CN109991288B - Device for detecting heavy metal ion content in water - Google Patents

Device for detecting heavy metal ion content in water Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109991288B
CN109991288B CN201711482764.9A CN201711482764A CN109991288B CN 109991288 B CN109991288 B CN 109991288B CN 201711482764 A CN201711482764 A CN 201711482764A CN 109991288 B CN109991288 B CN 109991288B
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separation
electric field
outlet
heavy metal
water
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CN109991288A (en
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陈建华
邓愿
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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Ningbo Fotile Kitchen Ware Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/28Electrolytic cell components
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N27/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
    • G01N27/26Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating electrochemical variables; by using electrolysis or electrophoresis
    • G01N27/416Systems
    • G01N27/447Systems using electrophoresis
    • G01N27/44704Details; Accessories

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an in-water cation separation device, wherein the in-water cation separation device comprises a separation flow channel, a separation electric field positive plate, a separation electric field negative plate and N split flow separation baffles arranged at the outlet of the separation flow channel, so that the outlet of the separation flow channel is divided into N+1 split flow separation outlets; the TDS detection element is used for detecting the TDS value in water flowing out of the outlet of the middle splitter, and the measurement result of the TDS detection element is used as a basis for judging whether the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device contains heavy metal ions or not. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through setting up aquatic cation separator, separate the reposition of redundant personnel with the cation that the aquatic specific charge is different, according to heavy metal ion specific charge again, carry out the TDS value to the water that can follow the reposition of redundant personnel of heavy metal ion specific charge part and detect, can accurately effectively detect whether contain heavy metal ion in the aquatic.

Description

Device for detecting heavy metal ion content in water
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water.
Background
In the prior art, whether the water contains heavy metal ions is generally judged by measuring the TDS value in the water, but the TDS value cannot accurately indicate whether the water contains the heavy metal ions.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water, which can judge whether the water contains the heavy metal ions or not more sensitively.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a heavy metal ion content detection device in water which characterized in that: comprising an in-water cation separation device comprising
A separation flow path having an inlet and an outlet;
the separation electric field positive plate is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the positive electrode of the external stabilized voltage supply;
the separation electric field negative plate is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the negative electrode of the external stabilized voltage supply;
the inlet of the separation flow channel is arranged at the front end part close to the separation electric field negative plate;
an outlet of the separation flow channel is formed between the rear end part of the separation electric field positive plate and the rear end part of the separation electric field negative plate, and N flow dividing partition plates which are arranged in parallel with the separation electric field negative plate at intervals are arranged at the outlet of the separation flow channel, so that the outlet of the separation flow channel is divided into N+1 flow dividing sub outlets, and the value of N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the split separator between the negative plate of the separation electric field and the positive plate of the separation electric field is sequentially marked as a first split separator, a second split separator and an N-th split separator of … …; when n=2, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=3, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=4, the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the third and fourth diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=a natural number of 5 or more, any one or two of the two middle-most diverter outlets are mixed and then recorded as a detection outlet;
the TDS detection element is used for detecting the TDS value in the water flowing out of the detection outlet, and the measurement result of the TDS detection element is used as a basis for judging whether the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device contains heavy metal ions or not.
The distances between the N flow dividing baffles can be the same, namely the N flow dividing baffles divide the outlet of the separation flow channel into N+1 flow dividing sub outlets with the same size.
Preferably, when n=2:
the distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows:wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/45-1/40;
when n=3:
the distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows:wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/28-1/20;
third block of flow dividing partition plate and separating electric field positiveThe distance between the pole pieces is as follows: the range of (2) is: 1/45 to 1/40, and at this time, a diverter outlet formed between the first diverter baffle and the second diverter baffle is referred to as a detection outlet.
In consideration of that the electrolysis of water is easily caused when the voltages of the attached electric field and the separated electric field are too large, the voltage between the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the external stabilized power supply is less than or equal to 2V in order to prevent the electrolysis of water.
The length of the negative plate of the separation electric field is the same as that of the positive plate of the separation electric field.
As an improvement, the invention also comprises a controller, and the positive and negative voltages of the external stabilized power supply are provided by the controller; the TDS detection element is connected with the controller; and the display unit is connected with the controller and used for displaying the detection result of the TDS detection element.
Still further, the present invention also includes a flow meter for detecting the flow rate of water flowing into the inlet of the separation flow channel, the flow meter being connected to the controller.
The invention further comprises a contrast TDS detecting element for detecting the TDS value of the water flowing into the inlet of the separation flow passage, wherein the contrast TDS detecting element is connected with the controller, and if the detection result of the TDS detecting element is larger than that of the contrast TDS detecting element, the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detecting device is indicated to contain heavy metals.
The invention further comprises an alarm connected with the controller.
Still further, the present invention further includes an operation input unit connected to the controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: through setting up aquatic cation separator, separate the reposition of redundant personnel with the cation that the aquatic specific charge is different, according to heavy metal ion specific charge again, carry out the TDS value to the water that can follow the reposition of redundant personnel of heavy metal ion specific charge part and detect, can accurately effectively detect whether contain heavy metal ion in the aquatic.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a device for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water according to an embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 shows a device for separating cations from water according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 shows a device for separating cations from water in a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a device for separating cations from water in accordance with a third embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments of the drawings.
As in the first embodiment
The device for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water shown in fig. 1 comprises a controller 7 and a cation separation device in water electrically connected with the controller 7.
Wherein the cation separation device in water comprises, as shown in FIG. 2
A separation flow channel 1 having an inlet and an outlet;
the separation electric field positive plate 2 is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the positive electrode of an external stabilized voltage power supply;
the separation electric field negative plate 3 is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the negative electrode of an external stabilized voltage power supply; the length of the negative plate of the separation electric field is the same as that of the positive plate of the separation electric field;
the inlet of the separation flow channel is arranged at the front end part close to the separation electric field negative plate;
an outlet of the separation flow channel is formed between the rear end part of the separation electric field positive plate and the rear end part of the separation electric field negative plate, and N flow dividing partition boards 6 which are arranged in parallel with the separation electric field negative plate 3 at equal intervals are arranged at the outlet of the separation flow channel, so that the outlet of the separation flow channel is divided into N+1 flow dividing sub outlets with the same capacity, the value of N is a natural number which is more than or equal to 2, and the flow dividing partition boards from the separation electric field negative plate to the separation electric field positive plate are sequentially marked as a first flow dividing partition board, a second flow dividing partition board and a … … Nth flow dividing partition board; when n=2, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=3, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=4, the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the third and fourth diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=a natural number of 5 or more, any one or two of the two middle-most diverter outlets are mixed and then recorded as a detection outlet;
the TDS detection element 8 is configured to detect a TDS value in water flowing out from the detection outlet, and uses a measurement result of the TDS detection element 8 as a basis for determining whether the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device contains heavy metal ions, so long as the TDS value detected by the TDS detection element is non-zero, the TDS value indicates that the water contains heavy metal.
In this embodiment, n=3, and of course, N may take any value among natural numbers.
The positive and negative voltages of the external stabilized power supply are provided by the controller 7; the TDS detection element 8 is connected with the controller 7; the device further comprises a display unit 9 connected with the controller 7 and used for displaying the detection result of the TDS detection element, a flowmeter 10 connected with the controller and arranged in front of the inlet of the separation flow channel, and a contrast TDS detection element 11 used for detecting the TDS value in water flowing into the inlet of the separation flow channel, wherein the contrast TDS detection element is connected with the controller 7; and an alarm 12 connected to the controller, and an operation input unit 13 connected to the controller. In this embodiment, if the detection result of the TDS detection element is greater than the detection result of the comparison TDS detection element, it may also be directly indicated that the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device contains heavy metals.
The working principle of the cation separation device in water is as follows:
water enters from the inlet of the separation flow channel, under the action of the separation electric field, positive ions in the water move to the separation electric field negative plate, and the waterThe negative ions move to the positive plate in the separation electric field. Since the electrolysis of water is easily caused by an excessively high voltage, the input separation electric field voltage should not be excessively large, and should be generally lower than 2V or less. The same electric field is different for different ion migration capacities, and is mainly determined according to different charge ratios, under the same uniform electric field, ions enter a separation electric field under the drive of water flow, the inlet of a separation flow channel is arranged at the front end part close to a negative plate of the separation electric field, so that initial conditions of all cations are consistent, under the action of the separation electric field, different ions in water migrate under the action of the separation electric field, negative ions move towards a positive plate of the separation electric field, positive ions move towards a negative plate of the separation electric field, and due to different charges and different atomic weights of different ions, the main cations in normal water are mostly calcium (Ca 2 20 + \atomic weight), magnesium (Mg 2 Ion atomic weight 20), sodium (Na + \atomic weight 11), and some other trace cations; however, for some contaminated waters, particularly heavy metal contaminated waters, a significant amount of heavy metal ions, such as lead (Pb) 2 An atomic weight of 82), mercury (Hg) 2 80 + \atomic weight), silver (Ag 2 An atomic weight of 47), barium (Ba) 2 56 + \atomic weight), cadmium (Cd) 2 An atomic weight of 48), and the like. Different ions have different specific charges, such as calcium ion with a specific charge of 2/20, cadmium ion with a specific charge of 2/48 and lead ion with a specific charge of 2/82, so that the specific charge of heavy metal ions is relatively small, especially lead, mercury and the like, while common cations in general water such as calcium, magnesium, sodium and the like have relatively large specific charges. Therefore, under the condition of the same separation electric field and the same initial speed, the distance relation of the movement of ions with different charges is in a proportional relation with the ratio of the charges, namely the movement distance is related to q/m, and under the same electric field, the movement speed of cations with larger charges is high and the movement speed of cations with smaller charges is low; particularly, heavy metal ions have low moving speed due to smaller specific charge; the water is split through the splitter box of the water outlet, so that different cations in the water can be separated, and most heavy metal ions can be separated and separated by taking a splitter outlet formed between the first splitter plate and the second splitter plate as a detection outletAnd detecting.
Example two
Unlike the first embodiment, the three split partitions are not uniformly spaced apart, as shown in the figure, wherein
The distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows:wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8; thus, the metal cations with the ratios of 0 to 1/15 to 1/8 of calcium ions, sodium ions and the like can flow out from a splitter outlet formed between the first splitter plate and the inner wall of the separation flow channel;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/28-1/20; thus, the metal cations with the ratio of silver ions, cadmium ions and the like between 1/15 to 1/8 and 1/28 to 1/20 can flow out from a splitter outlet formed between the first splitter baffle plate and the second splitter baffle plate;
the distance between the third shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is: 1/45 to 1/40; thus, barium ion, lead ion, mercury ion, etcThe metal cations with the specific charge between 1/28 and 1/20 and 1/45 and 1/40 can flow out from the splitter outlet formed between the second splitter baffle and the third splitter baffle.
At this time, the diverter outlet formed between the second diverter baffle and the third diverter baffle is denoted as a detection outlet, so that heavy metal ions in water can be more accurately and effectively detected.
Example III
Unlike the second embodiment, the split-flow partition is provided with two blocks, see fig. 4, in which:
the distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows:wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/45 to 1/40.
At this time, the diverter outlet formed between the first diverter baffle and the second diverter baffle is recorded as a detection outlet, so that heavy metal ions in water can be accurately and effectively detected.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a heavy metal ion content detection device in water which characterized in that: comprising an in-water cation separation device comprising
A separation flow path having an inlet and an outlet;
the separation electric field positive plate is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the positive electrode of the external stabilized voltage supply;
the separation electric field negative plate is arranged in the separation flow channel, is close to the outlet of the separation flow channel and is connected with the negative electrode of the external stabilized voltage supply; the length of the negative plate of the separation electric field is the same as that of the positive plate of the separation electric field;
the inlet of the separation flow channel is arranged at the front end part close to the positive plate of the separation electric field;
an outlet of the separation flow channel is formed between the rear end part of the separation electric field positive plate and the rear end part of the separation electric field negative plate, and N flow dividing partition plates which are arranged in parallel with the separation electric field negative plate at intervals are arranged at the outlet of the separation flow channel, so that the outlet of the separation flow channel is divided into N+1 flow dividing sub outlets, and the value of N is a natural number greater than or equal to 2; the split separator between the negative plate of the separation electric field and the positive plate of the separation electric field is sequentially marked as a first split separator, a second split separator and an N-th split separator of … …; when n=2, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=3, the diverter outlet formed between the first and second diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=4, the diverter outlet formed between the second and third diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet, or the diverter outlet formed between the third and fourth diverter baffles is referred to as a detection outlet; when n=a natural number of 5 or more, any one or two of the two middle-most diverter outlets are mixed and then recorded as a detection outlet;
the TDS detection element is used for detecting the TDS value in the water flowing out of the detection outlet, and the measurement result of the TDS detection element is used as a basis for judging whether the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device contains heavy metal ions or not;
when n=2, the distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is:
wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/45-1/40;
when n=3:
the distance between the first shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows:wherein K is a constant smaller than 1 and larger than 0, U is the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the second external stabilized power supply, l is the length of the positive plate of the separation electric field or the negative plate of the separation electric field, v is the water flow speed of water flowing through the separation flow channel, and d is the distance between the positive plate of the separation electric field and the negative plate of the separation electric field; />The range of (2) is 1/15-1/8;
the distance between the second block of shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is 1/28-1/20;
the distance between the third shunt separator and the positive plate of the separation electric field is as follows: the range of (2) is: 1/45 to 1/40, and at this time, a diverter outlet formed between the first diverter baffle and the second diverter baffle is referred to as a detection outlet.
2. The apparatus for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water according to claim 1, wherein: and the voltage between the anode and the cathode of the external stabilized power supply is less than or equal to 2V.
3. The apparatus for detecting the content of heavy metal ions in water according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the device also comprises a controller, wherein the positive and negative voltages of the external stabilized power supply are provided by the controller; the TDS detection element is connected with the controller; and the display unit is connected with the controller and used for displaying the detection result of the TDS detection element.
4. The apparatus for detecting heavy metal ion content in water according to claim 3, wherein: and a flow meter for detecting the flow rate of water flowing into the inlet of the separation flow channel, the flow meter being connected to the controller.
5. The apparatus for detecting heavy metal ion content in water according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises a contrast TDS detection element for detecting the TDS value of the water flowing into the inlet of the separation flow passage, wherein the contrast TDS detection element is connected with the controller, and if the detection result of the TDS detection element is larger than that of the contrast TDS detection element, the water flowing through the heavy metal ion content detection device is indicated to contain heavy metals.
6. The apparatus for detecting heavy metal ion content in water according to claim 3, wherein: the system also comprises an alarm connected with the controller.
7. The apparatus for detecting heavy metal ion content in water according to claim 3, wherein: the device also comprises an operation input unit connected with the controller.
CN201711482764.9A 2017-12-29 2017-12-29 Device for detecting heavy metal ion content in water Active CN109991288B (en)

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101200325A (en) * 2007-12-21 2008-06-18 南开大学 Electro-deionization method and device for synchronously concentrating and purifying heavy metal wastewater
CN103073096A (en) * 2013-02-26 2013-05-01 昆明理工大学 Device for processing charged ions in waste water through electromagnetism with electrodialysis
CN105253965A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-01-20 江门市腾飞科技有限公司 Intelligent water purifier for removing heavy metals in water through adsorption by electric field
KR20160082744A (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-07-11 코웨이 주식회사 Deionization filter device and water treatment apparatus having the same
CN106348397A (en) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-25 张传忠 Electric desalinating device
CN208109812U (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-11-16 宁波方太厨具有限公司 Heavy metal ion content detection device in a kind of water

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101200325A (en) * 2007-12-21 2008-06-18 南开大学 Electro-deionization method and device for synchronously concentrating and purifying heavy metal wastewater
CN103073096A (en) * 2013-02-26 2013-05-01 昆明理工大学 Device for processing charged ions in waste water through electromagnetism with electrodialysis
KR20160082744A (en) * 2014-12-29 2016-07-11 코웨이 주식회사 Deionization filter device and water treatment apparatus having the same
CN106348397A (en) * 2015-07-13 2017-01-25 张传忠 Electric desalinating device
CN105253965A (en) * 2015-10-19 2016-01-20 江门市腾飞科技有限公司 Intelligent water purifier for removing heavy metals in water through adsorption by electric field
CN208109812U (en) * 2017-12-29 2018-11-16 宁波方太厨具有限公司 Heavy metal ion content detection device in a kind of water

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