CN109974637A - A kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions - Google Patents
A kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions Download PDFInfo
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- CN109974637A CN109974637A CN201711445480.2A CN201711445480A CN109974637A CN 109974637 A CN109974637 A CN 109974637A CN 201711445480 A CN201711445480 A CN 201711445480A CN 109974637 A CN109974637 A CN 109974637A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B17/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of infrasonic, sonic or ultrasonic vibrations
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Abstract
The present invention relates to technical field of nondestructive testing, a kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions is specifically disclosed.This method specifically comprises the following steps: 1, demarcates to tested tubing acquisition data；2, cycle analysis is carried out to the tested tubing demarcation signal of acquisition；2.1, Signal Pretreatment is carried out, abnormal signal is filtered out；2.2, the flag bit for obtaining the acquisition data period is calculated；2.3, to each cycle data resampling of two probe acquisition data；3, same-phase data statistic analysis is carried out to the cycle data of two probe acquisition data；4, signal acquisition is carried out to tested tubing；5, the outer dimension for obtaining tested tubing is calculated；High-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, can be compared by same-phase angle under a kind of high speed conditions of the present invention, farthest eliminate the influence of mechanical erection error and acquisition system error.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of nondestructive testing, and in particular to high-precision Self Matching shape ruler under a kind of high speed conditions
Very little measurement method.
Background technique
Nuclear leve tubule diameter pipes refer to special precision tubing of the outer diameter within the scope of 6~20mm, are widely used in nuclear power
In the core components such as reactor core and heat exchanger.Nuclear leve small diameter tube usage amount during the construction and operation of nuclear power unit is very big, with
For the evaporator of AP1000, the quantity of every heat exchange pipe of evaporator up to more than 10000, combined length is about 225000M.For
This, nuclear power needs to carry out quick automatic measurement to it before tubing installation, to guarantee the measurement efficiency and measurement essence of tubing
Degree.When being detected using traditional dual probe water logging ultrasound automated detection system, mechanical due to detection system exists partially
The heart and digitlization ultrasound acquisition system lead to the ultrasonic measurement precision for being difficult to reach μm grade there are systematic error.
Theoretically, 180 ° of carrier phase shift of two normal probes can be used for diameter measurement.Diameter calculation can use following formula
It is expressed as D=L- (t1+t2) V/2, wherein D is diameter of the measured tube in certain circumferential azimuth (phase angle)；L is two straight spies
The distance of head diameter；t1And t2For the boundary wave echo time of two normal probes；V is the velocity of sound in water；Filling for above-mentioned formula establishment is wanted
Condition has: 1) rotation center of two probes is overlapped with tested tubing axle center；2) beam axis of two probes is completely heavy
It closes；3) velocity of sound is stablized in water；4) spacing is definite value between two probes；5) acquisition precision of ultrasound acquisition system is absolutely accurate.But
In fact, above-mentioned condition can not be guaranteed using physics mode, and because it cannot be guaranteed that the measurement of necessary and sufficient condition bring misses
Difference is also different.
1) probe is eccentric
When the rotation center of probe deviates tested tubing center δ mm, pop one's head in the t measured1(or t2) maximum value and minimum
The difference of value is 2 δ/V, and is all different on variant phase angle.The relationship of deviation and phase angle are as follows:
Wherein, R is detected tubing radius
The locating phase angle of θ probe (assuming that when θ=90 °, deviation is minimum, is-δ/V)
Resulting error can be made up by opposite probe progress is a degree of, and the sound path times of two probes are inclined
The sum of difference are as follows:
2) probe axis deviates
According to above formula it is found that when θ 1 differs 180 ° with θ 0, deviation is minimum.But mechanical erection exists centainly
Order aberrations, therefore above-mentioned deviation can be amplified.Assuming that when δ=0.01 × R, if two 180 ° of probe carrier phase shifts are (real
Line), then maximum sound path reporting is 1.0 × 10-4R/V；When two 180.5 ° of carrier phase shift of probe (dotted line), most
Big sound path reporting is 1.87 × 10-4R/V, is the former 1.87 times.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement methods under high speed conditions, can
To correct the error of error caused by mechanical precision deficiency and digitlization acquisition system itself.
Technical scheme is as follows: a kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions, should
Method specifically comprises the following steps:
Step 1 demarcates tested tubing acquisition data；
Step 2 carries out cycle analysis to the tested tubing demarcation signal of acquisition；
Step 2.1 carries out Signal Pretreatment, filters out abnormal signal；
Step 2.2 calculates the flag bit for obtaining the acquisition data period；
Step 2.3, each cycle data resampling to two probe acquisition data；
Step 3 carries out same-phase data statistic analysis to the cycle data of two probe acquisition data；
Step 4 carries out signal acquisition to tested tubing；
Step 5 calculates the outer dimension for obtaining tested tubing；
The tubing outer dimension D on a certain phase angle of a certain period is calculated according to following formulat:
Dt=D+ Δ D
Wherein, D is calibrating tube nominal diameter；The difference of Δ D diameter measurement and nominal value.
The specific steps for obtaining the flag bit in acquisition data period are calculated in the step 2.2 are as follows:
In the case that system is stablized, the echo time data t of acquisition is at periodic state, the independent number for analyzing each period
According to using accurate cycle indicator position come the starting and ending position of identification cycle data；
If providing cycle indicator position with fixed target in probe rotary course step 2.2.1, in detection system, directly
It obtains and takes；
If the cycle indicator position for step 2.2.2, not having hardware to provide in detection system, need to provide accurate period mark
Will position.
In the case where providing cycle indicator position without hardware in the detection system in the step 2.2.2, obtain accurate
The specific steps of cycle indicator position are as follows:
Step 2.2.2.1, the position of the peak value H% of cycle data t is taken to be characterized threshold value；
Step 2.2.2.2, it calculates and obtains abscissa ct corresponding in this feature threshold valuei, wherein i=1,2,3 ..., n；
Step 2.2.2.3, ct is takeniThe temporally adjacent time difference of sequence is denoted as dcti=cti+1-cti；
Step 2.2.2.4, with adjacent time difference dctiConsecutive value compares, and takes larger/smaller value position characteristic matching group；
Work as dcti<dcti+1, it is (cti+1-cti)<(cti+2-cti+1), if selecting small value position characteristic matching group, should select
(cti+1&cti) it is one group；
Step 2.2.2.5, with the feature locations pt of characteristic matching groupi=((1-pc) * cti+1+pc*cti), wherein 0≤pc
≤1；This feature position can be used as collection period flag bit.
To the specific steps of each cycle data resampling of two probe acquisition data in the step 2.3 are as follows:
To the data t of two probe acquisitions1And t2Each cycle data resampling；It is between adjacent cycle indicator position
A cycle data；If data in the period are as follows: ordinate y=ti~ti+k, corresponding abscissa x=ni~ni+k, the cycle data
In cycle indicator position ptjWith ptj+1Between, then it is ni-1<ptj<ni,ni+k<ptj+1<ni+k+1；
Step 2.3.1, in ptjWith ptj+1Between be uniformly inserted into m-1 time point, equally spaced m will be divided into the period
Part, with ptjWith ptj+1It is denoted as sp together0~spm, wherein sp0=ptj, spm=ptj+1；
Step 2.3.2, for x=sp0~spmAbscissa, in cycle data abscissa x=ni-1~ni+k+1, ordinate y
=ti-1~ti+k+1, middle that sp is obtained by the way of interpolation0~spmCorresponding ordinate data tsj=y=st0~stm。
The step 3 specifically includes:
Step 3.1, the cycle data ts by resamplingj, j=1,2 ..., by periodic phase angle sp0~spmIt is counted；
Step 3.2, a certain phase angle sp in the n period of statisticsi, i=1, the data distribution of the position 2 ..., m；
Step 3.3, confidence interval calculate；
For phase angle spiData are denoted as on the position (i=1,2 ..., m)
Then the confidence interval of its 1- α calculates formula are as follows:
In formula:For YiThe average value of sequence；
For YiThe sample variance of sequence；
tα2It (n-1), is the respective value of the T table of normal distribution.
The step 4 carries out the specific steps of signal acquisition to tested tubing are as follows:
Data acquisition is carried out to tested tubing, and collected data are subjected to period treatment according to step 2, obtains k
The data tc in period1、tc2, wherein i=1,2,3 ... k, k cycle data processing is primary, and k value value requires phase with system response
It closes.
The specific steps that the difference DELTA D of diameter measurement and nominal value is calculated in the step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, t1And t2Resulting tubing boundary wave echo time range after being demarcated for two normal probes；tc1、tc2It is two
The tubing boundary wave echo time that a normal probe actual measurement arrives；Nominal velocity of sound when V is calibration；VmodFor by reference to probe
It is adapted to the velocity of sound in real time；
In above formulaIndicate tc1Beyond t1The value of range, indicates using following formula:
Wherein, t1maxIndicate t1The trust data section upper limit；t1minIndicate t1Trust data interval limit.
The specific steps that tested tubing acquisition data are demarcated in the step 1 are as follows:
The tubing of calibration is placed in detection system, outer dimension data are carried out to tested tubing using two probes and are adopted
Collection, wherein the signal length of acquisition is greater than 20 periods, and the data of two probe acquisitions are denoted as t respectively1And t2；Wherein, it pops one's head in
It rotates a circle as a cycle.
The step 2.1 carries out Signal Pretreatment, and filters out abnormal signal specifically: utilizes frequency domain filtering, middle position
The mode of number filtering or median filtering filters out the abnormal signal for acquiring signal medium-high frequency section, burr shape.
Remarkable result of the invention is: high-precision Self Matching outer dimension under a kind of high speed conditions of the present invention
Measurement method can be compared by same-phase angle, farthest eliminate the shadow of mechanical erection error and acquisition system error
It rings.
Specific embodiment
A kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions, this method specifically include:
Step 1 demarcates tested tubing acquisition data；
The tubing of calibration is placed in detection system, outer dimension data are carried out to tested tubing using two probes and are adopted
Collection, wherein the signal length of acquisition is greater than 20 periods, and the data of two probe acquisitions are denoted as t respectively1And t2；Wherein, it pops one's head in
It rotates a circle as a cycle；
Step 2 carries out cycle analysis to the tested tubing demarcation signal of acquisition；
Step 2.1 carries out Signal Pretreatment, filters out abnormal signal；
It will be in acquisition signal such as high band, burr shape in the way of the filtering of such as frequency domain filtering, median or median filtering
Abnormal signal filter out；
Step 2.2 calculates the flag bit for obtaining the acquisition data period；
In the case that system is stablized, the echo time data t of acquisition is at periodic state, the independent number for analyzing each period
According to using accurate cycle indicator position come the starting and ending position of identification cycle data；
If providing cycle indicator position with fixed target in probe rotary course step 2.2.1, in detection system, directly
It obtains and takes；
If the cycle indicator position for step 2.2.2, not having hardware to provide in detection system, need to provide accurate period mark
Will position, specifically:
Step 2.2.2.1, the position of the peak value H% of cycle data t is taken to be characterized threshold value；
Step 2.2.2.2, it calculates and obtains abscissa ct corresponding in this feature threshold valuei(i=1,2,3 ..., n)；
Step 2.2.2.3, ct is takeniThe temporally adjacent time difference of sequence is denoted as dcti=cti+1-cti；
Step 2.2.2.4, with adjacent time difference dctiConsecutive value compares, and takes larger/smaller value position feature
Combo；
Work as dcti<dcti+1, it is (cti+1-cti)<(cti+2-cti+1), if selecting small value position characteristic matching group, should select
(cti+1&cti) it is one group；
Step 2.2.2.5, with the feature locations pt of characteristic matching groupi=((1-pc) * cti+1+pc*cti), wherein 0≤pc
≤1；This feature position can be used as collection period flag bit；
Step 2.3, each cycle data resampling to two probe acquisition data；
To the data t of two probe acquisitions1And t2Each cycle data resampling；It is between adjacent cycle indicator position
A cycle data；If data in the period are as follows: ordinate y=ti~ti+k, corresponding (acquisition timing) abscissa x=ni~ni+k,
The cycle data is in cycle indicator position ptjWith ptj+1Between, then it is ni-1<ptj<ni,ni+k<ptj+1<ni+k+1；
Step 2.3.1, in ptjWith ptj+1Between be uniformly inserted into m-1 time point (acquisition timing point), will divide in the period
At m parts equally spaced, with ptjWith ptj+1It is denoted as (periodic phase angle) sp together0~spm, wherein sp0=ptj, spm=ptj+1；
Step 2.3.2, for x=sp0~spmAbscissa, in cycle data abscissa x=ni-1~ni+k+1, ordinate y
=ti-1~ti+k+1, middle to obtain sp by the way of interpolation (linear etc.)0~spmCorresponding ordinate data tsj=y=st0
~stm；
Step 3, same-phase data statistic analysis is carried out to the cycle data of two probe acquisition data；
Step 3.1, the cycle data ts by resamplingj(j=1,2 ...) presses periodic phase angle sp0~spmIt is counted；
Step 3.2, a certain phase angle sp in the n period of statisticsiThe data distribution of the position (i=1,2 ..., m)；
Step 3.3, confidence interval calculate；
For phase angle spiData are denoted as on the position (i=1,2 ..., m)
Then the confidence interval of its 1- α calculates formula are as follows:
In formula:For YiThe average value of sequence；
For YiThe sample variance of sequence；
tα2It (n-1), is the respective value of the T table of normal distribution；
Step 4 carries out signal acquisition to tested tubing；
Data acquisition is carried out to tested tubing, and collected data are subjected to period treatment according to step 2, obtains k
The data tc in period1、tc2(i=1,2,3 ... k), wherein k cycle data processing is primary, and k value value and system response require
It is related；
Step 5 calculates the outer dimension for obtaining tested tubing；
The tubing outer dimension D on a certain phase angle of a certain period is calculated according to following formulat:
Dt=D+ Δ D
Wherein, Δ D is the difference of diameter measurement and nominal value；t1And t2Resulting pipe after being demarcated for two normal probes
Material boundary wave echo time range；tc1、tc2The tubing boundary wave echo time arrived for two normal probe actual measurements；V is calibration
When the nominal velocity of sound；VmodTo be adapted to the velocity of sound in real time by reference to popping one's head in
In above formulaIndicate tc1Beyond t1The value of range, indicates using following formula:
Wherein, t1maxIndicate t1The trust data section upper limit；t1minIndicate t1Trust data interval limit.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method under high speed conditions, it is characterised in that: this method specifically includes
Following steps:
Step 1 demarcates tested tubing acquisition data；
Step 2 carries out cycle analysis to the tested tubing demarcation signal of acquisition；
Step 2.1 carries out Signal Pretreatment, filters out abnormal signal；
Step 2.2 calculates the flag bit for obtaining the acquisition data period；
Step 2.3, each cycle data resampling to two probe acquisition data；
Step 3 carries out same-phase data statistic analysis to the cycle data of two probe acquisition data；
Step 4 carries out signal acquisition to tested tubing；
Step 5 calculates the outer dimension for obtaining tested tubing；
The tubing outer dimension D on a certain phase angle of a certain period is calculated according to following formulat:
Dt=D+ Δ D
Wherein, D is calibrating tube nominal diameter；The difference of Δ D diameter measurement and nominal value.
2. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
It is: calculates the specific steps for obtaining the flag bit in acquisition data period in the step 2.2 are as follows:
In the case that system is stablized, the echo time data t of acquisition is at periodic state, the independent data for analyzing each period, benefit
With accurate cycle indicator position come the starting and ending position of identification cycle data；
If providing cycle indicator position with fixed target in probe rotary course step 2.2.1, in detection system, directly obtain
It takes；
If the cycle indicator position for step 2.2.2, not having hardware to provide in detection system, needs to provide accurate cycle indicator
Position.
3. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 2
It is: in the case where providing cycle indicator position without hardware in the detection system in the step 2.2.2, obtains the accurate period
The specific steps of flag bit are as follows:
Step 2.2.2.1, the position of the peak value H% of cycle data t is taken to be characterized threshold value；
Step 2.2.2.2, it calculates and obtains abscissa ct corresponding in this feature threshold valuei, wherein i=1,2,3 ..., n；
Step 2.2.2.3, ct is takeniThe temporally adjacent time difference of sequence is denoted as dcti=cti+1-cti；
Step 2.2.2.4, with adjacent time difference dctiConsecutive value compares, and takes larger/smaller value position characteristic matching group；
Work as dcti<dcti+1, it is (cti+1-cti)<(cti+2-cti+1), if selecting small value position characteristic matching group, should select
(cti+1&cti) it is one group；
Step 2.2.2.5, with the feature locations pt of characteristic matching groupi=((1-pc) * cti+1+pc*cti), wherein 0≤pc≤1；
This feature position can be used as collection period flag bit.
4. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
It is: to the specific steps of each cycle data resampling of two probe acquisition data in the step 2.3 are as follows:
To the data t of two probe acquisitions1And t2Each cycle data resampling；It is one between adjacent cycle indicator position
Cycle data；If data in the period are as follows: ordinate y=ti~ti+k, corresponding abscissa x=ni~ni+k, the cycle data is in week
Phase flag bit ptjWith ptj+1Between, then it is ni-1<ptj<ni,ni+k<ptj+1<ni+k+1；
Step 2.3.1, in ptjWith ptj+1Between be uniformly inserted into m-1 time point, will be divided into the period it is m parts equally spaced, with
ptjWith ptj+1It is denoted as sp together0~spm, wherein sp0=ptj, spm=ptj+1；
Step 2.3.2, for x=sp0~spmAbscissa, in cycle data abscissa x=ni-1~ni+k+1, ordinate y=ti-1
~ti+k+1, middle that sp is obtained by the way of interpolation0~spmCorresponding ordinate data tsj=y=st0~stm。
5. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
Be: the step 3 specifically includes:
Step 3.1, the cycle data ts by resamplingj, j=1,2 ..., by periodic phase angle sp0~spmIt is counted；
Step 3.2, a certain phase angle sp in the n period of statisticsi, i=1, the data distribution of the position 2 ..., m；
Step 3.3, confidence interval calculate；
For phase angle spiData are denoted as on the position (i=1,2 ..., m)(i=1,2 ..., n), then its 1-
The confidence interval of α calculates formula are as follows:
In formula:For YiThe average value of sequence；
For YiThe sample variance of sequence；
tα / 2It (n-1), is the respective value of the T table of normal distribution.
6. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
Be: the step 4 carries out the specific steps of signal acquisition to tested tubing are as follows:
Data acquisition is carried out to tested tubing, and collected data are subjected to period treatment according to step 2, obtains k period
Data tc1、tc2, wherein i=1,2,3 ... k, k cycle data processing is primary, and k value value is related to system response requirement.
7. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
It is: the specific steps that the difference DELTA D of diameter measurement and nominal value is calculated in the step 5 are as follows:
Wherein, t1And t2Resulting tubing boundary wave echo time range after being demarcated for two normal probes；tc1、tc2For two straight spies
The tubing boundary wave echo time that head actual measurement arrives；Nominal velocity of sound when V is calibration；VmodTo be repaired in real time by reference to probe
Just arrive the velocity of sound；
In above formulaIndicate tc1Beyond t1The value of range, indicates using following formula:
Wherein, t1maxIndicate t1The trust data section upper limit；t1minIndicate t1Trust data interval limit.
8. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
It is: the specific steps that tested tubing acquisition data are demarcated in the step 1 are as follows:
The tubing of calibration is placed in detection system, the acquisition of outer dimension data is carried out to tested tubing using two probes,
Wherein, the signal length of acquisition is greater than 20 periods, and the data of two probe acquisitions are denoted as t respectively1And t2；Wherein, probe rotation
One week is a cycle.
9. high-precision Self Matching shape dimension measurement method, feature under a kind of high speed conditions according to claim 1
Be: the step 2.1 carries out Signal Pretreatment, and filters out abnormal signal specifically: is filtered using frequency domain filtering, median
The mode of wave or median filtering filters out the abnormal signal for acquiring signal medium-high frequency section, burr shape.
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| CN102607438A (en) * | 2012-02-24 | 2012-07-25 | 南开大学 | Two-arm four-probe measurement device and method for measuring inner and outer diameters of end of steel tube |
| CN103278565A (en) * | 2013-06-20 | 2013-09-04 | 成都铁安科技有限责任公司 | Method for fast encapsulating and analyzing cyclically-scanned ultrasonic flaw detection data |
| JP2017181224A (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-10-05 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | Method and device for measuring circularity of welded steel tube |
| CN106091961A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-11-09 | 天津工业大学 | High-rate laser inner diameter measurement system |
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