CN109971458A - A kind of method of purification of quantum dot - Google Patents
A kind of method of purification of quantum dot Download PDFInfo
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- CN109971458A CN109971458A CN201711448283.6A CN201711448283A CN109971458A CN 109971458 A CN109971458 A CN 109971458A CN 201711448283 A CN201711448283 A CN 201711448283A CN 109971458 A CN109971458 A CN 109971458A
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of method of purification of quantum dot, and method is comprising steps of provide the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion;Organic phosphine compound is mixed with the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion, reacts organic phosphine compound with the ion presoma in the quantum dot solution;After reaction, precipitating reagent is added, takes solid phase, obtains quantum dot.The present invention can effectively completely remove abundant residues cation presoma in quantum dot solution through the above way.Importantly, the optical property of quantum dot itself does not have apparent change.The purification process is simple, operation easily repeats, and solves the deficiency of quantum dot related application in the prior art, the preparation for efficient QLED device provides more possibility.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to quantum dot field more particularly to a kind of methods of purification of quantum dot.
Background technique
The significant quantum confined effect of quantum dot makes it have that launch wavelength is continuously adjustable, emission wavelength is narrow, absorption spectrum
Wide, luminous intensity is high and many unique nanometer properties such as fluorescence lifetime is long, these features make quantum dot FPD,
The photoelectric fields such as solid-state lighting, photovoltaic solar all have broad application prospect.
It is well known that in photoelectric device such as semiconductor display device, illuminating device and solar device, to photoelectricity material
The purity requirement of material is very high, and the introducing of trace impurity not only can cause shadow to the characteristics such as optically and electrically of photoelectric material itself
It rings, the behavior of carrier and exciton etc. in whole photoelectric device but will be impacted, thus greatly reduce corresponding photoelectricity
The performance of device.
Be currently used in photoelectric field semiconductor Colloidal Quantum Dots be mostly by metallorganic pyrolyzing synthesis method come
Preparation, in this approach, the reaction system of the presoma of anion and cationic presoma reaches reactant at high temperature
Moment supersaturation, thus occur in the short time at nuclear reaction and subsequent growth response, ultimately form with excellent dimensions
The quantum dot of single distributivity.But due to the difference of different presoma reactivities and it is formed by quantum dot component not
With requirement, after quantum dot is formed, often there are one or more of excessive or remaining precursor reagents in reaction system.
For remaining precursor reactant, conventional method is removed by multiple precipitation and centrifugal separation, but some residual forerunners
Body such as zinc oleate etc. will be precipitated to some extent when being lower than certain temperature from reaction system, and in conventional disperse solvent
Such as solubility is low in n-hexane, chloroform, toluene equal solvent, therefore can be settled out together with quantum dot in centrifuge separation
Come, and then leverages the purity of quantum dot product.The quantum dot that can quickly and effectively remove the above impurity need to thus be developed
Method of purification.
Therefore, the prior art is still to be improved and developed.
Summary of the invention
In view of above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of methods of purification of quantum dot, it is intended to
Solve the problems, such as that existing method cannot achieve quantum dot product and efficiently separate with system impurity.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of method of purification of quantum dot, wherein comprising steps of
The quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion is provided;
Organic phosphine compound is mixed with the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion, makes organic phosphine compound and the quantum
Ion presoma in point solution is reacted;
After reaction, precipitating reagent is added, takes solid phase, obtains quantum dot.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the organic phosphine compound is the organic compound containing C-P bond
Object.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the organic phosphine compound is tri octyl phosphine, tributylphosphine, three (two
Methylamino) phosphine, tripyrrole alkane phosphine, triethyl phosphine, octadecylphosphonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methylphosphonic acid, 2- amino-ethyl phosphine
One of acid, diphenyl phosphonic acid, 4- aminobenzyl phosphonic acids are a variety of.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein according to the organic phosphine compound and the presoma containing ion
Volume ratio 0.01:1 ~ 1:1 of quantum dot solution, by the oil-soluble quantum of the organic phosphine compound and the presoma containing ion
Point solution mixing.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the step makes in organic phosphine compound and the quantum dot solution
Ion presoma reacted, reaction temperature is 150 ~ 400 DEG C;
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the step make in organic phosphine compound and the quantum dot solution from
During sub- presoma is reacted, the reaction time is 30s ~ 12h.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the ion precursor is body before cationic precursor or anion
Body.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the cation presoma is fatty acid salt.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the fatty acid salt is fatty acid cadmium, fatty acid zinc, lead stearate
With one of fatty acid indium or a variety of.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is monounsaturated fatty acids,
The monounsaturated fatty acids is one of oleic acid, nutmeg oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, erucic acid or a variety of.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is polyunsaturated fatty acid,
The polyunsaturated fatty acid is one of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid or a variety of.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is saturated fatty acid, described
Saturated fatty acid is one of octanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and arachidic acid or a variety of.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the anion presoma is one of sulphur, selenium and tellurium or a variety of
In tri octyl phosphine, tributylphosphine, octadecylene, oleic acid, octadecylamine, trioctylamine, octadecylphosphonic acid and 9- octadecenyl amine
One or more compositions compound.
The method of purification of the quantum dot, wherein the quantum dot is II-VI group quanta point material system, iii-v
One of quanta point material system, group IV-VI quanta point material system are a variety of.
The utility model has the advantages that the present invention through the above way can be effectively by abundant residues ion presoma in quantum dot solution
It completely removes.Importantly, before and after phase transfer, the optical property of quantum dot itself does not have apparent change.This is purified
Journey is simple, operation easily repeats, and solves the deficiency of quantum dot related application in the prior art, mentions for the preparation of efficient QLED device
More possibility are supplied.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for purification specific embodiment of quantum dot provided by the invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of method of purification of quantum dot, to keep the purpose of the present invention, technical solution and effect more clear
Chu defines, and the present invention is described in more detail below.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to solve
The present invention is released, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the method for purification specific embodiment of quantum dot provided by the invention, as shown, its
Comprising steps of
100, the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion is provided;
200, organic phosphine compound is mixed with the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion, make organic phosphine compound with it is described
Ion presoma in quantum dot solution is reacted;
300, precipitating reagent after reaction, is added, takes solid phase, obtains quantum dot.
The method of purification of quantum dot of the present invention, by molten in the quantum dot containing residual or excess amount of ions precursor
A certain proportion of organic phosphorus compound is added in liquid, and ion precursor and organic phosphorus compound is made to be dissolved and be coordinated anti-
It answers, so that the ion precursor as impurity will not be easily with quantum dot Precipitation together, to obtain without containing not anti-
The high-purity quantum dot sample for the ion precursor answered.
Above-mentioned steps are described in detail below by specific embodiment.
In step 100, the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion obtains after can be another preparation process
Untreated quantum dot solution;The quanta point material that another preparation process obtains can also be dispersed to be formed in a solvent again
Solution system.Often containing residual or excessive unreacted ion presoma in the quantum dot solution.
Wherein, the solvent for dispersing quantum dot can be non-polar organic solvent, the non-polar organic solvent
It is any one in being but be not limited to chloroform, toluene, chlorobenzene, n-hexane, normal octane, decahydronaphthalene, tridecane, octadecylene etc.
Kind.
Wherein, the ion precursor is cationic precursor or anion precursor.
Further, the cationic presoma is fatty acid salt.
Further, the fatty acid salt is fatty acid cadmium, fatty acid zinc, lead stearate, fatty acid indium and fatty acid gallium
One of or it is a variety of.
In a wherein embodiment, the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is monounsaturated fatty acids, it is preferable that institute
Stating monounsaturated fatty acids is one of oleic acid, nutmeg oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, erucic acid or a variety of.
In a wherein embodiment, the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is polyunsaturated fatty acid, it is preferable that institute
Stating polyunsaturated fatty acid is one of eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid or a variety of.
In a wherein embodiment, the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is saturated fatty acid, it is preferable that described full
It with fatty acid is one of octanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and arachidic acid or a variety of.
In a wherein embodiment, the fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt can be monounsaturated fatty acids, mostly not
One of saturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid are a variety of.
Specifically, the cationic presoma be zinc oleate, cadmium oleate, plumbi oleas, oleic acid indium, oleic acid gallium, cadmium stearate,
Zinc stearate, stearic acid indium, stearic acid gallium, myristyl acid zinc, myristyl acid cadmium, myristyl lead plumbate, myristyl acid
Indium, myristyl acid gallium, cetyl acid zinc, cetyl acid cadmium, cetyl lead plumbate, cetyl acid indium, cetyl
One of sour gallium etc. is a variety of.
Wherein, the anion presoma is one of sulphur, selenium and tellurium or a variety of and tri octyl phosphine, tributylphosphine, ten
The chemical combination of one of eight alkene, oleic acid, octadecylamine, trioctylamine, octadecylphosphonic acid and 9- octadecenyl amine or a variety of compositions
Object can be removed from quantum dot solution by means of the present invention.
A kind of method of purification of quantum dot provided by the present invention, the quantum dot being applicable in are II-VI group quanta point material
One of system, iii-v quanta point material system, group IV-VI quanta point material system are a variety of.
As an example, the quantum dot include: CdSe, CdS of II-VI group, ZnSe, ZnS, CdTe, ZnTe, CdZnS,
CdZnSe、CdZnTe、ZnSeS、ZnSeTe、ZnTeS、CdSeS、CdSeTe、CdTeS、CdZnSeS、CdZnSeTe、CdZnSTe、
CdSeSTe,ZnSeSTe,CdZnSeSTe;GaP, InP of iii-v, GaAs, InAs, GaAsP, InAsP, InGaP,
InGaAs,InGaAsP;PbS, PbSe, PbTe, PbSeS, PbSeTe, PbSTe of group IV-VI and above-mentioned quantum dot are arbitrary
Combination, but not limited to this.
The structure of the quantum dot includes: that the uniform mononuclear structure of quantum dot binary composition, quantum dot multicomponent alloy component are equal
One mononuclear structure, quantum dot multicomponent alloy content gradually variational mononuclear structure, the discrete core-shell structure of quantum dot binary composition, quantum dot are more
The discrete core-shell structure of first alloy compositions, quantum dot multicomponent alloy content gradually variational core-shell structure.
Step 200 specifically includes: by a certain percentage, the quantum dot of organic phosphine compound and the presoma containing ion is molten
Then liquid mixing heats and so that organic phosphine compound is carried out complexation reaction with the ion presoma in the quantum dot solution and make
Ion precursor is dissolved in organic phosphine compound, then by whole system it is cooling carried out after room temperature static decantation, filtering,
The modes such as centrifuge separation or distillation extract solid formation to get the quantum dot of high-purity is arrived.Preferably, described to heat and make organic phosphine
Ion presoma in compound and the quantum dot solution carries out complexation reaction and ion precursor is made to be dissolved in organic phosphine
It closes in object, heating temperature is 150 ~ 400 DEG C, and heating time is 30s ~ 12h.
Wherein, organic phosphine compound is to contain carbon-phosphorus group organic compound.
As a wherein specific embodiment, the organic phosphine compound is tri octyl phosphine, tributylphosphine, three (diformazans
Amido) phosphine, tripyrrole alkane phosphine, triethyl phosphine, octadecylphosphonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methylphosphonic acid, 2- aminoethyl phosphonic acid,
One of diphenyl phosphonic acid, 4- aminobenzyl phosphonic acids are a variety of.
As a wherein specific embodiment, to keep organic phosphine compound and the ion presoma in quantum dot solution anti-
Should completely, according to volume ratio 0.01:1 ~ 1:1 of the organic phosphine compound and the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion,
The organic phosphine compound is mixed with the oil-soluble quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion.
Wherein, when the organic phosphine compound being mixed with the quantum dot solution of the precursor containing ion, can inert atmosphere,
It is carried out under air atmosphere or vacuum (pressure < 100 Pa) environment.
Step 300 specifically includes: to which after reaction, remaining ion precursor is dissolved completely in body by complexation reaction
It in system, is cooled to room temperature, adds precipitating reagent, obtain quantum dot by separating solid phase, the method for the separation solid phase includes: quiet
Only the methods of decantation, filtering, centrifuge separation and distillation or the combination of the above method, but not limited to this.
In step 300, further include the steps that removing solvent in solid phase, comprising: be added to admittedly middle for dispersing quantum dot
Then solvent adds precipitating reagent, be finally centrifuged, separate, and can be obtained quantum dot after drying.
Preferably, the precipitating reagent includes one of methanol, ethyl alcohol, acetone, isopropanol, ethyl acetate or a variety of.
Preferably, the drying condition of the quantum dot after having separated can be to spontaneously dry, be dried in vacuo in air, in air
One of heat drying, vacuum and heating drying.
The purification principle of oil-soluble quantum dot of the present invention specifically: organic phosphine compound be added to containing residual or it is excessive not
In the quantum dot solution of reactive ion presoma, excessive cation presoma or anion precursor in quantum dot solution can
In conjunction with carrying out coordination with organic phosphine compound, the product of generation can be preferably dissolved in system solution, and will not be again
It, therefore, can be effectively by the ion presoma in quantum dot solution from amount as quantum dot is precipitated together when being cooled to room temperature
It is transferred in liquid phase layer completely in son point solution.Then it is finally precipitated and is dried again by centrifuge separation removal liquid layer again
A kind of higher quantum dot of purity can be prepared.
In order to enable the ion presoma in quantum dot achievees the purpose that completely remove, the addition of the above organic phosphine compound
Separation with liquid phase can carry out primary or multiple, the quantum dot of the purity needed for obtaining.Then quantum dot is carried out again
Purification process can obtain quantum dot powder after dry.It through the above way can be effectively by abundant residues in quantum dot
Ion presoma completely removes.Importantly, the optical property of quantum dot itself, which does not have, significantly to be changed before and after phase transfer
Become.The purification process is simple, operation easily repeats, and solves the deficiency of quantum dot related application in the prior art, is efficient QLED
The preparation of device provides more possibility.
Below by embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
Quantum dot reactant in the present embodiment using tri octyl phosphine (TOP) purification containing excessive oleic acid zinc cation presoma
System, includes the following steps:
(1) the quantum dot reaction system 20mL after reaction containing excessive oleic acid zinc cation presoma is provided, temperature is controlled
150 DEG C are down to by 300 DEG C;
(2) 2 mL tri octyl phosphines are added toward reaction system, maintain the temperature at 150 DEG C and reacts 15mins;
(3) reaction system is cooled to room temperature, adds after acetone is precipitated and is centrifugated, obtain centrifugation after outwelling liquid phase
Solid phase is dispersed in n-hexane again, is added acetone and is precipitated centrifugation again, and and so on 5 times, the amount of high-purity can be obtained
Son point sample.
Embodiment 2
Quantum dot solution of the present embodiment using octadecylphosphonic acid purification containing excessive oleic acid zinc cation presoma, including such as
Lower step:
(1) under inert atmosphere protection, the n-hexane for taking 15 mL to contain the quantum dot of excessive oleic acid zinc cation presoma is molten
Liquid is injected into the there-necked flask containing 15mL octadecylene;
(2) by the solution system in there-necked flask be heated to 80 DEG C and maintain 30mins to completely remove in solution system just oneself
Alkane;Continue for solution system to be heated to 320 DEG C, 10mL octadecylphosphonic acid is added into solution system, maintains the temperature at 320 DEG C
Lower reaction 1mins;
(3) it after being cooled to room temperature reaction system, is added after acetone is precipitated and is centrifugated, obtain centrifugation after outwelling liquid phase
Solid phase is dispersed in n-hexane again, is added acetone and is precipitated centrifugation again, and and so on 5 times, the amount of high-purity can be obtained
Son point sample.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment contains the quantum dot reaction system of excess Se-TOP anion presoma using tributylphosphine purification, including such as
Lower step:
(1) the quantum dot reaction system 20mL for containing excess Se-TOP anion presoma after reaction is provided, temperature is controlled
150 DEG C are down to by 300 DEG C;
(2) 0.2 mL tributylphosphine is added toward reaction system, is stirred to react 12h under nitrogen atmosphere at room temperature;
(3) conventional precipitation and centrifugal separation purification is carried out after being cooled to room temperature reaction system: be added after acetone is precipitated from
Heart separation outwells and centrifugation is obtained solid phase after liquid phase is dispersed in n-hexane again, adds acetone and precipitate centrifugation again, so
Reciprocal 5 times, the quantum dot sample of high-purity can be obtained.
In conclusion a kind of method of purification of quantum dot provided by the invention, by before containing residual or excess amount of ions
Be added a certain proportion of organic phosphorus compound in the quantum dot solution of body, in quantum dot solution excessive cationic presoma or
Anion precursor, coordination can be carried out with organic phosphine compound in conjunction with, it is molten that the product of generation can preferably be dissolved in system
In liquid, and will not be when being cooled to room temperature or centrifuge separation as quantum dot is precipitated together, it therefore, can be effectively by quantum
Then ion presoma in point solution passes through centrifuge separation removal liquid from being transferred to completely in liquid phase layer in quantum dot solution again
Layer, drying can prepare a kind of higher quantum dot of purity.The present invention through the above way can be effectively by quantum dot solution
Middle abundant residues ion presoma completely removes.Importantly, the optical property of quantum dot itself does not have apparent change.
The purification process is simple, operation easily repeats, and solves the deficiency of quantum dot related application in the prior art, is efficient QLED device
Preparation provide more possibility.
It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above for those of ordinary skills can
With improvement or transformation based on the above description, all these modifications and variations all should belong to the guarantor of appended claims of the present invention
Protect range.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of method of purification of quantum dot, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
The quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion is provided;
Organic phosphine compound is mixed with the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion, makes organic phosphine compound and the quantum
Ion presoma in point solution is reacted;
After reaction, precipitating reagent is added, takes solid phase, obtains quantum dot.
2. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic phosphine compound be containing
Carbon-phosphorus group organic compound.
3. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the organic phosphine compound is trioctylphosphine
Phosphine, tributylphosphine, three (dimethylamino) phosphines, tripyrrole alkane phosphine, triethyl phosphine, octadecylphosphonic acid, vinyl phosphonic acid, methylphosphine
One of acid, 2- aminoethyl phosphonic acid, diphenyl phosphonic acid, 4- aminobenzyl phosphonic acids are a variety of.
4. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that according to the organic phosphine compound and institute
Volume ratio 0.01:1 ~ the 1:1 for stating the quantum dot solution of the presoma containing ion, by the organic phosphine compound with described containing before ion
Drive the quantum dot solution mixing of body.
5. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step make organic phosphine compound with
During ion presoma in the quantum dot solution is reacted, reaction temperature is 150 ~ 400 DEG C;And/or the reaction time is 30s
~12h。
6. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that before the ion precursor is cationic
Body or anion precursor.
7. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the cation presoma is fatty acid
Salt.
8. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the fatty acid salt be fatty acid cadmium,
One of fatty acid zinc, lead stearate, fatty acid indium and fatty acid gallium are a variety of.
9. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 7, which is characterized in that form the fatty acid of the fatty acid salt
For monounsaturated fatty acids, the monounsaturated fatty acids be one of oleic acid, nutmeg oleic acid, palmitoleic acid, erucic acid or
It is a variety of;And/or
The fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is polyunsaturated fatty acid, and the polyunsaturated fatty acid is eicosapentaenoic acid
With one of docosahexaenoic acid or a variety of;And/or
The fatty acid for forming the fatty acid salt is saturated fatty acid, and the saturated fatty acid is octanoic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, beans
One of cool acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid and arachidic acid are a variety of.
10. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the anion presoma is sulphur, selenium
With one of tellurium or a variety of with tri octyl phosphine, tributylphosphine, octadecylene, oleic acid, octadecylamine, trioctylamine, octadecyl
The compound of one of phosphonic acids and 9- octadecenyl amine or a variety of compositions.
11. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the quantum dot is II-VI group quantum
One of point material system, iii-v quanta point material system, group IV-VI quanta point material system are a variety of.
12. the method for purification of quantum dot according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the method for taking solid phase includes quiet
Only one of decantation, filtering, centrifuge separation and distillation or a variety of.
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CN111548784A (en) * | 2020-05-13 | 2020-08-18 | 合肥福纳科技有限公司 | Post-processing method and preparation method of quantum dots, prepared quantum dots and application |
CN111957060A (en) * | 2020-08-25 | 2020-11-20 | 合肥福纳科技有限公司 | Method for recycling quantum dot purification waste liquid |
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