CN109977551A - A kind of lattice material modeling method based on NURBS - Google Patents
A kind of lattice material modeling method based on NURBS Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The lattice material modeling method based on NURBS that the invention proposes a kind of, first according to the skeleton pattern of lattice material body, the nurbs curve of the reverse skeleton pattern, nurbs curve cut arrow;Skeleton pattern includes multiple concatenation units surrounded by nurbs curve;Concatenation unit includes pipeline and the stitching portion cross section for connecting pipe;Stitching portion is found out by unit partitioning algorithm later and divides section;Then pipe control point is found out;The multi-disc nurbs surface about pipeline, splicing nurbs surface are constructed, finally to obtain the parameterized model of lattice material body.The present invention carries out Accurate Model to lattice material body using the high-order basic function of NURBS;Parameter of the control point as NURBS parameterized model can carry out local directed complete set to NURBS parameterized model by modification control point coordinates, while realize the active designs modeling of lattice material body.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to porous material modeling method field more particularly to a kind of lattice material modeling sides based on NURBS
Method.
Background technique
Lattice material is by a large amount of identical array elements (such as elongated beam or bar) as a kind of periodic porous material
It is periodically combined and is constituted by way of certain unit cell.Wherein, have using light metal as the lattice material of substrate higher
Specific strength, specific stiffness and unit mass energy absorption capacity, especially when relative density is lower, lattice material has matter more outstanding
Amount efficiency and performance advantage are one of the most promising superpower tough lightweight structural materials generally acknowledged in the world at present.In addition, dot matrix
Material can also carry out functionalized design by the methods of matrix adjustment, the filling of change of configuration goods hole, be allowed to have wave transparent, delay
The functional characteristics such as punching, vibration damping, heat-insulated, radiation protection and electromagnetic shielding.Therefore, at present lattice material class product because have excellent object
Rationality energy and it is in widespread attention.
In the prior art, lattice material class product correlation theory model research lag, simulated digital model construction exist tired
It is difficult.The parametric modeling of lattice material body mainly uses image modeling method and based on TPMS design method.Both the above method is equal
It has the following deficiencies: in master image modeling, based on CT/MRI image, requirement of this method to equipment is relatively high, mould
The accuracy of type depends on the precision of image, and the model for needing to shape provides reference, therefore the precision of model is difficult to ensure, nothing
Method carries out active designs;In addition, the model based on TPMS design is difficult adjustment of modifying to part.
Summary of the invention
The lattice material modeling method based on NURBS that the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of utilizes the high-order of NURBS
Basic function to carry out Accurate Model to lattice material;Parameter of the control point as NURBS parameterized model can be controlled by modification
System point coordinate to carry out local directed complete set to NURBS parameterized model, while realizing the active designs modeling of lattice material body.For
Realize above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
A kind of lattice material modeling method based on NURBS, comprising the following steps:
Step S1: according to the skeleton pattern of lattice material body, the nurbs curve of the reverse skeleton pattern, nurbs curve
Cut arrow;The skeleton pattern includes multiple concatenation units surrounded by nurbs curve;The concatenation unit includes pipeline and is used for
The stitching portion cross section of connecting pipe;
Step S2: stitching portion is found out by unit partitioning algorithm and divides section;
Step S3: pipe control point is found out;
Step S4: multi-disc nurbs surface of the building about pipeline;
Step S5: splicing the nurbs surface, to obtain the parameterized model of the lattice material body.
In the present embodiment, in step sl, the concatenation unit is basic unit;The basic unit is 3 NURBS
Three Connector Models that curve intersection is formed.
In the present embodiment, in step s 2, it specifically includes:
Step S21: pass through particle swarm optimization algorithm cross section;
Step S22: multiple control points on the cross section are solved;
Step S23: translating control point along nurbs curve by transformation matrix, to obtain each nurbs curve pair
The tubular surface control grid answered;The curved surface that the tubular surface control grid surrounds is stitching portion segmentation section.
In the present embodiment, in step sl, the concatenation unit is complex unit;The complex unit is decomposed into multiple
Basic unit;The basic unit is three Connector Models that 3 nurbs curves are crossed to form.
In the present embodiment, the complex unit is the Connector Model that 4~6 nurbs curves are crossed to form.
In the present embodiment, in step s 5, before splicing the nurbs surface splicing, order algorithm is risen using NURBS
Increase the control point of NURBS.
In the present embodiment, in step s 5, it after the control point for increasing NURBS, using control point alignment algorithm and asks
Average value finally carries out the splicing of the nurbs surface.
In the present embodiment, in step sl, the angle between the nurbs curve is 60 °~120 °.
Compared with prior art, advantages of the present invention are as follows:
1) Accurate Model is carried out to lattice material body using the high-order basic function of NURBS;
2) parameter of the control point as NURBS parameterized model, can be by modification control point coordinates come to NURBS parameter
Change model and carry out local directed complete set, while realizing the active designs modeling of lattice material body.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is three node of a curve of the lattice material modeling method based on NURBS that the embodiment of the present invention one provides and cuts
Arrow figure;
Fig. 2 is the control point diagram of cross section in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 3 is control point polygon translation figure in Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is that section is divided in the stitching portion of basic unit in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 (a)~(c) is that section is divided in the stitching portion of complex unit in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Fig. 6 is the selection schematic diagram at the control point that section is divided in stitching portion in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 7 is the control point diagram of pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 8 is that the control point of pipeline in the embodiment of the present invention one selects schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 (a)~(d) is single pipe and nurbs surface spliced map in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Figure 10 is the control point diagram in 4 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 11 is the split-join model in 4 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 12 is the control point diagram in 5 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 13 is the split-join model in 5 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 14 is the control point diagram in 6 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 15 is the split-join model in 6 root canal roads in the embodiment of the present invention two;
Figure 16 is that control point is aligned procedure chart in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Figure 17 is control point alignment procedure in the embodiment of the present invention one and averages;
Figure 18 is that stitching portion controls point diagram between concatenation unit in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Figure 19 stitching portion model between concatenation unit in the embodiment of the present invention one;
Figure 20 is verifying cube model of the invention;
Figure 21 is verifying cellular model of the invention;
The flow chart of the lattice material modeling method based on NURBS of Figure 22 embodiment of the present invention one~bis-.
Specific embodiment
The lattice material modeling method of the invention based on NURBS is retouched in more detail below in conjunction with schematic diagram
It states, which show the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be appreciated that those skilled in the art can modify described herein hair
It is bright, and still realize advantageous effects of the invention.Therefore, following description should be understood as the wide of those skilled in the art
It is general to know, and it is not intended as limitation of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 22, the present embodiment proposes a kind of lattice material modeling method based on NURBS, includes the following steps
S1~S5.By taking pipe-like lattice material as an example, user gives skeleton pattern and pipe radius, the stitching portion section of generation and pipe
Road model is modeled according to the curve data and pipe radius of user's offer, the specific steps are as follows:
Step S1: according to the skeleton pattern of lattice material body, the nurbs curve of the reverse skeleton pattern, nurbs curve
Cut arrow;The skeleton pattern includes the concatenation unit that multiple nurbs curves surround;The concatenation unit includes pipeline and for connecting
The stitching portion cross section in adapter tube road;.
Concatenation unit is basic unit, and basic unit is three Connector Models that 3 nurbs curves are crossed to form, and NURBS is bent
Shown in the expression formula of line such as formula (1):
Remember that three curves are respectively C1、C2、C3, round tube radius is denoted as R, and three lengths of a curve are respectively l1、l2、l3,
The intersection point of three curves is O=(x0,y0,z0), firstly, obtaining 3 connector split-join models by the control point of this three curves
Curved surface control point;C is sought in O point1、C2、C3Tangent line rector and unitization, is denoted as α1、α2、α3.In C3Upper arc length is to take a bit at R
Q, by OQn equal part, note Along ent is Mi, i=1,2 ..., n, such as Fig. 1.
Step S2: stitching portion is found out by unit partitioning algorithm and divides section.
First by particle swarm optimization algorithm cross section, multiple control points on the cross section are solved later;Most
By transformation matrix control point is translated along nurbs curve afterwards, to obtain the corresponding tubular surface control of each nurbs curve
Grid processed;The curved surface that tubular surface control grid surrounds is stitching portion segmentation section.Pass through specific steps are as follows: calculating
α1And α2Angular bisector, and from Mi, i=1,2 ..., n is apart from nearest plane.Calculate α1And α2Angular bisector when, especially
Ground, if α1And α2Point-blank, angular bisector is calculated using multiplication cross, multiplication cross formula is as shown in formula 2:
Plane equation is shown in formula 3:
Ax+By+Cz+D=0 (3)
Firstly, plane passes through three intersections of complex curve O, so meeting formula 4:
Ax0+By0+CZ0+ D=0 (4)
Secondly, the normal of plane is with α1And α2Angular bisector α it is vertical, so meeting equation 5:
α (A, B, C)=0 (5)
C3Upper n point to plane distance and be formula 6:
It is required that the minimalization under the constraint of equation 3,4,5 of objective function 6, due to lagrange's method of multipliers program time-consuming mistake
It is long, particle swarm optimization algorithm is used herein, particle is encoded to (A, B, C, D), and formula 6 is used as fitness function, gives other ginsengs
Number, calculates cross sectional planes equation.Solve the control point on cross section: later with α3It is axis in the projection of plane and α vector,
Centered on the intersection point of three curves, R is radius, hands over two axis Yu Sidian, then crosses this 4 points parallel lines for making axis respectively,
It meets at 4 points again two-by-two, presses certain serial number for eight, be denoted as Qi, i=1, mark point is cross section in 2 ..., 8, Fig. 2
On eight points.Finally, as shown in figure 3, making control point polygon along C with transformation matrix1Curvilinear translation, by cross section along
C1Translate d1, in order to interfere section not, translation should meet formula 7, and P point is α in Fig. 23Subpoint.
With same method in curve C2Side also available C2Tubular surface control grid, blue lines enclose in Fig. 4
At curved surface be C1、C2、C3Stitching portion divide section.
During control point is translated, it is possible to control point number and the unmatched problem in spatial position occur, be
It prevents model to be distorted, proposes control point alignment schemes: assuming that there is two groups of control points: Gi,Qi(i=1,2 ..., 7).It acquires
Translation transformation matrix T, makes G3、G7Respectively with Q5、Q1It is overlapped.It is calculated as follows:
Gi'=Gi* (i=1,2 ..., 7) (13) T
It finds in four kinds of corresponding situations, so that two groups of point the smallest m of sum of the distance, make control point complete alignment, number pair
It should be as follows:
Gi→Q(i+M) %8(i=1,2 ..., 7) (15)
Step S3: pipe control point is found out.
Select first group of control point as shown in Figure 6 on the segmentation section of stitching portion:
With C1For, two points N, M are taken on curve, meet formula 11:
Position of point N, the M as second group of Control point mesh, find with this two o'clock plane that cut arrow vertical, by first group of control
P in dot grid processed2It projects in plane.P2Subpoint be N1, extend NN1Make NN1=R, using N as in rectangle Control point mesh
The heart, N1For the midpoint on wherein one side, other control points are calculated.Similarly, second and third group control of other curve upper round tubes can be calculated
Dot grid processed, as shown in Figure 7.
Step S4: multi-disc nurbs surface of the building about pipeline.
Institute is selectively marked at control point with black color dots, as shown in Figure 8: taking the section of pipeline model unit u direction and the direction v
Point vector is respectively formula 12:
Round tube fragment nurbs surface model is as shown in Figure 9.
Step S5: splicing the nurbs surface, to obtain the parameterized model of the lattice material body.
In the present embodiment, before splicing the nurbs surface splicing, order algorithm is risen using NURBS and increases NURBS's
Control point using control point alignment algorithm and averages (as shown in Figure 16,17) later, finally carries out the nurbs surface
Splicing, the face NURBS of fragment is spliced and reaches that G0 is continuous, and two curved surfaces reach G0 continuous state in border junction and refer to two
The overlapping margins of a curved surface.Obtain building lattice material body parameterized model.When being modeled to complex model, need front
The unit that algorithm obtains is spliced.Node insert operation is carried out to stitching portion, so that number of control points at two unit spliceds
It is identical, it averages on the basis of alignment schemes at control point, one group of control point is shared, so that it is continuous to reach G0.
Gi'=Qi'=(Gi+Q(i+M) %8)/2 (i=1,2 ..., 7) (16)
Control point at unit spliced is as shown in figure 18, and model is as shown in figure 19.
In the present embodiment, to be intuitive so having selected more special right angle and straight line, modeling method of the invention is suitable
For most of curve and angle, angle effect in 60 degree to 120 degree is preferable between curve.
Embodiment 2
In the present embodiment, concatenation unit is complex unit;The complex unit is decomposed into multiple basic units;The base
This unit is three Connector Models that 3 nurbs curves are crossed to form.Complex unit is that 4~6 nurbs curves intersect shape
At Connector Model.
Complex unit segmentation section algorithm is carried out on the basis of 3 round tubes divide section algorithm, based on decomposition
Complex unit is resolved into the base unit of multiple 3 round tubes splicings by thought.
Assuming that there is I root round tube Ai(i=1,2,3 ..., I), cutting arrow is respectively αi(i=1,2,3 ..., I), by cutting arrow angle
Maximum principle has following grouping: (Ax,Ay), (Am,An), (Ap,Aq).According to the topological feature that different number pipeline splices, with not
Complex unit is divided into base unit with mode and (is denoted as Cellj): segmentation section is as shown in Figure 5.
When I=4, curve Ax、Ay、Am、An。
When I=5, curve Ax、Ay、Am、An、Ap。
When I=6, curve Ax、Ay、Am、An、Ap、Aq。
After complex unit is divided in a manner described, each basic unit calculates control point according to the method for embodiment one, but
When taking control point, the control point of segmentation section side is only taken.
As shown in Figure 10, by taking 4 round tube units as an example, curve A1、A2、A3、A4, biggish two curves of angle are taken, that is, are schemed
Middle A1、A3, use A1、A3、A2Control point mesh, when taking control point, A are generated as basic unit1、A3Only take A2The control point of side
(density bullet point in Figure 10).Similarly, A is used1、A3、A4Control point mesh is generated as another basic unit, when taking control point,
A1、A3Only take A4The control point (grey mark point in Figure 10) of side.The corresponding round tube split-join model of 4 curves is as shown in figure 11.
5 curve A1、A2、A3、A4、A5, take biggish two curves of angle, i.e. A in Figure 121、A3, lower pair of horns degree is larger
Curve, that is, Figure 12 in A2、A4, the last item curve is A5.Use A1、A2、A5Control point mesh is generated as basic unit, takes control
When system point, A1、A2Only take the control point of inside.Use A2、A3、A5Control point mesh is generated as basic unit, when taking control point,
A2、A3Only take the control point of inside.Similarly find out other two groups of control points.5 curves corresponding round tube split-join model such as Figure 13 institute
Show.
6 curve A1、A2、A3、A4、A5、A6, take biggish two curves of angle, i.e. A in Figure 141、A3, lower pair of horns degree compared with
A in big curve, that is, Figure 142、A4, it is left curve A5、A6.Use A1、A2、A5Control point mesh is generated as basic unit, takes control
When point, A1、A2Only take inside and A5The control point of side.Use A1、A2、A6Control point mesh is generated as basic unit, takes control
When system point, A1、A2Only take inside and A6The control point (blue markings point in Figure 14) of side.Other 6 groups of controls can similarly be found out
Point processed.The corresponding round tube split-join model of 6 curves is as shown in figure 15.
In Examples 1 to 2, in order to verify the feasibility of the above method, used with the curve model of common lattice material upper
Method is stated to carry out body parametric modeling, there will be the position of a plurality of curve matching to be spelled with above-mentioned algorithm to generate tubular surface
It connects, model is as shown in Figure 20,21.
To sum up, skeleton pattern is divided by the present invention on the basis of setting models skeleton curve according to splicing curve quantity
Multiple concatenation units, design are directed to the multi-pipeline stitching algorithm of different number curve, generate multiple pipes with the mode of segmentation combination
The body parameterized model of road splicing;Order algorithm is risen using NURBS and changes number of control points, is designed control point alignment algorithm, is made list
It is continuous to reach G0 between member.Further, develop lattice material designing system, give modeled example, and based on model into
3 D-printing of having gone slice verifying.Example proves that this method can be realized the active designs modeling of lattice material.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, does not play the role of any restrictions to the present invention.Belonging to any
Those skilled in the art, in the range of not departing from technical solution of the present invention, to the invention discloses technical solution and
Technology contents make the variation such as any type of equivalent replacement or modification, belong to the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, still
Within belonging to the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of lattice material modeling method based on NURBS, which comprises the following steps:
Step S1: according to the skeleton pattern of lattice material body, the nurbs curve of the reverse skeleton pattern, nurbs curve are cut
Arrow;The skeleton pattern includes multiple concatenation units surrounded by nurbs curve;The concatenation unit includes pipeline and for connecting
The stitching portion cross section in adapter tube road;
Step S2: stitching portion is found out by unit partitioning algorithm and divides section;
Step S3: pipe control point is found out;
Step S4: multi-disc nurbs surface of the building about pipeline;
Step S5: splicing the nurbs surface, to obtain the parameterized model of the lattice material body.
2. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 1 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step sl, institute
Stating concatenation unit is basic unit;The basic unit is three Connector Models that 3 nurbs curves are crossed to form.
3. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 2 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step s 2, tool
Body includes:
Step S21: pass through particle swarm optimization algorithm cross section;
Step S22: multiple control points on the cross section are solved;
Step S23: translating control point along nurbs curve by transformation matrix, corresponding to obtain each nurbs curve
Tubular surface controls grid;The curved surface that the tubular surface control grid surrounds is stitching portion segmentation section.
4. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 1 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step sl, institute
Stating concatenation unit is complex unit;The complex unit is decomposed into multiple basic units;The basic unit is 3 NURBS songs
Three Connector Models that line is crossed to form.
5. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 4 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that the complex unit
The Connector Model being crossed to form for 4~6 nurbs curves.
6. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 1 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step s 5,
Before splicing the nurbs surface splicing, the control point that order algorithm increases NURBS is risen using NURBS.
7. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 6 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step s 5, increase
It after the control point for adding NURBS, using control point alignment algorithm and averages, finally carries out the splicing of the nurbs surface.
8. the lattice material modeling method according to claim 1 based on NURBS, which is characterized in that in step sl, institute
Stating the angle between nurbs curve is 60 °~120 °.
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