CN109981582A - A kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain - Google Patents
A kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain Download PDFInfo
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- CN109981582A CN109981582A CN201910141547.6A CN201910141547A CN109981582A CN 109981582 A CN109981582 A CN 109981582A CN 201910141547 A CN201910141547 A CN 201910141547A CN 109981582 A CN109981582 A CN 109981582A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L63/00—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security
- H04L63/08—Network architectures or network communication protocols for network security for authentication of entities
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/10—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network
- H04L67/1097—Protocols in which an application is distributed across nodes in the network for distributed storage of data in networks, e.g. transport arrangements for network file system [NFS], storage area networks [SAN] or network attached storage [NAS]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L67/00—Network arrangements or protocols for supporting network services or applications
- H04L67/01—Protocols
- H04L67/12—Protocols specially adapted for proprietary or special-purpose networking environments, e.g. medical networks, sensor networks, networks in vehicles or remote metering networks
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying methods based on block chain, belong to internet of things field.This method is suitable for the authentication alliance block chain of internet of things equipment using emerging block chain technology building, in registration phase by internet of things equipment mark and public key to (ID, PK it) is stored in block chain in the form that block chain is traded, and the public key PK when authentication phase is using registration authenticates internet of things equipment mark ID.The present invention can not only reduce identifying procedure, authentication efficiency is improved, there is lower cost requirement to internet of things equipment, and be not rely on some specific third-party institution, it ensure that mark and public key to can not the distorting of (ID, PK), trackability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to internet of things field more particularly to a kind of internet of things equipment authentication sides based on block chain
Method.
Background technique
Block chain is a kind of data block to be combined into specific data knot according to chronological order in a manner of chain
Structure, and general ledger is shared in the decentralization for guaranteeing that data can not be distorted and can not be forged in the way of cryptography, it being capable of secure storage
Simply, the data information for having precedence relationship, being able to verify that.Block chain technology is verified and is stored using encryption chain type block structure
Data know together algorithm using distributed node to generate and more new data.
When internet of things equipment authentication refers to that internet of things equipment accesses Internet of things system, the identity to these equipment is needed
Identification identification is carried out, to confirm its legitimacy.Equipment certification is the first step of entire Internet of Things safety, for legitimate device, body
Part authentication mechanism allows it to access to carry out data communication and information exchange in Internet of Things with other equipment, and for illegality equipment,
ID authentication mechanism limits it and accesses in Internet of Things, to avoid its bring security risk.
Currently, being broadly divided into certification based on symmetric key to internet of things equipment certificate scheme, based on Public Key Infrastructure
Certification and identity-based id password certification.Certification based on symmetric key needs preset shared symmetric key, there is
The problems such as key distribution, Key Exposure；Based on the certification of Public Key Infrastructure there is cumbersome certificate exchange process, it is also faced with
Certificate authority it is possible that the case where Single Point of Faliure；The certification of identity-based id password needs to carry out two-wire to it
The complex calculation of class, computing cost are larger.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain, it is right
The equipment of Internet of things system to be accessed carries out safety certification.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem by following technological means:
A kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain, comprising:
Multiple block chain nodes are selected to build block chain network；
The mark of internet of things equipment and public key are stored in block chain (ID, PK) to complete internet of things equipment registration；
Block chain node is authenticated according to the mark ID that the public key PK of storage provides the internet of things equipment of access.
Further, described to be stored in the mark of internet of things equipment and public key in block chain (ID, PK) to complete Internet of Things
The step of net facility registration includes:
Internet of things equipment generates public key PK=g using private key SK-SKModp sends device identification and public key to (ID, PK)
Registration request is carried out to corresponding block chain link point；
Whether corresponding block chain node is inquired in block chain existing with mark ID according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment
Associated registering transaction block or revocation transaction block, if it does not exist, then passing through the registration request；
After registration request passes through, corresponding block chain node generates registration block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Reg>, and be packaged into
Corresponding log-on data block, is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and log-on data block stores after the completion of common recognition
In block chain；
Corresponding block chain node returns to the message that succeeds in registration to the internet of things equipment.
Further, the mark ID that the block chain node is provided according to the internet of things equipment of the public key PK of storage to access into
Row certification the step of include:
Internet of things equipment initiates certification request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node returns to one to the internet of things equipment
Random number e；
Internet of things equipment selects a random number r, calculates x '=Hash (grMod p) and y=r+eSK mod q, it will
(x ', y) is sent to corresponding block chain node；
Corresponding block chain node inquires block chain according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment, obtains public key corresponding with mark ID
PK, and public key PK and y are utilized, calculate y '=Hash (PKegymod p)；If y ' is equal to x ', illustrate that public key PK is set with Internet of Things
Standby mark ID matches, and the certification request of internet of things equipment passes through；
Corresponding block chain node generates certification block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Auth>, and it is packaged into corresponding authentication data
Block is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and authentication data block is stored in block chain after the completion of common recognition；
Block chain node is corresponded to internet of things equipment return authentication success message.
Further, the internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain, further includes: cancel registered Internet of Things
To (ID, PK), specific steps include: the mark and public key of net equipment
Internet of things equipment initiates revocation request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node authenticates internet of things equipment, such as
Fruit authenticates successfully, then is requested by the revocation, conversely, then refusing revocation request；
After revocation request passes through, corresponding block chain node generates revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>, and be packaged into
Corresponding revocation data block, is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and revocation data block is stored in after the completion of common recognition
In block chain；
Corresponding block chain node returns to revocation success message to the internet of things equipment.
Further, the internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain, further includes: update registered Internet of Things
To the public key PK in (ID, PK), specific steps include: the mark and public key of net equipment
Internet of things equipment initiates to update request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node authenticates internet of things equipment, such as
Fruit authenticates successfully, then is requested by the update, conversely, then refusing update request；
It updates after requesting to pass through, corresponding block chain Mr. node is at one about internet of things equipment original mark and public key pair
The revocation block chain transaction<ID of (ID, PK) | | PK | | Rev>, one is then regenerated about internet of things equipment new logo and public key
Registration block chain transaction<ID to (ID, PK ') | | PK ' | | Reg>, by revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>and registration
The transaction<ID of block chain | | PK ' | | Reg>it is packaged into corresponding revocation data block respectively and updates data block, it is sent to other
Block chain link point is known together, and data block is updated after the completion of common recognition and is stored in block chain；
Corresponding block chain node is updated successfully message to internet of things equipment return.
Further, the block chain node is main machine or server.
Further, the block chain is alliance's chain.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
First, it is not necessarily to specific mechanism, trusted third party.The characteristics of present invention is by block chain decentralization, using distribution
Device identification that formula data storage method carrys out secure storage internet of things equipment and public key are not rely on some spy to (ID, PK)
Fixed mechanism, trusted third party, so as to avoid division center from being subject to the risk of centralized malicious attack.
Second, the consistency of data information.Device identification and public key are packaged into (ID, PK) in each stage by the present invention
Data block, and these data are recorded in block chain distribution account book by common recognition algorithm by remaining block chain node.Altogether
Knowing algorithm realizes the consistency of data information in block chain account book, once the data information of some block chain node is tampered meeting
Be detected when knowing together next time, this guarantees the equipment public key PK used when being authenticated be consistent when registering
's.
Third, it is anti-deliberately to distort and forge.The present invention combines highly redundant intrinsic propesties and the body of block chain distributed storage
Part authentication mechanism ensures that attacker can not palm off some legal internet of things equipment and deliberately distort and data falsification.
4th, there is lower cost requirement to internet of things equipment.In identity identifying method of the invention, internet of things equipment
End only needs to store its private key, thus storage overhead is small, only needs to carry out 1 Montgomery Algorithm, 1 Hash operation in verification process
With 1 modular multiplication, thus computing cost is small.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is system model schematic diagram in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the data structure of block chain transaction in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the detailed process of registration phase in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the detailed process of authentication phase in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the detailed process of withdraw in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the detailed process of more new stage in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail:
A kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain of the invention, comprising:
Initial phase: multiple block chain nodes are selected to build block chain network；
Registration phase: the mark of internet of things equipment and public key are stored in block chain to complete Internet of Things (ID, PK)
Facility registration；
Authentication phase: block chain node is carried out according to the mark ID that the public key PK of storage provides the internet of things equipment of access
Certification.
Fig. 1 is system model schematic diagram in the present invention.Block chain node in system model can be filled by host, server etc.
When, it is believed that its computing capability is powerful, and be always it is safe and reliable, the present invention in block chain be alliance's chain.System model
Operational process are as follows: the information such as registration, certification are generated by internet of things equipment end, block chain node is then corresponded to and is these registrations, recognizes
The information such as card generate corresponding data block and are sent to other block chain link points and know together, wait just be formed most after the completion of knowing together
New block chain.
Fig. 2 is the data structure of block chain transaction in the present invention.Sequence indicates transaction sequence；Identity expression thing
The unique ID of networked devices；The public key PK of PublicKey expression internet of things equipment；Operation indicates block chain node
To the operator of (ID, PK), it is divided into registration operator (Reg), authentication operation symbol (Auth), destruction operation symbol (Rev).
Fig. 3 is the detailed process of registration phase in the present invention, and steps are as follows for execution:
Step 1: internet of things equipment generates public key PK=g using private key SK-SKModp, p is a Big prime here, and g is
Then device identification and public key are sent to corresponding block chain link point to (ID, PK) and carry out registration request by q rank element；
Step 2: corresponding block chain node according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment inquire in block chain whether it is existing with should
The associated registering transaction block of ID or revocation transaction block are identified, if it does not exist, then passing through the registration request；
Step 3: after registration request passes through, corresponding block chain link point is raw according to block chain transaction data structure shown in Fig. 2
At registration block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Reg>, and corresponding log-on data area is packaged into according to block chain structure shown in FIG. 1
Block gives other block chain link points and knows together, and log-on data block is stored in block chain after the completion of knowing together；
Step 4: corresponding block chain node returns to the message to succeed in registration to the internet of things equipment.
Fig. 4 is the detailed process of authentication phase in the present invention, and steps are as follows for execution:
Step 1: when internet of things equipment initiates certification request, corresponding block chain node can return to one to the internet of things equipment
A random number e；
Step 2: internet of things equipment selects a random number r, calculates x '=Hash (grMod p) and y=r+eSK
(x ', y) is sent corresponding block chain node by mod q；
Step 3: corresponding block chain node inquires block chain according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment, obtains and ID pairs of the mark
Public key PK is answered, and utilizes public key PK and y, calculates y '=Hash (PKegymod p)；If y ' be equal to x ', illustrate public key PK with
The mark ID of internet of things equipment matches, and the certification request of internet of things equipment passes through；
Step 4: corresponding block chain link point is according to block chain transaction data structural generation shown in Fig. 2 certification block chain transaction
<ID | | PK | | Auth>, and it is packaged into corresponding authentication data block according to block chain structure shown in FIG. 1, it is sent to other areas
Block chain link point is known together, and authentication data block is stored in block chain after the completion of common recognition；
Step 5: corresponding to block chain node to the successful message of internet of things equipment return authentication.
Further, the internet of things equipment identity identifying method of the invention based on block chain further includes withdraw and more
New stage.
Specifically, withdraw is the mark for cancelling registered internet of things equipment and public key to (ID, PK), such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, specific steps include:
Step 1: internet of things equipment initiates revocation request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node recognizes internet of things equipment
Card, if authenticated successfully, is requested by the revocation, conversely, then refusing revocation request；
Step 2: after revocation request passes through, corresponding block chain link point is raw according to block chain transaction data structure shown in Fig. 2
At revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>, and corresponding revocation data field is packaged into according to block chain structure shown in FIG. 1
Block is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and revocation data block is stored in block chain after the completion of common recognition；
Step 3: corresponding block chain node is returned to the internet of things equipment cancels successful message.
Specifically, the more new stage is the mark for updating registered internet of things equipment and public key to the public key in (ID, PK)
PK, as shown in fig. 6, specific steps include:
Step 1: internet of things equipment initiates to update request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node recognizes internet of things equipment
Card, if authenticated successfully, is requested by the update, conversely, then refusing update request；
Step 2: after new request passes through, corresponding block chain node is first raw according to block chain transaction data structure shown in Fig. 2
At a revocation block chain transaction<ID about internet of things equipment original mark and public key to (ID, PK) | | PK | | Rev>, then again
According to block chain transaction data structural generation one shown in Fig. 2 about internet of things equipment new logo and public key to (ID, PK ')
Register the transaction<ID of block chain | | PK ' | | Reg>, by revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>and registration block chain transaction<ID
| | PK ' | | Reg > be packaged into corresponding revocation data block respectively according to block chain structure shown in FIG. 1 and update data field
Block is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and data block is updated after the completion of common recognition and is stored in block chain；
Step 3: corresponding block chain node returns to the message being updated successfully to internet of things equipment.
The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and are not limiting, although referring to preferred embodiment to this hair
It is bright to be described in detail, those skilled in the art should understand that, it can modify to technical solution of the present invention
Or equivalent replacement should all cover without departing from the objective and range of technical solution of the present invention in claim of the invention
In range.Technology not described in detail in the present invention, shape, construction portion are well-known technique.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain characterized by comprising
Multiple block chain nodes are selected to build block chain network；
The mark of internet of things equipment and public key are stored in block chain (ID, PK) to complete internet of things equipment registration；
Block chain node is authenticated according to the mark ID that the public key PK of storage provides the internet of things equipment of access.
2. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states and the mark of internet of things equipment and public key is stored in block chain (ID, PK) to packet the step of to complete internet of things equipment registration
It includes:
Internet of things equipment generates public key PK=g using private key SK-SKDevice identification and public key are sent to (ID, PK) by mod p
Corresponding block chain link point carries out registration request；
Whether corresponding block chain node is inquired existing related to mark ID in block chain according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment
The registering transaction block or revocation transaction block of connection, if it does not exist, then passing through the registration request；
After registration request passes through, corresponding block chain node generates registration block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Reg>, and be packaged into corresponding
Log-on data block, be sent to other block chain link points and know together, log-on data block is stored in area after the completion of common recognition
In block chain；
Corresponding block chain node returns to the message that succeeds in registration to the internet of things equipment.
3. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating the step of block chain node is authenticated according to the mark ID that the public key PK of storage provides the internet of things equipment of access includes:
Internet of things equipment initiates certification request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node returns to one at random to the internet of things equipment
Number e；
Internet of things equipment selects a random number r, calculates x '=Hash (grMod p) and y=r+eSK mod q, will (x ',
Y) it is sent to corresponding block chain node；
Corresponding block chain node inquires block chain according to the mark ID of internet of things equipment, obtains public key PK corresponding with mark ID,
And public key PK and y are utilized, calculate y '=Hash (PKegymod p)；If y ' is equal to x ', illustrate public key PK and internet of things equipment
Mark ID match, the certification request of internet of things equipment passes through；
Corresponding block chain node generates certification block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Auth>, and it is packaged into corresponding authentication data area
Block is sent to other block chain link points and knows together, and authentication data block is stored in block chain after the completion of common recognition；
Block chain node is corresponded to the internet of things equipment return authentication success message.
4. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
It include: the mark for cancelling registered internet of things equipment and public key to (ID, PK), specific steps include:
Internet of things equipment initiates revocation request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node authenticates internet of things equipment, if recognized
It demonstrate,proves successfully, is then requested by the revocation, conversely, then refusing revocation request；
After revocation request passes through, corresponding block chain node generates revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>, and be packaged into corresponding
Revocation data block, be sent to other block chain link points and know together, common recognition after the completion of revocation data block be stored in block
In chain；
Corresponding block chain node returns to revocation success message to the internet of things equipment.
5. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that also
It include: the mark for updating registered internet of things equipment and public key to the public key PK in (ID, PK), specific steps include:
Internet of things equipment initiates to update request to block chain, and corresponding block chain node authenticates internet of things equipment, if recognized
It demonstrate,proves successfully, is then requested by the update, conversely, then refusing update request；
Update after request passes through, corresponding block chain Mr. node at one about internet of things equipment original mark and public key to (ID,
PK revocation block chain transaction<ID) | | PK | | Rev>, one is then regenerated about internet of things equipment new logo and public key pair
The registration block chain transaction<ID of (ID, PK ') | | PK ' | | Reg>, by revocation block chain transaction<ID | | PK | | Rev>and Acceditation Area
The transaction<ID of block chain | | PK ' | | Reg>it is packaged into corresponding revocation data block respectively and updates data block, it is sent to other areas
Block chain link point is known together, and data block is updated after the completion of common recognition and is stored in block chain；
Corresponding block chain node is updated successfully message to internet of things equipment return.
6. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating block chain node is main machine or server.
7. a kind of internet of things equipment identity identifying method based on block chain according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating block chain is alliance's chain.
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