CN109975175A - A kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device and method - Google Patents
A kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109975175A CN109975175A CN201910263026.8A CN201910263026A CN109975175A CN 109975175 A CN109975175 A CN 109975175A CN 201910263026 A CN201910263026 A CN 201910263026A CN 109975175 A CN109975175 A CN 109975175A
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- glass
- high temperature
- test specimen
- temperature resistant
- heating
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N9/00—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity
- G01N9/08—Investigating density or specific gravity of materials; Analysing materials by determining density or specific gravity by measuring buoyant force of solid materials by weighing both in air and in a liquid
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device and methods, comprising: heating and control system, heating and control system include heating furnace base, heating furnace body, heating element and the galvanic couple group for realizing computer heating control；Density measurement system, density measurement system include glass melting container, high temperature resistant test specimen and weighing device；Glass melting container is placed in heating-furnace body, and high temperature resistant test specimen is connected on weighing device by high temperature resistant connecting line；By buoyancy variation of the high temperature resistant test specimen in glass melt, the density of high temp glass melt is calculated；The configuration of the present invention is simple, principle be concise, easy to operate, measurement period was less than 4 hours, measurement accuracy and reproducible, can measure temperature up to 1650 DEG C, the density of the high-temp liquid of the glass of even higher temperature and metal material and organic melt.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to glass technology fields, and in particular to a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device and method, it can
For measuring the glass melt density under hot conditions, other materials liquid condition or melt shape under the high temperature conditions also can measure
The density parameter of state.
Background technique
Glass density refers to the glass quality of unit volume, conventional unit g/cm3.The density of glass depends primarily on group
Also closely related with atom packing tightness degree and ligancy at the atomic mass of glass, it is that characterization glass structure is close
The important parameter of degree, and important parameter the problems such as research glass structure, surface tension, viscosity and ion diffusion.
Currently, most glass production manufacturers are using glass room temperature density as the important means of control production technology
One of, room temperature glass density is measured daily according to regulation system, because glass density is one than more sensitive physicochemical property, glass
Glass density and chemical composition are closely related, as long as small variation occurs on composition, room temperature density will reflect immediately；And
The measurement of glass ingredient has hysteresis quality, and the measurement of glass density is simple, quick, precision is high, expense is lower, therefore production process
In usually require measurement glass density go control produce, greatly reduce the analysis frequency of glass ingredient, thus reach control production
Purpose.
At room temperature, glass is the solid with certain form, and the measurement of density is easier to realize, measurement side
Method includes density bottle method, Archimedes method, hydrostatics weight method, sink-float comparison method etc.；But in high temperature, high pressure and corrosion etc.
Under special environment condition, glass has become liquid or glutinous body at this time, and glass has not had the specific modality of solid, can not
The influence according to the material coefficient of expansion to volume is estimated again, therefore is difficult approximate derivation glass melt density value, actually
Many materials are varied with temperature in the coefficient of expansion of different temperatures including glass material, are had under cryogenic close
Like linear rule, and the variation after knee pointy temperature or Curie temperature be it is sufficiently complex, there are non-linear relations, so
Often there is relatively large deviation in the theory deduction of glass density under the high temperature conditions, eventually because of high temp glass fusant density error
It has an immense impact on to melt characteristic calculating, fluid mechanical design, immeasurable economic loss will be generated, even result in technology
Exploitation and engineering design failure.
When glass melt is in 1000-1680 DEG C, when even higher temperature, traditional glass density measurement method can not expire
Sufficient glass melt density measure, and manufacture need with actual production with the development of science and technology, such as glass surface tension etc.
Importance Quality Research needs the glass melt density under hot conditions, therefore the density measure of high temp glass melt seems especially
It is important.
In conclusion being badly in need of inventing a kind of device and method that can measure glass melt density under hot conditions.
Summary of the invention
For the problem of glass melt density measure under hot conditions, the present invention provides a kind of high temp glass fusant density survey
Device and method is measured, is changed by buoyancy of the specific high temperature resistant test specimen in glass melt, and then it is molten that high temp glass is calculated
Volume density；The measuring device and method can measure temperature up to 1650 DEG C, the glass melt and metal material of even higher temperature
High-temp liquid and organic melt density.
The invention discloses a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring devices, comprising:
Heating and control system, it is described heating and control system include heating furnace base, heating furnace body, heating element and
Realize the galvanic couple group of computer heating control；
Density measurement system, the density measurement system include glass melting container, high temperature resistant test specimen and weighing device；Institute
It states glass melting container to be placed in heating-furnace body, the high temperature resistant test specimen is connected to the weighing by high temperature resistant connecting line and fills
It sets；By buoyancy variation of the high temperature resistant test specimen in glass melt, the density of high temp glass melt is calculated.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the heating furnace body is hollow cylindrical configuration, in the heating-furnace body
The heating element uniformly distributed in a ring is installed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the galvanic couple group includes:
Temperature-control heat couple, the temperature for the heating furnace body inner space control；
Temperature thermocouple is made for measuring the temperature of the glass melting container with the temperature of the glass melting container
For the temperature of glass melt.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the heat resisting temperature of the high temperature resistant test specimen is greater than greater than 1700 DEG C, density
3.8g/cm3。
As a further improvement of the present invention, the glass melting container is crucible, and the high temperature resistant test specimen is cylinder cone
Body structure, the high temperature resistant connecting line are platinum wire, and the weighing device is assay balance.
As a further improvement of the present invention, further includes:
Lifting drive system, the lifting drive system include furnace bottom elevating mechanism and weighing device elevating mechanism；
The furnace bottom elevating mechanism is connected with the heating furnace base, controls the heating furnace base and moves up and down；
The weighing device elevating mechanism is connected with the weighing device, controls the weighing device and moves up and down.
As a further improvement of the present invention, further includes:
Rack and accessory system, the rack and accessory system include rack, heating furnace top cover and alloy sheets；
The rack is used to support and fixes the heating and control system, density measurement system and lifting drive system；
The heating furnace top cover covers at the upper opening of the heating furnace body, is equipped in the middle part of the heating furnace top cover for institute
State the through-hole that high temperature resistant test specimen passes through；
The alloy sheets are located at the surface of the heating furnace top cover.
The present invention also provides a kind of high temp glass fusant density measurement methods, comprising:
The high temperature resistant test specimen is immersed in the high temp glass melt of the glass melting container；
The of poor quality of front and back is immersed based on the high temperature resistant test specimen, calculates the buoyancy of the high temperature resistant test specimen；
Based on the buoyancy and volume of the high temperature resistant test specimen, the density of the high temp glass melt under the conditions of the temperature is calculated.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the high temperature that the high temperature resistant test specimen is immersed to the glass melting container
In glass melt, comprising:
Glass sample is launched in the glass melting container, the glass melting container is placed in the heating furnace bottom
In seat；
The furnace bottom elevating mechanism is opened, the heating furnace base and glass melting container are sent into the heating furnace body
It is interior；
It opens the heating element and is sent into electric energy, heat up by the galvanic couple group set temperature, by the glass sample
It is fused into glass melt；
The weighing device elevating mechanism is opened, the high temperature resistant test specimen is immersed to the high temperature glass of the glass melting container
In glass melt.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the calculation formula of the density of high temp glass melt are as follows:
ρGlass=Ft/gVt
Ft=M-Mt
In formula:
ρGlassFor the glass melt density under the conditions of the temperature；
FtFor the buoyancy of high temperature resistant test specimen；
M is the heavy amount before high temperature resistant test specimen and the immersion of high temperature resistant connecting line；
MtHeavy amount after being immersed for high temperature resistant test specimen and high temperature resistant connecting line；
G is acceleration of gravity；
VtFor the volume of the high temperature resistant test specimen of immersion glass melt under condition of different temperatures.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the benefit that
The configuration of the present invention is simple, principle be concise, easy to operate, measurement period was less than 4 hours, measurement accuracy and repeatability
It is good, it can measure temperature up to 1650 DEG C, the high-temp liquid of the materials such as the glass of even higher temperature and metal and organic melt
Density.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of high temp glass fusant density measuring device disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the cross-sectional view of heating furnace body in Fig. 1.
1, rack；2, furnace bottom elevating mechanism；3, furnace base is heated；4, heating furnace body；5, crucible；6, high temperature resistant test specimen；
7, platinum wire；8, furnace top cover is heated；9, alloy sheets；10, assay balance；11, assay balance elevating mechanism；12, heating element；
13, temperature-control heat couple；14, temperature thermocouple.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, ordinary skill people
Member's every other embodiment obtained without making creative work, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention provides a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device and measuring method, comprising: heating and control system
And density measurement system；Wherein:
Heating and control system include heating furnace base, heating furnace body, heating element and the galvanic couple for realizing computer heating control
Group；Density measurement system includes glass melting container, high temperature resistant test specimen and weighing device；Glass melting container is placed in heating-furnace
In vivo, high temperature resistant test specimen is connected on weighing device by high temperature resistant connecting line.
When measurement, high temperature resistant test specimen is immersed in the high temp glass melt of glass melting container；It is soaked based on high temperature resistant test specimen
Enter the of poor quality of front and back, calculates the buoyancy of high temperature resistant test specimen；Buoyancy and volume based on high temperature resistant test specimen calculate the temperature condition
Under high temp glass melt density.
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawing:
As shown in Figure 1, 2, the present invention provides a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device, heating and control system, close
Spend measuring system, lifting drive system, rack and accessory system；Wherein:
Heating and control system of the invention is used to control the heating and cooling of heating furnace comprising heating furnace base 3 adds
Hot stove furnace body 4, heating element 12 and galvanic couple group (temperature-control heat couple 13, temperature thermocouple 14)；Heating furnace body 4 is hollow tube-shape
Structure, heating furnace body 4 are that crucible 5 (glass melting container) provides thermal energy and placement space；Heating element 12 is used for heat outputting
Can, promote glass specimen in crucible 5 to be fused into glass melt；Heating element uniformly distributed in a ring is installed in heating furnace body 4
12, so that uniformity of temperature profile in heating furnace, existing conventional electrically heated rod etc. is can be selected in heating element 12；Temperature-control heat couple 13
Temperature for 4 inner space of heating furnace body controls；Temperature thermocouple 14 is mounted on heating furnace base 3 and places for measuring
The temperature of crucible 5 on heating furnace base 3, using the temperature of crucible 5 as the temperature of high temp glass melt.
Density measurement system of the invention selects heat resisting temperature to be greater than 3.8g/cm greater than 1700 DEG C, density3High temperature resistant examination
Part can not only keep test specimen form and volume, it may also be ensured that test specimen can soak people's overwhelming majority silicate glass completely
In melt, silicate glass fusant density is generally less than 2.8g/cm3, such high temperature resistant Sample density be greater than glass melt density,
When glass is in melt state, it is ensured that test specimen is immersed in glass melt；Density measurement system of the invention is used for will be heat-resisting
Temperature is greater than 1700 DEG C, and density is greater than 3.8g/cm3Test specimen immerse glass melt, its buoyancy is measured, according to Archimedes principle
It is anti-to release glass melt density pGlass=Ft/gVt, FtFor the buoyancy under the conditions of locating temperature；G is acceleration of gravity；VtFor in difference
The test specimen volume of glass melt, V are immersed under the conditions of temperaturetExpansion variation of the measurement & characterization according to corresponding temperature under hot conditions
Obtained by the polynomial computation of derivation.Density measurement system include glass melting container, high temperature resistant test specimen 6, high temperature resistant connecting line and
Weighing device, glass melting container of the invention can be selected crucible 5, platinum wire 7, weighing device can be selected in high temperature resistant connecting line can
Analysis about Selection balance 10, but it is not limited to above-mentioned specific device；High temperature resistant test specimen 6 is connected to assay balance by platinum wire 7
On 10.Crucible 5 recommends diameter 50-80mm, capacity 50-150mL for holding glass specimen；The preferred platinum of crucible material, just
The materials such as jade, graphite；High temperature resistant test specimen 6 is cylinder cone structure, and cone structure is located at the lower part of cylindrical structure, and cone structure can
Promote high temperature resistant test specimen 6 to overcome glass melt viscosity and surface tension effects, is allowed to immerse in glass melt；High temperature resistant test specimen 6
The materials such as the preferred platinum of material, corundum, preferred 60-120 ° of cone angle, the preferred 8-20mm of cone diameter, 6 matter of high temperature resistant test specimen
Preferred 16-48g is measured, annulus hole is arranged at the top (top) of high temperature resistant test specimen 6, can connect high temperature resistant test specimen 6 for platinum wire 7 and create item
Part, platinum wire 7 is for connecting test specimen 6 and assay balance 10, the preferred 0.1-0.6mm of platinum wire diameter.Assay balance 10 is city's pin
Commodity, maximum capacity is up to 120g, and minimum sensibility reciprocal is 0.1mg, and assay balance 10 has bottom linkage function, can be with platinum
Silk 7 connects, and assay balance 10 weighs the gross mass M of platinum wire 7 and test specimen 6.The meeting when test specimen 6, which declines, to be immersed inside glass melt
Generate buoyancy Ft(Ft=M-Mt), the platinum wire 7 and 6 mass of test specimen that assay balance 10 weighs at this time become Mt；Therefore buoyancy (Ft)
The density for being glass melt under condition of different temperatures calculating creates conditions.
Lifting drive system of the invention is for realizing the elevating function for heating furnace base 3 and assay balance 10, including furnace
Bottom elevating mechanism 2 and assay balance elevating mechanism 11, bottom elevating mechanism 2 and assay balance elevating mechanism 11 are provided by servo motor
Power heats furnace base 2 by screw drive or assay balance 10 moves up and down, the transmission speed 0.5-2m/ of elevating mechanism
Min, driving quality are 10-50N.
Rack and accessory system of the invention is used to support and fixes heating and control system, density measurement system, lifting
Transmission system and protection function, the system include rack 1, heating furnace top cover 8, alloy sheets 9.Rack 1 can be closed by aluminium
Gold, stainless steel and other Metal Material Weldings assemble, and adapt to above system dimensions.Furnace top cover 8 is heated to use
In reduce heating furnace heat loss, lightweight refracrory preferably resistant to high temperature, for block the upward dissipated heat of heating furnace to point
It is influenced caused by analysis balance 10.Alloy sheets 9 are located at the top of heating furnace body 4, play the role of completely cutting off heat, prevent high temperature to point
Analysis balance 10 damages.
The present invention provides a kind of high temp glass fusant density measurement method, comprising:
The both bulk glasses sample to be measured of bubble-free, calculus is launched in crucible 5, glass specimen dosage 150- is recommended
Crucible is placed on heating furnace base 3 by 200g, and furnace base 3 and the feeding heating of crucible 5 will be heated by opening furnace bottom elevating mechanism 2
In furnace body 4；It is sent into electric energy to the heating element 12 inside heating furnace body 4, is risen by 13 set temperature of temperature-control heat couple
Temperature, until after glass specimen becomes melt；Assay balance 10 is subjected to necessary calibration and clear operation, then by platinum wire 7 one
End is connect with test specimen 6, and platinum wire other end is connected with 10 bottom of assay balance hook.Platinum wire 7 and test specimen 6 are suspended on point
The lower section of balance 10 is analysed, both makes (platinum wire 7 and test specimen 6) in heating furnace body 4, weighs platinum wire 7 and test specimen 6 at this time
Gross mass is M, then declines assay balance elevating mechanism 11, is immersed in test specimen 6 in glass melt, and assay balance 10 weighs
Quality is gradually become smaller by buoyancy of the test specimen 6 in glass melt, until it is constant, illustrate that test specimen 6 has been totally immersed into glass
In melt, record 14 temperature of temperature thermocouple is as glass temperatures value this moment, and assay balance 10 weighs quality readings this moment
For Mt, pass through buoyancy Ft (Ft=M-Mt) obtained and glass melt density calculation formula ρGlass=Ft/gVt, calculate and obtain the temperature
Glass melt density p under the conditions of degreeGlass.After the completion of measuring work, test job is carried out reverse operating one time, from glass melt
In extract test specimen 6, remove crucible 5, stop heating, it is entire to measure work and complete.
The configuration of the present invention is simple, principle be concise, easy to operate, measurement period was less than 4 hours, can measure temperature up to 1650
DEG C, the glass of even higher temperature；The present invention is not limited merely to the glass melt density under measurement hot conditions, also can measure
Other materials liquid condition or the seal parameters of melt state under the high temperature conditions；Survey of its measurement method with high temp glass melt
Amount method is consistent；
Measurement accuracy of the invention and reproducible, measurement accuracy has benefited from 0.1mg assay balance and reasonable structure is set
Meter, it is often more important that be that mass measurement vertically carries out, using the flexibility of platinum wire 7, can ensure heatproof and very
Realize mass transfer well.In addition, for same glass material (such as float flat glass, belong to soda-lime-silica glass system),
It under the conditions of identical temperature (1450 DEG C), measures 5 times respectively, glass melt density variation is less than 0.0020g/cm3, almost can be with
Reach the level of the measurement density of solid of room temperature condition；Meanwhile the circular configuration of heating furnace body 4, heating element 12 is uniform
The measurement accuracy height of distribution, temperature-control heat couple 13 and temperature thermocouple 14 can guarantee final measurement accuracy.
These are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for those skilled in the art
For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, it is made it is any modification,
Equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high temp glass fusant density measuring device characterized by comprising
Heating and control system, the heating and control system include heating furnace base, heating furnace body, heating element and realization
The galvanic couple group of computer heating control；
Density measurement system, the density measurement system include glass melting container, high temperature resistant test specimen and weighing device；The glass
Glass melting vessel is placed in heating-furnace body, and the high temperature resistant test specimen is connected to the weighing device by high temperature resistant connecting line
On；By buoyancy variation of the high temperature resistant test specimen in glass melt, the density of high temp glass melt is calculated.
2. measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heating furnace body is hollow cylindrical configuration, described
The heating element uniformly distributed in a ring is installed in heating-furnace body.
3. measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the galvanic couple group includes:
Temperature-control heat couple, the temperature for the heating furnace body inner space control；
Temperature thermocouple, for measuring the temperature of the glass melting container, using the temperature of the glass melting container as glass
The temperature of glass melt.
4. measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the heat resisting temperature of the high temperature resistant test specimen is greater than 1700
DEG C, density be greater than 3.8g/cm3。
5. measuring device as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that the glass melting container is crucible, the high temperature resistant
Test specimen is cylinder cone structure, and the high temperature resistant connecting line is platinum wire, and the weighing device is assay balance.
6. measuring device as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include:
Lifting drive system, the lifting drive system include furnace bottom elevating mechanism and weighing device elevating mechanism；
The furnace bottom elevating mechanism is connected with the heating furnace base, controls the heating furnace base and moves up and down；
The weighing device elevating mechanism is connected with the weighing device, controls the weighing device and moves up and down.
7. measuring device as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that further include:
Rack and accessory system, the rack and accessory system include rack, heating furnace top cover and alloy sheets；
The rack is used to support and fixes the heating and control system, density measurement system and lifting drive system；
The heating furnace top cover covers at the upper opening of the heating furnace body, is equipped in the middle part of the heating furnace top cover for described resistance to
The through-hole that high temperature test specimen passes through；
The alloy sheets are located at the surface of the heating furnace top cover.
8. a kind of measurement method based on measuring device as claimed in claim 6 characterized by comprising
The high temperature resistant test specimen is immersed in the high temp glass melt of the glass melting container；
The of poor quality of front and back is immersed based on the high temperature resistant test specimen, calculates the buoyancy of the high temperature resistant test specimen；
Based on the buoyancy and volume of the high temperature resistant test specimen, the density of the high temp glass melt under the conditions of the temperature is calculated.
9. measurement method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that described to melt the high temperature resistant test specimen immersion glass
In the high temp glass melt for changing container, comprising:
Glass sample is launched in the glass melting container, the glass melting container is placed in the heating furnace base
In；
The furnace bottom elevating mechanism is opened, the heating furnace base and glass melting container are sent into the heating-furnace body；
It opens the heating element and is sent into electric energy, heat up by the galvanic couple group set temperature, the glass sample is melted
At glass melt；
The weighing device elevating mechanism is opened, the high temp glass that the high temperature resistant test specimen immerses the glass melting container is melted
In body.
10. measurement method as claimed in claim 8, which is characterized in that the calculation formula of the density of high temp glass melt are as follows:
ρGlass=Ft/gVt
Ft=M-Mt
In formula:
ρGlassFor the glass melt density under the conditions of the temperature；
FtFor the buoyancy of high temperature resistant test specimen；
M is the heavy amount before high temperature resistant test specimen and the immersion of high temperature resistant connecting line；
MtHeavy amount after being immersed for high temperature resistant test specimen and high temperature resistant connecting line；
G is acceleration of gravity；
VtFor the volume of the high temperature resistant test specimen of immersion glass melt under condition of different temperatures.
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| CN110793882A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-02-14 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Experimental device and method for measuring sea ice density on site |
| CN111883272A (en) * | 2020-07-23 | 2020-11-03 | 上海核工程研究设计院有限公司 | Online measuring device and method for density of ultra-high temperature melting working medium |
| CN113702240A (en) * | 2021-09-18 | 2021-11-26 | 河南旭阳光电科技有限公司 | Glass density detection device and detection method |
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Application publication date: 20190705 |