CN109990973A - For testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character - Google Patents
For testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character Download PDFInfo
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
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- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 23
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, it is by experimental section, the circulatory system and test macro three parts are constituted, include riser, cyclone separator, filter, feeding chamber, standpipe, L-type returning charge valve, cyclic water tank, first plunger pump, second plunger pump, damping buffer, flowmeter, first regenerator, second regenerator, primary heater, secondary heater, counterbalance valve, cooling water tank, cooling water pump, first cooler, second cooler, open cooling tower, the components such as multiple control valves and multiple K-type thermocouples, pressure differential pressure pickup, the test devices such as capacitance probe.The device tested provided by the present invention for supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character is laid a good foundation for the popularization of supercritical water circulating fluid bed reactor Multiphase Flow and the research of heat-transfer character, the foundation of design theory, the optimization of operating condition and application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Multiphase Flow technology, in particular to a kind of test device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed, specifically
It is related to the device for testing supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character.
Background technique
In recent years, atmospheric haze pollution frequently occurs for most area, and air quality index is chronically at severe and serious
The rank of pollution.Typical case of the haze as ecological environmental pollution, causes difference to people's lives, national economy and social development
The harm of degree, and the fossil energies such as coal, petroleum utilize the main cause for being induction haze weather.Therefore, on the one hand, it is clean to be badly in need of research and development
Clean coal technology improves the utilization efficiency of coal, reduces disposal of pollutants；On the other hand, Devoting Major Efforts To Developing renewable energy technologies are needed, gradually
Accounting of the renewable energy in non-renewable energy consumption is improved, it is sustainable to solve energy shortage, environmental pollution and social economy
The great difficult problem of development.
Supercritical water gasification is the new skill of the organic resources trans-utilizations such as the nearest coal to grow up for 30 years, biomass
Art, it realizes the high-efficiency gasification of coal and biomass using the specific physical chemical property of water at supercritical conditions.Currently, according to
Type of reactor is different, and it is anti-that supercritical water gasification technique can be divided into batch reactor, continuous fluid-guiding type reactor and fluidized bed
Answer device.Wherein batch reactor is mainly used for research in terms of reaction mechanism, is not able to satisfy the demand of the following technology commercialization.And
Continous way system is the inevitable choice of extensive coal, biomass supercritical gasification hydrogen-producing, but pipe flow reactor is easy to appear wall surface
Slagging blocking, leads to system-down, this also becomes the bottleneck problem for restricting coal and the development of biomass supercritical water gasification technology.This
The supercritical water fluid bed reactor (ZL200710017691.6) for inventing invention seminar's early period operates under middle low gas velocity, from
Two-phase flow state, which is seen, belongs to bubbling fluidized bed, although being able to solve the blocking problem of slagging existing for tubular reactor, realizes high
The high-efficiency gasification of concentration biomass, coal, but, reactor in some important parameters similar with traditional bubbling fluidized bed, such as bed
Expansion, gas-solid mixing, Bubble Characteristics, heat-transfer character, mass transfer characteristic of reaction gas etc., the size of strong depend-ence reactor.Drum
The bubbling behaviour of bubble fluidized bed also brings the reduction of reactor efficiency and reactor is not easy the problem amplified.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind for testing supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character
Device, the Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character inside supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed can be understood, supercritical water is followed for the later period
The research of circulation fluidized bed reactor and the foundation of its design theory and optimization method lay the foundation.
The present invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
For testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, including experimental section, cyclic system
System and test macro, the circulatory system include backheat subsystem, cooling subsystem and returning charge subsystem；
Experimental section includes riser, cyclone separator, return material transporting device, and riser is as fluidized bed ontology, riser
Bottom is equipped with supercritical water entrance, and riser lower part is equipped with return port, and riser upper outlet is connect with cyclone inlet,
Cyclone separator bottom discharging mouth is connected by the return port of return material transporting device and riser, the exhaust outlet on cyclone separator
It is connect with backheat subsystem；
The supercritical water that cyclone separator exhaust outlet is discharged is carried out backheat and heats generation supercritical water by backheat subsystem,
Supercritical water is conveyed to riser by the supercritical water entrance of riser；
Cooling subsystem will further be cooled down after supercritical water backheat that cyclone separator exhaust outlet is discharged；
Returning charge subsystem is connect with return material transporting device, provides returning charge pressure for returning charge；
Test macro includes the flowmeter being arranged in backheat subsystem, thermocouple and pressure differential pressure pickup, is used respectively
In measurement supercritical water flow, temperature and pressure；And thermocouple, pressure differential pressure pickup and capacitor on riser are set
Probe, temperature, pressure and the capacitor being respectively used in measurement riser.
Preferably, backheat subsystem includes cyclic water tank, the first plunger pump, the first damping buffer, the first regenerator,
Two regenerators, primary heater, mixing flow container and counterbalance valve；
First plunger pump intake is connected with cyclic water tank, and outlet is connect with the first damping buffer entrance, and the first damping is slow
Rushing device outlet header road divides two-way to be connected respectively with the cold fluid inlet of the first regenerator and the second regenerator；First regenerator and
The cold fluid outlet of second regenerator is connected after converging with the entrance of primary heater；The outlet header road of primary heater point
At two-way, it is connected all the way with riser supercritical water entrance, another way is connected with the thermal fluid inlet of the second regenerator；First time
The thermal fluid inlet of hot device is connected with the upper outlet of cyclone separator；The hot fluid outlet ports of first regenerator and the second regenerator
It is connected respectively with the thermal fluid inlet of the first cooler and the second cooler；The hot fluid of first cooler and the second cooler goes out
Mouth is connected to mixing flow container, and the outlet for mixing flow container is connected through counterbalance valve with cyclic water tank；
Be respectively arranged on the connecting line of first plunger pump and the first regenerator and the second regenerator flow control valve and
Flowmeter；Flow control valve and flow are respectively arranged on the connecting line of mixing flow container and the first cooler and the second cooler
Meter.
It further obtains, cooling subsystem includes cooling water tank, cooling water pump, the first cooler, the second cooler and opens
Formula cooling tower；Cooling water pump entrance is connected with cooling water tank, cooling water pump outlet be divided into two-way respectively with the first cooler and the
The cold fluid inlet of two coolers is connected；The cold fluid outlet of first cooler and the second cooler converges rear and open cooling tower
Entrance is connected；Open cooling tower outlet is connected with cooling water tank；The connection of cooling water pump and the first cooler and the second cooler
Flow control valve and flowmeter are respectively arranged on pipeline.
Further, returning charge subsystem includes cyclic water tank, the second plunger pump, the second damping buffer and the second heating
Device；The entrance of second plunger pump is connected with cyclic water tank, and outlet is connect with the second damping buffer entrance, the second damping buffer
Outlet is connected with the fluid inlet of secondary heater；The fluid outlet of secondary heater is connected with return material transporting device；Recirculated water
Flow control valve and flowmeter are provided on the connecting line of case and secondary heater.
Preferably, return material transporting device includes standpipe, returning charge valve and returning charge inclined tube, and cyclone separator lower part discharge gate passes through
Standpipe is connected with returning charge valve upper port；The outlet of returning charge valve side is connect by returning charge inclined tube with riser return port；Returning charge valve
The other side is provided with returning charge indentation mouth, and returning charge indentation mouth is connect with returning charge subsystem；The design of returning charge valve bottom has discharge port.
Further, returning charge valve is L-type valve.
It further, further include filter and feeding chamber, cyclone separator upper air vent and filter middle portion entrance phase
Even.Filter upper outlet is connect with backheat subsystem；Cyclone separator lower part discharge gate is connected with one entrance of feeding chamber top；
Filter lower part discharge gate is connected with another entrance in feeding chamber top；Feeding chamber lower part passes through standpipe and returning charge valve upper port phase
Even.
Further, the diameter proportion of filter and riser is 1:(4-7).
Further, graphite wound gasket piece and sintered metal net are provided in the top end cap of filter.
Preferably, it is respectively arranged with graphite wound gasket piece in the upper end cover and lower cover of riser, the lower cover of riser also fills
There is air distribution plate.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
The device of the invention is in use, fluidized particles take riser out of by supercritical water, into cyclone separator, passes through
Cyclone separator separation, supercritical water are discharged from cyclone separator exhaust outlet, and fluidized particles are mentioned by return material transporting device return
Riser continues to participate in experiment.Since fluidized particles can recycle feeding riser, it is able to use higher operating gas velocity, quickly
Under fluidized state, bed approximation bubble-free can be used in studying supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
To fast fluidization operating condition, the riser macroscopic view/microcosmic bed structure, bed to solve supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed
Key issues of wall surface heat-transfer character, flowing heat transfer mechanism, mathematical model and method for numerical simulation, provides experiment condition, solves
The difficult point of Multiphase Flow test system architecture and measurement under the harsh conditions such as high temperature and pressure varied property.It is followed for later period supercritical water
The popularization of foundation, optimization and the application of operating condition of circulation fluidized bed reactor design theory is laid a good foundation, final to establish
A set of supercritical water circulating fluid bed reactor design theory and optimization method.
Further, backheat subsystem realizes flow system flow and temperature in such a way that main road and bypass double loop are adjusted
It quickly adjusts, can accelerate to study speed, improve measurement efficiency.Simultaneously by the way of branch backheat and cooling, energy is improved
Recovery utilization rate is measured, energy consumption is reduced.Using regenerator, heater heating method, being rapidly heated for system fluid is realized；Setting
The components such as damping buffer and counterbalance valve are to realize effective control to system pressure.
Further, by the way that filter, the very tiny fluidisation that can not separate cyclone separator is arranged
Grain further filtering, avoids it from entering the circulatory system.
Further, the diameter of filter and the compound certain ratio of the diameter of riser make the fluid into filter
Speed is down to sufficiently low, guarantee filter effect.
Further, be provided with graphite wound gasket piece and sintered metal net in the top end cap of filter, guarantee sealing and
Prevent fluidized particles from entering the circulatory system.
Further, end cap is equipped with graphite wound gasket piece to guarantee the effective of end cap to the riser of recirculating fluidized bed up and down
Sealing, wherein lower end cap is also equipped with air distribution plate to guarantee being uniformly distributed for inlet fluid.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the ciculation fluidized bed gasification system figure of supercritical water shown in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the system diagram of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow of the present invention and heat-transfer character test device.
In figure: the first water tank of 1-1-, the first high-pressure plunger pump of 1-2-, the second high-pressure plunger pump of 1-3-, 1-4- third high pressure
Plunger pump, 1-5- deslagging pump, 1-6- returning charge pump, 1-7- storage tank, the first feeder of 1-8-, the second feeder of 1-9-, 1-10- row
Slag device, 1-11- deslagging cooler, 1-12- fluidized bed, 1-13- high temperature cyclone separator, 1-14- longitudinal pipe, 1-15- return gasification
Expect valve, 1-16- pulse damper, 1-17- regenerator, 1-18- cooler, 1-19- preheater, 1-20- back pressure gate valve, 1-21-
Gas-liquid separator, 1-22- wet gas flow meter, the second water tank of 1-23-, 1-24- cooling tower, 1-25- cooling pump；
1- cyclic water tank, the first plunger pump of 2-, the second plunger pump of 3-, the first damping buffer of 4-, the first regenerator of 5-, 6-
Second regenerator, 7- primary heater, 8- riser, 9- connecting tube, 10- cyclone separator, 11- filter, 12- feeding chamber,
13- standpipe, 14- returning charge valve, 15- returning charge inclined tube, 16- discharge port, the first cooler of 17-, the second cooler of 18-, 19- mixed liquor
Tank, 20- counterbalance valve, 21- cooling water tank, 22- cooling water pump, 23- open cooling tower, 24- secondary heater, 25- damping buffering
Device.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, it is described be explanation of the invention and
It is not to limit.
To solve the problems, such as that above-mentioned supercritical water fluid bed reactor exists, seminar of the present invention is recycled using supercritical water
Fluidized bed (fast fluidization) gasification new process improves the efficiency and processing capacity of single reactor.Supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed
" pot " and " furnace " is combined into one by gasification system, and operation temperature and pressure are more than the critical point of water, coal, biomass or catalysis
The particles such as agent and the two-phase flow of supercritical water in the reactor are in fast fluidized condition, and coal or biomass with it is overcritical
Gasification reaction directly occurs for water.
As shown in Figure 1, the ciculation fluidized bed gasification system of the newly developed supercritical water of seminar of the present invention, including it is ciculation fluidized
Machine tool system, deslagging subsystem, thermal sub-system and takes gas subsystem at charging subsystem.
Recirculating fluidized bed subsystem includes fluidized bed 1-12, high temperature cyclone separator 1-13, longitudinal pipe 1-14, returns gasification material
Valve 1-15 and returning charge pump 1-6, and fluidized bed 1-12 is gasification furnace body.The bottom fluidized bed 1-12 is equipped with supercritical water entrance, super to face
Boundary's water inlet is connected with the outlet preheater 1-19；The lower part fluidized bed 1-12 is equipped with slag-drip opening, and slag-drip opening is connected with deslagging subsystem；
The middle and lower part fluidized bed 1-12 is equipped with feed inlet, and feed inlet is connected with charging subsystem.Fluidized bed 1-12 upper outlet passes through connection
Pipeline is connect with high temperature cyclone separator 1-13 entrance, the air exit of high temperature cyclone separator 1-13 and the heat of regenerator 1-17
Fluid inlet connection, high temperature cyclone separator 1-13 and longitudinal pipe 1-14, longitudinal pipe 1-14 lead to respectively with gasification material valve 1-15 is returned
It crosses welding to be connected directly, so that cyclone separator 1-13 bottom discharging mouth expects that valve 1-15's is upper with gasification is returned by longitudinal pipe 1-14
Entrance connection in portion's is returned gasification material valve 1-15 lower part outlet and is connect with the lower part fluidized bed 1-12 return port, returns under gasification material valve 1-15
Portion's inflating port pumps 1-6 with returning charge by gas tube and connect.
The subsystem that feeds includes the first water tank 1-1, storage tank 1-7, the first feeder 1-8, the second feeder 1-9, second
High-pressure plunger pump 1-3 and third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4；Storage tank 1-7 is equipped with gas access, material inlet and outlet, storage tank
The outlet of 1-7 divides two-way to connect respectively with the entrance of the first feeder 1-8 and the second feeder 1-9, the first feeder 1-8 and
The outlet of two feeder 1-9 converges to be connect with the feed inlet of fluidized bed 1-12 afterwards.First feeder 1-8, the second feeder 1-9,
Second high-pressure plunger pump 1-3 and third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4 is interconnected by pipeline and valve；Specifically, the first feeder
1-8 and the second top feeder 1-9 are connected by pipeline with valve, and the outlet of the first water tank 1-1 divides two-way high with second respectively
Hydraulic plunger pump 1-3 is connected with the entrance of third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4, and the outlet of third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4 is divided into three tunnels, all the way
Connect with the first top feeder 1-8, connect all the way with the second top feeder 1-9, there are also all the way directly with fluidized bed 1-12
Feed inlet be connected.
Deslagging subsystem includes the first water tank 1-1, deslagging pump 1-5, slag-discharging device 1-10 and deslagging cooler 1-11, the first water
Case 1-1 is connect by deslagging pump 1-5 with the water inlet of slag-discharging device 1-10, the slag-drip opening and deslagging cooler 1-11 of fluidized bed 1-12
Entrance connection, the outlet of deslagging cooler 1-11 connect with the waste residue entrance of slag-discharging device 1-10, and the bottom of slag-discharging device 1-10 is set
It is equipped with slag notch.
Thermal sub-system mainly includes the first water tank 1-1, regenerator 1-17, cooler 1-18, preheater 1-19, the second water tank
1-23, cooling pump 1-25 and cooling tower 1-24.The exhaust of the thermal fluid inlet and high temperature cyclone separator 1-13 of regenerator 1-17
Mouth connection, the hot fluid outlet ports of regenerator 1-17 are connect with the thermal fluid inlet of cooler 1-18, the hot fluid of cooler 1-18
Outlet is connect with the entrance of back pressure gate valve 1-20, and the outlet back pressure gate valve 1-20 is connect with gas subsystem is taken.Second water tank 1-23 is logical
Supercooling pump 1-25 is connect with the cooling water inlet of cooler 11-8, and cooling water outlet and the cooling tower 1-24 of cooler 11-8 enters
Mouth connection, the outlet cooling tower 1-24 are connect with the second water tank 1-23.First water tank 1-1 passes through the first high-pressure plunger pump 1-2 and arteries and veins
It rushes damper 1-16 entrance to be connected, the outlet pulse damper 1-16 is connect with the cold fluid inlet of regenerator 1-17, regenerator 1-
17 cold fluid outlet is connect with the entrance of preheater 1-19, and the outlet of preheater 1-19 and the supercritical water of fluidized bed 1-12 enter
Mouth connection.
Gas subsystem is taken to include gas-liquid separator 1-21, wet gas flow meter 1-22 and take airbag.Back pressure gate valve 1-20
Outlet connect with the entrance of gas-liquid separator 1-21；The gas vent of gas-liquid separator 1-21 connects wet all the way through three-way valve
Formula gas flowmeter 1-22, another way even take airbag.
Supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed supercritical water mass flow of the present invention is 30~220kg/h.
Supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed, specific work process are as follows: in advance by 10~1-80 μm of particle size range of quartz sand
Particle is added in fluidized bed 1-12, as bed material auxiliary coal particle fluidisation.Coal is configured to the coal slurry of required concentration simultaneously
It is added in storage tank 1-7, coal slurry is depressed into the first feeder 1-8 and/or the second feeder 1-9 with the N2 of certain pressure
In.The first high-pressure plunger pump 1-2 is opened, its mass flow is adjusted to predetermined value, adjusting back pressure gate valve 1-20 reaches system
Predetermined pressure.The heating device for starting preheater 1-19 and fluidized bed 1-12, makes the fluid temperature (F.T.) in reactor fluidized bed 1-12
Reach predetermined value.Opening the second high-pressure plunger pump 1-3 and third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4 makes the first feeder 1-8 and second feed
The pressure rise of device 1-9 is to system pressure.The mass flow of third high-pressure plunger pump 1-4 is adjusted to predetermined value, opens simultaneously one
The lower end outlet valve of a feeder (1-8 or 1-9), coal slurry is pressed into fluidized bed 1-12 and is reacted.In fluidized bed 1-
Under the fast fluidizations of 12 operations, quartz sand particle and the complete coal particle of unreacted take fluidized bed 1-12 out of by supercritical water, into
Enter in high temperature cyclone separator 1-13.By the separation of high temperature cyclone separator 1-13, the gas of supercritical water and reaction generation
Mixture be discharged from high temperature cyclone separator 1-13 exhaust outlet, exchange heat into regenerator 1-17 and cold fluid, subsequently into cold
But it is cooled to room temperature in device 11-8, using gas-liquid separator 1-21 is entered after back pressure gate valve 1-20, gas-liquid separator 1-21 divides
It separates out the gas come and its yield is surveyed by wet gas flow meter 1-22；The quartz separated through high temperature cyclone separator 1-13
Sand particle and the complete coal particle of unreacted are entered by longitudinal pipe 1-14 returns gasification material valve 1-15, returns what returning charge pump 1-6 was provided
Expect to send fluidized bed 1-12 back under wind action and continue to participate in fluidisation or reaction.The residue generated is reacted to be discharged by dreg removing system,
Gas componant uses gas chromatographic analysis.
There is higher operating gas velocity compared to bubbling fluidized bed as reactor using supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed,
Quartz sand particle in reactor in fast fluidization can heat and mass in strengthening reactor, make room temperature material with it is overcritical
Water and bed material quickly mix, and realize being rapidly heated for coal, coal particle can be made to come into full contact with supercritical water, realize high-concentration coal
High-efficiency gasification, the gasification of high gas velocity, high coal flux and high coal concentration may be implemented, be greatly improved the efficiency of gasification furnace
And ability；Simultaneously under fast fluidized condition, bed approximation bubble-free alleviates the influence of gasification furnace geometry, makes device
It is easy to enlarged amplification.
However, the reactor that supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed is newly proposed as one kind, to the Multiphase Flow and biography of its inside
Thermal characteristics understanding is very few, and system is not complete yet for design theory and method.Although conventional recycle fluidized bed Gas-solid Flow Characteristics
Result of study has certain reference value to the design of supercritical water circulating fluid bed reactor, but the quick fluidised form of supercritical water
Change reactor operation in high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, in addition the variation of Near The Critical Point supercritical water physical property acutely, flowing therein, biography
Hot mass transfer shows strong nonlinear characteristic, this will affect two-phase flow in fluidized bed, " gas " Gu-flow pattern, heat and mass, change
It learns reaction and the characteristics such as couples with Multiphase Flow, so that conventional recycle fluidized bed Gas-solid Flow Characteristics result of study and test device are simultaneously
It is not properly suited for supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed.Therefore, it is necessary to the two-phase flow heat transfers out of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed
Basic law is set out, its internal Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character are understood, and is the later period to supercritical water circulating fluid bed reactor
Research and the foundation of its design theory and optimization method lay the foundation.
As shown in Fig. 2, the present invention is used to test the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, by
Experimental section, the circulatory system and test macro three parts are constituted, wherein the circulatory system includes backheat subsystem, cooling subsystem again
With returning charge subsystem.
Experimental section includes riser 8, cyclone separator 10, filter 11, feeding chamber 12, standpipe 13 and returning charge valve 14.It mentions
8 top exit of riser is connected by connecting tube 9 with 10 entrance of cyclone separator；10 upper air vent of cyclone separator passes through connection
Pipe is connected with 11 centre entrance of filter；10 lower part discharge gate of cyclone separator passes through connecting tube and 12 top of feeding chamber, one entrance
It is connected；11 lower part discharge gate of filter is connected by connecting tube with another entrance in 12 top of feeding chamber；12 lower part of feeding chamber and vertical
Pipe 13 passes through welded connecting；13 lower part of standpipe and 14 upper port of returning charge valve by being welded to connect, thus 12 lower part of feeding chamber with return
Expect that 14 upper port of valve is connected by standpipe 13；The outlet of 14 side of returning charge valve is connect by returning charge inclined tube 15 with 8 lower part of riser；
The design of 14 bottom of returning charge valve has discharge port 16；The returning charge indentation mouth of 14 other side of returning charge valve passes through for pressure pipe and secondary heater 24
Fluid outlet be connected；8 bottom of riser is equipped with supercritical water entrance, and supercritical water entrance is connected with the outlet of primary heater 7；
11 upper outlet of filter is connected with the thermal fluid inlet of the first regenerator 5.
Backheat subsystem is made of main road and bypass, mainly includes cyclic water tank 1, the first plunger pump 2, the first damping buffering
Device 4, flow control valve, flowmeter, the first regenerator 5, the second regenerator 6, primary heater 7, mixing flow container 19 and counterbalance valve
20.First plunger pump, 2 entrance is connected with cyclic water tank 1, and outlet is connect with 4 entrance of the first damping buffer, the first damping buffering
The outlet of device 4 divides two-way to be connected respectively with the cold fluid inlet of the first regenerator 5 and the second regenerator 6；First regenerator 5 and second
The cold fluid outlet of regenerator 6 is connected after converging with the entrance of primary heater 7；The outlet header road of primary heater 7 point
It is all the way main road at two-way, is connected with 8 bottom of riser, another way is bypass, the thermal fluid inlet phase with the second regenerator 6
Even；The thermal fluid inlet of first regenerator 5 is connected with the upper outlet of filter 11；First regenerator 5 and the second regenerator 6
Hot fluid outlet ports are connected with the thermal fluid inlet of the first cooler 17 and the second cooler 18 respectively；First cooler 17 and second
The hot fluid outlet ports of cooler 18 are connected to mixing flow container 19, mix the outlet of flow container 19 through counterbalance valve 20 and cyclic water tank 1
It is connected.
Cooling subsystem is cold comprising cooling water tank 21, cooling water pump 22, the first cooler 17, the second cooler 18, open type
But the main components such as tower 23, flowmeter, flow control valve.22 entrance of cooling water pump is connected with cooling water tank 21, cooling water pump 22
Outlet is divided into two-way and is connected respectively with the cold fluid inlet of the first cooler 17 and the second cooler 18；First cooler 17 and
The cold fluid outlet of two coolers 18 is connected after converging with 23 entrance of open cooling tower；The outlet of open cooling tower 23 and cooling water tank
21 are connected.
Returning charge subsystem includes cyclic water tank 1, the second plunger pump 3, the second damping buffer 25, secondary heater 24, stream
The main components such as adjustable valve, flowmeter.The entrance of second plunger pump 3 is connected with cyclic water tank 1, outlet and the second damping buffering
The connection of 25 entrance of device, the outlet of the second damping buffer 25 are connected with the fluid inlet of secondary heater 24；Secondary heater 24
Fluid outlet is connected with 14 returning charge of returning charge valve indentation mouth.
Test macro includes K-type thermocouple, pressure differential pressure pickup and the capacitance probe at multiple and different positions.Using K
Temperature, pressure and localized voids at type thermocouple, pressure differential pressure pickup and capacitance probe difference measuring system different location
Rate.Wherein, multiple pressure differential pressure pickups are provided with from top to bottom on riser 8, are provided with multiple K-type thermoelectricity from top to bottom
It is even, it is provided with multiple capacitance probes from top to bottom；A pressure pressure is equipped in the connecting tube of cyclone separator 10 and filter 11
Gap sensor and a K-type thermocouple, in the connecting tube of filter 11 and the first regenerator 5 be equipped with a pressure differential pressure pickup and
The connecting tube of one K-type thermocouple, returning charge valve 14 and secondary heater 24 is equipped with a K-type thermocouple, the outlet of the first plunger pump 2
Main pipe rail is equipped with a pressure differential pressure pickup, sets respectively on the cold fluid inlet pipeline of the first regenerator 5 and the second regenerator 6
There are a flow meters, is respectively set a K-type thermocouple on the cold fluid outlet pipeline of the first regenerator 5 and the second regenerator 6, first
The outlet header road of heater 7 is equipped with a K-type thermocouple, and the connecting tube of the first regenerator 5 and the first cooler 17 is equipped with
The connecting tube of one K-type thermocouple, the second regenerator 6 and the second cooler 18 is equipped with a K-type thermocouple, the first cooler 17 with
The connecting tube for mixing flow container 19 is equipped with a K-type thermocouple and flow meters, the second cooler 18 and the connection for mixing flow container 19
Pipe is equipped with a K-type thermocouple and flow meters, on the cold fluid inlet pipeline of the first cooler 17 and the second cooler 18
Be respectively equipped with flow meters, on the cold fluid outlet pipeline of cooler 17 and the second cooler 18 and the two converge after general pipeline
A K-type thermocouple is respectively set in road, and open cooling tower 23 and the connecting line of cooling water tank 21 are equipped with a K-type thermocouple.
The top end cap of filter 11 of the present invention can be dismantled to facilitate charging and cleaning, and graphite is housed
Spirotallic gasket and sintered metal net are to guarantee that the effective of end cap seals and prevent particle from entering backheat subsystem.Filter 11 with mention
The diameter proportion of riser 8 is 1:(4-7).
Heat-preservation cotton is coated on the outside of the riser 8 of recirculating fluidized bed to maintain its internal temperature, the end cap up and down of riser 8
Detachably with easy to clean, and it is equipped with graphite wound gasket piece to guarantee effective sealing of end cap, wherein lower end cap is also
Equipped with air distribution plate to guarantee being uniformly distributed for inlet fluid.
The middle part of cyclone separator 10 is connected with end cap version, to facilitate the maintenance overhaul and cleaning in later period；Cyclonic separation
The exhaust bore of device 10 is 21mm, insertion depth 30mm；The tangential inlet internal diameter of cyclone separator 10 is 21mm.
Returning charge valve 14 is L-type valve.Wherein the internal diameter of L-type valve horizontal tube and vertical tube is all 21mm, and the two folder in 90 °
Angle；L-type valve turning bottom is provided with discharge port 16；Pressure supply bore is 10mm, and axis is higher than the axis of L-type valve horizontal tube
3mm。
The fluidized particles used are tested as inert particles such as quartz sands, the particle size range of particle is 50~500 μm, overcritical
Water quality flow is 30~220kg/h.
Regenerator and cooler are counter-flow arrangement double pipe heat exchanger, and material is 304 stainless steels；Experimental section material is
316 stainless steels, system pressure are up to 30MPa, and temperature is up to 575 DEG C.
The device of the present invention for being used to test supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, specific work
It is as follows to make principle: recirculated water is divided into two-way after coming out from cyclic water tank 1 and enters the first plunger pump 2 and the through respective flowmeter respectively
Two plunger pumps 3.Into the second plunger pump 3 water come out after after damping buffer 4, flow control valve enter secondary heater 24
It is heated, then into returning charge valve 14 for pressure pipe.Into the first plunger pump 2 water come out after through damping buffer 4 again divide
At two-way, every road respectively enters the first regenerator 5 after flow control valve and flowmeter and the second regenerator 6 carries out backheat,
Two-way mixes after backheat, enters primary heater 7 together and is heated.Heated device 7 is divided into two-way again after heating, all the way from mentioning
8 bottom of riser enters in cyclone separator 10 together after entering experimental section and fluidized particles mixing, by cyclone separator 10
Separation, coarse particles enter feeding chamber 12, supercritical water and fine particle from cyclone separator 10 from 10 bottom of cyclone separator
The discharge of upper end exhaust outlet, is filtered separation into filter 11, and fine particle returns to feeding chamber 12 from 11 bottom of filter, surpasses
Critical is discharged into the first regenerator 5 at the top of filter 11 and exchanges heat with high pressure low temperature water, subsequently into the first cooler 17
In cooled down, separated through cyclone separator 10 and filter 11 and return to the fluidized particles of feeding chamber 12 and enter by standpipe 13 and returns
Expect valve 14, is returned under returning charge wind action in riser 8；The another way separated after heated device 7 heats is directly entered the
Two regenerators 6 then enter the second cooler 18 and are cooled down.Two-way passes through the flow tune on respective road through overcooled water respectively
Enter mixed liquor tank 19 after section valve and flowmeter to be mixed, then enters counterbalance valve 20 together and be depressured, eventually pass back to recirculated water
Case 1.After cooling water comes out from cooling water tank 21, enter cooling water pump 22 through flow control valve, out after be divided into two-way, two-way warp
The first cooler 17 and the second cooler 18 are respectively enterd after crossing respective flow control valve and flowmeter, then two-way cooling water
Enter open cooling tower 23 after mixing together, eventually passes back to cooling water tank 21.
The device of the present invention for being used to test supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, it is specific to grasp
It is as follows to make process: fluidized particles being added at the top of 11 top of filter or 10 middle part of cyclone separator or riser 8 first and are followed
In ring fluidized bed.It is then turned on the first plunger pump 2 and the second plunger pump 3, its mass flow is adjusted to predetermined value, adjusts back
Pressure valve 20 makes system reach predetermined pressure.The heating device for restarting primary heater 7 and secondary heater 24, makes in reactor
Fluid temperature (F.T.) reach predetermined value.Then pass through K-type thermocouple, pressure differential pressure pickup and the capacitance probe pair at different location
Temperature, pressure, pressure difference and local porosity's data in supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed are acquired.In reasonable operating condition
In range, by adjusting the valve on each pipeline, the variation of the operating parameters such as different flow, temperature, pressure is realized, and then obtain
Experimental data at different operating conditions and different location.May then pass through a variety of data processing methods to it is signal collected into
Row specificity analysis obtains basic dynamic parameter, change of flow condition, bed macroscopic view/micro- in supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed
Structure and dynamic characteristic, bed wall surface heat-transfer character are seen, is the research and design theory of later period Multiphase Flow heat-transfer mechanism
Foundation with optimization method lays the foundation.
The factors pair such as particle type, grain diameter, fluid flow rate, temperature, pressure, returning charge air quantity can be studied by the system
The influence of Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character in supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed.The component for further replacing different shape size may be used also
Continue to study influence of the modular construction to Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character in supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed.
Above example is only of the invention for example, being not intended to restrict the invention.It is all in spirit and original of the invention
Within then, any modification, equivalent substitution, improvement and etc. done be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the device for testing supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character, which is characterized in that including experiment
Section, the circulatory system and test macro, the circulatory system include backheat subsystem, cooling subsystem and returning charge subsystem；
Experimental section includes riser (8), cyclone separator (10), return material transporting device, and riser (8) is used as fluidized bed ontology,
Riser (8) bottom is equipped with supercritical water entrance, and riser (8) lower part is equipped with return port, riser (8) upper outlet and whirlwind
The connection of separator (10) entrance, cyclone separator (10) bottom discharging mouth pass through the returning charge of return material transporting device and riser (8)
Mouth connects, and the exhaust outlet on cyclone separator (10) is connect with backheat subsystem；
The supercritical water that cyclone separator (10) exhaust outlet is discharged is carried out backheat and heats generation supercritical water by backheat subsystem,
Supercritical water is conveyed to riser (8) by the supercritical water entrance of riser (8)；
Cooling subsystem will further be cooled down after supercritical water backheat that cyclone separator (10) exhaust outlet is discharged；
Returning charge subsystem is connect with return material transporting device, provides returning charge pressure for returning charge；
Test macro includes the flowmeter being arranged in backheat subsystem, thermocouple and pressure differential pressure pickup, is respectively used to survey
Measure supercritical water flow, temperature and pressure；And thermocouple, pressure differential pressure pickup and the capacitor being arranged on riser (8)
Probe, temperature, pressure and the capacitor being respectively used in measurement riser (8).
2. it is according to claim 1 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, backheat subsystem includes cyclic water tank (1), the first plunger pump (2), the first damping buffer (4), the first backheat
Device (5), the second regenerator (6), primary heater (7), mixing flow container (19) and counterbalance valve (20)；
First plunger pump (2) entrance is connected with cyclic water tank (1), and outlet is connect with the first damping buffer (4) entrance, the first resistance
Cold fluid inlet phase of the two-way respectively with the first regenerator (5) and the second regenerator (6) is divided on Buddhist nun's buffer (4) outlet header road
Even；The cold fluid outlet of first regenerator (5) and the second regenerator (6) is connected after converging with the entrance of primary heater (7)；
The outlet header road of primary heater (7) is divided into two-way, is connected all the way with riser (8) supercritical water entrance, another way and the
The thermal fluid inlet of two regenerators (6) is connected；The thermal fluid inlet of first regenerator (5) and the top of cyclone separator (10) go out
Mouth is connected；The hot fluid outlet ports of first regenerator (5) and the second regenerator (6) are cooling with the first cooler (17) and second respectively
The thermal fluid inlet of device (18) is connected；The hot fluid outlet ports of first cooler (17) and the second cooler (18) are connected to mixing
The outlet of flow container (19), mixing flow container (19) is connected through counterbalance valve (20) with cyclic water tank (1)；
Flow adjusting is respectively arranged on the connecting line of first plunger pump (2) and the first regenerator (5) and the second regenerator (6)
Valve and flowmeter；It is respectively arranged on mixing flow container (19) and the connecting line of the first cooler (17) and the second cooler (18)
Flow control valve and flowmeter.
3. it is according to claim 2 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, cooling subsystem includes cooling water tank (21), cooling water pump (22), the first cooler (17), the second cooler
(18) and open cooling tower (23)；Cooling water pump (22) entrance is connected with cooling water tank (21), and cooling water pump (22) outlet is divided into
Two-way is connected with the cold fluid inlet of the first cooler (17) and the second cooler (18) respectively；First cooler (17) and second
The cold fluid outlet of cooler (18) is connected after converging with open cooling tower (23) entrance；Open cooling tower (23) outlet and cooling
Water tank (21) is connected；It is respectively set on cooling water pump (22) and the connecting line of the first cooler (17) and the second cooler (18)
There are flow control valve and flowmeter.
4. it is according to claim 2 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, returning charge subsystem include cyclic water tank (1), the second plunger pump (3), the second damping buffer (25) and second plus
Hot device (24)；The entrance of second plunger pump (3) is connected with cyclic water tank (1), and outlet is connect with 25 entrance of the second damping buffer,
Second damping buffer (25) outlet is connected with the fluid inlet of secondary heater (24)；The fluid outlet of secondary heater (24)
It is connected with return material transporting device；Be provided on the connecting line of cyclic water tank (1) and secondary heater (24) flow control valve and
Flowmeter.
5. it is according to claim 1 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, return material transporting device includes standpipe (13), returning charge valve (14) and returning charge inclined tube (15), under cyclone separator (10)
Portion's discharge gate is connected by standpipe (13) with returning charge valve (14) upper port；The outlet of returning charge valve (14) side passes through returning charge inclined tube
(15) it is connect with riser (8) return port；Returning charge valve (14) other side is provided with returning charge indentation mouth, and returning charge is pressed into mouth and returning charge
System connection；The design of returning charge valve (14) bottom has discharge port (16).
6. it is according to claim 5 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, returning charge valve (14) is L-type valve.
7. it is according to claim 5 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, further include filter (11) and feeding chamber (12), cyclone separator (10) upper air vent and filter (11)
Centre entrance is connected.Filter (11) upper outlet is connect with backheat subsystem；Cyclone separator (10) lower part discharge gate with plus
One entrance of feed bin (12) top is connected；Filter (11) lower part discharge gate is connected with another entrance in feeding chamber (12) top；Charging
Storehouse (12) lower part is connected by standpipe (13) with returning charge valve (14) upper port.
8. it is according to claim 7 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, filter (11) and the diameter proportion of riser (8) are 1:(4-7).
9. it is according to claim 7 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, being provided with graphite wound gasket piece and sintered metal net in the top end cap of filter (11).
10. it is according to claim 1 for testing the device of supercritical water recirculating fluidized bed Multiphase Flow and heat-transfer character,
It is characterized in that, being respectively arranged with graphite wound gasket piece in the upper end cover and lower cover of riser (8), the lower cover of riser (8) is also
Equipped with air distribution plate.
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