CN109974970A - A kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement method - Google Patents

A kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement method Download PDF

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CN109974970A
CN109974970A CN201910338766.3A CN201910338766A CN109974970A CN 109974970 A CN109974970 A CN 109974970A CN 201910338766 A CN201910338766 A CN 201910338766A CN 109974970 A CN109974970 A CN 109974970A
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sand
copper pipe
circular copper
sink
jet flow
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CN109974970B (en
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王川
成立
焦伟轩
罗灿
张帝
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Yangzhou University
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B11/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
    • G01B11/24Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring contours or curvatures
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M10/00Hydrodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on ship-testing tanks or water tunnels
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01SRADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
    • G01S17/00Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
    • G01S17/02Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
    • G01S17/06Systems determining position data of a target
    • G01S17/08Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only

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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of pulseds for scouring experiment to flood impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement method, circular copper pipe and the detachable fixation of angle scale, and sand bed is put among two block baffles;Water in reservoir sequentially passes through magnetic drive pump, flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, hose, circular copper pipe, and projects from circular copper pipe, impacts in sand bed;First camera, laser infrared line rangefinder are installed on above sink, and first camera is used to shoot the face profile on sand pit and sand dune, and laser infrared line rangefinder is used for sand pit and sand dune in the range measurement of vertical direction;Second camera is placed in sink side, impacts the formation on sand dune and motion process in entire scour process in sand bed from projecting in circular copper pipe for shooting jet stream.The configuration of the present invention is simple, design rationally, can comprehensively study the affecting laws that Reynolds number, angle of attack, impact distance and pulse period flood impact jet flow performance of flushing to pulsed.

Description

A kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement Method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of pulseds for scouring experiment to flood impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement method, main It is used to measure the performance of flushing that pulsed floods impact jet flow.
Background technique
The problem of washing away of impact jet flow has been related to extensive engineering background.It is high in water conservancy and hydropower outlet work The aerial overflow punching that the outlet that the aperture water flow of head arch dam falls into the discharge structures such as cushion pool, flood discharging tunnel or spillway is chosen Hitting downstream river course is exactly typical impact jet flow phenomenon, and the high-velocity flow for possessing huge energy directly crashes into underwater bed, if Riverbed is not protected, is bound to cause more serious erosion damage.In addition, side in waterway dredging project throw spoil disposal, Forced erosion, the greasy filth dredging that industrial oil tank fills bottom is that problem is washed away in typical impact jet flow.
It is paid close attention to due to the problem of washing away of impact jet flow, thus by people.Currently, traditional impact jet flow scouring experiment platform Have the following characteristics that impact jet flow can be divided into perpendicular according to the difference of angle of attack (angle of jet axis and impact wall surface) Straight impact jet flow and oblique impact jet flow, it is most of to impact since the experimental provision of vertical impact jet flow and flowing are relatively easy Jet erosion experimental bench is directed to vertical impact jet flow;The oblique impact jet flow scouring experiment platform of small part, angle of attack are fixed It is constant, the impact jet flow scouring experiment of different angle of attack can not be carried out;Past impact jet flow scouring experiment only measures scour hole Depth, not no important parameters such as the shape of scour hole and area.The Master's thesis of Qin Yan " chooses stream punching hole based on impact pressure Master's thesis " self-excitation air-breathing pulse liquid-gas jet erosion effect disquisition (2014) institute of Study on Forecasting Method " (2007), Song Zhe The submerged impact jet flow scouring experiment of progress has above-mentioned 2,3 features.
Through retrieving, there is presently no the patents that impact jet flow scouring experiment is flooded about pulsed.
Summary of the invention
In order to study the performance of flushing that pulsed floods impact jet flow, the present invention provides a kind of arteries and veins for scouring experiment The formula of punching floods impact jet flow experimental provision and its measurement method, which can comprehensively study Reynolds number, angle of attack, impact Distance and pulse period flood the affecting laws of impact jet flow performance of flushing to pulsed.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this, and a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experiment dress It sets, it is characterized in that: including angle scale, circular copper pipe, sand bed, reservoir, magnetic drive pump, flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, water Slot, hose, baffle, first camera, laser infrared line rangefinder, second camera;
The angle scale is fixed on support frame;The circular copper pipe and the detachable fixation of angle scale, and circular copper pipe is at angle Scale upper angle is adjustable;
The bottom of gullet interval is placed with two block baffles, and sand bed is put among two block baffles;
Reservoir is successively penetrated through through magnetic drive pump, flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, hose and circular copper pipe and is connected, round Copper pipe one end and hose penetrate through, and the other end is placed in above the sand bed in sink;Water in reservoir sequentially pass through magnetic drive pump, Flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, hose, circular copper pipe, and projected from circular copper pipe, it impacts in sand bed;
Jet stream is projected from circular copper pipe, is impacted in sand bed, and the sand pit for being similar to ellipse, and the sand in sand pit are formed Son is washed to downstream and forms sand dune;
The first camera, laser infrared line rangefinder are installed on above sink, and first camera is used to shoot sand pit and sand dune Face profile, laser infrared line rangefinder in the range measurement of vertical direction, that is, are used to measure sand pit for sand pit and sand dune Depth and the height on sand dune;The second camera is placed in sink side, and punching is projected from circular copper pipe for shooting jet stream Hit the formation on sand dune and motion process in the entire scour process in sand bed.
The sand bed is what natural sand was formed.
The sink is tempered glass sink, and sink is rectangular.
The sink is set to the top of reservoir, and the side wall upper part of sink is equipped with gap, and gap is equipped with lower lock Door, gap are located at the top of reservoir.
The shape of the angle scale is 1/4 round, the angle scale be equipped with centre bore, 7 it is lateral opening, centre bore is set to The right angle of angle scale, 7 lateral opening to be set at the arc-shaped side of angle scale, and centre bore and 7 lateral opening lines form 7 mutually Between 15 degree of the line segment in interval;
2 apertures are added in the centre bore and each lateral opening two sides, 2 apertures of centre bore two sides and lateral opening two sides 2 mountable fixing pieces of aperture, circular copper pipe is close to by fixing piece to be fixed on angle scale, is fixed on by circular copper pipe It is different it is lateral opening on, the angle of adjustment circular copper pipe is realized, so as to adjust the angle of attack of impact jet flow.
The circular copper pipe is stretchable formula circular copper pipe.
The impulse generator is used to form the pulsing jet of different frequency.
The angle scale can move up and down on the support frame.
A method of the pulsed for scouring experiment is flooded impact jet flow experimental provision and is measured, it is characterized in that:
First circular copper pipe is adjusted into angle on angle scale, and is fixed on angle scale;Circular copper pipe is placed in above sand bed; Start magnetic drive pump, the water in reservoir sequentially passes through magnetic drive pump, flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, hose, round copper Pipe, and projected from circular copper pipe, it impacts in sand bed, forms the sand pit for being similar to ellipse, and the sand quilt in sand pit It washes away to downstream and forms sand dune;The face profile that sand pit and sand dune are shot with first camera, with laser infrared line stadia surveying The distance of sand pit and sand dune in vertical direction;Second camera is placed in sink side, and shooting jet stream projects punching from circular copper pipe Hit the formation on sand dune and motion process in the entire scour process in sand bed.
Structure of the invention rationally, manufacture be easy, it is easy to use, through the invention, the experimental provision include angle scale, Circular copper pipe, sand bed, reservoir, magnetic drive pump, flowmeter, gate valve, impulse generator, sink, hose, baffle, camera (packet Include first camera, second camera) and laser infrared line rangefinder, from circular copper pipe injection, impact is formed not jet stream in sand bed The sand pit and sand dune of similar shape.One of important content of the present invention, angle scale are to dig out 1 on one 1/4 round poly (methyl methacrylate) plate Centre bore and 7 it is lateral opening, centre bore and lateral opening line form 7 line segments for being separated by 15 degree, each centre bore and lateral opening two sides Respectively 2 apertures of addition force copper pipe to be close to glass plate and pass through to add fixing piece at centre bore and lateral opening side position Any line segment, so as to adjust the angle of attack of impact jet flow;Furthermore, it is possible to by stretching copper pipe or upper and lower adjusting angle scale Impact distance highly to adjust copper pipe outlet and sand bed.The two of important content of the present invention, this experiment is using pulse generation Device controls opening time and shut-in time by it, so that the pulsing jet of different frequency is formed, in order to eliminate pump itself pressure Power pulsation bring impulse disturbances, this experiment use the magnetic drive pump for basically will not produce pressure fluctuation as power source.The present invention The three of important content install first camera and laser infrared line rangefinder respectively above sink, and first camera is for shooting sand The face profile in hole and sand dune, laser infrared line rangefinder are used for sand pit and sand dune in the range measurement in y-axis direction;In sink side Second camera is placed in face, for shooting the formation on sand dune and motion process in entire scour process.
Beneficial outcomes of the invention are: Reynolds number, angle of attack, impact distance can be comprehensively studied by PIV experiment And the pulse period floods the affecting laws of impact jet flow performance of flushing to pulsed.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is main view direction structural schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 2 is overlook direction structural schematic diagram of the invention.
In figure: 1 angle scale, 2 circular copper pipes, 3 sand beds, 4 tail gates, 5 reservoirs, 6 magnetic drive pumps, 7 flowmeters, 8 gate valves, 9 Impulse generator, 10 sinks, 11 hoses, 12 baffles, 13 first cameras, 14 laser infrared line rangefinders, 15 second cameras.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the attached drawing in present example, the technical solution in present example is described in detail.
A kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experimental provision, including angle scale 1, circular copper pipe 2, husky Bed 3, reservoir 5, magnetic drive pump 6, flowmeter 7, gate valve 8, impulse generator 9, sink 10, hose 11, baffle 12, the first phase Machine 13, laser infrared line rangefinder 14, second camera 15.
Angle scale 1 is fixed on support frame;Circular copper pipe 2 and the detachable fixation of angle scale 1, and circular copper pipe 2 is at angle 1 upper angle of scale is adjustable.
Two block baffles 12 are placed in 10 bottom interval of sink, sand bed 3 is put among two block baffles 12;Reservoir 5 successively passes through Magnetic drive pump 6, flowmeter 7, gate valve 8, impulse generator 9, hose 11 and the perforation of circular copper pipe 2 connect, 2 one end of circular copper pipe It is penetrated through with hose 11, the other end is placed in 3 top of sand bed in sink 10;Water in reservoir 5 sequentially pass through magnetic drive pump 6, Flowmeter 7, gate valve 8, impulse generator 9, hose 11, circular copper pipe 2, and projected from circular copper pipe 2, impact sand bed 3 On.Jet stream is projected from circular copper pipe 2, is impacted in sand bed 3, and the sand pit for being similar to ellipse is formed, and in sand pit Sand is washed to downstream and forms sand dune.
First camera 13, laser infrared line rangefinder 14 are installed on 10 top of sink, and first camera 13 is for shooting sand pit And the face profile on sand dune, laser infrared line rangefinder 14 in the range measurement of vertical direction, that is, are used for for sand pit and sand dune Measure the depth in sand pit and the height on sand dune;Second camera 15 is placed in 10 side of sink, for shooting jet stream from round copper It is projected in pipe 2 and impacts the formation on sand dune and motion process in the entire scour process in sand bed 3.
In the present embodiment, sand bed 3 is what natural sand was formed.Sink 10 is tempered glass sink, and the shape of sink 10 is side Shape.
Sink 10 is set to the top of reservoir 5, gap is arranged in the side wall upper part of sink 10, under being arranged on gap Gate 4, gap are located at the top of reservoir 5.
The shape of angle scale 1 is 1/4 round, be arranged on angle scale 1 centre bore, 7 it is lateral opening, centre bore is set to angle The right angle of disk 1, at 7 lateral opening arc-shaped sides for being set to angle scale 1, centre bore and 7 lateral opening lines formed 7 it is mutual it Between 15 degree of the line segment in interval.2 apertures are added in centre bore and each lateral opening two sides, 2 apertures of centre bore two sides and 2 mountable fixing pieces of aperture of lateral opening two sides, circular copper pipe 2 is close to by fixing piece to be fixed on angle scale 1, and circle is passed through Shape copper pipe 2 be fixed on it is different it is lateral opening on, the angle of adjustment circular copper pipe 2 is realized, so as to adjust the angle of attack of impact jet flow.
Further, circular copper pipe 2 is stretchable formula circular copper pipe.Impulse generator 9 is used to form the arteries and veins of different frequency Rush jet stream.Angle scale 1 can move up and down on the support frame.
A method of the pulsed for scouring experiment is flooded impact jet flow experimental provision and is measured are as follows: will justify first Shape copper pipe 2 adjusts angle on angle scale 1, and is fixed on angle scale 1;Circular copper pipe 2 is placed in 3 top of sand bed;Start magnetic Power pumps 6, and the water in reservoir 5 sequentially passes through magnetic drive pump 6, flowmeter 7, gate valve 8, impulse generator 9, hose 11, circle Copper pipe 2, and projected from circular copper pipe 2, it impacts in sand bed 3, forms the sand pit for being similar to ellipse, and the sand in sand pit Son is washed to downstream and forms sand dune;The face profile that sand pit and sand dune are shot with first camera 13, with laser infrared line ranging Instrument 14 measures sand pit and sand dune in the distance of vertical direction;Second camera 15 is placed in 10 side of sink, shoots jet stream from circle It is projected in copper pipe 2 and impacts the formation on sand dune and motion process in the entire scour process in sand bed 3.
In Fig. 1, circular copper pipe 2 is fixed on angle scale 1, puts down two block baffles 12 in 10 bottom interval of sink, intermediate It is put into natural sand and forms sand bed 3, the water in sink 10, which is flowed in reservoir 5 by tail gates 4, (opens tail gates 4, in sink 10 Water flowed in reservoir 5 by gap), the water in reservoir 5 passes through magnetic drive pump 6, flowmeter 7, gate valve 8, pulse generation Device 9, hose 11 flow in circular copper pipe 2, and jet stream is projected from circular copper pipe 2, impact in sand bed 3, form one closely It is similar to the sand pit of ellipse, and the sand in sand pit is washed to downstream and forms sand dune, sand pit depth and sand dune height are fixed respectively Justice isdWithh, the intersection point O as a reference point of the central axes of circular copper pipe 2 and 3 wall surface of sand bed, middle section and sand bed wall in jet stream Oxy coordinate system is established in face.First camera 13 and laser infrared line rangefinder 14, first camera 13 are installed respectively in the top of sink For shooting the face profile in sand pit and sand dune, laser infrared line rangefinder 14 is used for sand pit and sand dune in the distance in y-axis direction Measurement.Gate valve 8 adjusts the reynolds number Re of impact jet flow, and angle scale 1 and circular copper pipe 2 adjust the angle of attack of impact jet flowθWith Shock heightH, the pulse period of the adjustment impact jet flow of impulse generator 9T
In Fig. 2, Oxz coordinate system is established in 3 wall surface of sand bed, the face profile on sand pit and sand dune is 3 approximate ellipses, Length is respectively defined as with widtha 1a 2a 3b 1b 2b 3, first camera 13 is used to shoot the face profile on sand pit and sand dune, Second camera 15 is placed in the side of sink, for shooting the formation on sand dune and motion process in entire scour process.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment floods impact jet flow experimental provision, it is characterized in that: including angle scale (1), circle Shape copper pipe (2), sand bed (3), reservoir (5), magnetic drive pump (6), flowmeter (7), gate valve (8), impulse generator (9), sink (10), hose (11), baffle (12), first camera (13), laser infrared line rangefinder (14), second camera (15);
The angle scale (1) is fixed on support frame;The circular copper pipe (2) and angle scale (1) detachable fixation, and it is round Copper pipe (2) is adjustable in angle scale (1) upper angle;
Sink (10) bottom interval is placed with two block baffles (12), and it is intermediate that sand bed (3) is put in two block baffles (12);
Reservoir (5) is successively through magnetic drive pump (6), flowmeter (7), gate valve (8), impulse generator (9), hose (11) and circle Shape copper pipe (2) perforation connection, circular copper pipe (2) one end and hose (11) penetrate through, and the other end is placed in the sand in sink (10) Above bed (3);Water in reservoir (5) sequentially passes through magnetic drive pump (6), flowmeter (7), gate valve (8), impulse generator (9), connection Hose (11), circular copper pipe (2) are connect, and is projected from circular copper pipe (2), is impacted on sand bed (3);
Jet stream is projected from the circular copper pipe (2), is impacted on sand bed (3), forms the sand pit for being similar to ellipse, and sand pit In sand be washed to downstream formed sand dune;
The first camera (13), laser infrared line rangefinder (14) are installed on above sink (10), and first camera (13) is used for The face profile on sand pit and sand dune is shot, laser infrared line rangefinder (14) is surveyed for sand pit and sand dune in the distance of vertical direction Amount;The second camera (15) is placed in sink (10) side, impacts sand for shooting jet stream injection from circular copper pipe (2) The formation on sand dune and motion process in entire scour process on bed (3).
2. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the sand bed (3) is that natural sand is formed.
3. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the sink (10) is tempered glass sink, and sink (10) is rectangular.
4. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the sink (10) is set to the top of reservoir (5), and the side wall upper part of sink (10) is equipped with gap, sets on gap Have tail gates (4), gap is located at the top of reservoir (5).
5. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the shape of the angle scale (1) is 1/4 round, and the angle scale (1) is equipped with centre bore, 7 lateral opening, centre bore settings Right angle in angle scale (1), at 7 lateral opening arc-shaped sides for being set to angle scale (1), centre bore and 7 lateral opening line shapes It is spaced 15 degree of line segment between each other at 7;
2 apertures are added in the centre bore and each lateral opening two sides, 2 apertures of centre bore two sides and lateral opening two sides 2 mountable fixing pieces of aperture, circular copper pipe (2) is close to by fixing piece to be fixed on angle scale (1), passes through circular copper pipe (2) be fixed on it is different it is lateral opening on, the angle of adjustment circular copper pipe (2) is realized, so as to adjust the angle of attack of impact jet flow.
6. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the circular copper pipe (2) is stretchable formula circular copper pipe.
7. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the impulse generator (9) is used to form the pulsing jet of different frequency.
8. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment according to claim 1 floods impact jet flow experimental provision, feature Be: the angle scale (1) can move up and down on the support frame.
9. a kind of pulsed for scouring experiment described in any one of -8 claims floods impact according to claim 1 The method that jet stream experimental provision measures, it is characterized in that:
Circular copper pipe (2) is adjusted into angle on angle scale (1) first, and is fixed on angle scale (1);Circular copper pipe (2) It is placed in above sand bed (3);Start magnetic drive pump (6), the water in reservoir (5) sequentially passes through magnetic drive pump (6), flowmeter (7), gate valve (8), impulse generator (9), hose (11), circular copper pipe (2), and projected from circular copper pipe (2), impact sand bed (3) On, the sand pit for being similar to ellipse is formed, and the sand in sand pit is washed to downstream and forms sand dune;Use first camera (13) face profile for shooting sand pit and sand dune measures sand pit and sand dune in vertical direction with laser infrared line rangefinder (14) Distance;Second camera (15) is placed in sink (10) side, and shooting jet stream projects from circular copper pipe (2) and impacts sand bed (3) On entire scour process in sand dune formation and motion process.
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CN113465865A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-10-01 扬州大学 Soil wind power erosion process simulation experiment device and experiment method
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CN113465865A (en) * 2021-06-25 2021-10-01 扬州大学 Soil wind power erosion process simulation experiment device and experiment method
CN113848035A (en) * 2021-09-17 2021-12-28 中国石油大学(华东) Multifunctional jet flow generation test equipment
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