CN109991372A - Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment - Google Patents
Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109991372A CN109991372A CN201910233717.3A CN201910233717A CN109991372A CN 109991372 A CN109991372 A CN 109991372A CN 201910233717 A CN201910233717 A CN 201910233717A CN 109991372 A CN109991372 A CN 109991372A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- test
- calibrating
- carries out
- examined
- findings
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/17—Systems in which incident light is modified in accordance with the properties of the material investigated
- G01N21/25—Colour; Spectral properties, i.e. comparison of effect of material on the light at two or more different wavelengths or wavelength bands
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/75—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated
- G01N21/77—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator
- G01N21/78—Systems in which material is subjected to a chemical reaction, the progress or the result of the reaction being investigated by observing the effect on a chemical indicator producing a change of colour
- G01N21/80—Indicating pH value
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0001—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00 by organoleptic means
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment; the calibration method is first respectively tested unknown solid or unclarified liquid using combustibility, oxidisability, corrosivity, water solubility, water reaction, to judge the compromising feature of unknown solid or unclarified liquid；Further according to tagsort, unknown solid testing process is carried out to unknown solid, unclarified liquid testing process is carried out to unclarified liquid, completes classification calibrating operation；The equipment is the small and exquisite portable cabinet based on the design of above-mentioned calibration method.Compared with prior art, the present invention have (1) equipment it is small and exquisite it is portable, flexibility is high.(2) method does not require the purity of sample；(3) rapid verification；(4) Costco Wholesale is low；(5) practicality andreliabiliry is high, and dangerous goods can be carried out with quick classification processing, practicability, strongly professional；Training of the those of ordinary skill by profession can be familiar with using；(6) it is suitble to scene emergency, field assay.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to detection technique field, especially a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and set
It is standby, it can be used for fire-fighting/special duty/public security/customs department, carry out live emergency, accident, leakage and the inspection of unknown harmful influence case
It looks into；Can also be used for safety supervision department, carry out chemical plant safety detection；It can also be used for environmental protection administration, carry out the processing of dangerous waste product
It checks.
Background technique
Harmful influence, that is, hazardous chemical refers to characteristics such as inflammable, explosive, toxic, harmful and radioactivity, fills in transport
Unload and store the chemical substance for easily causing casualties and property damage in management process and needing special protection.
Dangerous waste product, that is, hazardous waste refer to and are included in National Hazard waste register or are identified according to the hazardous waste of national regulation
The waste with hazard property of standard and discrimination method identification.
The mode for coping with harmful influence, dangerous waste product on the market at present, mainly uses following several equipment:
(1) medium-sized and small handheld spectrometer, such as: FTIR (fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), Raman Spectra
(Raman spectrum) and ATR UV-Vis (ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer).
(2) large-scale experiment room equipment, such as: it can be to the technology that all chemicals are accurately detected and classified only
Have: Mass Spectroscopy (mass spectrography) and Gas Chromatography (gas chromatography).
There is some shortcomingss for above equipment.
For medium-sized and small handheld spectrometer, firstly, the technology of various spectrum analyses can only all identify a part
Chemicals, fubaritic ionic bond compound mixture, secondly, being difficult accurate, vertical at the scene under the premise of chemicals is unknown
Start to detect；Along with spectrum analysis needs the chemical example of high-purity, and the major partization encountered in scene of actually meeting an urgent need
Product are mixture, can not be detected at all under the premise of unpurified.
To using for the large-scale experiment rooms equipment such as mass spectrography and gas chromatography, although accuracy rate is high, technology maturation,
Be scene can not be taken to be used for quickly detecting, and large-scale experiment room equipment purchase it is high with use cost, for only needing
Whether identification has for the field operation demand of risk, send to laboratory and carries out the identification of short then a few hours, long then several weeks,
It has little significance.
Summary of the invention
In order to which the one or more for solving mentioned above is insufficient, the invention proposes a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization dangerous waste product
Calibration method of classifying and equipment.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of integration dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method, dangerization dangerous waste product sample includes unknown solid or unknown liquid
Body, using classification exclusive method: O1, respectively to unknown solid or unclarified liquid using combustibility, oxidisability, corrosivity, water solubility,
Water reaction is tested, to judge the compromising feature of unknown solid or unclarified liquid；Further according to tagsort, to unknown solid
Unknown solid testing process is carried out, unclarified liquid testing process is carried out to unclarified liquid；Unknown solid testing process, unclarified liquid
Testing process includes:
O2 carries out characterization test for directly pointing out calibrating conclusion；
O3 divides into organic matter or inorganic matter, then carries out O4, O5, O6, O7 respectively；
O4 is tested for organic matter using water-soluble test, viscosity test, flammable test, smog analysis and Iod R
At least one of tested, thus calibrating whether contain carbon skeleton；
O5 uses water-soluble test, viscosity test, Iod R test, smog analysis and characterization test for organic matter, from
And examine and determine its functional group；
O6, for inorganic matter using cation test one, cation test two, cation test three, cation test four,
Cation test five, to examine and determine cation；
O7 is tested for inorganic matter using anion, to examine and determine anion.
Further, specifically, unknown solid testing process includes:
S1 observes character: such as there is dieseling, examine and determine as white phosphorus；Such as there is crystallization in the open edge of container, carries out
S3；Such as there is fiber, smolder or reactionless, carries out S2；
S2, oxidant test and sour reaction test: positive findings are simultaneously then examined and determine with orange-yellow cigarette as nitride, the positive
As a result S5 is then carried out without orange-yellow cigarette；Negative findings simultaneously have rotten-egg odour, then calibrating is sulfide；Negative findings are simultaneously
With effervescence, then S6 is carried out, negative findings simultaneously have strong boiling reaction, then carry out S7；It is reactionless, carry out S8；
S3, peroxide test, positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous solid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out S4；
S4, picric acid test, positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous solid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out S2；
S5, pH test: pH < 2 and sample then carry out S9 with orange-yellow；PH is 2-13, then carries out S10；PH is 14
And sample with orange-yellow, then calibrating is sodium peroxide；
S6, gas flammability test: having black snowflake piece in positive findings and flue gas, then calibrating is calcium carbide；It is positive
As a result and flue gas is interior without black snowflake piece, then carries out water response analysis；Negative findings and test tube discoloration, then carry out S7；Yin
Property result and test tube cool off, then calibrating be carbonate；Negative findings and have metal appearance shape, then calibrating be metal；
S7, pH test: if pH is 0 and burns black potassium iodide test paper, then calibrating is phosphorus pentoxide；As pH is 0 but is burnt black
Potassium iodide test paper, then calibrating is alchlor；If pH is 13, then S11 is carried out；
S8, water solubility test: dissolution then carries out S12；It is floating then carry out S13；It is heavy then carry out S14；It is reactionless then to return to S2；
S9, chromium test: positive findings are then examined and determine as chromium trioxide；Negative structural then carries out S15；
S10, every sky oxidation test: positive findings and sample have Summoning color, then are manganese dioxide；Positive findings but
Without Summoning color, then S21 is carried out；Negative findings and sample are with white or colourless, then calibrating is oxide；Feminine gender knot
Fruit and have color other than white, then carry out S15；
S11, cation test one: pink colour is then examined and determine as pure potassium；Yellow is then examined and determine as pure sodium；Red then calibrating is pure lithium；
S12, pH test: pH is that 0-2 then carries out anion test, cation test；PH is that 3-7 then carries out S16；PH is 8-
14 carry out S17；
S13, addition A2 simultaneously rock: floating then carry out S18；It is heavy then carry out S14；
The molten test of alcohol: there is gelatin phenomenon and then carries out S19 in S14；There is emulsion and pH < 5 then carries out pesticide survey
Examination, pesticide test are that positive then calibrating is pesticide；There is emulsion and pH is 7, then carries out S20；It is reactionless, it carries out
S26；
S15, cation test two: it is green then be chromic salts；Purple then manganese salt；Yellow is then iron chloride；Sea blue color is then copper
Salt；
S16, Thermal test: negative findings and spuming in water, then calibrating is detergent；Then calibrating is explosive for explosion；
It burns carbonization and then carries out S22；Not all distillations are not burnt in fusing, then carry out S23；It distils and gaseous combustible, then calibrating is
It is a kind of comprising the organic matter including phenol；It distils and gas is non-combustible, then calibrating is ammonium ion；There is oxidative yellow in spontaneous combustion
Cigarette, then carry out perchlorate test, and perchlorate test positive findings are then examined and determine as ammonium perchlorate；The negative knot of perchlorate test
It is that nitrate including ammonium nitrate is a kind of that fruit, which is then examined and determine,；
S17, cyanide test: positive findings are then examined and determine as cyanide；Negative findings and pH > 13 then carries out S24；
S18, Thermal test: then calibrating is wax for distillation；Tarry is then examined and determine as plastics；Firing carbon ash is then examined and determine as plant fibre
Dimension；Reactionless then calibrating is foam；
S19, starch test: positive findings are then examined and determine as flour；Negative findings then carry out Thermal test；
S20, copper firewire (also crying Baeyer Shi Taiyin [Germany]) test: forming glassy then calibrating is boric acid；Have strong anti-
It answers and emits white cigarette and then examine and determine as benzoyl peroxide；It distils and be that yellow then examines and determine is sulphur；It is reactionless, carry out pesticide survey
Examination, pesticide test are that positive then calibrating is pesticide；
S21, Thermal test: then calibrating is hypochlorite for fusing, and not changing then calibrating is chlorated fulminuric acid；
S22, sugar test: positive findings then carry out arsenic test, and arsenic test positive findings are then object containing arsenic, the negative knot of arsenic test
Fruit is then sugar；Negative findings, pH are 8-12 and liquid blistering is then soap or carbonate；Negative findings, pH be 8-12 still
Not blistering liquid is then unknown organic substance；
S23, pH > 11 carries out Thermal test: positive findings then carry out urea test, and urea test positive findings, which are then examined and determine, is
Urea, negative findings are then examined and determine as ammonium ion；Negative findings are simultaneously then examined and determine with purple cigarette as iodide ion；Negative findings are simultaneously formed
Quoit then carries out arsenic test, and the positive then calibrating of arsenic test is object containing arsenic；
S24, cation test one: red then calibrating is lithium hydroxide；Pink colour is then examined and determine as potassium hydroxide；Yellow is then examined and determine
For sodium hydroxide；
S25, Thermal test: firing charcoal ash are then examined and determine as starch；Red rainfall then carries out S25-1 after distillation；For example tarry
Sugared test is then carried out, sugar test positive findings are then examined and determine as carbohydrate；If reactionless according to its be metal sample or nonmetallic sample
This carries out iron test or S26 respectively, and it is iron that iron test positive findings, which are then examined and determine, and iron test negative findings are then examined and determine to be closed for metal
Gold；Calibrating is lead if melting and being metal sample；Calibrating is alkali metal if melting and being nonmetallic sample；As occurred
Then calibrating is explosive for explosion；
S25-1 is that Thermal test moderate heat is tested as a result, examining and determine if fire test is blue fire is sulphur, if fire test is flammable
It is red phosphorus if red emits white cigarette for the short chain organic substance of nonpolarity, as non-ignitable, carries out S25-2；
S25-2, the pH observed result in Thermal test: calibrating is chlorine or hydride if pH < 1；It is carried out if pH is 2-10
Arsenic test, arsenic test are that anode result is then examined and determine as object containing arsenic；Arsenic test is that negative findings then carry out cationic test；Such as pH >
11 calibratings are ammonium ion；
S26, calcium test: negative findings then add hydrochloric acid, are hardened after addition hydrochloric acid and become fragile and occur crystal then to examine and determine to be two
Silica, add hydrochloric acid after be hardened become fragile and occur fiber then examine and determine be glass fibre；Positive findings then carry out S27；
S27, pH test: pH is that 7-9 then carries out sulfuric acid test, and sulfuric acid is tested positive findings and then examined and determine as calcium sulfate, sulphur
Acid test negative findings are then examined and determine as talcum powder；PH > 9 then examines and determine as lime；It is calcium hydroxide or water that pH, which is that 12-13 then examines and determine,
Mud；
Unclarified liquid testing process includes:
A1 observes character: such as there is crystallization in the open edge of container, then carries out S2；Such as quickly volatilization or reactionless, then
Carry out A3；If being obviously paint, then paint test and fire test are carried out；
A2, peroxide test: positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous liquid that rubs；Rigid result then enters S4；
A3, oxidisability and sour reaction test: positive findings then carry out A5；Negative findings simultaneously have kickback, then carry out
A6；Negative findings simultaneously have rotten egg smell, then calibrating is sulfide；Negative findings simultaneously emit white cigarette and then carry out A7；Negative findings
And A8 is then carried out with white sediment；Negative findings simultaneously have effervescence, then calibrating is carbonated water and carries out A9；It is reactionless then
Carry out A9；
A4, picric acid test: positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous liquid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out A3；
A5, water solubility test: heavy then calibrating is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide；It is floating then carry out A10；Dissolution then carries out A11；
A6, pH test: pH < 2 is then examined and determine as concentrated acid and is carried out anion test；PH is 14 and carries out A12；
A7, the test of combustion property: it is inflammable, hydrazine test is carried out, it is amine that hydrazine test, which emits tobacco, which then examines and determine, and hydrazine test is flammable, examines and determine
For hydrazine；Non-ignitable then calibrating is ammonium hydroxide；
A8, cadmium test: orange then calibrating is mercury；Yellow is then examined and determine as lead；Faint yellow then calibrating is silver；Pink colour then carries out
A9；
A9, water-soluble and water reaction test: emulsification then carries out A13；It is floating then carry out A14；Dissolution then carries out A15；Scrolling is then
Calibrating is polyethylene, polystyrene or polyurethane plastics；It is heavy then carry out A16；
A10, peroxide test: positive findings then carry out A17；Negative findings then observe sample of color, according to sample face
Whether color is whether bright-colored combination is inflammable, is examined and determine as organic nitrogen compound or organic oxide；
A11, pH test: pH is that 0-3 then carries out A18；PH is that 8-10 then carries out A19, and pH is 4-7 and colourless, is carried out
A20, pH are 4-7 and then prompt for engine coolant with fluorescence and do alcohol test；PH is 4-7 and has bright-colored then
Carry out A21；
A12, cation test one, calibrating is lithium hydroxide if red and suspend；It is examined and determine if red has no suspension and is
Calcium hydroxide；Calibrating is potassium hydroxide if purple；Calibrating is sodium hydroxide if yellow；
A13 first carries out pesticide test one, then carries out pesticide test two, and meeting then calibrating is pesticide；
A14, the test of combustion property: it is inflammable, A22 is carried out, flammable and high viscosity then carries out A23；Flammable and medium viscosity then into
The test of row Iod R, it is diesel oil that Iod R test, which be that brown then examines and determine, and it be that purple then examines and determine is kerosene, Iod R that Iod R, which is tested,
Test is that red then calibrating is benzene homologues；
A15, pH test: pH is that 0-2 then examine and determine and is sour and does anion test；PH is that 3-7 then carries out A24；PH is 8-13
Then carry out cyanogen test, it is cyanide that cyanogen test, which be that positive findings then examine and determines, and cyanogen, which is tested, then carries out A24 for negative findings；PH is 14
Cation test one is then carried out, it is then potassium hydroxide that cation test one, which is lavender, and it is then hydrogen that cation test one, which is purple,
Sodium oxide molybdena；
A16, the test of copper firewire: negative findings then carry out A25；Positive findings and with high viscosity then examine and determine be paint stripper,
Positive findings then carry out A26 without high viscosity；
A17, fire test: extremely inflammable then calibrating is ether；It is inflammable, whether it is bright-colored in conjunction with sample of color, examines and determine and be
Organic nitrogen compound or organic oxide；
A18, nitric acid test: it is nitric acid that positive findings, which are then examined and determine, and negative findings are then examined and determine as comprising the oxidation including chromic acid
Acid；
A19, oxidizing gas test: positive findings are then bleaching agent；Negative findings then carry out A20；
A20, peroxide test: peroxide test positive findings are then examined and determine as hydrogen peroxide；Peroxide test yin
Property result then examine and determine as oxide；
A21, cation test two, blue then calibrating are mantoquita；Purple is then examined and determine as manganese salt；Green then calibrating is chromic salts；
A22, Iod R test: brown is then examined and determine as gasoline；Purple is then examined and determine as short chain hydrocarbons；It is red then examine and determine
It is object turpentine oil for pump；Coppery then carries out ketone test, and red ketone test is methyl ethyl ketone；Ketone test yellow is then examined and determine as acetic acid
Salt ether；
A23, ketone test: positive findings are then examined and determine as acetate ether；Negative findings then carry out A27；
A24, the test of combustion property: inflammable and pH is that 4-8 then carries out A28；It is organic amino that inflammable and pH, which is that 10-14 then examines and determine,
Solvent, amine or hydrazine；Result other than inflammable then carries out A29；
A25, combustion property test: it is inflammable and with blue flame then examine and determine be carbon disulfide；Non-ignitable, prompting for danger has
Severe toxicity: aniline, lead tetraethide, organic metal, mercaptides or dimethyl acetic acid ester；
A26, the test of combustion property: inflammable and not viscous then calibrating is chlorobenzene；It is red that non-ignitable, medium viscosity and Iod R, which are tested,
Color, then calibrating is Polychlorinated biphenyls；It is purple that non-ignitable, low viscosity and Iod R, which are tested, then calibrating is perchloroethylene or trichlorine
Ethylene；It is pink colour that non-ignitable, low viscosity and Iod R, which are tested, then calibrating is freon, carbon tetrachloride, methylene chloride or three chloromethanes
Alkane；
A27, the test of copper firewire: it is organic matter that negative findings and low viscosity, which then examine and determines,；Negative findings and high viscosity is then
Carry out oils analysis, it is mineral oil that oils analysis, which be that oil liquid then examines and determine, and it be that ointment then examines and determine is edible oil or animal that oils, which is analyzed,
Oil；It is then Polychlorinated biphenyls that positive findings and Iod R test, which are red,；Positive findings and Iod R are tested for red then
Calibrating is chlorinated oil；
A28, ketone test: positive findings are then examined and determine as acetone or tetrahydrofuran；Negative findings then carry out alcohol test, alcohol test
Then examining and determine for negative findings is nitrile, and it is methanol, ethyl alcohol or propyl alcohol that alcohol test, which is that positive findings then examine and determine,；
Thermal test: there is foam and then carries out A30 in A29 in water-soluble test；In sample evaporation process, steam can not be lighted then
Residue observe and result selection carries out sugared test, arsenic test according to the observation；Steam can be lighted, and carry out alcohol test, glue
Degree test and color observation；Steam is odorous, carries out smell analysis test.
It is further to improve are as follows: combustibility, oxidisability, erosion test first to be carried out to sample, if sample calibrating is to have
Explosive characteristic and chance water characteristics of ignition process will no longer carry out unknown solid testing process and unclarified liquid testing process；Otherwise continue into
Row is water-soluble, water reacts, and then carries out unknown solid testing process and unclarified liquid testing process.
It is further to improve are as follows: safe wearing protective articles during the test.
The present invention also provides a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization danger waste classifying calibration equipments, including with sealing and shading
The cabinet of function, the inside of cabinet are equipped with calibration method browsing carrier, calibrating reagent, calibrating laboratory apparatus and security protection
Articles, wherein calibration method browses carrier: being shown using paper media's mode or electronical display mode as claim 1-4 is any
Identification method described in；Calibrating reagent, including testing used reagent as described in claim any one of 1-4；Calibrating
With laboratory apparatus: including test tube, tweezers, spoon, flame gun, surface plate, disposable dropper, pH test paper, magnet, potassium iodide examination
Paper, cellulose paper；Security protection articles: including safety goggles, gloves, gas mask.
It is further to improve are as follows: the outside of cabinet is equipped with handle, and cabinet includes case lid and box main body, and case lid is with box main body
Articulated manner connection, calibration method browsing carrier are located at the inside of case lid；Calibrating reagent, calibrating laboratory apparatus and safety are anti-
Shield articles are located in box main body.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
(1) equipment is small and exquisite, Eleabir rigby, can be convenient and is carried to live utilization；Flexibility is high.
(2) this method does not require the purity of sample；
(3) using classification exclusive method, all compromising features of classification, completionization in 10 minutes rapid verification: are measured in 90 seconds
Product detailed analysis, compared to being sent to 5 to the 7 work sunrise of Fudan University in Shanghai laboratory testing as a result, odds for effectiveness is obvious；
(4) price advantage: be averaged $20-$30 using consumables every time, is examined compared to Fudan University in Shanghai laboratory is sent to
A Yang Ben $6500 is surveyed, calibrating cost can be greatly lowered；
(5) practicality andreliabiliry is high: for the actual field with unclarified liquid, solid, it is only necessary to which energy Classification and Identification is not
What prescribed liquid or solid be or can at least identify the risk feature of the unknown object；Method of the invention and
Equipment can carry out quick classification processing to dangerous goods, practicability, strongly professional；Training of the those of ordinary skill by profession
Instruction can be familiar with using；
(6) it is suitble to scene emergency, field assay.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the total policy map of calibration method provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is unknown solid overhaul flow chart provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 is unclarified liquid overhaul flow chart provided by the invention.
Fig. 4 is the analysis flow chart diagram of oxidisability test.
Fig. 5 is the analysis flow chart diagram of water reaction test.
Fig. 6 is the analysis flow chart diagram of water-soluble test.
Fig. 7 is the analysis flow chart diagram of flammable test.
Fig. 8 is the analysis flow chart diagram of Thermal test.
Fig. 9 is the analysis flow chart diagram of organic matter.
Figure 10 is analysis flow chart diagram, cationic test flow chart and the anion test flow chart of inorganic matter.
Specific embodiment
In order to illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or in the prior art more clearly, with reference to the accompanying drawing and specifically
The present invention is further described for embodiment.
For purposes of the invention, described in the Summary other than calibration method (Fig. 1-3), further include have it is a large amount of
Test reaction and working principle will be stated to read more intuitive smoothness inside Figure of description 4-10.Here,
Only in Fig. 1,8,9,10 some operating instructions or points for attention carry out text elaboration.
Fig. 1
Points for attention:
Fire: flammable；Oxygen: oxidisability；It is molten: water-soluble；Water: water reaction, acid: corrosivity.
For most of unknown article, these tests, which are all done, can tell you harmful influence feature, know to endanger
It is dangerous.Then it if there is the demand for continuing to analyze, just walks, has according to unknown solid testing process, unclarified liquid testing process
A little test results will point to do on unknown solid testing process, unclarified liquid testing process characterization test, and (for example alcohol is surveyed
Examination).Some tests are not reacted, then unknown solid testing process, unclarified liquid testing process can be directed toward Thermal test.Thermal test
Calibrating conclusion may be directly pointed out, if Thermal test can further be analyzed by organic/inorganic object without direct conclusion.
Wherein, characterization test can detect that the substance containing following component:
Heavy metal classes (toxic contaminants)
Barium (Ba), cadmium (Cd), antimony (Sb), cobalt (Co), lead (Pb), mercury (Hg), manganese (Mn), chromium (Cr), silver-colored (Ag)
Common elements (cationic)
Aluminium (Al), tin (Sn), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), titanium (Ti), gold (Au), calcium (Ca), boron (B), sodium (Na), potassium (K)
Halide (anionic species)
Chloride (Cl-), fluoride (F-), bromide (Br-), iodide (I-), phosphate radical (PO43-), phosphide
(P3-), sulfate radical (SO42-), sulfide (S2-), sulphite (SO32-)
Oxidation, corrosion class
Ammonia (NH3), aminate (R2-N-), chromic acid (H2CrO4), nitric acid (HNO3), peroxide (R-O-O-R), peroxide
Change benzoyl (BPO), perchloric acid (ClO4-), picric acid (TNP)
Inflammable class
Alcohol (- OH), ketone (RC (=O) R), hydrazine (N2H4), turpentine oil
Toxicity class
Cyanide (C ≡ N), thiocyanic acid ([SCN] -), benzene (BTEX), pesticide (O=P (OR) 3), arsenic (As), urea (CO
(NH2)2)
Other classes
Starch (starch), sugared (sugar), paint (paints), water (H2O), freon (CFC), oils
Fig. 8
Points for attention:
Carefully should not test tube mouth against others.It deliberately not go to hear the gas discharged in test tube.
Quickly, operator needs to practice for the evaporation of some substances, boiling, variation, holds control degree of heat.
It is quick-fried that organic substance may all be ignited sudden strain of a muscle.There are many reactions to write down with regard to each.
Operating instruction:
Add the sample of 0.5cm into test tube.Prepare the pH test paper bedewed with water reagent.
Prepare the potassium iodide paper bedewed with acid reagent.
Test tube bottom is put into and observes variation in flame projector flare.
If seeing has gas to discharge from sample, at once by ready pH test paper and potassium iodide starch paper (in order)
Put test tube test gas suitable for reading into.
Test paper is placed on one side (not put into test tube) after test gas.
Test tube mouth is put into the gas for attempting to light sample release in flare, observation reaction.
Test tube bottom burn away until teat glass is crumpled, wait it is cooling after observed result.
Observe item
1. explosion is that test tube glass jumps broken, strong scintillation outside test tube.
2. it is zinc that metal softening, which is not melted,.Look for anion.
3. white shell, which no longer changes, is most likely to be calcium.
4. red when heat do not have other variations to may be carbon, continue to do cation test -2.
5. gold, silver and bronze: metal dots, item and gloss.Slicker solder bismuth: metal block.Summoning circle is in test tube radius: arsenic.Quoit
Slowly form pearl: mercury.Test tube all-metal combustion gas is flammable: carbonyl iron.
7. gaseous combustible, the blue side of orange fire: glyphosate.
9. spontaneous combustion is that flare will not hit on the gas of release, heating is just caught fire.Purplish red colo(u)r atlas: red phosphorus.Grey black tinctorial pattern
This possible gunpowder, thermite.It is ammonium dichromate that orange sample, which burns green,.
11. carbonization, radius have black circle after first having white shell: chlorocyanurate.Test tube mouth open fire, interior liquid metals: Azide
Sodium (meets water spontaneous combustion).Black and white residual: organosilicon.
12. powder and grain are oxide, silicate or carbonate.Metal sample: alloy does cationic test.
13. when heating distillation phenomenon test tube it is low be solid sample, it is suitable for reading be that gas, middle part flow down liquid.
14. flammable liquid is substantially organic mixture.Liquid heating is dimmed: can evaporate containing three functional groups, transparent cigarette
Mist contains five above functions groups containing four functional groups, coking.
20. heating spontaneous combustion (flare mustn't be contacted): Lan Huo: stannic chloride.Orange fire, test tube are gold-plated: carbonyl iron.It is Huang Huo, white
Cigarette, black sonw flower dust: siloxanes.
21. sample is aqueous, may be pure water.Iod R test can be done to compare.Organohalogen compounds may also be contained.It can be with
Do the test of copper firewire.Some soaps can go out foam and coking.
Fig. 9
Points for attention:
It is obvious to organic liquid and hydrocarbon reaction to test this test of organic liquid
Iod R discoloration reference standard: purple: hexane；It is red: dimethylbenzene；It is orange: methanol
Test operation
Add the sample of 0.25cm into test tube plus (G2), a jog
Test tube bottle, which is touched, with finger feels temperature difference observation variation
Add 2cm water reagent, jog observation variation
(water flavescence) sample discoloration after water is added to observe
Figure 10
Points for attention:
This test is without sequence.It is most accurate to there is multiple result.
It is high to test one and two accuracys rate.Two require an independent new test tube to no test
Cation test one
One small scoop sample is originally directly put into flame projector flare
Observe color change and time of occurrence length
Cation test two
0.5cm (D3) is put into sky test tube
Add a small scoop sample sheet
It puts into flame projector flare and burns, burns teat glass deformation
Being placed on cooling, test tube on one side may burst
Observe final color
Cation test three
One small spoon or 5 drop samples are put into test tube
Add 0.5cm water reagent
Add 0.25cm (A3)
Observe color change
Cation test four
One small spoon or 5 drop samples are put into test tube
Add 0.5cm water reagent
Add 0.25cm (D2)
Observe color change
Cation test five
One small spoon or 5 drop samples are put into test tube
Add 0.5cm water reagent
Add 0.25cm (G6)
Observe color change
Embodiment 1- embodiment 5 will carry out classification calibrating to 4 samples.
Embodiment 1
Safe wearing protective articles.
As shown in Figure 1, first combustibility, oxidisability, erosion test are carried out to sample, if sample calibrating is inflammable and explosive
Donuts have strong oxidizing property or strong corrosive, then are directly judged as dangerous material, no longer carry out unknown solid testing process and not
Prescribed liquid testing process.This product can be quickly found out explosive and meet water hazard of catch fire product.But not to both dangerous material
More analyzed because first couple of user may cause it is dangerous, second continue to analyze explosive in true operation emergency
Have little significance.
If sample calibrating will no longer carry out unknown solid testing process and not to have explosive characteristic and meeting water characteristics of ignition process
Prescribed liquid testing process；Otherwise continue water-soluble, water reaction, then carry out unknown solid testing process and unclarified liquid inspection
Flow gauge.
Above-mentioned combustibility, oxidisability, the time-consuming of erosion test are usually within 90 seconds, and response quickly is efficient.
Embodiment 2
On the basis of embodiment 1, sample 1 is carried out continuing to examine and determine, as shown in Figure 3.It is surveyed involved in the following steps
Fig. 4-10 is shown in examination reaction, and details are not described herein again.
A1, observe character: sample 1 is unknown transparency liquid, is not glued；And it was found that volatilization is quickly, prompts to be possible to potential
Dangerous gas -- it is 15 seconds time-consuming.
A3, oxidisability and sour reaction test: reactionless, discharge oxidisability is dangerous -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
A9, water-soluble and water reaction test: keeping afloat, and it is dangerous to exclude chance water reaction chance water -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
A14, combustion property test: inflammable -- it is 30 seconds time-consuming；
A22, Iod R test: brown is examined and determine as gasoline -- and it is 60 seconds time-consuming.
So far, can examine and determine sample 1 is gasoline；Sample 1 is actually: gasoline.The two is consistent.
Embodiment 3
On the basis of embodiment 1, sample 2 is carried out continuing to examine and determine, as shown in Figure 3.It is surveyed involved in the following steps
Fig. 4-10 is shown in examination reaction, and details are not described herein again.
A1, observe character: sample 1 is unknown transparency liquid, is not glued -- it is 15 seconds time-consuming.
A3, oxidisability and sour reaction test:, reactionless, discharge oxidisability is dangerous -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
A9, water-soluble and water reaction test: dissolution, it is dangerous that water is met in exclusion chance water reaction -- time-consuming 30 seconds.
A15, pH test: it is dangerous to exclude corrosivity by pH 7 -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
A24, the test of combustion property: inflammable and pH is 7-- 30 seconds time-consuming.
A28, ketone test: negative findings carry out alcohol test.Alcohol test be positive findings then examine and determine be methanol, ethyl alcohol or
Propyl alcohol -- it is 120 seconds time-consuming.
So far, methanol, ethyl alcohol or propyl alcohol can be determined that it is.Sample 1 is actually strong, colourless liquor distilled from sorghum white wine (ethyl alcohol).Due to
The demand of actual field, only identification exclude basic risk, therefore no longer carry out to methanol, ethyl alcohol or propyl alcohol further
Identification.It is examined and determine if it is desired, then sending to laboratory.
Embodiment 4
On the basis of embodiment 1, sample 3 is carried out continuing to examine and determine, as shown in Figure 2.It is surveyed involved in the following steps
Fig. 4-10 is shown in examination reaction, and details are not described herein again.
S1 observes character: reactionless, white granular, excludes the risk for encountering air spontaneous combustion -- and it is 15 seconds time-consuming.
S2, oxidant test and sour reaction test: it is reactionless, it is dangerous to exclude oxidisability -- it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
S8, water solubility test: dissolution excludes chance water and causes danger -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
S12, pH test: pH 14, alkaline matter -- it is 15 seconds time-consuming.
S17, cyanide test: negative findings and pH are 14, and it is dangerous to exclude the severe toxicity containing cyanogen -- it is 120 seconds time-consuming.
S24, cation test one: flare color (lavender), calibrating contain potassium ion, and prompt may be potassium hydroxide --
100 seconds.
So far, the calibrating of sample 3 is the potassium ion compound including potassium hydroxide, and sample 3 is actually potassium hydroxide
Particle.The two meets.
Embodiment 5
On the basis of embodiment 1, sample 4 is carried out continuing to examine and determine, as shown in Figure 2.It is surveyed involved in the following steps
Fig. 4-10 is shown in examination reaction, and details are not described herein again.
S1 observes character: reactionless, coarse granule shape, excludes the risk for encountering air spontaneous combustion -- and it is 15 seconds time-consuming.
S2, oxidant test and sour reaction test: it is reactionless, it is dangerous to exclude oxidisability -- it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
S8, water solubility test: dissolution occurs chance water and just catches fire, Mao Ziyan, dangerous property -- and it is 30 seconds time-consuming.
So far, it is inflammable can to determine that sample 4 meets water, and releases and may contain the gas being potentially dangerous.In actual field
In have been able to determine sample 4 be dangerous goods, it should make water-proofing treatment in time and properly remove.Sample 4 is actually
Iodine+aluminium raw material of industry.The two is consistent in risk.
By embodiment 1-5 it is recognised that the present invention can (1) rapid verification: rapid verification: using classification exclusive method,
All compromising features of classification are measured in 90 seconds, and chemicals detailed analysis is completed in 10 minutes, it is real compared to Fudan University in Shanghai is sent to
It tests room and detects 5 to 7 work sunrise as a result, odds for effectiveness is obvious；(2) practicality andreliabiliry is high: to unclarified liquid, solid
For actual field, it is only necessary to which what energy Classification and Identification unclarified liquid or solid be or can at least identify the unknown object
Risk feature；The process and apparatus of the present invention can carry out quick classification processing to dangerous goods, practicability, specially
Industry is strong；Training of the those of ordinary skill by profession can be familiar with using.
Embodiment 6
Embodiment 6 provides a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization danger waste classifying calibration equipment, including with sealing and shading function
The outside of the cabinet of energy, cabinet is equipped with handle, is also provided with pulley；Cabinet includes case lid and box main body, case lid and box main body
For articulated manner connection.
It is placed with calibration method browsing carrier on the inside of case lid, paper media's mode is used above or electronical display mode is shown
Identification method as described above can help technical staff's fast browsing, identification calibrating path.
It is placed with calibrating reagent, calibrating laboratory apparatus and security protection articles in box main body, can be placed for layering,
And shading treatment or special encapsulation process are made as needed.Calibrating reagent includes used in test as described above
Reagent, can be dispensed using brown bottle, and mark upper reagent name or number.Calibrating laboratory apparatus includes test tube, tweezer
Son, spoon, flame gun, surface plate, disposable dropper, pH test paper etc.；Security protection articles: including safety goggles, gloves, prevent
Malicious mask etc..Cabinet is U.S. Pelican brand instrument protective housing, can place 50 bottles of reagents in case.
Compared with prior art, invention be also embodied on clear superiority below: (1) equipment is small and exquisite, Eleabir rigby,
It can be convenient and be carried to live utilization；Flexibility is high.(2) this method does not require the purity of sample；(3) price advantage: every
Secondary use consumables are averaged $20-$30 can be substantially compared to one Yang Ben $6500 of Fudan University in Shanghai laboratory testing is sent to
Degree reduces calibrating cost.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of integration dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method, dangerization dangerous waste product sample includes unknown solid or unclarified liquid,
It is characterized in that, using classification exclusive method: O1 uses combustibility, oxidisability, corrosion to unknown solid or unclarified liquid respectively
Property, water solubility, water reaction tested, to judge the compromising feature of unknown solid or unclarified liquid；Further according to tagsort,
Unknown solid testing process is carried out to unknown solid, unclarified liquid testing process is carried out to unclarified liquid；Unknown solid detection stream
Journey, unclarified liquid testing process include:
O2 carries out characterization test for directly pointing out calibrating conclusion；
O3 divides into organic matter or inorganic matter, then carries out O4, O5, O6, O7 respectively；
O4, for organic matter using in water-soluble test, viscosity test, flammable test, smog analysis and Iod R test
At least one is tested, so that whether calibrating contains carbon skeleton；
O5, for organic matter using water-soluble test, viscosity test, Iod R test, smog analysis and characterization test, to examine
Its fixed functional group；
O6, for inorganic matter using cation test one, cation test two, cation test three, cation test four, sun from
Son test five, to examine and determine cation；
O7 is tested for inorganic matter using anion, to examine and determine anion.
The waste classifying calibration method 2. a kind of integrated dangerization according to claim 1 is endangered, which is characterized in that specifically,
Unknown solid testing process includes:
S1 observes character: such as there is dieseling, examine and determine as white phosphorus；Such as there is crystallization in the open edge of container, carries out S3；
Such as there is fiber, smolder or reactionless, carries out S2；
S2, oxidant test and sour reaction test: positive findings are simultaneously then examined and determine with orange-yellow cigarette as nitride, positive findings
S5 is then carried out without orange-yellow cigarette；Negative findings simultaneously have rotten-egg odour, then calibrating is sulfide；Negative findings simultaneously have
Effervescence, then carry out S6, and negative findings simultaneously have strong boiling reaction, then carry out S7；It is reactionless, carry out S8；
S3, peroxide test, positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous solid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out S4；
S4, picric acid test, positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous solid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out S2；
S5, pH test: pH < 2 and sample then carry out S9 with orange-yellow；PH is 2-13, then carries out S10；PH be 14 and
Sample is with orange-yellow, then calibrating is sodium peroxide；
S6, gas flammability test: having black snowflake piece in positive findings and flue gas, then calibrating is calcium carbide；Positive findings
And water response analysis is then carried out without black snowflake piece in flue gas；Negative findings and test tube discoloration, then carry out S7；Feminine gender knot
Fruit and test tube cools off, then calibrating is carbonate；Negative findings and have metal appearance shape, then calibrating be metal；
S7, pH test: if pH is 0 and burns black potassium iodide test paper, then calibrating is phosphorus pentoxide；As pH is 0 but burns black iodate
Potassium test paper, then calibrating is alchlor；If pH is 13, then S11 is carried out；
S8, water solubility test: dissolution then carries out S12；It is floating then carry out S13；It is heavy then carry out S14；It is reactionless then to return to S2；
S9, chromium test: positive findings are then examined and determine as chromium trioxide；Negative structural then carries out S15；
S10, every sky oxidation test: positive findings and sample have Summoning color, then are manganese dioxide；Positive findings but without
There is Summoning color, then carries out S21；Negative findings and sample are with white or colourless, then calibrating is oxide；Negative findings are simultaneously
And have color other than white, then carry out S15；
S11, cation test one: pink colour is then examined and determine as pure potassium；Yellow is then examined and determine as pure sodium；Red then calibrating is pure lithium；
S12, pH test: pH is that 0-2 then carries out anion test, cation test；PH is that 3-7 then carries out S16；PH be 8-14 then
Carry out S17；
S13, addition A2 simultaneously rock: floating then carry out S18；It is heavy then carry out S14；
The molten test of alcohol: there is gelatin phenomenon and then carries out S19 in S14；There is emulsion and pH < 5 then carries out pesticide test, agriculture
Medicine test is that positive then calibrating is pesticide；There is emulsion and pH is 7, then carries out S20；It is reactionless, carry out S26；
S15, cation test two: it is green then be chromic salts；Purple then manganese salt；Yellow is then iron chloride；Sea blue color is then mantoquita；
S16, Thermal test: negative findings and spuming in water, then calibrating is detergent；Then calibrating is explosive for explosion；It burns
Carbonization then carries out S22；Not all distillations are not burnt in fusing, then carry out S23；Distil and gaseous combustible, then calibrating for comprising
Organic matter including phenol is a kind of；It distils and gas is non-combustible, then calibrating is ammonium ion；There is oxidative yellow cigarette in spontaneous combustion,
Perchlorate test is then carried out, perchlorate test positive findings are then examined and determine as ammonium perchlorate；Perchlorate tests negative findings
Then calibrating is that the nitrate including ammonium nitrate is a kind of；
S17, cyanide test: positive findings are then examined and determine as cyanide；Negative findings and pH > 13 then carries out S24；
S18, Thermal test: then calibrating is wax for distillation；Tarry is then examined and determine as plastics；Firing carbon ash is then examined and determine as plant fiber；Nothing
Then calibrating is foam for reaction；
S19, starch test: positive findings are then examined and determine as flour；Negative findings then carry out Thermal test；
S20, the test of copper firewire: forming glassy then calibrating is boric acid；There is kickback and emit white cigarette and then examines and determine as peroxidating
Benzoyl；It distils and be that yellow then examines and determine is sulphur；It is reactionless, pesticide test is carried out, pesticide test is that positive then calibrating is agriculture
Medicine；
S21, Thermal test: then calibrating is hypochlorite for fusing, and not changing then calibrating is chlorated fulminuric acid；
S22, sugar test: positive findings then carry out arsenic test, and arsenic test positive findings are then object containing arsenic, and arsenic tests negative findings then
For sugar；Negative findings, pH are 8-12 and liquid blistering is then soap or carbonate；Negative findings, pH are 8-12 but liquid
Not blistering is then unknown organic substance；
S23, pH > 11 carries out Thermal test: positive findings then carry out urea test, and it is urea that urea test positive findings, which are then examined and determine,
Negative findings are then examined and determine as ammonium ion；Negative findings are simultaneously then examined and determine with purple cigarette as iodide ion；Negative findings simultaneously form metal
Circle then carries out arsenic test, and the positive then calibrating of arsenic test is object containing arsenic；
S24, cation test one: red then calibrating is lithium hydroxide；Pink colour is then examined and determine as potassium hydroxide；Yellow is then examined and determine as hydrogen
Sodium oxide molybdena；
S25, Thermal test: firing charcoal ash are then examined and determine as starch；Red rainfall then carries out S25-1 after distillation；For example tarry then into
Row sugar test, sugar test positive findings are then examined and determine as carbohydrate；If reactionless according to its be metal sample or nonmetallic sample, point
Not carry out iron test or S26, iron test positive findings then examine and determine as iron, and it is metal alloy that iron test negative findings, which then examine and determines,；Such as
It melts and be that metal sample then examines and determine is lead；Calibrating is alkali metal if melting and being nonmetallic sample；Such as explode
Then calibrating is explosive；
S25-1, the test of Thermal test moderate heat as a result, if fire test be blue fire calibrating be sulphur, such as fiery test be flammable, be non-
The short chain organic substance of polarity, is red phosphorus if red emits white cigarette, as non-ignitable, carries out S25-2；
S25-2, the pH observed result in Thermal test: calibrating is chlorine or hydride if pH < 1；Arsenic is carried out if pH is 2-10
Test, arsenic test are that anode result is then examined and determine as object containing arsenic；Arsenic test is that negative findings then carry out cationic test；Such as pH > 11
Then calibrating is ammonium ion；
S26, calcium test: negative findings then add hydrochloric acid, are hardened after addition hydrochloric acid and become fragile and occur crystal then to examine and determine to be titanium dioxide
Silicon, add hydrochloric acid after be hardened become fragile and occur fiber then examine and determine be glass fibre；Positive findings then carry out S27；
S27, pH test: pH is that 7-9 then carries out sulfuric acid test, and sulfuric acid is tested positive findings and then examined and determine as calcium sulfate, sulfuric acid survey
Examination negative findings are then examined and determine as talcum powder；PH > 9 then examines and determine as lime；It is calcium hydroxide or cement that pH, which is that 12-13 then examines and determine,；
Unclarified liquid testing process includes:
A1 observes character: such as there is crystallization in the open edge of container, then carries out S2；Such as quickly volatilization or reactionless, then carry out
A3；If being obviously paint, then paint test and fire test are carried out；
A2, peroxide test: positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous liquid that rubs；Rigid result then enters S4；
A3, oxidisability and sour reaction test: positive findings then carry out A5；Negative findings simultaneously have kickback, then carry out A6；Yin
Property result and have rotten egg smell, then calibrating be sulfide；Negative findings simultaneously emit white cigarette and then carry out A7；Negative findings simultaneously have
White sediment then carries out A8；Negative findings simultaneously have effervescence, then calibrating is carbonated water and carries out A9；It is reactionless, it carries out
A9；
A4, picric acid test: positive findings are then examined and determine as the explosive dangerous liquid that rubs；Negative findings then carry out A3；
A5, water solubility test: heavy then calibrating is methyl ethyl ketone peroxide；It is floating then carry out A10；Dissolution then carries out A11；
A6, pH test: pH < 2 is then examined and determine as concentrated acid and is carried out anion test；PH is 14 and carries out A12；
A7, the test of combustion property: it is inflammable, hydrazine test is carried out, it is amine that hydrazine test, which emits tobacco, which then examines and determine, and it is hydrazine that hydrazine, which tests flammable then calibrating,；
Non-ignitable then calibrating is ammonium hydroxide；
A8, cadmium test: orange then calibrating is mercury；Yellow is then examined and determine as lead；Faint yellow then calibrating is silver；Pink colour then carries out A9；
A9, water-soluble and water reaction test: emulsification then carries out A13；It is floating then carry out A14；Dissolution then carries out A15；Scrolling is then examined and determine
For polyethylene, polystyrene or polyurethane plastics；It is heavy then carry out A16；
A10, peroxide test: positive findings then carry out A17；Negative findings then observe sample of color, are according to sample of color
It is no whether inflammable for bright-colored combination, it examines and determine as organic nitrogen compound or organic oxide；
A11, pH test: pH is that 0-3 then carries out A18；PH is that 8-10 then carries out A19, and pH is 4-7 and colourless, carries out A20,
PH is 4-7 and then prompts for engine coolant with fluorescence and do alcohol test；PH is 4-7 and then carries out with bright-colored
A21；
A12, cation test one, calibrating is lithium hydroxide if red and suspend；Calibrating is hydrogen-oxygen if red has no suspension
Change calcium；Calibrating is potassium hydroxide if purple；Calibrating is sodium hydroxide if yellow；
A13 first carries out pesticide test one, then carries out pesticide test two, and meeting then calibrating is pesticide；
A14, the test of combustion property: it is inflammable, A22 is carried out, flammable and high viscosity then carries out A23；Flammable and medium viscosity then carries out iodine
Reaction test, it is diesel oil that Iod R test, which be that brown then examine and determine, and it be that purple then examines and determine is kerosene that Iod R, which is tested, and Iod R is tested
It is benzene homologues for red then calibrating；
A15, pH test: pH is that 0-2 then examine and determine and is sour and does anion test；PH is that 3-7 then carries out A24；PH be 8-13 then into
The test of row cyanogen, it is cyanide that cyanogen test, which be that positive findings then examine and determines, and cyanogen, which is tested, then carries out A24 for negative findings；PH be 14 into
Row cation test one, it is then potassium hydroxide that cation test one, which is lavender, and it is then hydroxide that cation test one, which is purple,
Sodium；
A16, the test of copper firewire: negative findings then carry out A25；Positive findings are simultaneously then examined and determine with high viscosity as paint stripper, the positive
As a result A26 is then carried out without high viscosity；
A17, fire test: extremely inflammable then calibrating is ether；It is inflammable, it whether is bright-colored in conjunction with sample of color, it is organic for examining and determine
Nitride or organic oxide；
A18, nitric acid test: it is nitric acid that positive findings, which are then examined and determine, and negative findings are then examined and determine as comprising the oxidizing acid including chromic acid；
A19, oxidizing gas test: positive findings are then bleaching agent；Negative findings then carry out A20；
A20, peroxide test: peroxide test positive findings are then examined and determine as hydrogen peroxide；The negative knot of peroxide test
Fruit is then examined and determine as oxide；
A21, cation test two, blue then calibrating are mantoquita；Purple is then examined and determine as manganese salt；Green then calibrating is chromic salts；
A22, Iod R test: brown is then examined and determine as gasoline；Purple is then examined and determine as short chain hydrocarbons；Red then calibrating is pump
It is object turpentine oil；Coppery then carries out ketone test, and red ketone test is methyl ethyl ketone；Ketone test yellow is then examined and determine as acetate
Ether；
A23, ketone test: positive findings are then examined and determine as acetate ether；Negative findings then carry out A27；
A24, the test of combustion property: inflammable and pH is that 4-8 then carries out A28；It is that organic amino is molten that inflammable and pH, which is that 10-14 then examines and determine,
Agent, amine or hydrazine；Result other than inflammable then carries out A29；
A25, combustion property test: it is inflammable and with blue flame then examine and determine be carbon disulfide；Non-ignitable, prompting for danger has severe toxicity:
Aniline, lead tetraethide, organic metal, mercaptides or dimethyl acetic acid ester；
A26, the test of combustion property: inflammable and not viscous then calibrating is chlorobenzene；It is red that non-ignitable, medium viscosity and Iod R, which are tested, then
Calibrating is Polychlorinated biphenyls；It is purple that non-ignitable, low viscosity and Iod R, which are tested, then calibrating is perchloroethylene or trichloro ethylene；
It is pink colour that non-ignitable, low viscosity and Iod R, which are tested, then calibrating is freon, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane or chloroform；
A27, the test of copper firewire: it is organic matter that negative findings and low viscosity, which then examine and determines,；Negative findings and high viscosity then carries out
Oils analysis, it is mineral oil that oils analysis, which be that oil liquid then examines and determine, and it be that ointment then examines and determine is edible oil or animal oil that oils, which is analyzed,；Sun
Property result and Iod R test be red be then Polychlorinated biphenyls；Positive findings and Iod R test are not that red then calibrating is
Chlorinated oil；
A28, ketone test: positive findings are then examined and determine as acetone or tetrahydrofuran；Negative findings then carry out alcohol test, and alcohol test is yin
Property result then examine and determine as nitrile, it is methanol, ethyl alcohol or propyl alcohol that alcohol test, which is that positive findings then examine and determine,；
Thermal test: there is foam and then carries out A30 in A29 in water-soluble test；In sample evaporation process, steam can not be lighted then to residual
It stays object observe and result selection carries out sugared test, arsenic test according to the observation；Steam can be lighted, and carry out alcohol test, viscosity is surveyed
Examination and color observation；Steam is odorous, carries out smell analysis test.
The waste classifying calibration method 3. a kind of integrated dangerization according to claim 2 is endangered, which is characterized in that first to sample
Combustibility, oxidisability, erosion test are carried out, if sample calibrating will be carried out no longer to have explosive characteristic and meeting water characteristics of ignition process
Unknown solid testing process and unclarified liquid testing process；Otherwise continue water-soluble, water reaction, then carry out unknown solid
Testing process and unclarified liquid testing process.
The waste classifying calibration method 4. a kind of integrated dangerization according to claim 1-3 is endangered, which is characterized in that
Safe wearing protective articles during the test.
The waste classifying calibration equipment 5. a kind of small-sized integrated dangerization is endangered, it is special including the cabinet with sealing and shade function
Sign is that the inside of cabinet is equipped with calibration method browsing carrier, calibrating reagent, calibrating laboratory apparatus and security protection and uses
Product, wherein calibration method browses carrier: being shown using paper media's mode or electronical display mode such as any one of claim 1-4
The identification method；Calibrating reagent, including testing used reagent as described in claim any one of 1-4；Calibrating is used
Laboratory apparatus: including test tube, tweezers, spoon, flame gun, surface plate, disposable dropper, pH test paper, magnet, potassium iodide starch paper,
Cellulose paper；Security protection articles: including safety goggles, gloves, gas mask.
The waste classifying calibration equipment 6. the small-sized integrated dangerization of one kind according to claim 5 is endangered, which is characterized in that cabinet
Outside be equipped with handle, cabinet includes case lid and box main body, and case lid is that articulated manner connect with box main body, and calibration method browses load
Body is located at the inside of case lid；Calibrating reagent, calibrating laboratory apparatus and security protection articles are located in box main body.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910233717.3A CN109991372A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910233717.3A CN109991372A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN109991372A true CN109991372A (en) | 2019-07-09 |
Family
ID=67131664
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910233717.3A Pending CN109991372A (en) | 2019-03-26 | 2019-03-26 | Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN109991372A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111239323A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-05 | 湖南瀚洋环保科技有限公司 | Rapid detection method for hazardous waste hazard characteristics |
| CN111815278A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-23 | 南京释加软件科技有限公司 | Hazardous waste operation management system applied to hazardous waste operation unit |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1979000122A1 (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-03-22 | Fospur Ltd | Identification of hazardous nature of unknown materials |
| CN102192924A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | 中华人民共和国上海出入境检验检疫局 | Self-heating test device for flammable solids of dangerous materials |
| US20120038908A1 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2012-02-16 | Chemlmage Corporation | System and Method for Combined Raman and LIBS Detection with Targeting |
| CN104866966A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Chemical active reaction hazard prediction method and system |
| WO2016003524A2 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-01-07 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Explosives detection using optical spectroscopy |
| CN107572718A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-12 | 新奥环保技术有限公司 | A kind of hazardous waste materializing strategy system and method |
-
2019
- 2019-03-26 CN CN201910233717.3A patent/CN109991372A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1979000122A1 (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1979-03-22 | Fospur Ltd | Identification of hazardous nature of unknown materials |
| EP0007348A1 (en) * | 1977-09-01 | 1980-02-06 | Fospur Limited | Identification of hazardous nature of unknown materials |
| US20120038908A1 (en) * | 2007-01-23 | 2012-02-16 | Chemlmage Corporation | System and Method for Combined Raman and LIBS Detection with Targeting |
| CN102192924A (en) * | 2010-03-15 | 2011-09-21 | 中华人民共和国上海出入境检验检疫局 | Self-heating test device for flammable solids of dangerous materials |
| WO2016003524A2 (en) * | 2014-04-17 | 2016-01-07 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Explosives detection using optical spectroscopy |
| CN104866966A (en) * | 2015-05-22 | 2015-08-26 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Chemical active reaction hazard prediction method and system |
| CN107572718A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-01-12 | 新奥环保技术有限公司 | A kind of hazardous waste materializing strategy system and method |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 李广州 等: "《学科教学详解 初中化学》", 31 July 2015 * |
| 辛万香: "《专题点击-高中化学有机化学》", 31 May 2003, 东北师范大学出版社-长春 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111239323A (en) * | 2020-02-13 | 2020-06-05 | 湖南瀚洋环保科技有限公司 | Rapid detection method for hazardous waste hazard characteristics |
| CN111815278A (en) * | 2020-07-08 | 2020-10-23 | 南京释加软件科技有限公司 | Hazardous waste operation management system applied to hazardous waste operation unit |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wang et al. | Sensitive and selective detection of phosgene, diphosgene, and triphosgene by a 3, 4‐diaminonaphthalimide in solutions and the gas phase | |
| Martín-Alberca et al. | Analytical techniques for the analysis of consumer fireworks | |
| Chabaud et al. | Simultaneous colorimetric detection of metallic salts contained in low explosives residue using a microfluidic paper-based analytical device (µPAD) | |
| CN109991372A (en) | Small all-in-one dangerization danger waste classifying calibration method and equipment | |
| US20160084772A1 (en) | Disposable and dispersible explosive detection device and method of simultaneous detection of explosives | |
| US8647451B2 (en) | Nanometric ink for detection of explosives | |
| Dennison et al. | Qualitative colorimetric analysis of a Ir (III)/Eu (III) dyad in the presence of chemical warfare agents and simulants on a paper matrix | |
| Hoffman et al. | Identification of explosive residues in bomb scene investigations | |
| Jenkins | Development of a simplified field method for the determination of TNT is soil | |
| Mizuno et al. | Case Studies on predictability in University chemistry experiment accidents | |
| WO2019175406A1 (en) | Methods and kits for characterizing a sample suspected to have explosive properties | |
| Priester III | Compatibility Testing | |
| Prothero et al. | COMPATIBILITY TESTING | |
| EP0007348A1 (en) | Identification of hazardous nature of unknown materials | |
| Meyers | A systematic approach to the forensic examination of flash powders | |
| Nandhagopal et al. | Occupational hazards and risk exposures in firework industry: a review | |
| Hennebert et al. | A proposal for a test method for assessment of hazard property HP 12 (“Release of an acute toxic gas”) in hazardous waste classification–Experience from 49 waste | |
| Pandey et al. | Implementation of JSA Methodology in Fireworks Manufacturing | |
| Söyleriz | Classification of Chemical Substances and Adverse Effects of Chemical Substances on Human Health | |
| Hoffman et al. | Qualitative spot tests | |
| Goldman | Sampling and Analysis of Air Contaminants:—Methods in the War Industries— | |
| Roberts | Hazardous-waste analysis plan for LLNL operations | |
| Dmochowska | Effective, conscious and safe laser use in the Ramana StreetLab Mobile spectrometer | |
| Gyenes | Application of GHS Substances Classification Criteria for the Identification of Seveso Establishments | |
| Bodin-Remond et al. | Ecodesign tool for pyrotechny |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |
Application publication date: 20190709 |
|
| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |