CN109995366B - X-waveband signal synthesis method and X-waveband agile frequency synthesizer - Google Patents
X-waveband signal synthesis method and X-waveband agile frequency synthesizer Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H03L—AUTOMATIC CONTROL, STARTING, SYNCHRONISATION, OR STABILISATION OF GENERATORS OF ELECTRONIC OSCILLATIONS OR PULSES
- H03L7/00—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation
- H03L7/06—Automatic control of frequency or phase; Synchronisation using a reference signal applied to a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/16—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop
- H03L7/18—Indirect frequency synthesis, i.e. generating a desired one of a number of predetermined frequencies using a frequency- or phase-locked loop using a frequency divider or counter in the loop
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- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
Abstract
The invention discloses an X-waveband signal synthesis method and an X-waveband agile frequency synthesizer for realizing the X-waveband signal synthesis method. According to the invention, a series of frequency points of the L-band are selected, and effective filtering processing is carried out through a miniaturized acoustic surface filter component, so that the problems of large size, large power consumption and the like of the traditional direct frequency synthesis method are effectively solved, the problems of poor impurity dispersion, poor phase noise and long frequency hopping time of the classical phase-locked loop frequency synthesis are also solved, and the index performance of the frequency synthesizer is comprehensively improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a microwave direct frequency synthesis technology, in particular to an X-band signal synthesis method and an X-band agility frequency synthesizer.
Background
According to the IEEE 521-2002 standard, the X band refers to a radio wave band with a frequency of 8-12GHz, which belongs to microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum, and the X band has the applications of space research, broadcasting satellites, fixed communication service satellites, earth detection satellites, meteorological satellites and the like in the aspect of space application.
The X-band signal is usually obtained by frequency synthesis. The frequency synthesis is a process of generating a required target frequency signal by performing mathematical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on a reference signal (generally, several tens megahertz to one or two hundred megahertz) with high stability through signal processing such as frequency multiplication, frequency division, frequency mixing, and the like. The frequency synthesizer is used as a core component of civil and military multi-field electronic systems such as communication, navigation, radar, guidance and the like, and the quality of a synthesized signal directly influences the performance of the electronic system. At present, there are two main frequency synthesis methods, namely, the phase-locked frequency synthesis method and the direct frequency synthesis method. Phase-locked frequency synthesis is widely used in electronic systems due to its low cost, wide bandwidth, easy program control, and the like. However, the phase-locked loop also has the disadvantages of poor phase noise index, phase-detecting stray leakage, slow frequency switching time and the like, so that the phase-locked loop cannot meet the requirements in higher-requirement application occasions. The traditional direct frequency synthesis method has the problems of large equipment volume, large power consumption and the like.
The frequency synthesizer selects a series of frequency points of an L wave band and performs effective filtering processing through a miniaturized acoustic surface filter component, so that the problems of large size, large power consumption and the like of the traditional direct frequency synthesis method are effectively solved, the problems of poor dispersion, poor phase noise and long frequency hopping time of classical phase-locked loop frequency synthesis are also solved, and the index performance of the frequency synthesizer is comprehensively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses an X-band signal synthesis method and an X-band agility frequency synthesizer, wherein the frequency synthesizer selects a series of frequency points of an L band and performs effective filtering processing through a miniaturized acoustic surface filter component, so that the problems of large size, large power consumption and the like of the traditional direct frequency synthesis method are effectively solved, the problems of poor dispersion, poor phase noise and long frequency hopping time of the classical phase-locked loop frequency synthesis are also solved, and the index performance of the frequency synthesizer is comprehensively improved.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an X-band signal synthesis method comprises the following steps:
obtaining a reference signal f 0 ；
Excitation reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signal of L wave band, dividing the comb spectrum signal into M paths of signals, the frequency of each path of signal is N 1 f 0 ，N 2 f 0 ，N 3 f 0 ，…，N M f 0 ；
Filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals, wherein the frequency of each path of point frequency signal is f 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 ，…，f M ；
Will have a frequency of f a The dot frequency signal is obtained by two paths of power divisionTwo signals f of the same frequency a-1 And f a-2 ，1≤a≤M；
Will signal f a-1 Performing power division switching and combination processing on the radio frequency signals with the remaining dot frequency signals to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 Signal f (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 All can realize f 1 ,f 2 ,…f M Any frequency switching in (2);
will signal f (1～M)-1 Sum signal f after frequency division by K (1～M)-2 Carrying out first frequency mixing filtering amplification treatment to obtain S-waveband broadband signal f S ；
Will signal f a-2 After frequency multiplication filtering amplification processing, the signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-waveband agile frequency signal f X 。
Preferably, 3. Ltoreq. M.ltoreq.8.
An X-band agile frequency synthesizer for implementing the X-band signal synthesis method of claim 1 or 2, comprising a comb spectrum signal generator, a power divider, a surface acoustic wave filter component, a dual radio frequency switch component and a mixer filter component, wherein:
comb-shaped spectrum signal generator for exciting reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signals of an L wave band;
the power divider is used for carrying out M-path signal power division on the comb spectrum signal;
filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals;
dual radio frequency switch assembly for coupling signal f a-1 Performing power division switch and combination processing on the radio frequency signals with the residual dot frequency signals to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 ；
The mixer-filter assembly being arranged to convert the signal f a-2 After frequency doubling filtering and amplifying, the obtained signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-waveband agile frequency signal f X 。
Preferably, each channel in the saw filter assembly includes three cascaded saw filters.
Preferably, the dual radio frequency switch assembly has the same number of channels as the SAW filter assembly.
Preferably, the input and output impedances of the comb spectrum signal generator, the power divider, the surface acoustic wave filter component, the dual radio frequency switch component and the mixing filter component are 50 ohm matching impedances.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the initial filtering frequency is selected as an L wave band, three acoustic surface filters are designed to be connected in series for each channel, stray suppression can reach 85dBc, if signal filtering of other frequency bands such as an S wave band, a C wave band or an X wave band is selected and needs to be realized by adopting an LC filter, a dielectric filter or a cavity filter, the same stray suppression index (85 dBc) is achieved, and the space volume is 3-4 times larger than that of the design. Therefore, the mode of adopting the acoustic surface filter component greatly reduces the volume of the direct frequency synthesizer.
2. The selected mixing local oscillator signal is obtained by dividing the output signal of the acoustic meter filter component by two powers and then performing quadruple frequency, so that the filtering volume and the power consumption required by independently generating the local oscillator signal can be saved; the double-switch filter component with the same channel number as the filter component is selected, and the double-switch filter component and the filter component are designed to be in seamless butt joint in structural design, so that space and power consumption are further saved.
3. The stray rejection of the X-band agile frequency synthesizer designed by the invention is better than 85dBc, and the frequency hopping time of the frequency synthesizer is less than fifty nanoseconds; compared with the frequency hopping time of a traditional phase-locked frequency synthesizer, the frequency hopping time of the phase-locked frequency synthesizer is dozens of microseconds to hundreds of microseconds, and the frequency hopping time of a traditional DDS direct frequency synthesizer is one or two microseconds, the frequency hopping method has the advantage of faster frequency hopping.
Drawings
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present application will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an X-band agile frequency synthesizer according to the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a comb spectrum generator and power division network scheme according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the arrangement of the components of the acoustic surface filter of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a dual RF switch assembly according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a block diagram of a mixing filter assembly according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a method for synthesizing an X-waveband signal, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining a reference signal f 0 ；
Excitation reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signals of L wave band (frequency range 1-2 GHz), and performing M-path signal power division on the comb spectrum signals, wherein the frequency of each path of power division signal is N 1 f 0 ，N 2 f 0 ，N 3 f 0 ，...，N M f 0 ；
Filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals, wherein the frequency of each path of point frequency signal is f 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 ，…，f M ；
Will have a frequency of f a The dot frequency signal is divided into two paths to obtain two paths of signals f with the same frequency a-1 And f a-2 ，1≤a≤M；
f a The selection of the X-band agile signal is determined by the frequency of the X-band agile signal which is finally required to be output,
wherein D is f a By varying the frequency of f a And the frequency selection is used for realizing the expansion of the frequency of the X-band output signal.
Will signal f a-1 Performing power division switch and combination processing on the radio frequency signals with the residual dot frequency signals to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 Signal f (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 All can be usedNow f 1 ,f 2 ,…f M Any frequency switching of (2);
the frequency switching is realized by switching the radio frequency switch channel, and the switching time reaches nanosecond level.
Will signal f (1～M)-1 Sum signal f after frequency division by K (1～M)-2 Carrying out first frequency mixing filtering amplification treatment to obtain S-band broadband signal f S ；
Signal f S Is defined by the reference signal frequency f 0 Determined by the power division number of M paths, and the frequency hopping step is determined by the frequency f of the reference signal 0 Determined together with the frequency division number K, at the input of a reference signal f 0 Under the condition of no change, the customized design of different frequency bands and different frequency hopping steps of the X wave band can be realized by changing the values of M and K.
Will signal f a-2 After frequency multiplication filtering amplification processing, the signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-waveband agile frequency signal f X 。
In specific implementation, M is more than or equal to 3 and less than or equal to 8.
The frequency synthesizer has fewer frequency points and the application range is limited due to the fact that the value of M is too small; too large value of M will result in too many stages of power dividers in the power dividing network, and affect the performance of the frequency synthesizer.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention discloses an X-band agile frequency synthesizer, which is used for implementing the X-band signal synthesis method according to claim 1 or 2, and includes a comb spectrum signal generator, a power divider (power dividing network), a surface acoustic wave filter component, a dual radio frequency switch component, and a mixer filter component, wherein:
comb-shaped spectrum signal generator for exciting reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signals of an L wave band;
the power divider is used for carrying out M-path signal power division on the comb spectrum signal;
filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals;
dual radio frequency switch assembly for coupling signal f a-1 Performing power division on the radio frequency signal with the residual dot frequency signalThe switch and the combiner are processed to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 ；
The mixer-filter assembly being arranged to convert the signal f a-2 After frequency multiplication filtering amplification processing, the signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-band agile frequency signal f X 。
f X The output signal frequency has the characteristics of low phase noise, high spurious suppression and nanosecond-level frequency agility, and the whole X-waveband agility frequency synthesizer has the advantage of miniaturization.
In the invention, a comb spectrum signal generator adopts a step diode to excite to generate a comb spectrum signal with low phase noise;
the power divider (power dividing network) adopts the cascade connection and parallel connection of a multi-stage one-to-two power divider to realize the power division from one path to multiple paths;
the acoustic surface filter component adopts an integrated design mode of three-level acoustic surface filter cascade connection and multi-channel parallel connection to realize miniaturization;
the dual radio frequency switch component divides each path of input signals by two powers, and then a PIN tube core is adopted to design a radio frequency switch combiner to finally output two paths of broadband frequency signals with switchable frequencies;
the frequency mixing filter component mainly realizes frequency mixing and filtering amplification twice, an LC filter is adopted to realize filtering processing after first-stage frequency mixing, and a microstrip filter is adopted to realize filtering processing after second-stage frequency mixing.
The miniaturization of the whole frequency synthesizer can be realized after the miniaturization and the modularization design of the parts are realized.
In a specific implementation, each channel in the saw filter assembly includes three cascaded saw filters.
By adopting the structure, the spurious suppression of each stage of the acoustic surface filter is about 30dBc, and the spurious suppression of the final output signal can be ensured to be better than 85dBc by three-stage cascade connection.
In specific implementation, the channels of the dual radio frequency switch assembly and the channels of the surface acoustic wave filter assembly are the same.
The surface acoustic wave filter component and the double radio frequency switch component which are in the same channel are in modular design, and can be in seamless butt joint to achieve miniaturization of the overall design of the frequency synthesizer.
In specific implementation, the input and output impedances of the comb spectrum signal generator, the power divider, the surface acoustic wave filter component, the dual radio frequency switch component and the mixing filter component are all 50 ohm matching impedances.
The input impedance and the output impedance of each module are 50 ohm matching impedances, and the stray suppression of the final output signals is better than 85dBc.
If impedance mismatching occurs, the filtering effect of the acoustic surface filter component can be affected, and finally stray cannot reach an optimal value, so that the impedances are all matched with 50 ohms.
The following description will be made by taking an example of an agile frequency source having an output frequency of 9.6 to 10.2GHz and a frequency step of 50 MHz.
A reference 100MHz reference signal is used as the reference input of a comb spectrum generator, N x 100MHz harmonic signals are excited by the comb spectrum generator, and the power division network divides the signals into 5 paths.
The five-channel acoustic meter filter component is used for receiving the generated 5 paths of signals, five point frequency signals of 1.6GHz,1.7GHz,1.8GHz,1.9GHz and 2.0GHz are respectively filtered out by the acoustic meter filter component, three acoustic meter filter cascades are designed for each channel, the realized stray suppression is better than 85dBc, and in addition, the point frequency signals of 1.8GHz are divided into two paths.
Five paths of signals output by the sound meter filter bank are input into the double one-of-five radio frequency switch assembly, two paths of signals are output after passing through the switch assembly, and each path of signals can be switched to any one of the five frequency points through the switch.
One of the two 1.6-2 GHz signals output by the switch component is used for dividing frequency by two to 800 MHz-1000 MHz, the frequency is stepped to 50MHz, and then the first-stage frequency mixing filtering processing is carried out on the other signal. After the two are mixed and filtered, a low-phase noise frequency agile signal of an S wave band of 2.4 GHz-3 GHz is output, the frequency hopping is stepped by 50MHz, and the frequency hopping time is 50ns. And then, performing secondary frequency mixing on the 1.8GHz power division signal selected by filtering in the step two, which is quadrupled to 7.2GHz, and the local oscillation signal which is subjected to secondary frequency mixing with the 2.4-3 GHz signal generated by the primary frequency mixing, and finally outputting a frequency hopping signal with the frequency of 9.6-10.2 GHz and the frequency stepped by 50MHz, wherein the phase noise reaching index of the output signal of the frequency synthesizer is better than-113 dBc/Hz @1kHz, the stray index is better than 85dBc, the frequency hopping time is less than 50ns, and the total volume of the frequency synthesizer is 100mm multiplied by 18mm, so that the frequency synthesizer is a high-performance X-waveband agile frequency synthesizer.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the application, and that, while the application has been described with reference to preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the application as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (6)
1. An X-band signal synthesis method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining a reference signal f 0 ；
Excitation reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signal of L wave band, dividing the comb spectrum signal into M paths of signals, the frequency of each path of signal is N 1 f 0 ，N 2 f 0 ，N 3 f 0 ，…，N M f 0 ；
Filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals, wherein the frequency of each path of point frequency signal is f 1 ，f 2 ，f 3 ，…，f M ；
Will have a frequency f a The dot frequency signal is divided into two paths to obtain two paths of signals f with the same frequency a-1 And f a-2 ，1≤a≤M；
Will signal f a-1 Performing power division switching and combination processing on the radio frequency signals with the remaining dot frequency signals to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 Signal f (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 All can realize f 1 ,f 2 ,…f M Any frequency switching in (2);
letter of letterNumber f (1～M)-1 Sum signal f after frequency division by K (1～M)-2 Carrying out first frequency mixing filtering amplification treatment to obtain S-waveband broadband signal f S ；
Will signal f a-2 After frequency multiplication filtering amplification processing, the signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-band agile frequency signal f X 。
2. The method of claim 1, wherein M is 3 ≦ M ≦ 8.
3. An X-band agile frequency synthesizer for implementing the X-band signal synthesis method of claim 1 or 2, comprising a comb spectrum signal generator, a power divider, a surface acoustic wave filter component, a dual radio frequency switch component and a mixer filter component, wherein:
comb spectrum signal generator for exciting reference signal f 0 Generating comb spectrum signals of an L wave band;
the power divider is used for carrying out M-path signal power division on the comb spectrum signal;
filtering the M paths of power division signals to obtain M paths of point frequency signals;
dual radio frequency switch assembly for coupling signal f a-1 Performing power division switch and combination processing on the radio frequency signals with the residual dot frequency signals to obtain two paths of signals f with switchable frequencies (1～M)-1 And f (1～M)-2 ；
The mixer-filter assembly being arranged to convert the signal f a-2 After frequency multiplication filtering amplification processing, the signal is used as a local oscillator signal and f S Mixing to obtain X-band agile frequency signal f X 。
4. The X-band agile frequency synthesizer of claim 3 wherein each channel in the saw filter assembly includes three cascaded saw filters.
5. An X-band agile frequency synthesizer according to claim 3 wherein the dual radio frequency switch module has the same number of channels as the saw filter module.
6. The X-band agile frequency synthesizer of claim 3 wherein the input and output impedances of the comb spectrum signal generator, power divider, surface acoustic wave filter assembly, dual radio frequency switch assembly and mixer filter assembly are 50 ohm matched impedances.
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| CN110545146B (en) * | 2019-09-11 | 2021-11-02 | 南京邮电大学 | Band width splicing method of ISM frequency band |
| CN112055384B (en) * | 2020-09-09 | 2023-05-16 | 周伟 | Broadband self-adaptive signal shielding method |
| CN113126035B (en) * | 2021-04-20 | 2024-01-23 | 核工业西南物理研究院 | Multichannel microwave detector based on comb spectrum frequency conversion |
| CN113726334B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-03-08 | 江苏华讯电子技术有限公司 | S-band low-phase-noise low-stray fine stepping frequency source assembly and use method |
| CN113589291A (en) * | 2021-09-30 | 2021-11-02 | 成都远望探测技术有限公司 | W-band continuous wave cloud and fog radar transmitting and receiving system |
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