CN109988549A - Add the fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof of sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing - Google Patents
Add the fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof of sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of fracturing fluids for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, the fracturing fluid is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.2~0.35g:0.2~0.35g:0.5~2.0g:0.05~0.2g:100L；The preparation method is as follows: (1) is built with liquid pool；(2) to water is added in liquid pool；(3) above-mentioned thickening agent is added to in liquid pool, is stirred while adding；(4) above-mentioned expansion-resisting agent is added in above-mentioned mixed solution, and stirred；(5) above-mentioned crosslinking agent and gel breaker are added in the mixed solution of step (4) to get fracturing fluid is arrived.Have good outstanding grittiness energy, anti-dilative and breaking glue solution residue content low using fracturing fluid prepared by method of the invention, adds sand operating environment suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to hydraulic fracturing technology fields, and in particular to one kind is suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and adds sand operation
Fracturing fluid and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
With the fast development of China's economic and the requirement of low-carbon economy, natural gas consumption demand will be increasing, makees
Exploitation for the important supplement of conventional gas, the Unconventional gas such as coal bed gas, shale gas will more be taken seriously.
In coal mine field, it is anti-reflection to be widely used in coal seam using hydraulic fracturing as the waterpower measure of representative, to improve coal
The extracting result of layer gas.But as being continuously increased for mining depth generates coal seam under high-ground stress effect after hydraulic fracturing
Gap can re-close, and so anti-reflection measure of conventional hydraulic pressure break is no longer satisfied the demand of coal mine, it would be highly desirable to need coal mine
Lower hydraulic fracturing adds sand new technology, to meet the antireflective needs in coal seam under the new situation.And develop the pressure suitable for underground coal mine
Liquid is split, proppant can be carried into cracks in coal seam, is the most important thing of the technology.Underground coal mine not yet forms waterpower pressure at present
It splits plus sand technology, the ground fracturing in only shale gas field adds sand technology maturation application.However hydraulic fracturing adds sand technology different
In ground, oil-gas field fracturing adds sand technology, and coal mine underground fracturing adds sand mainly to consider following factor:
(1) underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing drilling is generally up-hole, it is desirable that fracturing sand must not be sunken to fracturing fluid bottom, need
Want high density fracturing liquid and low-density fracturing sand；(2) it is generally comprised in Seam Roof And Floor limestone containing a large amount of clay, there are chance water
The characteristic of expansion；(3) underground coal mine narrow space, fracturing unit is limited, not can be carried out on a large scale with liquid, big flow pressure break, only
It can be carried out low discharge capacity and add sand；(4) the collection processing that underground coal mine does not have big space return drain, it is therefore desirable to fracturing fluid tool
Standby higher environmental requirement, cannot directly there is big influence to coal mine water source after breaking gel.Although as it can be seen that the pressure break in shale gas field
The application of liquid has tended to be mature, but in view of the characteristic of underground coal mine, cannot use for reference the formula of its fracturing fluid completely, then needs another
The fracturing fluid system for adding sand operation suitable for the hydraulic fracturing of underground coal mine is developed outside.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above shortcomings existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind to be suitable for underground coal mine water
The fracturing fluid of power fracturing sand feeding operation, the fracturing fluid have good outstanding grittiness energy, anti-dilative and breaking glue solution residue content low, fit
Add sand operating environment for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a kind of add sand suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing
The fracturing fluid of operation, the fracturing fluid are grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, described thick
Agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.2~0.35g:0.2~0.35g:0.5~2.0g:
0.05~0.2g:100L.
Further, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.2~0.3g:0.2
~0.32g:1.0~2.0g:0.1~0.2g:100L.
Further, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.25g:0.25g:
1.5g:0.15g:100L.
Further, the thickening agent is the mixture of guar gum or polyacrylamide or acrylamide and acrylic acid, described
The mass ratio of acrylamide and acrylic acid is 3:1；The crosslinking agent is glycine betaine or borax or boric acid or ethylenediamine and epoxy chlorine
The mass ratio of the mixture of propane, the ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane is 5:16；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride or calcium chloride
Or magnesium chloride；The gel breaker is the mixture or ferric sulfate or chromium sulfate of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt, the persulfuric acid
Ammonium and the mass ratio of compound amine salt are 1:1.
Further, the compound amine salt is low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
The preparation method of the above-mentioned fracturing fluid for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, includes the following steps:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) water is added in matching liquid pool using underground water system；
(3) above-mentioned thickening agent is added to in liquid pool, is stirred while adding, stir 60~90min；
(4) in the mixed solution for obtaining above-mentioned expansion-resisting agent addition step (3), and 70~100min is stirred；
(5) above-mentioned crosslinking agent and gel breaker are added in the mixed solution of step (4) to get fracturing fluid is arrived.
It is compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
The fracturing fluid prepared using method of the invention has good outstanding grittiness energy, so that the agent of low-density ceramsite sand is more
It is easily accessible coal seam, the sand time is hanged up to 12 hours or more, meets the technique that underground coal mine upward hole hydraulic fracturing adds sand operation
And time requirement, and the fracturing fluid prevents swollen performance with good, clay chance water is swollen during can be avoided coal mine underground fracturing
The problem of squeezing gap after swollen, gap is caused to re-close, effectively maintains the size in pressure break gap；The fracturing fluid is good simultaneously
Broken colloidality energy, can avoid the influence of the excessively high fracture flow conductivity of residue content, and it is low to coal mine pollution of waterhead, can after pressure break
Direct emission simplifies underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and adds sand process flow.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of pressure break liquid and preparation method thereof of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Combined with specific embodiments below, the present invention is described in detail.
One, preparation is suitable for the fracturing fluid that underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing adds sand operation
Embodiment 1
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.25g:
0.25g:1.5g:0.15g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is made of mixed acrylamide and acrylic acid that mass ratio is 3:1
Close object；The crosslinking agent is glycine betaine, and its chemical name is trimethyl second lactones；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride；The broken glue
The mixture that agent is made of the ammonium persulfate that mass ratio is 1:1 and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) above-mentioned acrylamide and acrylic acid mixture are added to in liquid pool, side be added lateral dominance negative pressure equipment into
Row pneumatic stirring stirs 60min, it is ensured that is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed solution；Thickening agent acrylamide and acrylic acid mixture add
Fashionable needs are slowly added into, and prevent thickening agent from forming floccule in water, so that the fracturing fluid of preparation is passing through pump conveying
When block pipeline.
(4) above-mentioned potassium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 70min；
(5) by above-mentioned trimethyl second lactone and above-mentioned ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1 mixture
It is added in the mixed solution of step (4) by CBZY55/0.5 coal bed gas mulling supercharging device to get fracturing fluid is arrived.
Embodiment 2
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.2g:
0.2g:0.5g:0.05g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is polyacrylamide；The crosslinking agent is borax；The expansion-resisting agent
For calcium chloride；The gel breaker is ferric sulfate.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) above-mentioned polyacrylamide is added to in liquid pool, side is added lateral dominance and carries out pneumatic stirring with negative pressure equipment, stirs
Mix 90min, it is ensured that be uniformly mixed, obtain mixed solution；It needs to be slowly added into when thickening agent polyacrylamide is added, prevents from being thickened
Agent forms floccule in water, so that the fracturing fluid of preparation blocks pipeline when conveying by pump.
(4) above-mentioned calcium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 100min；
(5) above-mentioned borax and above-mentioned ferric sulfate are added to step by CBZY55/0.5 coal bed gas mulling supercharging device
(4) in mixed solution to get arrive fracturing fluid.
Embodiment 3
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.35g:
0.35g:2.0g:0.2g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is guar gum, and its chemical name is guar hydroxypropyltrimonium chlorine
Change ammonium；The mixture that the crosslinking agent is made of the ethylenediamine that mass ratio is 5:16 and epoxychloropropane；The expansion-resisting agent is chlorine
Change magnesium；The gel breaker chromium sulfate.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) above-mentioned guar gum is added to in liquid pool, side is added lateral dominance and carries out pneumatic stirring with negative pressure equipment, stirs
75min, it is ensured that be uniformly mixed, obtain mixed solution；It needs to be slowly added into when thickening agent guar gum is added, prevents thickening agent in water
Middle formation floccule, so that the fracturing fluid of preparation blocks pipeline when conveying by pump.
(4) above-mentioned magnesium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 90min；
(5) mixture that above-mentioned ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane form is passed through into the coal seam CBZY55/0.5 with above-mentioned chromium sulfate
Gas mulling supercharging device is added in the mixed solution of step (4) to arrive fracturing fluid.
Embodiment 4
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.3g:
0.32g:1.0g:0.1g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is by the acrylamide that mass ratio is 3:1 and the mixing that acrylic acid forms
Object；The crosslinking agent is boric acid；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride；The gel breaker is by the ammonium persulfate that mass ratio is 1:1 and again
Close the mixture of amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1 composition.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) mixture that above-mentioned acrylamide and acrylic acid form is added to in liquid pool, lateral dominance negative pressure is added in side
Equipment carries out pneumatic stirring, stirs 70min, it is ensured that is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed solution；Thickening agent acrylamide and acrylic acid group
At mixture be added when need be slowly added into, prevent thickening agent from forming floccule in water so that preparation fracturing fluid
Pipeline is blocked when conveying by pump.
(4) above-mentioned potassium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 85min；
(5) above-mentioned boric acid and above-mentioned ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent the SDP-1 mixture formed are led to
CBZY55/0.5 coal bed gas mulling supercharging device is crossed to be added in the mixed solution of step (4) to get fracturing fluid is arrived.
Embodiment 5
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.2g:
0.35g:1.5g:0.18g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is made of mixed acrylamide and acrylic acid that mass ratio is 3:1
Close object；The crosslinking agent is glycine betaine, and its chemical name is trimethyl second lactones；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride；The broken glue
The mixture that agent is made of the ammonium persulfate that mass ratio is 1:1 and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) mixture that above-mentioned acrylamide and acrylic acid form is added to in liquid pool, lateral dominance negative pressure is added in side
Equipment carries out pneumatic stirring, stirs 80min, it is ensured that is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed solution；Thickening agent acrylamide and acrylic acid group
At mixture be added when need be slowly added into, prevent thickening agent from forming floccule in water so that preparation fracturing fluid
Pipeline is blocked when conveying by pump.
(4) above-mentioned potassium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 85min；
(5) above-mentioned trimethyl second lactone and above-mentioned ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1 are formed
Mixture is added in the mixed solution of step (4) to arrive fracturing fluid by CBZY55/0.5 coal bed gas mulling supercharging device.
Embodiment 6
A kind of fracturing fluid adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, is grouped as by following group: thickening agent, crosslinking
Agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.35g:
0.35g:1.5g:0.20g:100L.Wherein, the thickening agent is made of mixed acrylamide and acrylic acid that mass ratio is 3:1
Close object；The mixture that the crosslinking agent is made of the ethylenediamine that mass ratio is 5:16 and epoxychloropropane；The expansion-resisting agent is chlorine
Change potassium；The mixing that the gel breaker is made of the ammonium persulfate that mass ratio is 1:1 and compound amine salt low-temp activation agent SDP-1
Object.
Specific preparation process is as follows for it:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) using underground water system with addition water 100L in liquid pool；
(3) mixture that above-mentioned acrylamide and acrylic acid form is added to in liquid pool, lateral dominance negative pressure is added in side
Equipment carries out pneumatic stirring, stirs 65min, it is ensured that is uniformly mixed, obtains mixed solution；Thickening agent acrylamide and acrylic acid group
At mixture be added when need be slowly added into, prevent thickening agent from forming floccule in water so that preparation fracturing fluid
Pipeline is blocked when conveying by pump.
(4) above-mentioned potassium chloride is added in the mixed solution of step (3), and stirs 95min；
(5) mixture and above-mentioned ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt low temperature for forming above-mentioned ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane
The mixing that the mixture of activator SDP-1 composition is added to step (4) by CBZY55/0.5 coal bed gas mulling supercharging device is molten
In liquid to get arrive fracturing fluid.
Two, the fracturing fluid property test prepared
2.1) sand performance test is hanged
Under normal temperature and pressure conditions, 40-70 mesh low-density ceramsite sand is put into respectively and fills clear water and embodiment 1-6 system
In the graduated cylinder of standby fracturing fluid, record low-density ceramsite sand is sink to the time of graduated cylinder bottom, the results are shown in Table 1:
The outstanding sand the performance test results of the fracturing fluid of 1 embodiment 1-6 of table preparation
As known from Table 1, had using fracturing fluid prepared by method of the invention and hang sand ability well, after standing 12h, be in
Now suspend uniformly, without obvious sedimentation the phenomenon that, facilitate low-density ceramsite sand and preferably enter coal seam gap to be supported, and existing
Field hydraulic fracturing adds sand technique whole flow process to be usually no more than 8 hours, thus the fracturing fluid can satisfy underground coal mine water and force
Split the requirement for adding sand operation.
2.2) prevent swollen performance test
Fracturing fluid prepared by embodiment 1-6 is carried out preventing swollen performance test using linear expansion method, 2g coal sample is taken to be placed in 8
In the identical centrifuge tube of size, fracturing fluid, kerosene and deionization that embodiment 1-6 is prepared are separately added into each centrifuge tube
Water, mixing shake up, and stand 2h；Anti-dilative calculates according to the following formula:
In formula: B-anti-dilative, %；
H2Swelling volume of-coal the heart in clear water, mL；
H1Swelling volume of-coal the heart in expansion-resisting agent solution, mL；
H0Swelling volume of-coal the heart in kerosin, mL；
It the results are shown in Table 2:
The fracturing fluid of 2 embodiment 1-6 of table preparation prevents swollen the performance test results
As known from Table 2, the anti-dilative of the fracturing fluid prepared using method of the invention is had between 75%-78.6%
Good preventive effect of expansion facilitates the size for maintaining pressure break gap, avoids in coal measure strata after clay water-swellable to extrusion slot
Gap causes gap to re-close.
2.3) glue performance test is broken
The embodiment 1-6 fracturing fluid prepared is put into 20 DEG C of water-baths, to carry out residue content measurement after breaking gel completely, is pressed
According to the measurement standard of residue content in " SY/T5107-2016 aqueous fracturing fluid method of evaluating performance ", it the results are shown in Table 3:
The broken glue the performance test results of the fracturing fluid of 3 embodiment 1-6 of table preparation
| Number | Residue content (mg/L) |
| Embodiment 1 | 28 |
| Embodiment 2 | 28.5 |
| Embodiment 3 | 27.5 |
| Embodiment 4 | 28 |
| Embodiment 5 | 29 |
| Embodiment 6 | 27 |
As known from Table 3, the fracturing liquid rubber-breaking liquid residue content average out to 28mg/L prepared using the method for the present invention is compared general
For logical guanidine gum fracturing fluid residue content between 300-600mg/L, which belongs to extremely low residue Fracture Fluid, significantly reduces pressure
Breaking glue solution residue blocks Reservoir Fracture and injures afterwards, the influence for avoiding residue content excessively high to post-fracturing fracture condudtiviy,
And it is lower to coal mine pollution of waterhead, after pressure break can direct emission, simplify underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and add sand process flow.
The fracturing fluid prepared using method of the invention can throw Chongqing new energy pine algal coal mine -225m level for the first time in Chongqing
It has carried out underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing and has added sand test, tested 5 holes altogether, during test, carried out fracturing fluid preparation in low-pressure end
And mulling work, what fracturing fluid system can be smooth passes through pressure break pump group, average single hole indentation liquid measure 50m3, it is pressed into sand amount
1000kg, pressure break coverage improve 40~60% up to 70~80m, compared with riverfrac treatment, and the single hole extraction scale that is averaged 0.1~
0.14m3/ min improves 20~30% compared with riverfrac treatment, illustrates the superiority of fracturing fluid, shows that the fracturing fluid can be complete
It is suitable for coal mine underground fracturing entirely and adds sand operating environment.
Finally, it is stated that the above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to compared with
Good embodiment describes the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can be to skill of the invention
Art scheme is modified or replaced equivalently, and without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention, should all be covered at this
In the scope of the claims of invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of fracturing fluid for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that the fracturing fluid is by as follows
Group is grouped as: thickening agent, crosslinking agent, expansion-resisting agent, gel breaker and water, the thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: gel breaker and water
Mass volume ratio be 0.2~0.35g:0.2~0.35g:0.5~2.0g:0.05~0.2g:100L.
2. the fracturing fluid according to claim 1 for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that institute
State thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water be 0.2~0.3g:0.2~0.32g:1.0~
2.0g:0.1~0.2g:100L.
3. the fracturing fluid according to claim 2 for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that institute
State thickening agent: crosslinking agent: expansion-resisting agent: the mass volume ratio of gel breaker and water is 0.25g:0.25g:1.5g:0.15g:100L.
4. the fracturing fluid according to claim 1 for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that institute
State the mixture that thickening agent is guar gum or polyacrylamide or acrylamide and acrylic acid, the acrylamide and acrylic acid
Mass ratio is 3:1；The crosslinking agent is the mixture of glycine betaine or borax or boric acid or ethylenediamine and epoxychloropropane, the second
The mass ratio of diamines and epoxychloropropane is 5:16；The expansion-resisting agent is potassium chloride or calcium chloride or magnesium chloride；The gel breaker
For the mixture or ferric sulfate or chromium sulfate of ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt, the quality of the ammonium persulfate and compound amine salt
Than for 1:1.
5. the fracturing fluid according to claim 4 for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing, which is characterized in that institute
Stating compound amine salt is low-temp activation agent SDP-1.
6. a kind of preparation of the fracturing fluid a method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5 for adding sand operation suitable for underground coal mine hydraulic fracturing
Method, which comprises the steps of:
(1) it builds in underground coal mine with liquid pool, amount of capacity is depending on flow needed for coal bed fracturing；
(2) water is added in matching liquid pool using underground water system；
(3) above-mentioned thickening agent is added to in liquid pool, is stirred while adding, stir 60~90min；
(4) in the mixed solution for obtaining above-mentioned expansion-resisting agent addition step (3), and 70~100min is stirred；
(5) above-mentioned crosslinking agent and gel breaker are added in the mixed solution of step (4) to get fracturing fluid is arrived.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112625669A (en) * | 2020-12-03 | 2021-04-09 | 吕晓艳 | Crosslinking agent for oil field |
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Application publication date: 20190709 |