CN109991773B - Microcapsule liquid crystal display device and application thereof - Google Patents

Microcapsule liquid crystal display device and application thereof Download PDF

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CN109991773B
CN109991773B CN201810005513.XA CN201810005513A CN109991773B CN 109991773 B CN109991773 B CN 109991773B CN 201810005513 A CN201810005513 A CN 201810005513A CN 109991773 B CN109991773 B CN 109991773B
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liquid crystal
microcapsule
display device
crystal display
layer
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CN109991773A (en
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王盼盼
祝春才
丁文全
张文琦
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Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K19/00—Liquid crystal materials
    • C09K19/52—Liquid crystal materials characterised by components which are not liquid crystals, e.g. additives with special physical aspect: solvents, solid particles
    • C09K19/54—Additives having no specific mesophase characterised by their chemical composition
    • C09K19/542—Macromolecular compounds
    • C09K19/544—Macromolecular compounds as dispersing or encapsulating medium around the liquid crystal
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1334—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods based on polymer dispersed liquid crystals, e.g. microencapsulated liquid crystals
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
    • G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal

Abstract

The invention provides a microcapsule liquid crystal display device and application thereof, wherein the microcapsule liquid crystal display device comprises at least two flexible conductive layers and a microcapsule mixing layer clamped between the at least two flexible conductive layers, at least one of the at least two flexible conductive layers is a transparent flexible conductive layer, when the at least two flexible conductive layers are transparent flexible conductive layers, a light absorption layer is arranged on one side, close to the microcapsule mixing layer, of any one flexible conductive layer, and when only one flexible conductive layer is a transparent flexible conductive layer, a light absorption layer is arranged on one side, close to the microcapsule mixing layer, of a non-transparent flexible conductive layer, the microcapsule mixing layer consists of a liquid crystal microcapsule and an adhesive for bonding the liquid crystal microcapsule, and the liquid crystal microcapsule is wrapped with a cholesteric liquid crystal material containing one or more compounds selected from general formula I. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device provided by the invention has the characteristics of low driving voltage, high reflectivity and contrast and flexible display, and is suitable for the field of electronic paper.
Figure DDA0001538493870000011

Description

Microcapsule liquid crystal display device and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of liquid crystal display devices, in particular to a microcapsule liquid crystal display device and application thereof in the field of electronic paper.
Background
In the early 70 s of the 20 th century, information Display technology began to revolutionize with the invention of Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs). Because the LCD is a lightweight, low power flat panel display that provides visual readout capabilities that meet the small size, light weight, and battery requirements of hand-held electronic devices, this display technology has enabled a proliferation of new classes of hand-held and other portable products. Commercially, LCDs are first widely used as digital readers on watches, then used in instruments, and later used in handheld computers, personal data assistants, and many other digital devices. Today, LCD technology has almost replaced cathode ray tubes in the field of televisions and Personal Computers (PCs).
Almost all commercial LCD displays manufactured and sold today are on glass substrates. Glass has many characteristics suitable for use in LCD manufacturing. The glass can be processed at high temperatures, is rigid and strong, is suitable for use in the batch processing methods used in high volume manufacturing, where the surface of the glass becomes extremely smooth and uniform over a wide range, and the glass has desirable optical properties, such as high transparency. However, in many applications, glass is far from ideal as a substrate material. Glass substrates do not become very flexible and not very strong, are not suitable for web manufacturing (web manufacturing) and are prone to breakage. Great efforts are therefore being made worldwide to develop displays on more flexible and robust substrates that not only conform to three-dimensional formulations, but also flex repeatedly. It is desirable that the display has the flexibility of a thin plastic sheet, paper or fabric so that it can be draped, rolled or folded like paper or cloth.
The microcapsule display is a typical flexible liquid crystal display, which is characterized in that the microencapsulation technology is used to limit the liquid crystal which is easy to flow originally in a specific space to form microencapsulated liquid crystal, and then the microencapsulated liquid crystal is dispersed in a dispersing agent and coated on a flexible display panel, thereby realizing flexible display.
Smectic phase a liquid crystal material is a common material used to prepare microencapsulated liquid crystals, and has two stable states, a homeotropic state, in which incident light can be almost completely transmitted without scattering, and a focal conic state, in which incident light is almost completely scattered, thus having very good optical properties. Chinese patent CN101415280 and US patent US2003112204 both use high frequency and low frequency voltages to switch two stable states respectively: when the liquid crystal display is driven at low frequency, the liquid crystal arrangement is disturbed through ions, and a fog state (white background) is realized; when the liquid crystal display panel is driven at high frequency, the ion effect is weakened, the liquid crystal is arranged perpendicular to the surface of the substrate, the transparent state is realized, and the black background (black characters) can be displayed. The disadvantages are high driving voltage (generally more than 60V), low contrast (about 2.0) and slow response. The higher driving voltage will undoubtedly increase the difficulty and cost of the design and manufacture of the driving chip.
In addition, the prior art also uses cholesteric liquid crystals for the preparation of liquid crystal microcapsules, since cholesteric liquid crystals themselves have several different states, including the homeotropic state of the parallel electric field of the liquid crystal molecules under the electric field, and two stable states without the need for an external electric field: planar state and focal conic state. The cholesteric liquid crystal material has bistable characteristics, both stable states can be kept stable under the condition of no external electric field, and respectively show a bright state or a dark state, and display information can be stored without an external power supply except for the switching process; on the other hand, the cholesteric liquid crystal material has the characteristic of reflecting external light without a backlight source and a polaroid, so that the cholesteric liquid crystal material is more energy-saving than a common display. However, the existing liquid crystal microcapsules are almost prepared by using cholesteric liquid crystal materials with positive dielectric anisotropy, and still have some disadvantages, such as that the driving voltage for switching cholesteric liquid crystal into a planar state is still high, which requires about 30V, and liquid crystal molecules cannot completely return to the planar state, which affects the contrast ratio of the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: an object of the present invention is to provide a microcapsule liquid crystal display device having characteristics of low driving voltage, high reflectance and high contrast.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a microcapsule liquid crystal display device comprising at least two flexible conductive layers, and a microcapsule mixed layer sandwiched between the at least two flexible conductive layers, at least one of the at least two flexible conductive layers being a transparent flexible conductive layer, when the at least two flexible conductive layers are both transparent flexible conductive layers, then any one of the flexible conductive layers is provided with a light absorbing layer at one side close to the microcapsule mixing layer, when only one flexible conductive layer is a transparent flexible conductive layer, wherein the non-transparent flexible conductive layer is provided with a light absorbing layer at one side close to the microcapsule mixing layer, the microcapsule mixing layer is composed of liquid crystal microcapsules and a binder for binding the liquid crystal microcapsules, characterized in that the liquid crystal microcapsule is wrapped with a cholesteric liquid crystal material comprising one or more compounds selected from formula I:
Figure BDA0001538493850000021
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R1and R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, -O (CH)2)pO(CH2)qCH3、
Figure BDA0001538493850000022
Figure BDA0001538493850000023
wherein-H, one or more of said linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy and said linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy, may be substituted by-F;
Z1and Z2Each independently represents a single bond, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-, -CH ═ CH-or-C ≡ C-;
L1and L2Each independently represents-F, -Cl, -CN or-NCS;
ring (C)
Figure BDA0001538493850000031
And ring
Figure BDA0001538493850000032
Each independently represent
Figure BDA0001538493850000033
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure BDA0001538493850000034
one or more-CH2-can be replaced by-O-,
Figure BDA0001538493850000035
wherein one or more-H may be substituted by halogen;
n1 represents 1, 2 or 3, and when n1 is 2 or 3, the ring
Figure BDA0001538493850000036
May be the same or different, Z1May be the same or different;
n2 represents 0 or 1;
p represents an integer of 1 to 12;
q represents an integer of 0 to 12.
It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to only having two flexible conductive layers, for example, in order to realize multi-domain display of a liquid crystal display panel, more than two flexible conductive layers may be provided, and if the device configuration in each domain is consistent with the technical solution of the present invention, such a device configuration should also be included in the inventive concept of the present invention.
In some embodiments of the invention, preferably, R1And R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, -O (CH)2)pO(CH2)qCH3。
In some embodiments of the invention, more preferably, R is1And R2Each independently represents a straight chain or branched chain having 1 to 7 carbon atomsAlkyl or alkoxy, or a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula i comprises more than 1% by weight of the total cholesteric liquid crystal material; preferably, the compound of the general formula I accounts for 20-100% of the total weight of the cholesteric liquid crystal material; more preferably, the compound of formula i is present in an amount of 50-100% by weight of the total cholesteric liquid crystal material;
in some embodiments of the invention, the compound of formula i is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure BDA0001538493850000037
Figure BDA0001538493850000041
in some embodiments of the present invention, further, the cholesteric liquid crystal material may further comprise 0-60% by total weight of one or more compounds selected from formula ii:
Figure BDA0001538493850000051
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Riand RiiEach independently represents H, an alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms;
ring (C)
Figure BDA0001538493850000052
And ring
Figure BDA0001538493850000053
Are the same or different and each independently represents
Figure BDA0001538493850000054
Figure BDA0001538493850000055
ZiRepresents a single bond, -CH2CH2-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-, -CO-O-or-O-CO-;
a represents 1, 2 or 3, and when a is 2 or 3, the ring
Figure BDA0001538493850000056
May be the same or different.
In some embodiments of the present invention, it is further preferred that the compound of formula ii is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure BDA0001538493850000057
Figure BDA0001538493850000061
in some embodiments of the invention, it is further preferred that RiAnd RiiEach independently represents an alkyl group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group or an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 7 carbon atoms.
In some embodiments of the invention, it is further preferred that the compound of formula ii comprises 0-40% by total weight of the cholesteric liquid crystal material; still further preferably, the compound of formula ii is present in an amount of 0-20% by weight of the total cholesteric liquid crystal material.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal material may further comprise 0-20% by total weight of one or more compounds selected from formula iii:
Figure BDA0001538493850000062
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R3and R4Each independently represents a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, -O (CH)2)pO(CH2)qCH3、
Figure BDA0001538493850000063
Wherein one or more-H of said linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy and said linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy may be substituted by-F.
At least a portion of the outermost layer of the microcapsule liquid crystal display device may be provided with an insulating layer in order to prevent the occurrence of device electrical breakdown, and of course, an insulating layer may be provided between two flexible conductive layers in order to prevent the occurrence of device short circuit, and the insulating layer may be made of an insulating material such as OCA optical cement.
The transparent flexible conductive layer without the light absorption layer can be a transparent substrate (such as a PET film) covered with a conductive coating (such as a coating formed by conductive ITO, carbon nano tubes, silver nanowires and the like) on one side close to the microcapsule mixing layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the light absorbing layer may absorb light in the visible range, preferably black with a fixed opaque light absorbing background that provides high contrast of the reflected color image of the liquid crystal display, although other opaque colors for a fixed background of a cholesteric liquid crystal display may also be used. The light absorbing layer can be independently arranged with the adjacent flexible conducting layer, for example, the light absorbing layer can be arranged in a coating mode after the dye and the adhesive which can be cured by heat or UV are mixed, then the conducting layer (such as conductive silver and the like) is independently arranged on the light absorbing layer, or the light absorbing layer and the adjacent flexible conducting layer can be combined into one layer for arrangement, for example, the black conducting adhesive can be selected, so that the purpose of absorbing light by the light absorbing layer can be realized, and the flexible conducting layer also has the function of conducting electricity.
In order to achieve a better thermal printing effect, the microcapsule liquid crystal display device has a thickness of 10-200 μm, except for a transparent flexible conductive layer not provided with a light absorbing layer.
In some embodiments of the invention, the microcapsules have a particle size of 0.11 to 50 μm; preferably, the particle size of the microcapsule is 1-40 μm; more preferably, the particle size of the microcapsule is 2 to 20 μm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the shell material of the liquid crystal microcapsule is a thermoplastic resin, and the glass transition temperature Tg of the thermoplastic resin is preferably 50 to 200 ℃, and more preferably 50 to 120 ℃, and specifically may be selected from one or more of polyurea, polymethacrylic resin (such as polymethylmethacrylate, PMMA), and polyethylene terephthalate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal microcapsule is between 400-650nm, and the liquid crystal microcapsule may be composed of liquid crystal microcapsules having a single reflection wavelength, or cholesteric liquid crystals having different reflection wavelengths may be selected to be respectively prepared into liquid crystal microcapsules having different reflection wavelengths, and then the liquid crystal microcapsules having different reflection wavelengths are mixed to form a mixed liquid crystal microcapsule.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the refractive index of the cholesteric liquid crystal is between 0.1 and 0.25, and the reflection effect is better; the clearing point of the cholesteric liquid crystal is between 50 and 90 ℃, and the effect of thermal phase change is better.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the liquid crystal microcapsule may be prepared by thermally induced phase separation, polymerization phase separation, lyotropic phase separation or emulsion dispersion.
In some embodiments of the invention, the adhesive comprises a gel material and/or a polymerizable material.
In some embodiments of the invention, the gel material in the binder is selected from one or more of the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Polyurethane (PU), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), protein gel, and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc).
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material in the adhesive is polymerized from a single polymerizable material by light or heat.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the polymerizable material in the adhesive may also be polymerized by light or heat from a polymerizable material and an initiator.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material in the adhesive may also be polymerized by light or heat from polymerizable materials, initiators, and adjuvants.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material is comprised of an acrylate system or a modified acrylate system.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material is comprised of a vinyl system.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material is comprised of a vinyl ether system.
In some embodiments of the invention, the polymerizable material is comprised of an epoxy system.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the liquid crystal microcapsule to the binder in the microcapsule mixing layer is 2:8 to 8:2, and if the binder content is too high, the reflectivity of the resulting device may be reduced, and if the binder content is too low, the device may have insufficient supporting force against external stress.
In some embodiments of the invention, the cholesteric liquid crystal material may further incorporate a dye, preferably a dichroic dye, in order to achieve a color display.
The invention can adopt lead screw printing, scraper printing and silk screen printing to manufacture one layer or more layers in the liquid crystal display device.
The microcapsule liquid crystal display device provided by the invention can realize thermal printing within 120 ℃ by using a common thermal printer (such as a GK 888t type label printer), can display the printing effect in a curled shape, and can be used as repeatedly-used flexible electronic paper.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the liquid crystal display device of the invention utilizes cholesteric liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy to prepare liquid crystal microcapsules, the liquid crystal microcapsules are distributed in an adhesive, and the arrangement of a transparent flexible conducting layer and a light absorption layer is matched, so that the stable state characteristic of the cholesteric liquid crystal in a flexible state can be kept, the cholesteric liquid crystal is converted into a focal conic state under the action of heat or pressure on the basis that the device is flexible, printed fonts can be erased under low voltage (about 10V), the cholesteric liquid crystal returns to a planar state and is displayed in color, and the microcapsule display device has the characteristics of low driving voltage, high reflectivity and contrast and flexible display, is suitable for the field of electronic paper, can be repeatedly used, and is green and environment-friendly.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the microcapsule liquid crystal display device in comparative example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the structure of a microcapsule liquid crystal display device in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a microcapsule liquid crystal display device in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of microcapsule liquid crystal display devices in examples 3, 4, 5, and 6;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the printing effect of example 1 by a GK 888t label printer;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the printing effect of example 3 by a GK 888 t-type label printer;
wherein, 1, transparent flexible conducting layer; 2. an insulating layer; 3. a microcapsule mixing layer; 3-1, adhesive; 3-2, liquid crystal microcapsules; 4. a light absorbing layer; 5. a flexible conductive layer; 6. a conductive light absorbing layer; a represents a green background effect; b represents the black word effect; c represents the red background effect; d represents a black word effect.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. It should be noted that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Other combinations and various modifications within the spirit or scope of the present invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. It may be evident, however, that the subject invention can be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form in order to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present invention.
For convenience of expression, in the following examples, the group structures of the liquid crystal compounds are represented by the codes listed in Table 1:
TABLE 1 radical structural code of liquid crystal compounds
Figure BDA0001538493850000091
Figure BDA0001538493850000101
Compounds of the following formula are exemplified:
Figure BDA0001538493850000102
the structural formula is represented by the code listed in Table 1, and can be expressed as: nCPUF, where n in the code represents the number of C atoms in the left alkyl group, e.g., n is "3", i.e., the alkyl group is-C3H7(ii) a C in the code represents cyclohexane, P in the code represents 1, 4-phenylene, and U in the code represents 3, 5-difluoro-1, 4-phenylene.
The abbreviated codes of the test items in the following examples are as follows:
cp (. degree. C.): clearing points (nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature)
Δ n: optical anisotropy (589nm, 25 ℃ C.)
Δ ε: dielectric anisotropy (1KHz, 25 ℃ C.)
Wherein the optical anisotropy is measured by an Abbe refractometer under a sodium lamp (589nm) light source at 25 ℃; v10And (3) testing conditions are as follows: DMS 505/square wave/100 HZ, 7 μm TN cell;
Δ ∈ | ∈ | — |, where ∈ | is the dielectric constant parallel to the molecular axis and ∈ | is the dielectric constant perpendicular to the molecular axis, test conditions: 25 ℃, 1KHz, 7 μm TN cell.
The HPC850100-100 described below is a trade name of liquid crystal products manufactured by Jiangsu and Chengzhi technologies, Inc., and is commercially available. The OCA optical cement is purchased from Shenzhen Dalton electronic materials Limited. The coating machine is selected from JFA-II type coating machines produced by Shanghai modern environmental engineering technology Limited. The conductive adhesive is a commercially available GRAPHIT33 conductive adhesive.
The techniques of lead screw printing, squeegee printing, screen printing, and the like described below are all coating techniques generally known to those skilled in the art, and will not be described further below.
Comparative example 1
To HPC850100-100(Δ ∈ ═ 28), an appropriate optically active substance was added to adjust the cholesteric reflection wavelength to about 546nm, 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of pmma prepolymer had been dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal was added and mixed uniformly to form an emulsion, and then methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 50 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). And then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with a 20 wt% PVA aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 125 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying the base material for 3 minutes at the high temperature of 100 ℃, and polymerizing and curing the base material for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illumination of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. Then, a layer of the prepared PVA mixed liquid crystal microcapsule solution having a thickness of 40 μm was coated on the surface of the OCA optical cement by a squeegee printing technique, and dried at 40 ℃ for 5 hours. A10 μm thick 20% by weight aqueous PVA solution mixed with a suitable black dye was then applied to the film by squeegee printing and dried at 40 ℃ for 5 hours. And finally, coating a layer of conductive silver paste with the thickness of 10 mu m by a lead screw printing technology, and drying at 80 ℃ for 0.5 hour to prepare the microcapsule liquid crystal display device with positive dielectric anisotropy.
The structure of the prepared liquid crystal display device is shown in figure 1, the device can be switched into a black state by applying a voltage of 50V, and the printing effect of black matrix green characters can be realized under a common GK 888t type label printer. The device is flexible and reusable, with a 25% reflectivity measured using the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.
Example 1
Preparing a liquid crystal composition HNL-1 according to the compounds listed in the table 2 and the weight percentage thereof:
TABLE 2 liquid crystal composition formulations and their conventional performance parameters
Figure BDA0001538493850000111
Figure BDA0001538493850000121
To the HNL-1, a suitable optically active substance was added to adjust the reflection wavelength of the cholesteric phase to about 540nm, 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of PMMA prepolymer (trade name CM-211) was dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal was added and mixed uniformly to form an emulsion, and then methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 50 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). Then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with 30 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 125 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying the base material for 8 hours at room temperature to uniformly form a film from the mixture. A10 μm thick 20% by weight aqueous PVA solution mixed with a suitable black dye was then applied to the film by squeegee printing and dried at 40 ℃ for 5 hours. Then, a layer of conductive silver paste with a thickness of 10 μm is applied again by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 80 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The resulting liquid crystal display device was constructed as shown in fig. 2, and the device was switched to a planar state by applying a voltage of 10V. The printing effect of the black characters on the green background can be realized under the common GK 888t type label printer (as shown in figure 5). The device has a reflectivity of 32% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e. the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 4, and is flexible and reusable.
Example 2
Liquid crystal composition HNL-2 was prepared from the compounds listed in table 3 and their weight percentages:
TABLE 3 liquid crystal composition formulations and their conventional performance parameters
Figure BDA0001538493850000122
Figure BDA0001538493850000131
To the HNL-2, a suitable optically active substance was added to adjust the cholesteric reflection wavelength to about 590nm, 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of PMMA prepolymer (trade name CM-207) was dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal was added and mixed uniformly to form an emulsion, and then methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 50 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). Then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with 30 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 4:6 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 125 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying the base material for 8 hours at room temperature to uniformly form a film from the mixture. A10 μm thick 20% by weight aqueous PVA solution mixed with a suitable black dye was then applied to the film by the squeegee technique and dried at 40 ℃ for 5 hours. Then, a black conductive adhesive with a thickness of 20 μm was coated by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 80 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The structure of the prepared liquid crystal display device is shown in fig. 3, the device can be switched into a plane state by applying 8V voltage, and the printing effect of black characters with orange bottom can be realized under a common GK 888t type label printer. The device has a reflectivity of 30% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.8, and is flexible and reusable.
Example 3
To HNL-2 obtained in example 2, an appropriate optically active substance was added to adjust the reflection wavelength of the cholesteric phase to about 620nm, 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of PMMA prepolymer (trade name CM-207) was dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal was added and mixed uniformly to form an emulsion, and then methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 50 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). Then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with 30 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 75 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃. Then, a black conductive adhesive with a thickness of 20 μm was coated by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 50 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The resulting liquid crystal display device was constructed as shown in fig. 4, and the device was switched to a planar state by applying a voltage of 8V. The printing effect of the red-background black characters can be realized under the common GK 888t type label printer (as shown in figure 6). The device has a reflectivity of 28% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e. the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.4, and is flexible and reusable.
Example 4
Liquid crystal composition HNL-3 was prepared from the compounds listed in table 4 and their weight percentages:
TABLE 5 liquid crystal composition formulations and their conventional performance parameters
Figure BDA0001538493850000141
Figure BDA0001538493850000151
To the HNL-3, a suitable optically active substance was added to adjust the cholesteric reflection wavelength to about 490nm, and 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of PMMA prepolymer (trade name CM-207) was dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), and after adding 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal and mixing them uniformly to form an emulsion, methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 40 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). Then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with 25 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 75 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃. Then, a black conductive adhesive with a thickness of 20 μm was coated by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 50 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The structure of the prepared liquid crystal display device is shown in fig. 4, the device can be switched into a plane state by applying 14V voltage, and the printing effect of black characters on blue background can be realized under a common GK 888t type label printer. The device has a reflectivity of 29% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.5, and is flexible and reusable.
Example 5
Liquid crystal composition HNL-4 was prepared from the compounds listed in table 5 and their weight percentages:
TABLE 6 liquid crystal composition formulations and their conventional performance parameters
Figure BDA0001538493850000152
Figure BDA0001538493850000161
To the HNL-4, a suitable optically active substance was added to adjust the reflection wavelength of the cholesteric phase to about 540nm, 80mL of methylene chloride in which 1g of PMMA prepolymer (trade name CM-211) was dissolved in advance was mixed with 400mL of an aqueous solution containing 1 wt% of polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), 20g of cholesteric liquid crystal was added and mixed uniformly to form an emulsion, and then methylene chloride was removed by solvent evaporation to obtain an aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules having a diameter of about 10 μm (containing about 60 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules). Then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of the liquid crystal microcapsule with 25 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 4:6 for later use.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 75 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃. Then, a black conductive adhesive with a thickness of 20 μm was coated by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 50 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The structure of the prepared liquid crystal display device is shown in fig. 4, the device can be switched into a plane state by applying 14V voltage, and the printing effect of black characters on green background can be realized under a common GK 888t type label printer. The device has a reflectivity of 29% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.5, and is flexible and reusable.
Example 6
Adding appropriate optically active substance into HNL-2 prepared in example 2 to adjust the reflection wavelength of the cholesteric phase to be about 480nm, 550nm and 625nm, respectively, mixing 3 batches of 80mL dichloromethane pre-dissolved with 1g PMMA prepolymer (brand GF1000) with 400mL aqueous solution doped with 1 wt% polymethacrylic acid (PMAA), respectively adding 20g of the cholesteric phase liquid crystal with different reflection wavelength, uniformly mixing to form emulsion, removing dichloromethane by solvent evaporation method to obtain aqueous solution containing liquid crystal microcapsules with different reflection wavelength about 10 μm in diameter (containing about 50 wt% of liquid crystal microcapsules), uniformly mixing the three aqueous solutions of liquid crystal microcapsules with different reflection wavelength according to the mass ratio of 1:1:1, then uniformly mixing the prepared aqueous solution of liquid crystal microcapsules with 30 wt% of bone glue aqueous solution according to the volume ratio of 1:1, and (5) standby.
Selecting conductive PET-ITO with the thickness of 75 microns as a first base material, placing the first base material on a film coating machine for flat placement, coating a layer of the prepared liquid crystal microcapsule solution mixed with the bone glue with the thickness of 40 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, and drying for 5 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃. Then, a black conductive adhesive with a thickness of 20 μm was coated by a lead screw printing technique and dried at 50 ℃ for 0.5 hour. And finally, coating a layer of OCA optical cement with the thickness of 20 microns on the surface of the base material by adopting a lead screw printing technology, drying at the high temperature of 100 ℃ for 3 minutes, and polymerizing and curing for 3 minutes under a fluorescent lamp with the illuminance of 8mW and the wavelength of 365 nm. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device with negative dielectric anisotropy can be prepared.
The structure of the prepared liquid crystal display device is shown in fig. 4, the device can be switched into a plane state by applying 12V voltage, and the printing effect of black characters on white can be realized under a common GK 888t type label printer. The device has a reflectivity of 29% measured by the DMS505 and a contrast ratio (i.e., the ratio of the reflection intensity in the planar state to the reflection intensity in the focal conic state) of 3.4, and is flexible and reusable.
As can be seen from comparison of comparative example 1 and examples 1-6, the liquid crystal display device provided by the invention utilizes cholesteric liquid crystal with negative dielectric anisotropy to prepare liquid crystal microcapsules, and the liquid crystal microcapsules are redistributed in adhesive, the arrangement of the transparent flexible conductive layer and the light absorption layer can maintain the stable state characteristic of the cholesteric liquid crystal in a flexible state, thereby, on the basis that the device is flexible, the cholesteric liquid crystal is converted into a focal conic state under the action of heat or pressure, printed fonts can be erased under low voltage (about 10V), the cholesteric liquid crystal returns to a plane state and is displayed in color, the microcapsule liquid crystal display device has a lower driving voltage, a high reflectance and a high contrast ratio, compared to a microcapsule liquid crystal display device having a positive dielectric anisotropy, but flexible display's advantage is applicable to the electronic paper field, can use repeatedly, green.
The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (14)

1. A microcapsule liquid crystal display device comprising at least two flexible conductive layers, and a microcapsule mixed layer sandwiched between the at least two flexible conductive layers, at least one of the at least two flexible conductive layers being a transparent flexible conductive layer, when the at least two flexible conductive layers are both transparent flexible conductive layers, then any one of the flexible conductive layers is provided with a light absorbing layer at one side close to the microcapsule mixing layer, when only one flexible conductive layer is a transparent flexible conductive layer, wherein the non-transparent flexible conductive layer is provided with a light absorbing layer at one side close to the microcapsule mixing layer, the microcapsule mixing layer is composed of liquid crystal microcapsules and a binder for binding the liquid crystal microcapsules, characterized in that the liquid crystal microcapsule is wrapped with a cholesteric liquid crystal material comprising one or more compounds selected from formula I:
Figure FDA0003510635640000011
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
R1and R2Each independently represents-H, -F, a linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, -O (CH)2)pO(CH2)qCH3、
Figure FDA0003510635640000012
Figure FDA0003510635640000013
wherein-H, one or more of said linear or branched alkyl or alkoxy and said linear or branched alkenyl or alkenyloxy, may be substituted by-F;
Z1and Z2Each independentlyRepresents a single bond, -CO-O-, -O-CO-, -CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CH2CH2-, -CH ═ CH-or-C ≡ C-;
L1and L2Each independently represents-F, -Cl, -CN or-NCS;
ring (C)
Figure FDA0003510635640000014
And ring
Figure FDA0003510635640000015
Each independently represent
Figure FDA0003510635640000016
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0003510635640000017
one or more-CH2-can be replaced by-O-,
Figure FDA0003510635640000018
wherein one or more-H may be substituted by halogen;
n1 represents 1, 2 or 3, and when n1 is 2 or 3, the ring
Figure FDA0003510635640000019
May be the same or different, Z1May be the same or different;
n2 represents 0 or 1;
p represents an integer of 1 to 12;
q represents an integer of 0 to 12;
the compound of the general formula I accounts for 20-100% of the total weight of the cholesteric liquid crystal material;
the particle size of the liquid crystal microcapsule is 0.11-50 μm;
the shell material of the liquid crystal microcapsule is thermoplastic resin.
2. A microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as defined by claim 1 wherein the compound of formula i is selected from the group consisting of:
Figure FDA0003510635640000021
Figure FDA0003510635640000031
and
Figure FDA0003510635640000032
3. the microcapsule liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein at least a part of an outermost layer of the microcapsule liquid crystal display device may be provided with an insulating layer.
4. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the light absorbing layer absorbs light in a visible light range, and is provided separately from the adjacent flexible conductive layer, or is provided by combining the light absorbing layer and the adjacent flexible conductive layer into one layer.
5. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the reflection wavelength of the liquid crystal microcapsule is between 400-650nm, and the liquid crystal microcapsule may be composed of liquid crystal microcapsules having a single reflection wavelength or a mixture of liquid crystal microcapsules having different reflection wavelengths.
6. The microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the liquid crystal microcapsules are fabricated by thermally induced phase separation, polymerization phase separation, lyotropic phase separation or emulsion dispersion.
7. A microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the binder comprises a gel material and/or a polymerizable material.
8. The microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 7, wherein the gel material is one or more selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl alcohol, polyurethane, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, protein gel, and polyvinyl acetate.
9. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device according to claim 7, wherein the polymerizable material is polymerized by light or heat from a single polymerizable material, or polymerized by light or heat from a polymerizable material and an initiator, or polymerized by light or heat from a polymerizable material, an initiator, and an auxiliary.
10. A microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 9 wherein the polymerizable material consists of an acrylate system or a modified acrylate system or the polymerizable material consists of a vinyl ether system or the polymerizable material consists of an epoxy system.
11. The microcapsule liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the liquid crystal microcapsule to the binder in the microcapsule mixed layer is 2:8 to 8: 2.
12. The microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein the liquid crystal microcapsules can further incorporate a dye.
13. The microencapsulated liquid crystal display device as claimed in claim 1 wherein one or more layers of the liquid crystal display device can be made by screw printing, squeegee printing, screen printing.
14. Use of a liquid crystal display device as claimed in any of claims 1 to 13 for the manufacture of electronic paper.
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