Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail and completely with reference to the following specific embodiments of the present application and the accompanying drawings. It should be apparent that the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In the prior art, in order to reduce user waiting time, online content data is generally pre-stored. When online display/play is needed, online display/play can be started immediately only by directly calling the pre-stored online content data and carrying out data loading, and online data loading is not needed first, and then online display/play is started. Since the local data call takes much less time than the online data transfer, the latency is greatly reduced. However, the pre-storing behavior for the online content data inevitably occupies data processing and network transmission resources, which may affect the operation of other data processing and network transmission processes, and ultimately reduce the user experience in other application scenarios.
In view of the foregoing problems, embodiments of the present specification provide a data pre-storing method. In order to provide the method of the embodiment of the present specification, in the embodiment of the present specification, refinement analysis is performed on an application scene displayed/played on line, a data range required to be prestored in the application scene is determined, and a target range of data prestoring is defined in a targeted manner, so that the data amount of the data required to be prestored is reduced, and thus, the consumption of data processing and network transmission resources is reduced, and further, the influence of prestoring operation on other data processing and network transmission processes is reduced.
Further, in an actual application scenario, when the user does not perform online presentation/playing on the pre-stored online content data, the pre-storing operation performed before is equivalent to a useless operation, which may result in waste of data processing and network transmission resources. In order to avoid the waste of data processing and network transmission resources, the most direct solution is to ensure that the pre-stored online content data occupying the data processing and network transmission resources is reasonably utilized. However, in many application scenarios, there is uncontrollable behavior of the user, and the item that the user wants to watch and/or listen to cannot be predicted accurately in advance, so it cannot be guaranteed that the pre-stored online content data will be loaded and displayed/played.
In view of the above problems, in the embodiment of the present specification, a detailed analysis is performed on an online display/play application scenario, and when a data range required to be pre-stored is determined for the detailed application scenario, online content data with a high possibility of becoming a display/play target is predicted, so that data processing and network transmission resource consumption by a data pre-storing operation is reduced, and meanwhile, the probability of wasting the data processing and network transmission resource is reduced.
Further, in an application scenario of online display/play, since the online resources contain more content, the local device cannot display all the content at one time. Therefore, one of the more common application scenarios is to present a part of content in the current screen, and when the content presented on the current screen does not include content that is of interest to the user, the content presented on the current screen is changed according to a user operation, and new content is presented to the user.
In the above application scenario, after the content displayed on the screen is transformed, if the online content data is to be displayed/played, the displayed/played online content data has a high probability of being directly associated with the screen display content after the transformation of the display content is performed. Therefore, if the corresponding online content data is pre-stored for the screen display content after the screen display content conversion is executed, the pre-stored data has a high probability of being displayed/played.
Based on the above analysis, in an embodiment of the present specification, the on-line content data is pre-stored for the screen display content after the display content transformation is performed. Therefore, the selection range of the pre-stored target is narrowed, the data volume to be pre-stored is reduced, and the probability of displaying/playing the pre-stored data is improved. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present specification, when performing pre-storage of corresponding online content data for the screen display content after the display content conversion is performed, the pre-stored object may be online content data corresponding to all the screen display content after the display content conversion is performed, or may be online content data corresponding to a part of the screen display content after the display content conversion is performed. The specific pre-stored target range may need to be further confirmed according to the specific application scenario.
Further, according to human behavior characteristics, generally, when a human performs some actions, the human can express information such as current mood and attitude in action details. That is to say, in an application scenario including the presentation content transformation, when a user triggers the presentation content transformation through a specific user operation behavior, the user operation behavior may reflect information such as mood and attitude of the user for the presentation content transformation to some extent. That is to say, in some application scenarios, the user triggers the operation details of the presentation content conversion, so that the viewing will of the user for the screen presentation content after the presentation content conversion is performed can be reflected to a certain extent.
Based on the above analysis, in an embodiment of the present specification, in an application scenario including a presentation content transformation, not only is it monitored whether a user operation behavior triggers the presentation content transformation, but also when the user operation behavior triggers the presentation content transformation, details of the user operation behavior are analyzed in detail, so as to determine a user's viewing intention. And determining pre-storage judgment for the content displayed in the screen after the displayed content conversion is finished according to the user intention. And finally, performing corresponding pre-storing operation according to the determined execution parameters, and ensuring that the pre-stored online content data is online content data with relatively high display/play probability as much as possible.
Specifically, in an embodiment, the pre-storing determination includes a pre-storing range limit and/or a pre-storing confirmation determination, wherein the pre-storing range limit is used for describing "which data needs to be pre-stored" and/or "how large amount of data needs to be pre-stored", and the pre-storing confirmation determination is used for describing "whether to pre-store for a specific target". For example, in an application scenario, when the viewing will embodied by the user is not strong, the pre-stored target range is narrowed, and only a part of general description content or the beginning part of the display content is pre-stored (the pre-stored range is determined to be limited); alternatively, the preliminary storing operation (determination of preliminary storing confirmation determination) is not performed.
Further, in the method according to the embodiment of the present specification, in order to simplify the analysis process, details of the user operation behavior are expressed in a quantized manner, and then a correspondence between quantized values of the user operation behavior and pre-stored decisions is established. This eliminates the need to analyze the user's intention and make a pre-storage decision on the spot each time a presentation content change is triggered. Specifically, behavior characteristics used for describing user operation behaviors are set, for example, for a click behavior, corresponding behavior characteristic parameters are click strength and click speed; for finger sliding behavior, the corresponding behavior characteristics are sliding distance, sliding speed/acceleration, and the like. Behavior characteristics are collected when the display content transformation is triggered, and then the judgment result of pre-storage judgment can be directly determined based on the pre-established corresponding relation.
The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present description are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the method includes the following steps.
S110, monitoring whether the display content conversion is triggered;
s120, when the display content transformation is triggered, acquiring behavior characteristics of a user operation behavior triggering the display content transformation;
s130, pre-storing judgment is carried out according to the behavior characteristics, and the pre-storing judgment comprises pre-storing range limitation and/or pre-storing confirmation judgment;
s131, determining an execution parameter of the pre-storing operation according to a pre-storing judgment result;
and S140, pre-storing corresponding online content data according to the determined execution parameters and aiming at the screen display content after the display content conversion is executed.
In the above method flow, the result of the pre-storing determination is determined by the behavior characteristics of the user operation behavior triggering the display content transformation. When the user triggers the display content conversion, the behavior characteristics of the user operation behavior can reflect the current watching desire of the user to a certain extent. Therefore, the pre-storage determination is carried out based on the behavior characteristics of the user operation behaviors, the execution parameters of the pre-storage operation are determined according to the pre-storage determination result, and finally the online content data is pre-stored according to the determined execution parameters, so that the content data can be regarded as being pre-stored in a targeted manner based on the watching intention of the user. Therefore, the pre-storing target range can be reduced, and the pre-stored data volume is reduced, so that the data processing and network transmission resources occupied by the pre-storing of the online content data are reduced, and the influence of the pre-storing operation on other processes is reduced.
Meanwhile, the pre-stored online content data is pre-stored in a targeted manner based on the watching desire of the user, so that the display/play probability of the pre-stored online content data is greatly improved. This greatly reduces the chances of data processing and wasted network transmission resources.
Further, in a practical application scenario involving a screen touch operation, a finger sliding behavior of a user on a screen is generally set as a user operation behavior triggering a presentation content change. When the user performs the finger sliding behavior, the detailed behavior characteristic parameters such as the speed/acceleration and the sliding distance of the finger sliding on the screen can reflect the current psychological state of the user. For example, the user continuously and rapidly slides the finger to change the screen display content, which indicates that the user has little interest in the current screen display content.
Therefore, based on the above analysis, in an embodiment of the present specification, the viewing will of the user is analyzed according to the detailed behavior characteristic parameters such as the speed/acceleration of the finger sliding on the screen, the sliding distance, and the like.
Further, in many application scenarios, since the sliding distance of the finger sliding behavior is limited by conditions such as the screen size and the operation posture, the degree of association between the sliding distance and the viewing intention of the user cannot be ensured. Thus, in one embodiment, the user's viewing intent is analyzed in terms of the speed/acceleration at which the finger is slid on the screen. Specifically, the larger the value of the slip velocity and/or the acceleration is, the smaller the interest level of the user in the content displayed after the display content conversion is performed (the user is highly likely to convert the display content at will without any explicit target).
Further, it is considered that the speed and/or acceleration of the user's finger during the slip is generally a variable. Therefore, to minimize the data processing process, in one embodiment, the finger velocity and/or acceleration at a given time node is collected from the finger slip process.
Further, it is considered that during finger sliding, the last time node (finger stops sliding and leaves the screen) is better determined than the other time nodes. Thus, in one embodiment:
acquiring behavior characteristics of a user operation behavior triggering the display content transformation when the display content transformation is triggered, wherein in the process of acquiring the behavior characteristics, the speed and/or the acceleration at the end of the sliding are/is the speed and/or the acceleration of the finger leaving the screen after the finger sliding behavior triggering the display content transformation is ended;
in the pre-storing determination process according to the behavior characteristics, pre-storing determination is performed according to the slip ending speed and/or the acceleration.
Further, in practical application scenarios, there are many different screen display modes. For different display modes, the modes of calling/loading data of different content types are different when the data are displayed/played online. Based on the above analysis, in order to obtain the optimal pre-storing effect, in an embodiment, the pre-storing determination is performed according to the content type included in the screen display content after the display content transformation is performed. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment:
the method further includes step S250 of determining a content type included in the screen display content after the display content conversion is performed;
in step S230, in the process of performing the pre-storing determination according to the behavior characteristics, the pre-storing determination is performed according to the behavior characteristics based on the content type included in the screen display content after the display content conversion is performed, and the execution parameters of the pre-storing operation are determined according to the pre-storing determination result.
Furthermore, in an actual application scene, one of application scenes is that video/audio is played on line in a screen, when a user is not interested in the currently played video/audio, display content conversion is triggered by sliding fingers, the local equipment converts the display content, and a next video/audio is automatically played on line after the display content conversion is executed.
For the application scenario, in an embodiment, in order to reduce the user waiting time between the execution of the display content transformation and the smooth playing of the video/audio, the pre-stored object for performing data pre-storage is the online video/audio displayed after the execution of the display content transformation. Specifically, when the display content conversion is triggered, the on-line video/audio displayed after the display content conversion is executed is prestored.
Further, in a practical application scenario, when the viewing will of the user is not high, the duration of the user viewing/listening to the online video/audio is not long. That is, after the display content conversion is completed and the online playing is automatically performed, if the watching desire of the user is not high, the user will trigger the new display content conversion after the online video/audio is played for a short time, and the device will play the new online video/audio.
In addition, in an actual application scenario, when playing video/audio data, a complete video/audio data file does not need to be loaded, but a mode of loading a part of the video/audio data file and playing a part of the video/audio data file can be adopted. Therefore, in the application scene of pre-storing and playing the video/audio data, the complete video/audio data file does not need to be pre-stored completely, and only the data corresponding to the part of the clip which needs to be played by the user needs to be pre-stored.
Based on the above analysis, in an embodiment, the watching desire of the user is analyzed according to the behavior characteristics of the user, so as to presume the expected playing time of the online video/audio displayed after the conversion of the displayed content is completed, and further determine the length of the online video/audio segment required to be pre-stored.
Specifically, in an embodiment, when the online video/audio presented after the presented content conversion is performed is pre-stored, the pre-storage range is limited according to the behavior characteristics. Specifically, the pre-storage range limit when pre-storing the on-line video/audio content displayed after the display content conversion is executed is determined according to the behavior characteristics. The pre-storage range limit can be a pre-storage time length (playing time of the pre-stored online video/audio clip), or a pre-storage percentage (percentage of the pre-stored online video/audio clip to the complete online video/audio), or a pre-storage data volume (size of storage space occupied by the pre-stored online video/audio clip), corresponding to different application scene requirements.
Specifically, in one embodiment, when the user slides the finger to trigger the display content conversion, if the speed and/or acceleration of the end of the sliding of the user's finger is too high, it is regarded that the user has no strong viewing will. Specifically, based on the following formula:
pre-storing time length as slip ending speed or acceleration multiplied by a; (1)
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
prestoring the percentage as slip ending speed or acceleration x b; (2)
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
pre-storing data quantity as slip ending speed or acceleration x c; (3)
a prestored range limit is determined. In equations 1 to 3, a, b, and c are constants preset according to the analysis result of the user habit.
Further, in the actual application scenario, one of the application scenarios further included is to display an item introduction corresponding to an item included in the online resource in the screen, the user determines an item that the user wants to view according to the item introduction and performs a selection operation, and the device displays/plays the corresponding online content data according to the operation of the user. When the online resources contain too many items and the local equipment cannot display all item introductions at one time, the local equipment displays a part of the item introductions in the same screen, triggers display content transformation based on the operation of a user, and displays new item introductions after the display content transformation is executed.
In an application scene, a plurality of item introductions are displayed on a current screen, a user determines and selects one of the item introductions which is interested in the user according to the item introductions, and then the device displays/plays online content data corresponding to the selected item. If the user finds that the item introduction currently presented in the screen is not of interest, the presentation content transformation is triggered (for example, the user performs the operations of sliding the screen, sliding the item introduction list, and the like) to cause the local device to present the new item introduction.
For the above application scenario, in an embodiment, in order to reduce the user waiting time between the selection of the item and the presentation/playing of the online content data, the pre-stored object for data pre-storing is the online content data corresponding to the item introduction. Specifically, when the display content transformation is triggered, the online content data corresponding to the item introduction displayed when the display content transformation is executed is prestored.
Further, in an actual application scenario, when the viewing will of the user is not high, after the user has viewed the item introduction, the probability of further viewing the online content data corresponding to the item introduction is very low. In this case, it is not necessary to pre-store the online content data corresponding to the item introduction. Therefore, in an embodiment, when the pre-storage confirmation determination is performed according to the behavior characteristics, it is determined whether to pre-store the online content data corresponding to the item introduction that is displayed after the display content transformation is performed according to the behavior characteristics.
Specifically, in one embodiment, when the user slides the finger to trigger the display content conversion, if the speed and/or acceleration of the end of the sliding of the user's finger is too high, it is regarded that the user has no strong viewing will. Specifically, when the display content conversion is triggered, the slip ending speed and/or the slip ending acceleration are/is acquired, and when the slip ending speed and/or the slip ending acceleration are/is greater than a preset threshold value, the pre-storage confirmation is set to be determined as follows: online content data corresponding to the displayed item introduction is not prestored after the displayed content conversion is performed. The preset threshold in the above process is determined according to analysis of user habits in a specific application scenario.
Further, in an actual application scenario, the online content data corresponding to the item introduction may be online video/audio. When the user selects the item corresponding to the item introduction, the watching desire of the user can influence the playing time length of the subsequent online video/audio. That is, when a user selects an item to introduce a corresponding item, the device starts playing the corresponding online video/audio online. If the user's previous viewing will not be high, there is a high probability that the user will trigger a new presentation change after the online video/audio is played briefly.
Based on the above analysis, in an embodiment, when the pre-storing determination is performed according to the behavior characteristics, the pre-storing range limitation when the online video/audio content corresponding to the item introduction displayed after the displayed content transformation is performed is determined according to the behavior characteristics. The pre-storage range limit can be a pre-storage time length (playing time of the pre-stored online video/audio clip), or a pre-storage percentage (percentage of the pre-stored online video/audio clip to the complete online video/audio), or a pre-storage data volume (size of storage space occupied by the pre-stored online video/audio clip), corresponding to different application scene requirements.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, in one embodiment, the method includes the following steps.
S310, monitoring whether the display content conversion is triggered;
s320, when the display content transformation is triggered, obtaining the speed and/or the acceleration of the end of the sliding of the finger sliding behavior of the user triggering the display content transformation;
s330, judging whether the speed and/or the acceleration at the end of the slippage is greater than a preset threshold value;
s331, if the speed and/or the acceleration of the end of the sliding movement is/are larger than a preset threshold value, pre-storing corresponding online video/audio for the item introduction of the screen display after the display content conversion is executed is set;
s340, if the slip ending speed and/or the acceleration are less than or equal to a preset threshold value, determining a pre-storage range limit (a pre-storage time length, a pre-storage percentage or a pre-storage data volume) according to the slip ending speed and/or the acceleration;
and S350, pre-storing corresponding online video/audio aiming at the item introduction displayed after the display content transformation is executed based on the pre-storage range limit determined in the step S340.
It should be noted that, in the above embodiment, it is first determined whether the online video/audio corresponding to the item introduction needs to be pre-stored. In another embodiment, this step may be skipped, the determination of the pre-storing confirmation determination is not performed, and the online video/audio corresponding to the item introduction needs to be pre-stored by default, and the determination of the pre-storing range limitation is directly performed.
Further, in an embodiment, when the online content data corresponding to the item introduction is not only online video/audio data, corresponding pre-storage determination is performed for different data types respectively.
Furthermore, in the actual application scenario, one of the application scenarios further included is to display the online data with a hierarchical structure. Generally, the online data is divided into a plurality of content presentation layers having progressive relationships according to the hierarchical structure of the online data. When other materials are displayed on the current page, if the online materials need to be displayed, the displayed content transformation is triggered, the uppermost content display layer of the online materials is displayed after the displayed content transformation is executed, and then the lower content display layer is continuously and deeply displayed (or jump display is carried out among the content display layers) according to the clicking operation of the user.
For the above application scenario, in an embodiment, in order to reduce user waiting time required for jumping from the current content presentation layer to a deeper content presentation layer, the pre-stored object for data pre-storing is online content data of each content presentation layer. Specifically, when the display content conversion is triggered, the online content data corresponding to each content display layer of the online data displayed when the display content conversion is executed is prestored.
Furthermore, in practical application scenarios, when the user's viewing will is not high, the user has a low probability of viewing further deeper content display layers after viewing the top layer or layers of content display layers of the online data. In this case, it is not necessary to pre-store the deep content presentation layers of the online data (it is not necessary to pre-store the online content data corresponding to all the content presentation layers). Therefore, in an embodiment, when the pre-storing range is defined according to the behavior characteristics, the pre-storing depth when the layered display content is pre-stored after the display content conversion is performed is determined according to the behavior characteristics.
It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present specification, the pre-storage depth is a data pre-storage depth logically corresponding to a hierarchical structure of the data structure, and does not mean a real spatial distance. In one embodiment, the pre-stored depth refers to the number of content presentation layers that need to be pre-stored when the online data is divided into a plurality of content presentation layers logically, starting from the uppermost content presentation layer. In another embodiment, the pre-stored depth refers to a total data amount required to be pre-stored when the online data is divided into a plurality of content presentation layers logically, and the total data amount is calculated from the uppermost content presentation layer.
Specifically, in one embodiment, when the user slides the finger to trigger the display content conversion, if the speed and/or acceleration of the end of the sliding of the user's finger is too high, it is regarded that the user has no strong viewing will. In one embodiment, the pre-stored depth refers to the number of content presentation layers that need to be pre-stored when the online data is divided into a plurality of content presentation layers logically, starting from the uppermost content presentation layer. Based on the following formula:
pre-storing depth (INT (slip end speed or acceleration × d); (1)
a prestored range limit is determined. In another embodiment, the pre-stored depth refers to a total data amount required to be pre-stored when the online data is divided into a plurality of content presentation layers logically, and the total data amount is calculated from the uppermost content presentation layer. Based on the following formula:
prestoring depth as slip ending speed or acceleration × e; (2)
a prestored range limit is determined. In formulas 1 to 3, d and e are constants preset according to the analysis result of the user habit.
Further, based on the method in the embodiment of the present specification, a system for pre-storing data is further provided in the embodiment of the present specification. Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in an embodiment, the system includes:
a behavior feature collection module 420 configured to collect behavior features of a user operation behavior when the user operation behavior triggers a presentation content transformation;
a pre-storing configuration module 430 configured to perform pre-storing determination according to the behavior characteristics, the pre-storing determination including pre-storing confirmation determination and/or pre-storing range limitation, and determine execution parameters of pre-storing operation according to the result of the pre-storing determination; (ii) a
The pre-storing module 440 is configured to pre-store the corresponding online content data for the screen display content after the display content transformation is performed according to the execution parameters determined by the pre-storing configuration module 430.
Further, in one embodiment:
the behavior feature acquisition module 420 is configured to acquire a slip ending speed and/or acceleration, which is a speed and/or acceleration of the finger when the finger leaves the screen after the finger slip behavior triggering the display content transformation ends;
the pre-store configuration module 430 is configured to make pre-store determinations based on the slip end speed and/or acceleration.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, in an embodiment, the system further includes a display target analysis module 550, where the display target analysis module 550 is configured to determine a content type included in the screen display content after the display content transformation is performed; the pre-storing configuration module 530 is configured to perform pre-storing determination according to the behavior characteristics based on the content type included in the screen display content after the display content transformation is performed.
Based on the method of the embodiment, the embodiment of the present specification also provides a computer readable medium, on which computer readable instructions are stored, and the computer readable instructions can be executed by a processor to realize the method of the embodiment of the present specification.
Based on the method of the embodiments of the present specification, the embodiments of the present specification also propose an apparatus for information processing at a user equipment side, the apparatus including a memory for storing computer program instructions and a processor for executing the program instructions, wherein when the computer program instructions are executed by the processor, the apparatus is triggered to execute the method of the embodiments of the present specification.
In the 90 s of the 20 th century, improvements in a technology could clearly distinguish between improvements in hardware (e.g., improvements in circuit structures such as diodes, transistors, switches, etc.) and improvements in software (improvements in process flow). However, as technology advances, many of today's process flow improvements have been seen as direct improvements in hardware circuit architecture. Designers almost always obtain the corresponding hardware circuit structure by programming an improved method flow into the hardware circuit. Thus, it cannot be said that an improvement in the process flow cannot be realized by hardware physical modules. For example, a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), such as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), is an integrated circuit whose Logic functions are determined by programming the Device by a user. A digital system is "integrated" on a PLD by the designer's own programming without requiring the chip manufacturer to design and fabricate application-specific integrated circuit chips. Furthermore, nowadays, instead of manually making an Integrated Circuit chip, such Programming is often implemented by "logic compiler" software, which is similar to a software compiler used in program development and writing, but the original code before compiling is also written by a specific Programming Language, which is called Hardware Description Language (HDL), and HDL is not only one but many, such as abel (advanced Boolean Expression Language), ahdl (alternate Hardware Description Language), traffic, pl (core universal Programming Language), HDCal (jhdware Description Language), lang, Lola, HDL, laspam, hardward Description Language (vhr Description Language), vhal (Hardware Description Language), and vhigh-Language, which are currently used in most common. It will also be apparent to those skilled in the art that hardware circuitry that implements the logical method flows can be readily obtained by merely slightly programming the method flows into an integrated circuit using the hardware description languages described above.
The controller may be implemented in any suitable manner, for example, the controller may take the form of, for example, a microprocessor or processor and a computer-readable medium storing computer-readable program code (e.g., software or firmware) executable by the (micro) processor, logic gates, switches, an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a programmable logic controller, and an embedded microcontroller, examples of which include, but are not limited to, the following microcontrollers: ARC 625D, Atmel AT91SAM, Microchip PIC18F26K20, and Silicone Labs C8051F320, the memory controller may also be implemented as part of the control logic for the memory. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that, in addition to implementing the controller as pure computer readable program code, the same functionality can be implemented by logically programming method steps such that the controller is in the form of logic gates, switches, application specific integrated circuits, programmable logic controllers, embedded microcontrollers and the like. Such a controller may thus be considered a hardware component, and the means included therein for performing the various functions may also be considered as a structure within the hardware component. Or even means for performing the functions may be regarded as being both a software module for performing the method and a structure within a hardware component.
The systems, devices, modules or units illustrated in the above embodiments may be implemented by a computer chip or an entity, or by a product with certain functions. One typical implementation device is a computer. In particular, the computer may be, for example, a personal computer, a laptop computer, a cellular telephone, a camera phone, a smartphone, a personal digital assistant, a media player, a navigation device, an email device, a game console, a tablet computer, a wearable device, or a combination of any of these devices.
For convenience of description, the above devices are described as being divided into various units by function, and are described separately. Of course, the functionality of the units may be implemented in one or more software and/or hardware when implementing the present application.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input/output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.
The memory may include forms of volatile memory in a computer readable medium, Random Access Memory (RAM) and/or non-volatile memory, such as Read Only Memory (ROM) or flash memory (flash RAM). Memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.
Computer-readable media, including both non-transitory and non-transitory, removable and non-removable media, may implement information storage by any method or technology. The information may be computer readable instructions, data structures, modules of a program, or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), Static Random Access Memory (SRAM), Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), other types of Random Access Memory (RAM), Read Only Memory (ROM), Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read only memory (CD-ROM), Digital Versatile Discs (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices, or any other non-transmission medium that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, a computer readable medium does not include a transitory computer readable medium such as a modulated data signal and a carrier wave.
It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The application may be described in the general context of computer-executable instructions, such as program modules, being executed by a computer. Generally, program modules include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures, etc. that perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. The application may also be practiced in distributed computing environments where tasks are performed by remote processing devices that are linked through a communications network. In a distributed computing environment, program modules may be located in both local and remote computer storage media including memory storage devices.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the system embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is simple, and for the relevant points, reference may be made to the partial description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only an example of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and changes may occur to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the scope of the claims of the present application.