CN109978267A - City microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data - Google Patents
City microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data that the invention discloses a kind of.The method of the present invention includes the following steps: S1. obtains urban track traffic AFC brushing card data, to multiplying in data away from for 4 stations and trip below expansion space-time analysis, determines that each rail traffic is respectively gone on a journey section spatial and temporal distributions;S2. the densely covered rail traffic trip section of certain short distance trip is chosen, each station and its road and land used in attractived region in the section are investigated;S3. half realization is carried out to the road network in examination range;S4. to the land divide cell in half Actual Road Networks, the land used attribute of each cell is investigated;S5. public bus network terminus is chosen in upstream and downstream rail traffic website attractived region, generates candidate line set;S6. it generates candidate line and corresponds to Website Hosting;S7. passenger flow is distributed to each cell, each bus station;S8. each cell passenger flow is distributed to each bus station;S9. railroad embankment scheme is generated, and chooses optimal case, step terminates.
Description
Technical field:
The city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data that the present invention relates to a kind of, belongs to city
City's traffic planning and management technical field.
Background technique:
As the fast development of Urbanization in China, completed region of the city area constantly expand, various regions start to pay attention to city
The complete construction of public transit systems.And urban track traffic carries more and more travel amounts as city bus trunk,
So that partial section compartment is overstaffed.The a part of microcirculation public transport as city bus system, mentions for city dweller
It is serviced for short-range quick trip, it to a certain extent being capable of alternate track friendship for the short distance trip aspect of urban inner
Pass-out row.Therefore, scientific and reasonable planning is carried out to microcirculation public bus network it is of great significance to.
At this stage, the city for opening operation microcirculation public bus network is few, and the city of urban rail transit construction has been unfolded to city
Short distance trip lacks concern inside city, therefore, if planning is laid with reasonable microcirculation public bus network matching track traffic lines
Road transport row can provide multimode choice for traveling, the good service level for improving urban public tranlport system for traveler.
Microcirculation public bus network planing method used at present is mostly based on empirical method or resident's OD trip data
And the data analysis of existing routine bus system gauze, lack the considerations of developing to urban mass-transit system, it can not be by Metro Network
In short distance travelling traffic take into account.Therefore, it in order to attract the short distance travelling traffic in Metro Network, needs to seek
Look for a kind of microcirculation public bus network planing method based on rail traffic data, meeting its trip characteristics.
Summary of the invention
It is micro- the purpose of the present invention is in view of the above problems, providing a kind of city based on urban track traffic data
Public bus network planing method is recycled, this method passes through the analysis of rail traffic brushing card data, and analysis is extracted short distance in gauze and separated out
The corresponding rail traffic website attractived region in section is chosen in the densely covered section of row, using heuritic approach, and uses actual rail
Road traffic data proposes microcirculation public transport distribution method, to start the microcirculation public transport line for being more in line with practical trip characteristics
Road.
Above-mentioned purpose is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, this method includes following step
It is rapid:
S1. obtain urban track traffic AFC brushing card data, to multiply in data away from for 4 stations and trip below expansion space-time
Analysis determines that each rail traffic is respectively gone on a journey section spatial and temporal distributions;
S2. the densely covered rail traffic trip section of certain short distance trip is chosen, each station and its suction in the section are investigated
Draw the road and land used in range;
S3. half realization is carried out to the road network in examination range;
S4. to the land divide cell in half Actual Road Networks, the land used attribute of each cell is investigated;
S5. public bus network terminus is chosen in upstream and downstream rail traffic website attractived region, generates candidate line set;
S6. it generates candidate line and corresponds to Website Hosting;
S7. passenger flow is distributed to each cell, each bus station;
S8. each cell passenger flow is distributed to each bus station;
S9. railroad embankment scheme is generated, and chooses optimal case, step terminates.
The city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, described in step S6
The specific method that generation candidate line corresponds to Website Hosting is: not generating the route of website, setting in load candidate line set
Bus station attractived region radius R;Using starting point as the center of circle, R is that radius draws circle, investigates the round friendship with route direction of advance distalmost end
Point P1If it is the first bus station;Backward, it is unfolded as follows circulation, using current bus station as the center of circle, R is that radius draws circle, will
The round intersection point P with path direction of advance distalmost endn, it is set as bus station, until including route terminal in garden, circulation terminates, raw
At candidate line Website Hosting.
The city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, described in step S7
The specific method of distribution passenger flow to each cell, each bus station is: according to the land used attribute of each cell, its mining inetesity is investigated,
Its passenger flow is marked to occur respectively, attraction coefficient λΟi、λDi;Each cell is investigated to nearest rail traffic website distance li;Define cell
Passenger flow contribution rate γ, value are cell generation/attraction coefficient λiThe small nearest rail traffic website distance l of zones valuesiRatio:
Generation/attraction contribution rate: γi=λi/li;
For different periods, contribution rate attribute corresponding to each cell is different, and during morning peak, residential land cell is
Contribution rate occurs, office cell is to attract contribution rate;During evening peak, residential land cell is to attract contribution rate, cell of handling official business
For contribution rate occurs;
The generation passenger flow of each website in research range is distributed to passenger flow to each by accounting of the contribution rate in summation occurs
Cell;The passenger flow of each cell is distributed to terminal according to accounting of the attraction contribution rate of each cell in its ending range in summation
Each cell;Bus traveler assignment is completed to cell.
The city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, described in step S9
Railroad embankment scheme is generated, and the specific method for choosing optimal case is: considering passenger's travel cost and enterprise operation expense two
Aspect.Wherein, passenger's travel cost is divided into passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger's riding time expense CB, passenger waiting time
Expense CW;Passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger's riding time expense CBIt is laid with line alignment website and determines and determine.Wherein
CAFor cell centroid to the walking time of its nearest bus station, by the distance and the point of cell centroid to road network to nearest public affairs
The distance of website is handed over to constitute;CBFor the travel time between the nearest bus station of terminus cell;
Passenger waiting time expense is arranged an order according to class and grade variation with operation, in general, passenger waiting time obeys Poisson distribution, if T is
The route departure interval, then its passenger waits duration interval section for [0, T], to ensure that its maximum waits duration no more than public transport hair
Vehicle interval time, then:
In formula:
T: passenger's arrival time;
λ can be regarded as bus platform and be averaged Waiting time, then can useThen:
According to above-mentioned distribution can passenger's Random Waiting Time;
Operation enterprise running cost CRIt may be expressed as:
CR=(Lm)/(vT)
Wherein, L is line length, and m is vehicle own operations expense, and v is Vehicle Speed, and T is the route departure interval;
The summation of passenger's travel cost and enterprise operation expense is investigated, chooses the smallest scheme of summation as planning route.
The utility model has the advantages that
Compared with prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of city microcirculation public bus network based on urban track traffic data
Planing method, the technical effect having are as follows:
1. the present invention has obtained by the analysis to actual track traffic data and has met actual short distance trip characteristics,
The urban inner microcirculation layout of roads being unfolded on this basis can more accurately meet the daily short distance of city dweller
From trip requirements.
2. the invention proposes a kind of heuritic approaches to have generated line alignment between determining terminus, website is laid and
Operation is arranged an order according to class and grade, to improve the coverage area of route and the science of route website selection, plans operation enterprise for public transport
Industry has higher application value.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the processing that half Actual Road Networks are constructed in the method for the present invention to oblique road.
Fig. 3 is road network in research range in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the real road network of research range half in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the half small Division of real road network in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Further description of the technical solution of the present invention with example with reference to the accompanying drawing.
A kind of city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, as shown in Figure 1, including one
Lower step:
S1, obtain urban track traffic AFC brushing card data, to multiply in data away from for 4 stations and trip below expansion space-time
Analysis determines that each rail traffic is respectively gone on a journey section spatial and temporal distributions;Local rail transportation operation enterprise is gone to, city rail is obtained and hands over
Lead to history AFC brushing card data, multiply in garbled data away from 4 stations and trip below, record its terminus and time out of the station, completes
The Analysis on Spatial Temporal Distribution of all data determines short distance trip in the distribution density of each section day part.
S2 chooses the densely covered rail traffic trip section of certain short distance trip, investigates each station and its suction in the section
Draw the road and land used in range;It chooses S1 step short-distance and medium-distance and goes out the big section of line density and its corresponding period, as
Current research object investigates each rail traffic website and attractived region in its section, generally takes 800 meters, determine research range;
The road network in range is investigated, determines the road network for public transit vehicle traveling;
S3 carries out half realization to the road network in examination range;It is approximately rectangle side by the road network in research range
Half realization road of grid can be as shown in Fig. 2, be changed into the real road of fold-line-shaped half for oblique road;
S4, the land divide cell in double of Actual Road Networks, investigates the land used attribute of each cell;Duty according to different community
Can, land used attribute can be divided into inhabitation, business, office, education etc.;
S5 chooses public bus network terminus in upstream and downstream rail traffic website attractived region, generates candidate line set;
In research range in the rail traffic attractived region at both ends, suitable public bus network terminus is chosen, deep search is used
Method, Load Line length limitation determine candidate line set;
S6 generates candidate line and corresponds to Website Hosting;The route of website is not generated in load candidate line set, setting is public
Website attractived region radius R is handed over, is generally set to 300 meters;Using starting point as the center of circle, R is that radius draws circle, investigates circle and route advance side
To the intersection point P of distalmost end1If it is the first bus station;Backward, it is unfolded as follows circulation, using current bus station as the center of circle, R
It draws and justifies for radius, by the round intersection point P with path direction of advance distalmost endn, it is set as bus station, until whole comprising route in garden
Point, circulation terminate, and generate candidate line Website Hosting.
S7, distribution passenger flow to each cell;According to the land used attribute of each cell, its mining inetesity is investigated, marks its visitor respectively
Stream generation, attraction coefficient λΟi、λDi;Each cell is investigated to nearest rail traffic website distance li;Define cell passenger flow contribution rate
γ, value are cell generation/attraction coefficient λiThe small nearest rail traffic website distance l of zones valuesiRatio:
Generation/attraction contribution rate: γi=λi/li;
For different periods, contribution rate attribute corresponding to each cell is different, as during morning peak, residential land cell
For contribution rate occurs, office cell is to attract contribution rate.
The generation passenger flow of each website in research range is distributed to passenger flow to each by accounting of the contribution rate in summation occurs
Cell;The passenger flow of each cell is distributed to terminal according to accounting of the attraction contribution rate of each cell in its ending range in summation
Each cell;Bus traveler assignment is completed to cell.
S8 distributes each cell passenger flow to each bus station;According to nearest distribution principle, by each cell bus traveler assignment to distance
Nearest bus station.It is more than the cell of certain value for distance, then is not given up in route attractived region.
S9 generates railroad embankment scheme, and chooses optimal case;Consider passenger's travel cost and two side of enterprise operation expense
Face.Wherein, passenger's travel cost is divided into passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger's riding time expense CB, passenger waiting time takes
Use CW;
Passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger's riding time expense CBIt is laid with line alignment website and determines and determine.Wherein
CAFor cell centroid to the walking time of its nearest bus station, by the distance and the point of cell centroid to road network to nearest public affairs
The distance of website is handed over to constitute;CBFor the travel time between the nearest bus station of terminus cell;
Passenger waiting time expense is arranged an order according to class and grade variation with operation, in general, passenger waiting time obeys Poisson distribution, if T is
The route departure interval, then its passenger waits duration interval section for [0, T], to ensure that its maximum waits duration no more than public transport hair
Vehicle interval time, then:
In formula:
T: passenger's arrival time;
λ can be regarded as bus platform and be averaged Waiting time, then can useThen:
According to above-mentioned distribution can passenger's Random Waiting Time.
Operation enterprise running cost CRIt may be expressed as:
CR=(Lm)/(vT)
Wherein, L is line length, and m is vehicle own operations expense, and v is Vehicle Speed, and T is the route departure interval;
The summation of passenger's travel cost and enterprise operation expense is investigated, chooses the smallest scheme of summation as planning route.
Below by example, present invention is described:
Embodiment one: by taking certain domestic city's Metro Network and its inner city as an example, to urban inner microcirculation public transport
Planning is unfolded in route.
1, locality AFC history brushing card data is obtained, screening wherein multiplies away from the trip for being less than or equal to 4 stations, analyzes its space-time spy
Sign, partial results such as the following table 1:
1 morning peak brushing card data example of table
2, it chooses its short-distance and medium-distance and goes on a journey and gather section as research range;Selection 11~website of website, 25 section, which is used as, grinds
Study carefully range, section includes 11,10,9,25 4 websites of website.Investigate its website surrounding road and land used;Determine research range
It is interior to be total to public transit vehicle walkway road network, as a result as shown in Figure 2:
3, half realization is carried out to the road network (Fig. 3) investigated in range, as a result as shown in Figure 4: wherein number is road
Net node serial number.
4, double of realization road network carries out small Division, investigates each cell land used attribute.Cell division result such as Fig. 5 institute
Show, number is that respective cell centroid is numbered in figure;
Each cell land used attribute in part is as shown in table 2 below:
2 cell portion land used attribute of table
5, range is investigated, road circuit node 5,59 is chosen and is used as route terminus;In route is arranged in half Actual Road Networks
Length limitation is 22, determines all feasible paths between node 5,59 using deep search, forms alternative path set.
6, the path for not generating website in alternative path set, example path trend are loaded are as follows: [59,47,42,63,81,
35,69,72,33,29,73,75,28,10,21,77,20,16,12,8,0,1,2,3,4,80,5].It is the center of circle with starting point 59,
300 meters are radius (radius is 2 in corresponding half Actual Road Networks), draw circle, investigate the intersection point P of itself and path direction of advance distalmost end1,
Coordinate is [2,2.73], it is arranged as the first bus station;Backward, using current bus station as the center of circle draw justify, investigate its with before path
Into the intersection point of direction distalmost end, it is set as bus station, until circle includes terminal 5.Example path site location such as the following table 3:
3 path candidate website of table lays coordinate example
7, each cell land used attribute, mining inetesity according to listed by table 2 and its at a distance from respective carter traffic website, meter
Calculate its passenger flow generation/attraction coefficient λΟi,
The passenger flow genetic coefficient of cell 8 is λO8=1 ÷ 6=0.183;
The attracting passenger flow coefficient of cell 133 is λD133=1 ÷ 3=0.333;
It can then show that attraction coefficient occurs for the passenger flow of all cells.As a result such as the following table 4:
According to generation/attraction coefficient in table 4 by Trip distribution to each cell:
By taking rail traffic website 25 as an example, genetic coefficient summation are as follows:
0.183+0.183+0.2+0.25+0.333=1.149
Section 25-11 is corresponded into the distribution of flow 29 to each cell:
1.149 ≈ 5 of the ÷ of cell 8:29 × 0.183
1.149 ≈ 5 of the ÷ of cell 17:29 × 0.183
1.149 ≈ 5 of the ÷ of cell 18:29 × 0.2
1.149 ≈ 6 of the ÷ of cell 27:29 × 0.25
1.149 ≈ 8 of the ÷ of cell 28:29 × 0.333
Assignment of traffic is completed to cell operation;Then each cell flow is distributed to each terminal cell, by taking cell 28 as an example,
Distribute the corresponding flow 8 of cell 28 in the 25-11 of section to each cell to terminal:
Its attraction summation of rail traffic website 11 are as follows:
0.333+0.25+0.5+1=2.083
2.083 ≈ 2 of the ÷ of cell 133:9 × 0.333
2.083 ≈ 1 of the ÷ of cell 134:9 × 0.25
2.083 ≈ 2 of the ÷ of cell 144:9 × 0.5
2.083 ≈ 4 of the ÷ of cell 155:9 × 1
The assignment of traffic work for completing cell 28, can similarly obtain the assignment of traffic of remaining cell.
8, according to nearby principle, each cell is connected to nearest bus station, as a result such as the following table 5:
The nearest bus station of 5 cell of table
9, general expenses is calculated, wherein the cost of general expenses such as the following table 6:
6 general expenses cost of table
By taking 28 passenger flow 28~144 of cell as an example, general expenses are as follows:
Walking time expense:
Bus station 2 (2,2.732) and bus station 12 (10,16.823) are walked to by cell 28 (1.5,3.5) centroid
Cell 144 (8.5,14.5) centroid two parts composition is walked to, is respectively 1.268 and 1.177 along path computing distance, and divided by
Walking speed 6, multiplied by 15 you can get it walking time C of walking time valueA6 × 15=6.113 of=(1.268+1.177) ÷
Passenger rides expense:
It is 23 along path computing bus station 2 (2,2.732) and bus station 12 (10,16.823) distance, and divided by public affairs
The vehicle speed of service 40 is handed over, multiplied by waiting time value 12, you can get it riding time CB=23 40 × 12=6.9 of ÷
Passenger waits expense:
Taking the departure interval is 10, then can calculate its Poisson distributionIt is random to generate in 0~10 section
Random number is worth multiplied by waiting time by its matching value Poisson distribution, can obtain CWValue, CW=6 × 12=72;
Enterprise operation expense:
Taking the departure interval is 10, calculates to obtain line length L=36, then can calculate enterprise operation expense is CR=(36 ×
300)/(40 × 10/60)=1620.
It successively can be calculated passenger's walking of all passenger flows, ride, expense of waiting, after it is summed it up with enterprise operation expense
It can obtain total cost, more all paths, departure interval corresponding total cost take total cost the smallest for optimal path.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of city microcirculation public bus network planing method based on urban track traffic data, which is characterized in that this method
The following steps are included:
S1. obtain urban track traffic AFC brushing card data, to multiply in data away from for 4 stations and trip below expansion space-time analysis,
Determine that each rail traffic is respectively gone on a journey section spatial and temporal distributions;
S2. the densely covered rail traffic trip section of certain short distance trip is chosen, each station in the section is investigated and its attracts model
Enclose interior road and land used;
S3. half realization is carried out to the road network in examination range;
S4. to the land divide cell in half Actual Road Networks, the land used attribute of each cell is investigated;
S5. public bus network terminus is chosen in upstream and downstream rail traffic website attractived region, generates candidate line set;
S6. it generates candidate line and corresponds to Website Hosting;
S7. passenger flow is distributed to each cell, each bus station;
S8. each cell passenger flow is distributed to each bus station;
S9. railroad embankment scheme is generated, and chooses optimal case, step terminates.
2. the city microcirculation public bus network planing method according to claim 1 based on urban track traffic data,
It is characterized in that, the specific method that generation candidate line described in step S6 corresponds to Website Hosting is: load candidate line set
In do not generate the route of website, set bus station attractived region radius R;Using starting point as the center of circle, R is that radius draws circle, investigates circle
With the intersection point P of route direction of advance distalmost end1If it is the first bus station;Backward, it is unfolded as follows circulation, with current public transport
Website is the center of circle, and R is that radius draws circle, by the round intersection point P with path direction of advance distalmost endn, it is set as bus station, until in garden
Comprising route terminal, circulation terminates, and generates candidate line Website Hosting.
3. the city microcirculation public bus network planing method according to claim 1 based on urban track traffic data,
It is characterized in that, the specific method of distribution passenger flow to each cell, each bus station described in step S7 is: the use according to each cell
Ground attribute, investigates its mining inetesity, marks its passenger flow to occur respectively, attraction coefficient λΟi、λDi;Each cell is investigated to nearest track
Traffic website distance li;Cell passenger flow contribution rate γ is defined, value is cell generation/attraction coefficient λiThe small nearest track of zones values is handed over
Logical website distance liRatio:
Generation/attraction contribution rate: γi=λi/li;
For different periods, contribution rate attribute corresponding to each cell is different, and during morning peak, residential land cell is to occur
Contribution rate, office cell are to attract contribution rate;During evening peak, residential land cell is to attract contribution rate, and office cell is hair
Raw contribution rate;
The generation passenger flow of each website in research range is distributed to passenger flow to each cell by accounting of the contribution rate in summation occurs;
The passenger flow of each cell is each small to terminal according to accounting distribution of the attraction contribution rate of each cell in its ending range in summation
Area;Bus traveler assignment is completed to cell.
4. the city microcirculation public bus network planing method according to claim 1 based on urban track traffic data,
It is characterized in that, generation railroad embankment scheme described in step S9, and the specific method for choosing optimal case is: considering that passenger goes out
Two aspect of row expense and enterprise operation expense.Wherein, passenger's travel cost is divided into passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger rides
Time cost CB, passenger waiting time expense CW;
Passenger's walking time expense CA, passenger's riding time expense CBIt is laid with line alignment website and determines and determine.Wherein CAFor
Cell centroid to its nearest bus station walking time, by the distance and the point of cell centroid to road network to nearest bus station
The distance of point is constituted;CBFor the travel time between the nearest bus station of terminus cell;
Passenger waiting time expense is arranged an order according to class and grade variation with operation, in general, passenger waiting time obeys Poisson distribution, if T is route
Departure interval, then its passenger waits duration interval section for [0, T], to ensure that its maximum waits duration no more than between bus departure
Every the time, then:
In formula:
T: passenger's arrival time;
λ can be regarded as bus platform and be averaged Waiting time, then can useThen:
According to above-mentioned distribution can passenger's Random Waiting Time;
Operation enterprise running cost CRIt may be expressed as:
CR=(Lm)/(vT)
Wherein, L is line length, and m is vehicle own operations expense, and v is Vehicle Speed, and T is the route departure interval;
The summation of passenger's travel cost and enterprise operation expense is investigated, chooses the smallest scheme of summation as planning route.
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Cited By (9)
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CN111860972A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-10-30 | 交控科技股份有限公司 | Rail transit path generation method and device |
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