to use, specially designed for a corn test, capable of stripping a certain section of corn kernels on corn ears, time-saving and labor-saving in operation.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that the corn kernel girdling device comprises a bottom plate and a shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is provided with supporting legs which are fixed on the bottom plate, the middle part of the shell is horizontally provided with a supporting plate, a gear ring fixing sleeve is rotatably arranged on the supporting plate, an annular baffle is arranged on the gear ring fixing sleeve, a gear ring is arranged on the annular baffle, a fixing plate is also arranged on the gear ring, the fixing plate is provided with a blanking through hole, the fixing plate, the gear ring and the annular baffle are fixedly connected through a bolt, the bottom of the supporting plate is also provided with a rotating motor, an output shaft of the rotating motor extends to the upper part of the supporting plate, a driving gear is arranged on the output shaft, the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, the fixing plate is provided with a clamping mechanism for, the top of fixture is provided with the overlay, the both sides of casing are provided with the first arch that is used for fixed overlay, be provided with the handle hole on the overlay, the handle hole is located fixture directly over, still be provided with the baffle on the overlay, one side of baffle is provided with the stock chest, the bottom of casing still is provided with the feed opening, the bottom of feed opening is provided with the tray, the tray is placed on the bottom plate, the outer wall of casing still is provided with main control unit.

Preferably, fixture mainly comprises arc solid fixed splint, arc movable splint, servo motor and solid fixed cylinder, the solid fixed cylinder is fixed on the fixed plate, and gu fixed cylinder sets up with the blanking through-hole is concentric, inner wall one side of gu fixed cylinder is provided with the arc solid fixed splint, and the opposite side is provided with the arc movable splint, the arc solid fixed splint pass through the connecting rod to be fixed on the gu fixed cylinder, the arc movable splint pass through the lead screw and the guide bar is fixed on the solid fixed cylinder, install the uide bushing between guide bar and the gu fixed cylinder, install the screw between lead screw and the solid fixed cylinder, servo motor is installed to the tip of lead screw, still be provided with the guide rail on the fixed plate, servo motor slidable mounting is on the guide rail, thresh the arch and install the inner wall at arc solid fixed splint, arc.

Preferably, the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate are conical, two groups of threshing bulges are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate, each group of threshing bulges are composed of two rows of threshing bulges, and each row of threshing bulges are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, a fixing groove is formed in the supporting plate, a bearing is installed in the fixing groove, and the gear ring fixing sleeve is installed in the bearing.

Preferably, the lower blanking plate is arranged below the rotating motor, the lower blanking cylinder is arranged on the lower blanking plate and is concentric with the gear ring fixing sleeve, and the inner wall of the shell is provided with a second protrusion for the lower blanking plate.

Preferably, the casing includes upper housing and lower casing, upper housing and lower casing pass through flange joint, the casing is the toper structure down, top one side of upper housing is provided with the breach.

Preferably, the height of each group of threshing bulges on the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate is the threshing length of the corns, and the length is 5-7 cm.

Preferably, the threshing bulge is provided with a protective rubber sleeve outside.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the corn ear peeling machine is simple in structure and convenient to use, corn ears are clamped by the arc-shaped fixed clamping plates and the arc-shaped movable clamping plates which can be automatically clamped, then the arc-shaped fixed clamping plates and the arc-shaped movable clamping plates are driven by the motor to rotate, corn grains are peeled, and the corn ear peeling machine is convenient to operate, time-saving, labor-saving, good in accuracy, high in speed and efficiency; meanwhile, the threshing position of the corn ear is controlled by the threshing bulges on the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate, so that the specified position on the corn ear can be girdled, seeds can be stripped, the use is more convenient, and the corn test requirements can be met; and the whole structure is small and exquisite, light and convenient to carry.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the arc-shaped fixed splint and the arc-shaped movable splint.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the threshing protrusions of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the corn kernel girdling device comprises a bottom plate 1 and a shell 2, wherein a support leg 3 is installed at the bottom of the shell 2, the support leg 3 is fixed on the bottom plate 1, a support plate 4 is horizontally installed in the middle of the shell 2, a gear ring fixing sleeve 5 is rotatably installed on the support plate 4, a ring baffle 6 is installed on the gear ring fixing sleeve 5, a gear ring 7 is installed on the ring baffle 6, a fixing plate 8 is further installed on the gear ring 7, a blanking through hole 9 is formed in the fixing plate 8, the gear ring 7 and the ring baffle 6 are fixedly connected through a bolt 10, a rotating motor 11 is further installed at the bottom of the support plate 4, an output shaft of the rotating motor 11 extends to the upper portion of the support plate 4, a driving gear 12 is installed on the output shaft, the driving gear 12 is meshed with the gear, the top of the clamping mechanism is provided with a covering plate 14, two sides of the shell 2 are provided with first protrusions 40 used for fixing the covering plate, an operation hole 15 is formed in the covering plate 14, the operation hole 15 is located right above the clamping mechanism, a partition plate 16 is further arranged on the covering plate 14, one side of the partition plate 16 is provided with a storage tank 17, the bottom of the shell 2 is further provided with a discharging opening 18, the bottom of the discharging opening 18 is provided with a tray 19, the tray 19 is placed on the bottom plate 1, and the outer wall of the shell 2 is further provided with a main controller 20.

Wherein, the clamping mechanism mainly comprises an arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21, an arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22, a servo motor 23 and a fixed cylinder 24, the fixed cylinder 24 is fixed on the fixed plate 8, and the fixed cylinder 24 and the blanking through hole 9 are concentrically arranged, one side of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 24 is provided with an arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21, the other side of the inner wall of the fixed cylinder 24 is provided with an arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22, the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 is fixed on the fixed cylinder 24 through a connecting rod 39, the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22 is fixed on the fixed cylinder 24 through a screw rod 25 and a guide rod 26, a guide sleeve 27 is installed between the guide rod 26 and the fixed cylinder 24, a screw nut 28 is installed between the screw rod 25 and the fixed cylinder 24, the end part of the screw rod 25 is provided with a servo motor 23, the fixed plate 8 is also provided with a guide rail 29, the servo motor 23 is slidably installed.

The corn ear test device is of a tank-shaped structure, the storage tank 17 is arranged at the top of the corn ear test device, and the storage tank 17 is used for placing corn ear samples for testing. When threshing is needed, a user grasps the corn ears by hands, then inserts the corn ears into the clamping mechanism, namely between the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22, controls the servo motor 23 to drive the screw rod 25 to rotate through the main controller 20, drives the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22 to approach the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 by the screw rod 25 until the corn ears are clamped by the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22, and clamps the threshing protrusions 13 into the corn gaps; then the transmission motor 11 drives the gear ring 7 to rotate through a gear, the gear ring fixing sleeve 5, the gear ring 7 and the fixing plate 8 rotate together, at the moment, the arc-shaped fixing clamp plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamp plate 22 rotate together, the corn is grabbed by hands, the threshing can be carried out quickly, and the peeled grains fall into the tray 19 from the feed opening.

When the dry corn ears are threshed, the method can be directly adopted for operation. When the corn ears with large water content are threshed, one layer of protective rubber sleeve is sleeved outside the threshing protrusion, the protective rubber sleeve mainly plays a role of protection, the shape of the protective rubber sleeve is the same as that of the threshing protrusion, and meanwhile, the elongated grooves are required to be formed around the corn ears with large water content before threshing, so that the damage to the corn and the influence on use caused in the threshing process are avoided.

Wherein, the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed splint 21 and the arc-shaped movable splint 22 are conical, and the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed splint 21 and the arc-shaped movable splint 22 are symmetrically provided with two groups of threshing bulges, each group of threshing bulges is composed of two rows of threshing bulges, and each row of threshing bulges are arranged in a staggered way. The inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22 adopt a conical design, so that the shapes of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22 are similar to the shapes of corn ears, and the corn ears are easier to thresh; the threshing projections are designed in a double-group mode, and threshing efficiency can be improved. The height of each group of threshing bulges on the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate 21 and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate 22 is the length of corn threshing, the length is generally 5-7cm, and the number and the height of the threshing bulges can be adjusted according to the actual condition to meet the actual requirement. Be provided with fixed slot 30 on backup pad 4, install bearing 31 in the fixed slot 30, the fixed cover 5 of ring gear is installed in bearing 31, and the fixed cover 5 of ring gear is fixed more convenient, rotates more in a flexible way.

In addition, the shell 2 comprises an upper shell 35 and a lower shell 36, the upper shell 35 and the lower shell 36 are connected through a flange 37, the lower shell 36 is of a conical structure, a notch 38 is formed in one side of the top of the upper shell 35, and the shells are convenient to connect and disassemble; the notch 38 is primarily for ease of handling and easier insertion of the ear of corn into the fixture through the access hole 15. The below of rotating motor 11 is provided with down shrouding 32, is provided with blanking barrel 33 on the lower shrouding 32, and blanking barrel 33 sets up with the fixed cover 5 of ring gear is concentric, is provided with the second arch 34 that is used for blanking barrel down on the inner wall of casing 2, and lower shrouding seals the bottom, and blanking barrel 33 can avoid seed grain in the scattered everywhere smoothly leading-in tray.

The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims

1. Corn kernel girdling device, its characterized in that: comprises a bottom plate and a shell, wherein the bottom of the shell is provided with supporting legs which are fixed on the bottom plate, the middle part of the shell is horizontally provided with a supporting plate, a gear ring fixing sleeve is rotatably arranged on the supporting plate, an annular baffle is arranged on the gear ring fixing sleeve, a gear ring is arranged on the annular baffle, a fixing plate is also arranged on the gear ring, a blanking through hole is arranged on the fixing plate, the gear ring and the annular baffle are fixedly connected through bolts, a rotating motor is also arranged at the bottom of the supporting plate, an output shaft of the rotating motor extends to the upper part of the supporting plate, a driving gear is arranged on the output shaft, the driving gear is meshed with the gear ring, a clamping mechanism for clamping corns is arranged on the fixing plate, the clamping mechanism can annularly shell the designated position on the corn ears, a plurality, a cover plate is arranged at the top of the clamping mechanism, first bulges for fixing the cover plate are arranged on two sides of the shell, an operation hole is formed in the cover plate and is located right above the clamping mechanism, a partition plate is further arranged on the cover plate, a storage tank is arranged on one side of the partition plate, a feed opening is further formed in the bottom of the shell, a tray is arranged at the bottom of the feed opening and is placed on a bottom plate, and a main controller is further arranged on the outer wall of the shell;

fixture mainly comprises arc solid fixed splint, arc movable splint, servo motor and solid fixed cylinder, the solid fixed cylinder is fixed on the fixed plate, and gu fixed cylinder sets up with the blanking through-hole is concentric, inner wall one side of gu fixed cylinder is provided with the arc solid fixed splint, and the opposite side is provided with the arc movable splint, the arc solid fixed splint passes through the connecting rod to be fixed on gu fixed cylinder, the arc movable splint passes through the lead screw and the guide bar is fixed on gu fixed cylinder, install the uide bushing between guide bar and the solid fixed cylinder, install the screw between lead screw and the solid fixed cylinder, servo motor is installed to the tip of lead screw, still be provided with the guide rail on the fixed plate, servo motor slidable mounting is on the guide rail, thresh the arch and install the inner wall at arc solid fixed splint, arc movable.

2. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 1, wherein: the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plates and the arc-shaped movable clamping plates are conical, two groups of threshing bulges are symmetrically arranged on the inner walls of the arc-shaped fixed clamping plates and the arc-shaped movable clamping plates, each group of threshing bulges are formed by two rows of threshing bulges, and each row of threshing bulges are arranged in a staggered mode.

3. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 1, wherein: the supporting plate is provided with a fixing groove, a bearing is installed in the fixing groove, and the gear ring fixing sleeve is installed in the bearing.

4. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 1, wherein: the rotary motor is characterized in that a lower sealing plate is arranged below the rotary motor, a blanking barrel is arranged on the lower sealing plate and is concentric with a gear ring fixing sleeve, and a second protrusion used for the lower sealing plate is arranged on the inner wall of the shell.

5. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 1, wherein: the casing includes casing and lower casing, go up the casing and pass through flange joint with lower casing, the casing is the toper structure down, top one side of going up the casing is provided with the breach.

6. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 2, wherein: the height of each group of threshing bulges on the arc-shaped fixed clamping plate and the arc-shaped movable clamping plate is the length of corn threshing, and the length is 5-7 cm.

7. The corn kernel girdling device of claim 1, wherein: and a protective rubber sleeve is arranged outside the threshing bulge.