CN109971916B - Device and method for preheating scrap steel by using converter waste gas - Google Patents
Device and method for preheating scrap steel by using converter waste gas Download PDFInfo
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- CN109971916B CN109971916B CN201910257563.1A CN201910257563A CN109971916B CN 109971916 B CN109971916 B CN 109971916B CN 201910257563 A CN201910257563 A CN 201910257563A CN 109971916 B CN109971916 B CN 109971916B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/38—Removal of waste gases or dust
- C21C5/40—Offtakes or separating apparatus for converter waste gases or dust
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/56—Manufacture of steel by other methods
- C21C5/562—Manufacture of steel by other methods starting from scrap
- C21C5/565—Preheating of scrap
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C2100/00—Exhaust gas
- C21C2100/06—Energy from waste gas used in other processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preheating waste steel by using converter waste gas, wherein the device comprises a converter, a converter smoke hood, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector, a smoke component detector, a waste steel preheating groove, a convection heat exchanger, a heat accumulator, a waste heat boiler and a steam condensation generator set, the converter smoke hood is movably arranged above the converter, the converter smoke hood is connected with an air inlet at the lower part of the side edge of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector through a flue, an air outlet right above the high-temperature cyclone dust collector is connected with the smoke component detector, the smoke component detector is connected with the waste steel preheating groove through the flue, the waste steel preheating groove is communicated with the convection heat exchanger, a steam pipeline of the flow heat exchanger is connected to the heat accumulator, the heat accumulator is connected with the waste heat boiler through the steam pipe, the waste heat boiler is directly connected. The device has the advantages of high safety, simple operation, low cost, small occupied space, high preheating temperature, stable conveying, short preheating period and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preheating scrap steel by using converter waste gas, belonging to the field of ferrous metallurgy production.
Background
At present, the amount of scrap steel is huge, and the trend of upgrading blast furnaces into electric furnaces through capacity replacement is accelerating, so that the demand of the scrap steel including scrap steel fine materials is greatly increased. By using 1 ton of scrap steel, 0.4 ton of coke can be saved, the consumption of 1.7 ton of iron ore and 1.6 ton of carbon emission can be reduced, a plurality of policy plans clearly suggest that the steel-making scrap steel ratio reaches 20% in 2020, reaches 30% in 2025, and the requirement of the scrap steel is expected to be continuously released.
About 70 percent of the total energy for the production in the steel industry can be converted into secondary energy (including byproduct gas), but about 30 percent of the secondary energy is not fully recycled. At present, the sensible heat recovery rate of a product is 50.4%, the sensible heat recovery rate of flue gas is 14.92%, the sensible heat recovery rate of cooling water is 1.9%, the sensible heat recovery rate of slag is 1.59%, and the waste heat recovery rate of the steel industry is 25.8%, wherein: the high-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 44.4 percent, the medium-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 30.2 percent, and the low-temperature waste heat recovery rate is 1 percent.
At present, most enterprises have low average gas recovery rate, large consumption and serious diffusion, especially the concentration and the heat value of the components of furnace gas which is a by-product of converter steelmaking are high, but the diffusion rate is also high, the annual loss of value brought by physical sensible heat and chemical latent heat is great, and the comprehensive utilization of the diffused furnace gas as resources is necessary.
In order to research the comprehensive utilization of the resources of the converter diffused gas, an experimental device and a method for preheating the scrap steel by using the converter waste gas are particularly designed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device and a method for simulating the coal gas emission of a converter.
(II) technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the main technical scheme that:
the utility model provides a device of simulation converter diffused gas, it includes the converter, the converter petticoat pipe, high temperature cyclone, flue gas composition detector, preheat the scrap steel groove, the convection heat exchanger, the heat accumulator, exhaust-heat boiler and steam condensation generating set, the movable converter petticoat pipe that is equipped with in converter top, the converter petticoat pipe passes through the flue and connects the gas inlet of the side partial lower part of high temperature cyclone, smoke composition detector is connected to the gas outlet directly over high temperature cyclone, smoke composition detector passes through the flue and connects the scrap steel preheating groove, scrap steel preheating groove intercommunication convection heat exchanger, the steam conduit of flow heat exchanger is connected to the heat accumulator, the exhaust-heat boiler is connected through the steam pipe to the heat accumulator, exhaust-heat boiler again with steam condensation generating set relevant equipment lug connection work, and the flue gas pipeline in.
In a preferred embodiment, the side part of the scrap steel preheating groove is connected with a convection heat exchanger through a pipeline, and an air preheating pipe is arranged above the convection heat exchanger and is connected with an air port in the middle of the side surface of a hearth of the scrap steel preheating groove.
In a preferred embodiment, a feeding door is arranged on one side of the waste steel preheating groove, a waste steel block conveying belt is arranged at the feeding door, a movable door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the bottom of the waste steel preheating groove, the movable door is arranged right opposite to a furnace mouth of a converter, a gas outlet of smoke gas is arranged on the side edge of the waste steel preheating groove, a flow control valve is arranged at the gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected to a smoke component detector and a flue connected with the waste steel preheating groove through the flue.
In a preferred embodiment, the converter hood is a cylinder hood type negative pressure recovery hood, and a gas pipeline is arranged on the side part of the convection heat exchanger and is connected with a gas tank.
In a preferred embodiment, the high temperature cyclone is a spiral dust collector; the convection heat exchanger is internally provided with a cold air U-shaped heat exchange tube and a circulating water U-shaped heat exchange tube, cold air is supplied to the inside of the cold air U-shaped heat exchange tube from the outside, circulating water is supplied to the inside of the circulating water U-shaped heat exchange tube, a flue gas outlet, a cold air inlet and a circulating water inlet are arranged at the same end, the flue gas inlet, the cold air outlet and the circulating water inlet are arranged at the other end of the convection heat exchanger, and the flue gas outlet is connected.
In a preferred embodiment, the outlet of the flue gas component detector is connected with the inlet of a high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, one of the other two outlet flues of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is communicated with the scrap steel preheating groove, and the other outlet flue is communicated with a coal gas treatment and recovery system. The high-temperature flue gas three-way valve comprises a first straight-through pipe, a bent pipe and a second straight-through pipe, wherein the bent pipe is communicated with the first straight-through pipe and extends outwards in an arc shape, the second straight-through pipe is vertically communicated with the first straight-through pipe, an outlet of the flue gas component detector is connected with the first straight-through pipe serving as an inlet, the second straight-through pipe serving as an outlet can be communicated with a scrap steel preheating groove through a flue, and the bent pipe can be connected with a; when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is less than 40%, controlling the diverter valve to lead the flue gas to be led into the scrap steel preheating groove through a pipeline, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is more than 40%, controlling the diverter valve to lead the flue gas to be led into the coal gas treatment and recovery system.
A method for preheating waste steel by using converter waste gas comprises moving the upper part of the converter into a smoke hood to recover high-temperature flue gas, recovering high-temperature flue gas at the tail section of the converter head, and removing dust in the flue gas to 5g/Nm by high-temperature cyclone3The smoke gas recovery branch valve is controllable, the scrap steel blocks enter the scrap steel preheating groove from the side feeding door through the conveyor belt, the smoke gas is introduced into the scrap steel preheating groove, and the scrap steel blocks are heated; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
In the method, the temperature of the tail section high-temperature flue gas is 1400-1600 ℃, and the temperature for heating the scrap steel blocks is 750-900 ℃.
In the method, preferably, the controllable flue gas recovery branch valve means that the flue gas component detector controls the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is less than 40%, the branch valve of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is controlled to enable the flue gas to be introduced into the scrap steel preheating tank, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is greater than 40%, the branch valve of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is controlled to enable the flue gas to be introduced into the gas treatment and recovery system.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
compared with the traditional method for preheating scrap steel by burning coal gas, the preheating process in the device greatly reduces the consumption of coal gas or natural gas and saves a large amount of cost, 1 ton of steel is preheated to 800 ℃ and at least about 15kg of standard coal is saved, 18-24 tons (6-8%) of steel is added at one time at present in a 300t converter, 660-890 yuan can be saved for each steel, 2200-3300 yuan can be saved for each steel when 20-30% of scrap steel is added according to the national requirement, the yield of 9 million tons of steel is produced in China every year, and 26-67 million yuan (8-20% of scrap steel content) can be saved. Simultaneously, the scrap steel groove in the whole process plays three roles: firstly, the effect that the steel scrap preheating groove preheats the steel scrap, secondly the effect of combustion chamber full play flue gas chemical heat, thirdly the effect of stable flue gas flow and pressure of surge chamber, waste heat utilization rate improves greatly, compare the past and also greatly reduced the emission of carbon dioxide with the mode of burning diffuse with the front and back section flue gas, high temperature flue gas can be to steel scrap groove cyclic heating and heat preservation, maintain the steel scrap heating at 750 ~ 950 ℃, greatly reduced preheats the cycle, preheating efficiency has been improved, the waste heat cycle comprehensive utilization of converter flue gas has been realized simultaneously, waste heat recovery rate has greatly been improved.
In addition, the device and the method provided by the invention have the advantages of high safety, simple operation, low cost, small occupied space, high preheating temperature, stable conveying, short preheating period and the like. The device of the invention is an important exploration and practice for realizing the resource and energy large circulation of the steel process.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method of using the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the connection of the apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing the structure of a scrap preheating tank.
[ description of reference ]
1: a converter;
2: a converter hood;
3: a high temperature cyclone separator;
4: a smoke component detector;
5: a scrap steel preheating tank;
6: a convective heat exchanger;
7: a heat accumulator;
8: a waste heat boiler;
9: a steam condensation generator set;
10: a gas cabinet;
11: a scrap block conveyor belt;
12: scrap steel blocks;
13: bottom hourglass bin gate.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of better explaining the present invention and to facilitate understanding, the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An experimental device for simulating the coal gas diffused by a converter is shown in figures 1 and 2 and comprises a converter 1, a converter smoke hood 2, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, a smoke component detector 4, a waste steel preheating groove 5, a convection heat exchanger 6, a heat accumulator 7, a waste heat boiler 8 and a steam condensation generator set 9. A converter smoke hood 2 at a movable position is connected above a converter 1, the converter smoke hood 2 is connected with a gas inlet at the lower part of the side edge of a high-temperature cyclone separator 3 through a flue, a gas outlet right above the high-temperature cyclone separator 3 is connected with a smoke component detector 4, the smoke component detector 4 is connected with the top of a scrap steel preheating tank 5 through a pipeline, the smoke gas outlet is connected with a convection heat exchanger 6 through a pipeline from the side part of the scrap steel preheating tank 5, an air preheating pipe in the convection heat exchanger 6 is connected with a wind port at the middle part of the side surface of a hearth of the scrap steel preheating tank 5, a steam pipeline in the convection heat exchanger 6 is connected to a heat accumulator 7, the heat accumulator 7 is connected with a waste heat boiler 8 through a steam pipe, the waste heat boiler 8 is directly connected with related equipment of a steam.
In order to recycle the flue gas, a high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is arranged at the gas outlet of the flue gas component detector, the gas outlet of the flue gas component detector is communicated with the inlet of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, and the other two outlet flues of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve are communicated with a scrap steel preheating groove and a coal gas treatment and recovery system. The high-temperature flue gas three-way valve comprises a first straight-through pipe, a bent pipe and a second straight-through pipe, wherein the bent pipe is communicated with the first straight-through pipe and extends outwards in an arc shape, the second straight-through pipe is vertically communicated with the first straight-through pipe, an air outlet of the flue gas component detector is connected with the first straight-through pipe serving as an inlet, a flow dividing valve is arranged on the first straight-through pipe at the communication junction of the first straight-through pipe, the second straight-through pipe and the bent pipe, the second straight-through pipe serving as an outlet can be communicated with a waste steel preheating tank through a pipeline; when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is less than 40%, controlling the diverter valve to lead the flue gas to be led into the scrap steel preheating groove through a pipeline, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is more than 40%, controlling the diverter valve to lead the flue gas to be led into the coal gas treatment and recovery system.
The specific operation flow of the device is as follows:
1. the high-temperature (1400-1600 ℃) steel-produced flue gas generated by the converter 1 is firstly recovered through a converter smoke hood 2 right above the converter, the original gradually-reduced coil type recovery hood of the converter smoke hood and a negative pressure recovery mode of 1-2 m away from a furnace mouth during recovery are cancelled, a cylinder hood type negative pressure recovery hood is changed, the converter furnace mouth is firstly shaken to be horizontal during recovery, then the smoke hood is vertically dropped, the lower end line of the cylinder hood exceeds the upper end line of the furnace mouth by 1-2 m, the flue gas is ensured not to be combusted at the furnace mouth to dissipate the waste heat value, and the flue gas is completely collected as far as possible;
2. the high-temperature converter flue gas recovered through the converter smoke hood 2 is directly introduced into a gas inlet at the lower end of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, after spiral dust removal, smoke dust falls into a smoke dust groove at the bottom of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, the dedusted flue gas is discharged from the upper end of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3, and the smoke dust amount of the dedusted flue gas is 30-100 g/Nm3Reduced to 5-10 g/Nm3；
3. The production process of the converter can pass through three stages, namely an early stage insufficient oxidation blowing stage, a middle stage violent oxidation blowing stage and a blowing end stage, wherein the three stages are distinguished by taking a critical line (40%) of the concentration (volume fraction) of carbon monoxide in flue gas as a judgment, wherein the concentration of the carbon monoxide is less than 40% (specific components are CO 20-40%, and CO is 20-40%)220～30％，N230-60%) of the air refining is in the early and late stages of the air refining; therefore, the high-temperature flue gas after passing through the high-temperature cyclone dust collector 3 is firstly detected by a flue gas component detector 4 of a flue gas sample, the flue gas component detector is connected with a high-temperature flue gas three-way valve and controls a pipeline diverter valve, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is less than 40%, the diverter valve is controlled to lead the flue gas to be introduced into a scrap preheating tank; and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is more than 40%, controlling the diverter valve to lead the flue gas to a coal gas treatment and recovery system.
4. The preheating mechanism is that the physical heat of the smoke generated by the steel and the chemical heat generated by combustion are utilized to heat the steel scrap block, and the preheating of the steel scrap groove 5 in the whole process has three functions: firstly, the effect that the scrap steel preheating groove preheats the scrap steel, secondly the effect of combustion chamber full play flue gas chemistry heat, and thirdly the effect of stable flue gas flow and pressure of surge chamber. The scrap preheating tank of the invention is different from the traditional simple preheating tank (molten iron tank), is specially designed with an air outlet/inlet flow control valve, is provided with a material leakage door at the bottom, is provided with a material inlet door at the side edge and a side air inlet, has the appearance similar to the appearance of a converter, is movably designed with a converter smoke hood, is connected with the top of the scrap preheating tank 5 through a diversion flue as shown in figure 3, is provided with a flow control valve at the air inlet at the top of the scrap preheating tank for controlling the air to enter, feeds a scrap block 12 from the side door of the scrap preheating tank 5 through a scrap block conveyor belt 11, is provided with an openable and closable bottom material leakage door 13 at the bottom of the scrap preheating tank 5, lifts the scrap preheating tank to be directly above the converter mouth when the scrap is preheated and is about to be added into the converter, opens the bottom material leakage door 13, feeds the scrap block 12 into the converter 1, and is provided with a smoke outlet at the side edge of the scrap preheating tank 5, the gas outlet is provided with a high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, and the gas outlet is connected to a flue of the smoke composition detector and the scrap steel preheating groove through a flue for recycling.
The specific preheating operation is as follows: adding 150-250 kg of waste steel blocks into a preheated waste steel tank 5 from the side surface of the preheated waste steel tank 5 through a conveyor belt, closing a charging door, opening an air inlet valve at the top of the waste steel tank, introducing high-temperature flue gas through an air inlet at the top of the preheated waste steel tank 5 and preheating the waste steel blocks, introducing hot air subjected to gas-gas heat exchange of a convection heat exchanger 6 into an air inlet at the middle part of the side surface, fully combusting carbon monoxide in the flue gas to release heat, accelerating the waste steel preheating degree, shortening the preheating time, shaking a movable converter hood right above the converter 1 after reaching the preheating temperature, shaking the preheated waste steel tank 5 to be right above the converter 1, dropping the waste steel blocks into the converter 1 through a bottom material leakage door, switching the preheated waste steel tank 5 and the converter hood 2, and continuing to collect and preheat the converter flue gas;
passing through an air outlet valve at the lower part of the side edge of the waste steel preheating groove 5, as shown in figure 2, guiding the discharged flue gas to a convection heat exchanger 6 for gas-gas heat exchange, heating cold air to 150-300 ℃ for heat exchange, introducing hot air into the waste steel preheating groove 5 to form a circulation mechanism, allowing the flue gas subjected to gas-gas heat exchange to pass through gas-liquid convection heat exchange, wherein a heat exchange part of the convection heat exchanger comprises a cold air U-shaped heat exchange pipe and a circulating water U-shaped heat exchange pipe, cold air is supplied to the inside of the cold air U-shaped heat exchange pipe, cold circulating water is contained in the circulating water U-shaped heat exchange pipe, a flue gas inlet and an air inlet/water inlet (the air inlet and the water inlet are at the same end) are arranged at two ends of the convection heat exchanger, the flow directions of the flue gas and the cold air/circulating water are opposite, a flue gas outlet is at the same end, the flue gas outlet is connected into a gas chamber through a flue, the hot air outlet is connected into a scrap steel preheating groove 5 through the flue, and the hot steam outlet is connected into a heat accumulator 7 through a steam pipeline. The heat accumulator 7 is connected with the waste heat boiler 8 through a steam pipeline, a pressure stabilizing control valve is arranged in the pipeline, part of the generated steam enters the waste heat boiler, the redundant steam is stored in the heat accumulator 7 and is detected in real time by a pressure detector of the waste heat boiler, when the steam in the waste heat boiler 8 is insufficient, the heat accumulator 7 supplements the steam to the waste heat boiler 8, the steam pressure in the heat accumulator 7 is generally larger than that of the waste heat boiler 8, the steam is supplemented to the waste heat boiler by opening a pipeline valve, when the pressure in the waste heat boiler is lower than the set working pressure, the pressure stabilizing control valve automatically opens the valve to stabilize the pressure, so that the working pressure of the waste heat boiler 8 reaches the normal level, when the pressure of the waste heat boiler 8 is too high, stopping introducing steam into the waste heat boiler 8, and introducing steam through a pressure stabilizing valve when the pressure is consumed to reach the normal working pressure so as to ensure that the waste heat boiler 8 performs steam condensation power generation 9 to stably operate;
and cooling the flue gas subjected to multi-end waste heat utilization to 60-70 ℃, and storing the flue gas into a gas chamber for other treatment and utilization.
Example 1
A smoke hood is moved above the converter to recover high-temperature smoke, and high-temperature (1400 ℃) smoke (the components are CO20 percent and CO) at the tail section of the converter head is recovered220％，N260 percent) and the dust in the flue gas is removed from 30g/Nm by high-temperature cyclone dust removal3Down to 5g/Nm3The smoke gas recovery branch valve is controllable, namely the smoke gas can be controlled to enter a preheating pipeline or other pipelines, 250kg of scrap steel blocks enter a scrap steel preheating pipeline from a side feeding door through a conveyor belt to preheat the scrap steelA tank, wherein the flue gas is introduced into a scrap steel preheating tank, and a scrap steel block is heated to 750 ℃ after preheating treatment is carried out for 15 minutes; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
Example 2
A smoke hood is moved above the converter to recover high-temperature smoke, and high-temperature smoke (the components are CO25 percent and CO) at the tail section (1450 ℃) of the converter end is recovered225％，N250 percent) and the dust in the flue gas is removed from 40g/Nm through high-temperature cyclone dust removal3Down to 5g/Nm3The smoke recovery branch valve is controllable, namely the smoke can be controlled to enter a preheating pipeline or other pipelines, 200kg of scrap steel blocks enter a scrap steel preheating groove from a side feeding door through a conveyor belt, the smoke is introduced into the scrap steel preheating groove, and the scrap steel blocks are heated to 800 ℃ after being preheated for 15 minutes; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
Example 3
A smoke hood is moved above the converter to recover high-temperature smoke, and high-temperature (1500 ℃) smoke (the components are CO30 percent and CO is recovered at the tail section of the converter end220％，N250 percent) and the dust in the flue gas is removed from 60g/Nm by high-temperature cyclone dust removal3Down to 5g/Nm3The smoke recovery branch valve is controllable, namely the smoke can be controlled to enter a preheating pipeline or other pipelines, 200kg of scrap steel blocks enter a scrap steel preheating groove from a side feeding door through a conveyor belt, the smoke is introduced into the scrap steel preheating groove, and the scrap steel blocks are heated to 850 ℃ after being preheated for 15 minutes; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
Example 4
The upper part of the converter is moved into the smoke hoodRecovering high-temperature flue gas (component CO 35%, CO) at tail section of rotary furnace end (1600 deg.C)225％，N 240%) and the dust in the flue gas is removed from 80g/Nm by high-temperature cyclone dust removal3Down to 5g/Nm3The smoke recovery branch valve is controllable, namely the smoke can be controlled to enter a preheating pipeline or other pipelines, 200kg of scrap steel blocks enter a scrap steel preheating groove from a side feeding door through a conveyor belt, the smoke is introduced into the scrap steel preheating groove, and the scrap steel blocks are heated to 900 ℃ after being preheated for 15 minutes; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in other forms, and any person skilled in the art can change or modify the technical content disclosed above into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the present invention are within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A device for preheating scrap steel by utilizing converter waste gas is characterized by comprising a converter, a converter smoke hood, a high-temperature cyclone dust collector, a smoke component detector, a scrap steel preheating groove, a convection heat exchanger, a heat accumulator, a waste heat boiler and a steam condensation generator set, wherein the converter smoke hood is movably arranged above the converter and is connected with a gas inlet at the lower part of the side edge of the high-temperature cyclone dust collector through a flue;
the waste steel preheating device is characterized in that a feeding door is arranged on one side of the waste steel preheating groove, a waste steel block conveying belt is arranged at the feeding door, a movable door capable of being opened and closed is arranged at the bottom of the waste steel preheating groove, the movable door is arranged right at a furnace mouth of the converter, a gas outlet of flue gas is arranged on the side edge of the waste steel preheating groove, a flow control valve is arranged at the gas outlet, and the gas outlet is connected to a smoke component detector and a flue connected with the waste steel preheating groove through the flue.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the side of the scrap preheating bath is connected with the convection heat exchanger through a pipe, and an air preheating pipe is arranged above the convection heat exchanger and connected with an air port in the middle of the side of the furnace chamber of the scrap preheating bath.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the converter hood is a cylinder hood type negative pressure recovery hood, and a gas pipeline is arranged on the side part of the convection heat exchanger and is connected with a gas tank.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the high temperature cyclone is a spiral dust collector, the convection heat exchanger is provided therein with a cold air U-shaped heat exchange tube and a circulating water U-shaped heat exchange tube, cold air is supplied to the inside of the cold air U-shaped heat exchange tube, cold circulating water is supplied to the inside of the circulating water U-shaped heat exchange tube, the flue gas outlet is at the same end as the cold air inlet and the circulating water inlet, the flue gas inlet is at the other end of the convection heat exchanger as the cold air outlet and the circulating water outlet, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the gas holder.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the outlet of the flue gas component detector is connected with the inlet of a high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, one of the other two outlet flues of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is communicated with the scrap steel preheating groove, and the other outlet flue is communicated with a coal gas treatment and recovery system.
6. A method for preheating scrap steel by using converter waste gas, which comprises the steps of moving the device according to any one of claims 1-5 into a smoke hood above a converter to recover high-temperature smoke gas, and recovering and transferring the high-temperature smoke gasThe high temperature of 1400-1600 ℃ flue gas at the end section of the furnace end, and the dust in the flue gas is removed from 30g/Nm by high temperature cyclone dust removal3-80g/Nm3Down to 5g/Nm3Then, the scrap steel blocks enter a scrap steel preheating groove from a side feeding door through a conveyor belt, and smoke is introduced into the scrap steel preheating groove to heat the scrap steel blocks; the preheated flue gas enters the flue through a gas outlet at the right side of the scrap steel preheating groove, is recycled into the pipeline again, the smoke hood at the top of the converter is moved away, the preheated scrap steel leaks into the converter through a bottom discharge door, and the preheated scrap steel is moved into the smoke hood at the top of the converter to preheat the scrap steel at the next stage.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the temperature of the tail section high temperature flue gas is 1400 ℃ to 1600 ℃, and the temperature of the scrap steel block heating is 750 ℃ to 900 ℃.
8. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the controllable flue gas recovery branch valve means that the flue gas component detector controls the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve, when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is less than 40%, the branch valve of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is controlled to lead the flue gas to the scrap steel preheating tank, and when the concentration of carbon monoxide in the flue gas is more than 40%, the branch valve of the high-temperature flue gas three-way valve is controlled to lead the flue gas to the coal gas treatment and recovery system.
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| CN112921138B (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2022-06-24 | 东北大学 | Vanadium-titanium blast furnace smelting method with addition of preheated scrap steel |
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