CN109975960B - Around wide-angle athermalized lens and automobile panoramic around system - Google Patents
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- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
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- 230000004304 visual acuity Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000006059 cover glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004438 eyesight Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 239000005304 optical glass Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
- G02B1/04—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements made of organic materials, e.g. plastics
- G02B1/041—Lenses
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
- G02B13/06—Panoramic objectives; So-called "sky lenses" including panoramic objectives having reflecting surfaces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
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Abstract
The invention provides a wide-angle athermalization lens with high resolving power, small optical distortion, reduced lens size, improved comprehensive performance and saved cost, which comprises the following steps: the first lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the first lens is a concave surface; the second lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the second lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the second lens is a concave surface; the third lens is provided with positive focal power, the object plane side of the third lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a convex surface; the fourth lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the fourth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a concave surface; the fifth lens is provided with positive focal power, the object plane side of the fifth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a convex surface; wherein the fourth lens is optically cemented with the fifth lens; meanwhile, the invention also provides an automobile panoramic looking-around system comprising the looking-around wide-angle athermalized lens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical lenses, in particular to a panoramic wide-angle athermalized lens and an automobile panoramic system.
Background
With the rapid development of image and computer vision technologies, more and more technologies are applied to the field of automobile electronics, and a traditional image-based reversing image system is provided with a camera only at the tail of a vehicle and can only cover a limited area around the tail of the vehicle, while dead zones around the vehicle and at the head of the vehicle clearly increase hidden danger of safe driving, and collision and scratch events are easy to occur in narrow and congested urban areas and parking lots. In order to enlarge the visual field of the driver, 360-degree omnibearing environment must be perceived, which requires that a plurality of visual sensors cooperate with each other and then a whole set of video images around the whole vehicle are formed through video synthesis processing, so that the requirement is met, and a panoramic vision parking assistance system is generated.
The panoramic looking-around system is characterized in that 4 to 8 looking-around cameras which can cover all view field ranges around the vehicle are erected around the vehicle, multiple paths of video images collected at the same time are processed into a vehicle body top view of 360 degrees around the vehicle, and finally the vehicle body top view is displayed on a screen of a central console, so that a driver can clearly see whether obstacles exist around the vehicle and know the relative positions and distances of the obstacles, and the driver can park the vehicle easily. The vehicle parking device is quite visual, no blind spot exists, a driver can control the vehicle to park in a position from the container or pass through a complex road surface, and accidents such as scratching, collision and collapse are effectively reduced.
At present, a main common wide-angle lens in the imaging lens market generally adopts a full-glass structure with overlarge distortion, or adopts a plastic material structure for only the first glass lens, so that the temperature compensation performance is poor, and the high-end vehicle-mounted market application cannot be met. The existing looking-around lens in the market has various defects such as insufficient field angle, overlarge distortion, high production cost, poor imaging quality, poor temperature compensation characteristic, complex structure and the like, and is difficult to meet the demands of users.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides the panoramic wide-angle athermalized lens which has high resolving power, small optical distortion, reduced lens size, improved comprehensive performance and cost saving, and simultaneously provides an automobile panoramic system comprising the panoramic wide-angle athermalized lens.
The technical scheme is as follows: a wide-angle athermalization lens of looking around, it includes setting up from object space to image space sequentially: a front lens group, a diaphragm, and a rear lens group; the method is characterized in that: the front lens group comprises the following components from the object space to the image space:
the lens comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, wherein the first lens has negative focal power, the object plane side of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the first lens is a concave surface;
the second lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the second lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the second lens is a concave surface;
the third lens is provided with positive focal power, the object plane side of the third lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a convex surface;
the rear lens group comprises the following components sequentially from the object side to the image side:
the fourth lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the fourth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a concave surface;
A fifth lens having positive optical power, wherein an object plane side of the fifth lens is a convex surface, and an image plane side of the third lens is a convex surface;
wherein the fourth lens is optically cemented with the fifth lens;
Meanwhile, the following relationship is satisfied:
-6<f1<-5,-4<f2<-23,2<f3<3,-2<f4<-1,0<f5<1，
-4<f1/f<-3,-3<f2/f<-2,1<f3/f<2,-1<f4/f<0,0<f5/f<1
Wherein f1 is the focal length of the first lens, f2 is the focal length of the second lens, f3 is the focal length of the third lens, f4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, f5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, and f is the focal length of the wide-angle athermalized lens.
Further, the first lens is a glass lens, the second lens is a plastic lens, the third lens is a glass lens, the fourth lens is a plastic lens, and the fifth lens is a plastic lens.
Further, the two sides of the first lens are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the second lens are aspheric surfaces, the two sides of the third lens are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the fourth lens are aspheric surfaces, and the two sides of the fifth lens are aspheric surfaces.
Further, the first lens also satisfies the following condition: nd1 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd1 is more than 40 and less than 60; wherein Nd1 is the light refractive index of the first lens, and Vd1 is the Abbe constant of the first lens;
the second lens also satisfies the following condition: nd2 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.6, vd2 is more than 50 and less than 70; wherein Nd2 is the optical refractive index of the second lens, and Vd2 is the abbe constant of the second lens;
The third lens also satisfies the following condition: nd3 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd3 is more than 20 and less than 35; wherein Nd3 is the optical refractive index of the third lens, and Vd3 is the abbe constant of the third lens;
The fourth lens further satisfies the following condition: nd4 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.7, vd4 is more than 20 and less than 30; wherein Nd4 is the optical refractive index of the fourth lens, and Vd4 is the abbe constant of the fourth lens;
The fifth lens further satisfies the following condition: nd5 is more than 1.4 and less than 1.6, vd5 is more than 50 and less than 60; wherein Nd5 is the optical refractive index of the fifth lens, and Vd5 is the abbe constant of the fifth lens.
Further, the lens further comprises an IR filter and protective glass, wherein the IR filter is positioned on one side of the fifth lens far away from the object, and the protective glass is positioned on one side of the IR filter far away from the object.
Further, the full field angle FOV of the pan-around wide angle athermalized lens is greater than 200 °.
Further, the focal length of the athermalized lens at the wide angle of view is less than 10 μm.
Further, the focal power distribution of the round-looking wide-angle athermalized lens meets the following conditions: the focal shift is required to be within + -10 mu m in the range of low temperature from-40 ℃ to Wen ℃ higher.
Further, the total optical length of the wide-angle athermalization lens is TTL, and the wide-angle athermalization lens meets the following relation: TTL <13mm.
An automobile panoramic looking-around system is characterized by comprising the looking-around wide-angle athermalized lens.
The wide-angle athermalization lens adopts less 5 lenses, realizes super wide angle, has a full field angle higher than 200 degrees, simple structure and shorter total optical length, meets the shooting requirement of the wide-angle lens, well controls stray light, and has the advantages of easy processing, simple structure and low production cost; the second, fourth and fifth lenses adopt the use of aspheric lenses to ensure the imaging quality of high definition of the lens; the first lens and the third lens are glass lenses, the second lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens are plastic lenses, and the cost is reduced by combining optical materials with different characteristics with each other and adopting a mode of combining less glass and plastic lenses; the imaging performance of the optical system is adaptively adjusted at different temperatures of-40-125 ℃ so that the focal shift is controlled within 10 mu m, the optical filter is added at the rear end of the lens, interference of infrared wave bands on imaging is filtered, and the imaging quality of the lens is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a structural combination diagram of a wide-angle athermalized lens according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of MTF for a wide-angle athermalized lens in an embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a graph of distortion of an all-around wide angle athermalized lens in an embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a defocus plot at 25℃for a wide-angle athermalized lens in an embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a defocus plot at-40℃for a wide-angle athermalized lens in an embodiment;
Fig. 6 is a defocus plot at 125 ℃ for a wide-angle athermalized lens in an example.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention provides a wide-angle athermalized lens, which comprises a front lens group 100, a diaphragm 300, a rear lens group 200 and an imaging plane 400, wherein the front lens group 100, the diaphragm 300, the rear lens group 200 and the imaging plane 400 are sequentially arranged from an object side to an image side; in fig. 1, the object space is located at the left side of the figure, and the image space is located at the right side of the figure, i.e. from the object space to the image space.
The front lens group 100 is disposed on a side closer to the object, and specifically includes:
The first lens 110 has negative focal power, the object plane side S1 of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side S2 of the first lens is a concave surface;
the second lens 120 has negative focal power, the object plane side S3 of the second lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side S4 of the second lens is a concave surface;
the third lens 130 has positive optical power, the object plane side 35 of the third lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side S6 of the third lens is a convex surface;
The rear lens group 200 includes, in order from the object side to the image side:
The fourth lens 210 has negative focal power, the object plane S8 of the fourth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane S9 of the third lens is a concave surface;
the fifth lens 220 has positive optical power, the object plane side S10 of the fifth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side S11 of the third lens is a convex surface;
Wherein the fourth lens 210 is optically cemented with the fifth lens 220;
Meanwhile, the following relationship is satisfied:
-6<f1<-5,-4<f2<-23,2<f3<3,-2<f4<-1,0<f5<1，
-4<f1/f<-3,-3<f2/f<-2,1<f3/f<2,-1<f4/f<0,0<f5/f<1
Wherein f1 is the focal length of the first lens, f2 is the focal length of the second lens, f3 is the focal length of the third lens, f4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, f5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, and f is the focal length of the wide-angle athermalized lens.
In this embodiment, preferably, the first lens 110 is a glass lens, the second lens 120 is a plastic lens, the third lens 130 is a glass lens, the fourth lens 210 is a plastic lens, the fifth lens 220 is a plastic lens, and the material of the first lens close to the object side is set to be a glass lens, so that the fireproof, high temperature resistant, high humidity resistant and scratch resistant capabilities of the wide-angle athermalization lens can be improved, the working stability of the wide-angle athermalization lens in a severe environment is improved, and the second lens, the fourth lens and the fifth lens far away from the object side are set to be plastic lenses, so that the total weight of the wide-angle athermalization lens can be reduced.
In the present embodiment, the two sides of the first lens element 110 are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the second lens element 120 are aspheric surfaces, the two sides of the third lens element 130 are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the fourth lens element 210 are aspheric surfaces, and the two sides of the fifth lens element 220 are aspheric surfaces.
The aspherical surface satisfies the following formula:
Where Z (h) is the distance vector height from the aspherical surface vertex when the aspherical surface is at a position of height h in the optical axis direction, c=1/r, r denotes the radius of curvature of the aspherical mirror surface, k is a conic coefficient conic, and A, B, C, D, E, F, G is a higher order aspherical coefficient.
Preferably, the first lens further satisfies the following condition: nd1 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd1 is more than 40 and less than 60; wherein Nd1 is the optical refractive index of the first lens, and Vd1 is the Abbe constant of the first lens;
The second lens also satisfies the following condition: nd2 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.6, vd2 is more than 50 and less than 70; wherein Nd2 is the optical refractive index of the second lens, and Vd2 is the abbe constant of the second lens;
The third lens also satisfies the following condition: nd3 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd3 is more than 20 and less than 35; wherein Nd3 is the optical refractive index of the third lens, and Vd3 is the abbe constant of the third lens;
The fourth lens also satisfies the following condition: nd4 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.7, vd4 is more than 20 and less than 30; wherein Nd4 is the light refractive index of the fourth lens, and Vd4 is the Abbe constant of the fourth lens;
the fifth lens also satisfies the following condition: nd5 is more than 1.4 and less than 1.6, vd5 is more than 50 and less than 60; where Nd5 is the optical refractive index of the fifth lens, and Vd5 is the abbe constant of the fifth lens.
To further optimize the performance of the wide-angle athermalization lens, the wide-angle athermalization lens of the present embodiment further includes an IR filter 500 and a cover glass 600.
Specifically, the IR filter 500 is located at a side of the fifth lens 220 away from the object space, the protective glass 600 is located at a side of the IR filter 500 away from the object space, the IR filter 500 has a main function of filtering interference of infrared band on imaging, and imaging quality of the lens is effectively improved, and the protective glass 600 has a main function of protecting the photosensitive assembly.
In the present embodiment, the first lens, the second lens, the third lens, the fourth lens, the fifth lens, the IR-filter, and the cover glass satisfy the following conditions as shown below:
TABLE 1
In table 1, when the radii of curvature of the surfaces of the diaphragm, the IR filter and the cover glass are Infinity, the surfaces are shown to be flat.
Preferably, the IR filter adopts optical glass with a selected linear refractive index of 1.52 and an Abbe constant of 64; preferably, the protective glass is an optical glass with a refractive index of 1.52 and an Abbe constant of 64.
Wherein, the two sides of the second lens 120, the fourth lens 210 and the fifth lens 220 are aspheric, and the aspheric coefficients are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
Optical testing was performed on the pan-around wide-angle athermalized lens in the above embodiment, fig. 2 is an MTF graph of the pan-around wide-angle athermalized lens in the above embodiment, and fig. 2 is a spatial frequency on the abscissa and a contrast on the ordinate; TS diff.Limit is the diffraction limit of meridian and sagittal, TS 0.00 (deg) represents the diffraction curve of meridian and sagittal over the 0.00 field of view of the image plane, TS 100.00 (deg) represents the diffraction curve of meridian and sagittal over the 100.00 field of view of the image plane, where the full field angle is seen to reach 200; MTF is an image quality evaluation index that is currently in common use and is called modulation transfer function. Modulation transfer function MTF: the ratio of the contrast of the image to the contrast of the object at a certain spatial frequency. The transmission capability of different spatial frequencies and different contrasts can be reflected. The modulation transfer function MTF can be used to represent the characteristics of the optical system, and the larger the MTF, the better the imaging quality of the system, as can be seen from fig. 2, the better the imaging quality of the pan-around wide-angle athermalized lens in this embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a distortion curve of the wide-angle athermal lens in the above embodiment, the left graph is a field curvature curve, the ordinate of the field curvature curve is the field angle, the abscissa is the distance of an image point from the paraxial image plane, T is the meridian field curvature, and S is the sagittal field curvature. The right graph is a distortion graph, the ordinate of the distortion graph is the field angle, the abscissa is the distortion percentage, and the field curvature graph shows the distance from the current focal plane or image plane to the paraxial focal plane as a function of the field coordinates, and is divided into a meridian field curvature and a sagittal field curvature. Distortion belongs to chief ray aberration, reflects the similarity of object images, and in the embodiment, the wide-angle athermalized lens has smaller optical distortion and clear image.
Fig. 4 is a defocus graph of the wide-angle athermalization lens at 25 ℃, fig. 5 is a defocus graph of the wide-angle athermalization lens at-40 ℃, fig. 6 is a defocus graph of the wide-angle athermalization lens at 125 ℃, and the amount of defocus on the abscissa, and the contrast on the ordinate in millimeters; TS 0.00 (deg) represents the diffraction curve in meridian and sagittal directions over the 0.00 field of view of the image plane; the defocus plot shows the near focal length shift of the color light at different wavelengths within the operating wavelength range of the system. Looking at the transfer function values of different fields of view and characteristic frequencies in a certain defocus amount range, as can be seen from fig. 4, 5 and 6, the round-looking wide-angle athermalized lens in the embodiment ensures stable imaging requirements of optical characteristics in a range from low temperature of-40 ℃ to high temperature of 125 ℃ and realizes self-adaptive adjustment of imaging performance of an optical system at-40 ℃ to 125 ℃.
The invention also provides an automobile panoramic looking-around system, which comprises the looking-around wide-angle athermalized lens.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (9)
1. A wide-angle athermalization lens of looking around, it includes setting up from object space to image space sequentially: a front lens group, a diaphragm, and a rear lens group; the method is characterized in that: the front lens group comprises the following components from the object space to the image space:
the lens comprises a first lens, a second lens and a third lens, wherein the first lens has negative focal power, the object plane side of the first lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the first lens is a concave surface;
the second lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the second lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the second lens is a concave surface;
the third lens is provided with positive focal power, the object plane side of the third lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the third lens is a convex surface;
the rear lens group comprises the following components sequentially from the object side to the image side:
the fourth lens is provided with negative focal power, the object plane side of the fourth lens is a convex surface, and the image plane side of the fourth lens is a concave surface;
A fifth lens having positive optical power, wherein an object plane side of the fifth lens is a convex surface, and an image plane side of the fifth lens is a convex surface;
wherein the fourth lens is optically cemented with the fifth lens;
Meanwhile, the following relationship is satisfied:
-6<f1<-5,-23<f2<-4,2<f3<3,-2<f4<-1,0<f5<1，
-4<f1/f<-3,-3<f2/f<-2,1<f3/f<2,-1<f4/f<0,0<f5/f<1
Wherein f1 is the focal length of the first lens, f2 is the focal length of the second lens, f3 is the focal length of the third lens, f4 is the focal length of the fourth lens, f5 is the focal length of the fifth lens, and f is the focal length of the wide-angle athermalized lens;
The first lens is a glass lens, the second lens is a plastic lens, the third lens is a glass lens, the fourth lens is a plastic lens, and the fifth lens is a plastic lens.
2. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the two sides of the first lens are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the second lens are aspheric surfaces, the two sides of the third lens are spherical surfaces, the two sides of the fourth lens are aspheric surfaces, and the two sides of the fifth lens are aspheric surfaces.
3. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the first lens also satisfies the following condition: nd1 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd1 is more than 40 and less than 60; wherein Nd1 is the light refractive index of the first lens, and Vd1 is the Abbe constant of the first lens;
the second lens also satisfies the following condition: nd2 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.6, vd2 is more than 50 and less than 70; wherein Nd2 is the optical refractive index of the second lens, and Vd2 is the abbe constant of the second lens;
The third lens also satisfies the following condition: nd3 is more than 1.7 and less than 1.9, vd3 is more than 20 and less than 35; wherein Nd3 is the optical refractive index of the third lens, and Vd3 is the abbe constant of the third lens;
The fourth lens further satisfies the following condition: nd4 is more than 1.5 and less than 1.7, vd4 is more than 20 and less than 30; wherein Nd4 is the optical refractive index of the fourth lens, and Vd4 is the abbe constant of the fourth lens;
The fifth lens further satisfies the following condition: nd5 is more than 1.4 and less than 1.6, vd5 is more than 50 and less than 60; wherein Nd5 is the optical refractive index of the fifth lens, and Vd5 is the abbe constant of the fifth lens.
4. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the lens further comprises an IR filter plate and protective glass, wherein the IR filter plate is positioned on one side, far away from the object space, of the fifth lens, and the protective glass is positioned on one side, far away from the object space, of the IR filter plate.
5. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the full field angle FOV of the pan-around wide-angle athermalized lens is greater than 200 °.
6. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the focal length of the athermalized lens at the wide angle is smaller than 10 mu m.
7. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the focal power distribution of the round-looking wide-angle athermalization lens meets the following conditions: the focal shift is required to be within + -10 mu m in the range of low temperature from-40 ℃ to Wen ℃ higher.
8. The wide-angle athermalized lens of claim 1, wherein: the total optical length of the all-around wide-angle athermalization lens is TTL, and the all-around wide-angle athermalization lens meets the following relational expression: TTL <13mm.
9. An automotive panoramic all-around system, characterized in that: comprising a wide-angle athermalized lens according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN110412744B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2023-11-14 | 福建福光天瞳光学有限公司 | Novel rearview optical system and manufacturing method thereof |
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