CN109969209B

CN109969209B - Front end opening and closing mechanism for railway vehicle and railway vehicle with front end opening and closing mechanism

Info

Publication number: CN109969209B
Application number: CN201711466053.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 晏皓恩; 王玉斌
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-12-28
Filing date: 2017-12-28
Publication date: 2021-01-19
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-28
Also published as: CN109969209A

Abstract

The invention discloses a front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle with the front end opening and closing mechanism, wherein the opening and closing mechanism comprises a first hood, a second hood, a bracket, two swing arm groups, a transmission part and a driving component, wherein the two swing arm groups are arranged at intervals up and down; the first hood and the second hood are switchable between a closed state and an open state; each swing arm group comprises a first swing arm and a second swing arm, the first swing arm is connected with the first head cover and is rotatably connected with the support, and the second swing arm is connected with the second head cover and is rotatably connected with the support; the transmission piece is respectively connected with a first swing arm and a second swing arm in at least one swing arm group and is used for enabling the first swing arm and the second swing arm to synchronously and reversely rotate; the driving assembly comprises a telescopic first part and a telescopic second part, the first part is connected with the bracket, and the second part is connected with one swing arm in one swing arm group positioned below. The opening and closing mechanism of the invention can realize the opening and closing of the first hood and the second hood, and has simple structure and good stability.

Description

Front end opening and closing mechanism for railway vehicle and railway vehicle with front end opening and closing mechanism

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of railway vehicles, in particular to a front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle and the railway vehicle with the front end opening and closing mechanism.

Background

The front end of a railway vehicle is generally provided with an opening and closing mechanism having two openable and closable cover heads. The opening and closing mechanism in the related art is provided with a rack and a space four-bar linkage, and is driven by a cylinder, transmission is realized by utilizing a gear rack, and the space four-bar linkage is driven to realize the opening and closing action of the cover head.

However, the power source of the opening and closing mechanism is fixed on the support frame on the track, the moment of the connecting rod acting on the swing arm is small, and in order to avoid the downward movement of each part due to the self weight, two supporting mechanisms are arranged, and in order to avoid the interference, the clearance of the pivot of the opposite swing arm needs to be designed, so that the structure is complex, the installation and adjustment requirements are high, the weight is heavy, the space layout is poor in reasonableness, the stability is poor, and the operation is very inconvenient.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the above technical problems to a certain extent.

Therefore, the invention provides a front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle, which can conveniently switch a first head cover and a second head cover between a mutually folded state and a mutually unfolded state and has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable spatial layout, convenient operation, good stability and the like.

The invention also provides a rail vehicle with the opening and closing mechanism.

The front end opening and closing mechanism for the railway vehicle comprises a first head cover, a second head cover, a support, two swing arm groups, a transmission piece and a driving assembly, wherein the two swing arm groups are arranged at intervals up and down; the first hood and the second hood are switchable between a closed state of being folded and an open state of being unfolded; each swing arm group comprises a first swing arm and a second swing arm, the first swing arm is connected with the first hood and is rotatably connected with the support, the second swing arm is connected with the second hood and is rotatably connected with the support, the two first swing arms rotate along a same axis, and the two second swing arms rotate along a same axis; the transmission piece is respectively connected with a first swing arm and a second swing arm in at least one swing arm group and is used for enabling the first swing arm and the second swing arm to synchronously and reversely rotate; the driving assembly comprises a first portion and a second portion which are telescopic mutually, the first portion of the driving assembly is connected with the support, and the second portion of the driving assembly is connected with one of the first swing arm and the second swing arm in one swing arm group located below.

According to the front end opening and closing mechanism for the rail vehicle, the second part of the driving assembly is connected with one of the first swing arm and the second swing arm in the swing arm group located below, the first swing arm and the second swing arm synchronously and reversely rotate by utilizing the expansion of the first part and the second part and the transmission of the transmission piece, so that the first hood and the second hood are synchronously folded or synchronously unfolded, the switching between the closed state and the opened state of the first hood and the second hood is realized, the structure is simple, the processing and assembling and adjusting difficulty can be reduced, the moment acting on the first swing arm and the second swing arm is large, meanwhile, the swing arm group located above can be synchronously driven, the reliability is high, and the stability is good.

Furthermore, the front end opening and closing mechanism for the rail vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:

according to some embodiments of the invention, the drive assembly is a hydraulic drive assembly, a pneumatic drive assembly or a motor drive assembly.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive assembly further comprises: a rotating shaft in threaded transmission with one of the first and second portions and rotatably connected with the other of the first and second portions and fixed in relative position; the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

Optionally, the drive member is an electric motor.

Optionally, the driving member is a handle, and the handle is connected to the driving shaft via a universal joint and/or a flexible shaft.

Alternatively, the rotary shaft extends in a front-rear direction, and the driving member is provided at a rear side of the rotary shaft.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the second portion of the drive assembly is connected to the first swing arm, the second portion being located between the axis of rotation of the first swing arm and the first hood, or the second portion is located between the axis of rotation of the second swing arm and the second hood, the first portion of the drive assembly being located behind the second portion.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the transmission comprises: the first gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the first swing arm; and the second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with the second swing arm, and the first gear is externally meshed with the second gear.

Optionally, the first gear and the second gear are both sector gears.

According to some embodiments of the invention, a portion of the first swing arm from the rotational axis thereof to the first hood intersects a portion of the second swing arm from the rotational axis thereof to the second hood.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the bracket is provided with: the first sliding groove is in a circular arc shape taking the rotation axis of the first swing arm as a center; the second spout, the second spout is for using the axis of rotation of second swing arm is the arc at center, wherein, be equipped with first roller bearing in the first swing arm, be equipped with the second roller bearing in the second swing arm, first roller bearing stretches into first spout and follows first spout is portable, the second roller bearing stretches into the second spout and follows the second spout is slidable.

The rail vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the front end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention.

According to the rail vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the front end opening and closing mechanism for the rail vehicle is arranged, so that the structure can be simplified, the space layout can be optimized, the reliability is high, and the stability is good.

Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:

fig. 1 is a perspective view of a front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle in a closed state according to some embodiments of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the opening and closing mechanism shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view of a front end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle according to further embodiments of the present invention in a closed state;

FIG. 4 is a plan view of the opening/closing mechanism shown in FIG. 3;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic view of a partial structure of an opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of an opening and closing mechanism according to further embodiments of the present invention in a closed state;

fig. 8 is a perspective view of the opening and closing mechanism shown in fig. 7 in an open state;

fig. 9 is a perspective view of an opening and closing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention in a closed state;

fig. 10 is a bottom view of the opening and closing mechanism shown in fig. 9.

Reference numerals:

100: an opening and closing mechanism;

11: a first head cover; 12: a second head cover;

2: a support; 201: a support plate; 21: a first chute; 22: a second chute; 23: a through groove;

3: a swing arm group;

301: a first swing arm group; 31: a first swing arm; 32: a second swing arm;

311: a first roller; 321: a second roller; 322: a roller;

302: a second swing arm group; 33: a third swing arm; 34: a fourth swing arm;

4: a drive assembly; 41: a first portion; 42: a second portion; 43: a rotating shaft; 44: a drive member; 45: a flexible shaft;

5: a transmission member; 51: a first gear; 52: a second gear.

Detailed Description

In the rail vehicle, the opening and closing mechanism is arranged at the front end, wherein the two cover heads can be switched between a closed state of mutual folding and an open state of mutual unfolding; when the railway vehicle normally runs, the two cover heads can be folded, the car coupler is hidden in the railway vehicle, and the integral attractiveness is improved.

The front end opening and closing mechanism for the rail vehicle in the related art is provided with a rack and pinion mechanism and a space four-bar mechanism, wherein a cylinder is used as a power source and is fixed on a support frame on a rail, the cylinder drives a rack to move, and the rack drives a gear to transmit, so that the rack drives the space four-bar mechanism to rotate, and the opening and closing actions of two cover heads are realized.

However, in the opening and closing mechanism with the above-mentioned structure, the power source (i.e., the above-mentioned cylinder) is fixed on the support frame on the rail, and the two connecting rods on the support frame respectively push and pull the swing arms on the left and right sides to open and close the two cover heads, when the opening and closing mechanism is opened, a direct clearance with the opposite swing arm is required to be designed to avoid mutual interference, and a part such as a guide rail for limiting the position is required to limit the rotation angle of the swing arm, so that the structure is complicated, the weight is heavy, and the processing and assembling difficulty is high. And the swing arm is arranged above the supporting plate on the bracket seat, and the fulcrum arranged on the swing arm slides on the supporting plate on the bracket seat, so that the friction is large. In addition, in the opening and closing mechanism with the above structure, the moment of the link acting on the swing arm is small, and the stability and reliability are poor, if a larger moment is adopted, the length of the opening and closing mechanism in the front and rear direction needs to be lengthened, and a larger stroke motor is needed, and the whole weight is further increased.

To this end, the present invention provides a front end opening and closing mechanism 100 for a railway vehicle.

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar components or components having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

The front end opening and closing mechanism 100 for a railway vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention is described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience of description and understanding, the up-down direction, the front-back direction, and the left-right direction are described by taking the illustrated directions as examples, and in the following description, the front end opening and closing mechanism 100 for the rail vehicle is simply referred to as the opening and closing mechanism 100.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 10, the opening and closing mechanism 100 includes: the device comprises a first head cover 11, a second head cover 12, a bracket 2, two swing arm groups 3 and a driving assembly. The first hood 11 and the second hood 12 may be switched between a closed state of being folded to each other and an open state of being unfolded to each other in the left-right direction, the stand 2 may be provided at the rear of the first hood 11 and the second hood 12, and the stand 2 includes a support plate 201.

In the example shown in fig. 1 and 3, the two swing arm groups 3 are illustrated as a first swing arm group 301 and a second swing arm group 302, the first swing arm group 301 and the second swing arm group 302 are arranged at intervals up and down, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, each swing arm group 3 may include a first swing arm 31 and a second swing arm 32, wherein the first swing arm 31 may be connected to the first hood 11, the first swing arm 31 may be rotatably connected to the stand 2, the first swing arm 31 may drive the first hood 11 to rotate when rotating, the second swing arm 32 may be connected to the second hood 12, the second swing arm 32 may be rotatably connected to the stand 2, and the second swing arm 32 may drive the second hood 12 to rotate when rotating.

Further, the first swing arm 31 is rotatably connected to the support plate 201, the second swing arm 32 is rotatably connected to the support plate 201, and the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 may be distributed on upper and lower sides of the support plate 201.

The driving assembly can be respectively connected with the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to drive the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to rotate synchronously and directionally. That is, the drive assembly drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to rotate synchronously, and the rotation directions of the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are opposite. Thus, when the driving assembly drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to rotate, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 can be synchronously folded or synchronously unfolded.

Therefore, the opening and closing mechanism 100 drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to synchronously and reversely rotate through the driving assembly, the switching between the closed state of mutually folding and the open state of mutually unfolding of the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 can be conveniently realized, a space link mechanism in the related technology is not required to be arranged, the structure is simple, the processing and assembling and adjusting difficulty can be reduced, the moment acting on the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 is large, and the weight of the whole opening and closing mechanism 100 is light.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in connection with fig. 1-6, a drive assembly includes: a driving component 4 and a transmission component 5, wherein the driving component drives the first head cover 11 and the second head cover 12 to synchronously fold and synchronously unfold.

As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the transmission member 5 can be connected to the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 of at least one swing arm set 3, respectively, and the transmission member 5 can be used to rotate the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 synchronously and directionally. That is, the transmission 5 can rotate the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 in one swing arm group 3 or two swing arm groups 3 synchronously, and the rotation directions of the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are opposite. Thus, when the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are rotated, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 can be simultaneously closed or simultaneously opened.

The drive assembly 4 may comprise: a first portion 41 and a second portion 42, wherein, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10, the first portion 41 can be connected with the support frame 2, the second portion 42 can be connected with one of the first swing arm 31 of one swing arm group 3 and the second swing arm 32 of the one swing arm group 3, and the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 can move relatively to drive the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to rotate. In some embodiments, the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are mutually telescopic, that is, the drive assembly 4 comprises a telescopic first portion 41 and a second portion 42.

For example, in the example shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first portion 41 is connected to the stand 2, the second portion 42 is connected to the first swing arm 31 of one of the swing arm sets 3 (e.g., the illustrated first swing arm set 301), and when the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are extended from each other, the second portion 42 pushes the first swing arm 31 to rotate to the right about the rotation axis, and under the action of the transmission member 5, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 rotate synchronously and turn reversely, so that the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are closed synchronously, and the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are switched from the open state to the closed state; when the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are mutually shortened, the second portion 42 pushes the first swing arm 31 to rotate leftwards around the rotating shaft 43, and under the action of the transmission piece 5, the first swing arm 31 and the first swing arm 31 synchronously rotate and rotate in opposite directions, so that the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are synchronously unfolded, and the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are switched from the closed state to the open state.

In the example shown in fig. 3 and 4, the first portion 41 is connected to the stand 2, and the second portion 42 is connected to the second swing arm 32 of one upper swing arm group 3 (for example, the illustrated first swing arm group 301), and at this time, the second lower swing arm group 302 is a driven swing arm group; in the example shown in fig. 9 and 10, the first part 41 is connected to the support 2, and the second part 42 is connected to the second swing arm 32 of the lower swing arm group 3, that is, the second part 42 is connected to the second swing arm 42 of the second swing arm group 302, and at this time, the upper first swing arm group 301 is a driven swing arm group.

Thus, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are driven to rotate by the mutual extension and contraction of the first part 41 and the second part 42 of the driving assembly 4, and the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are synchronously and reversely rotated by the transmission piece 5, so that the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 can be conveniently switched between the closed state of being mutually folded and the open state of being mutually unfolded. In addition, in the opening and closing process, one swing arm group 3 can be synchronously driven, and the reliability and the stability can be effectively improved.

According to some embodiments of the invention, the drive assembly 4 may be a hydraulic drive assembly, a pneumatic drive assembly, or a motor drive assembly. That is, the rotation of the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 relative to the support 2 can be achieved by a hydraulic drive assembly, a pneumatic drive assembly, or a motor drive assembly. Simple structure, convenient assembling can set up in a flexible way.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1-4, 7-10, the driving assembly 4 may further include: a rotating shaft 43 and a driving member 44, wherein the rotating shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with one of the first portion 41 and the second portion 42, the rotating shaft 43 can convert the rotation of the rotating shaft 43 into movement, the rotating shaft 43 is rotatably connected with the other and is fixed in relative position to adapt to the relative movement generated by the rotation between the first portion 41 and the second portion 42, and the driving member 44 is connected with the rotating shaft 43 to drive the rotating shaft 43 to rotate. This makes it possible to optimize the spatial layout of the opening/closing mechanism 100, to further increase the moment acting on the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32, and to facilitate the opening/closing operation.

For example, in the example shown in fig. 1 to 4 and fig. 9 and 10, the rotation shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with the first portion 41, the rotation shaft 43 is rotatably connected with the second portion 42, and the relative position of the rotation shaft 43 and the second portion 42 is fixed, when the driving member 44 drives the rotation shaft 43 to rotate, the rotation shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with the first portion 41, the rotation of the rotation shaft 43 is converted into movement, the first portion 41 and the second portion 42 are relatively moved, and the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are synchronously and reversely rotated under the cooperation of the driving member 5, so that the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are switched between the closed state and the open state.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1-4, 9 and 10, the first and

second portions

41 and 42 are movable in the front-rear direction; alternatively, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are movable in the left-right direction, wherein the screw transmission may be a configuration in which the rotating shaft 43 is a lead screw and the first part 41 is a fixed nut, and the structure is simple and compact, and the difficulty of installation and adjustment is low.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10, the driving member 44 may be a motor, and the motor may be mounted on the supporting plate 201, the motor drives the rotating shaft 43 to rotate, the rotating shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with the first portion 41, the rotation of the motor is converted into a linear motion of the first portion 41, the first portion 41 is moved relative to the second portion 42, and the switching between the open state and the closed state of the first head cover 11 and the second head cover 12 is further achieved, and the motor may be mounted on the supporting plate 201, and the supporting plate 201 provides support for the motor, so that stability and reliability are improved. The screw transmission can be a form that the rotating shaft 43 is a screw rod and the first part 41 is a fixed nut, and has simple and compact structure and low installation and adjustment difficulty.

According to other embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, 4, 7 and 8, the driving member 44 may be a handle, and the handle is connected to the rotating shaft 43 via a universal joint and/or a flexible shaft 45. That is, the rotating shaft 43 can be rotated by manual operation, and the handle and the rotating shaft 43 can be connected by a universal joint, or, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the handle and the rotating shaft 43 can be connected by a flexible shaft 45, or, the handle and the rotating shaft 43 can be connected by a universal joint and a flexible shaft 45. From this, it is more convenient to connect, can reduce occupation space moreover, optimizes structural layout, and the flexible operation of being convenient for at any time is carried out to manual drive's mode.

In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 1, 2, 9 and 10, the rotating shaft 43 may extend in the front-rear direction, and the driving member 44 may be disposed at the rear side of the rotating shaft 43, i.e., the driving member 44 may drive the rotating shaft 43 to rotate from the rear side.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the second portion 42 of the drive assembly 4 may be connected to the first swing arm 31, and the second portion 42 may be located between the rotational axis of the first swing arm 31 and the first head cover 11; alternatively, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, the second portion 42 may be located between the rotational axis of the second swing arm 32 and the second hood 12, and the first portion 41 of the drive assembly 4 may be located at the rear side of the second portion 42. In this way, the second portion 42 can be disposed at the front half of the swing arm connected thereto, which not only makes the structure more compact, but also facilitates to increase the moment and improve the stability of the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 when they are opened and closed. In other words, the drive assembly 4 may be arranged in a front-rear direction and be telescopic in the front-rear direction, wherein the first portion 41 is connected to the stand 2 at the rear side and the second portion 42 is connected to the first swing arm 31 or the second swing arm 32 at the front side.

Like this, can utilize drive assembly 4 to drive in the flexible first swing arm 31 of fore-and-aft direction and second swing arm 32 one rotatory to the realization is to the open and close control of first hood 11 and second hood 12, on the one hand, can reduce the occupation space of closing mechanism 100, avoids taking place to interfere, makes the structure compacter, and on the other hand, the operator of still being convenient for carries out the application of force, and convenient operation is laborsaving to drive assembly 4.

In other embodiments, as shown in fig. 7 and 8, the rotation shaft 43 may extend in the left-right direction, and the driving member 44 may be provided on a side of the first portion 41 away from the second portion 42. For example, the first portion 41 is located on the left side of the second portion 42, and the driver 44 may be provided on the right side of the first portion 41, so that the structure can be made simple and compact, and the space occupied by the opening and closing mechanism in the front-rear direction can be reduced.

Therefore, the driving assembly 4 can be arranged at a reasonable position according to the spatial arrangement condition, the moving direction of the driving assembly 4 can be adaptively designed, and the installation and adjustment and the operation are convenient.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bracket 2 has a support plate 201, and the support plate 201 of the opening and closing mechanism 100 according to the embodiments of the present invention is described in detail below.

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the supporting plate 201 may be provided with a first sliding slot 21 and a second sliding slot 22, the first sliding slot 21 may be in a circular arc shape with the rotation axis and the center of the first swing arm 31, the second sliding slot 22 may be in a circular arc shape with the rotation axis of the second swing arm 32 as the center, wherein the first swing arm 31 may be provided with a first roller 311, the second swing arm 32 may be provided with a second roller 321, the first roller 311 may extend into the first sliding slot 21, the first roller 311 may move along the first sliding slot 21, the second roller 321 may extend into the second sliding slot 22, and the second roller 321 may move along the second sliding slot 22.

From this, not only can provide the auxiliary action through first spout 21 and second spout 22 to the rotation of first swing arm 31 and second swing arm 32, can utilize first spout 21 and second spout 22 to realize spacingly to first swing arm 31 and second swing arm 32 moreover, can realize accurate positioning, and the motion stability and the reliability of closing mechanism 100 can further be guaranteed. Meanwhile, parts such as guide rails and the like in the related technology do not need to be arranged, and the processing precision and the assembly difficulty can be reduced. In addition, the first roller 311 and the second roller 321 are designed to enable the first roller 311 to roll in the first sliding groove 21 and the second roller 321 to roll in the second sliding groove 22, so that friction is greatly reduced, noise is reduced, and loss is reduced.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the support plate 201 may be provided with at least one through groove 23 penetrating in a thickness direction of the support plate 201. Therefore, the supporting plate 201 can play a supporting role, and the through groove 23 is arranged, so that the weight of the supporting plate 201 can be reduced, the material is saved, and the cost is reduced.

Alternatively, the support plate 201 may be cut from a thin plate. Here, the thin plate is a plate body in which the extending length of the support plate 201 is much greater than the thickness thereof. That is, the supporting plate 201 may be formed of a thin plate material that is integrally cut, and for example, the supporting plate 201 may be cut by numerical control cutting means such as laser cutting, wire cutting, water cutting, and the like. The supporting plate 201 formed by cutting can reduce stress concentration and optimize the supporting effect on the one hand, and is convenient to process and manufacture and capable of reducing cost on the other hand.

Optionally, the support plate 201 is a flat plate having a thickness in the range of 8 mm to 12 mm; alternatively, the support plate 201 may be an aluminum plate. This facilitates processing, and the weight of the support plate 201 can be made light, so that the entire weight of the opening/closing mechanism 100 can be further reduced, which is advantageous for opening/closing operation.

Further, the thickness m of the support plate 201 may satisfy: m is more than or equal to 6mm and less than or equal to 14 mm. This facilitates processing, and the weight of the support plate 201 can be reduced, thereby further reducing the overall weight of the opening/closing mechanism 100.

As for the swing arm set 3, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 form a first swing arm set 301, wherein the first swing arm 31 can be connected to the first hood 11, the first swing arm 31 can be rotatably connected to the support plate 201, the first swing arm 31 can drive the first hood 11 to rotate when rotating, the second swing arm 32 can be connected to the second hood 12, the second swing arm 32 can be rotatably connected to the support plate 201, and the second swing arm 32 can drive the second hood 12 to rotate when rotating.

Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the first swing arm 31 may be disposed above the supporting plate 201, the second swing arm 32 may be disposed below the supporting plate 201, and the upper end of the second roller 321 may pass through the second sliding groove 22 and be connected to the rollers 322 supported at both sides of the second sliding groove 22, so that the rollers 322 may pull the second swing arm 32 from above, and the stability of the second swing arm 32 may be further improved.

In some embodiments, the first swing arm 31 may include a plurality of coinciding rotation axes, and the second swing arm 32 may include a plurality of coinciding rotation axes, so that the driven swing arm can be used to assist the opening and closing actions, and the reliability and stability are high. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more.

For example, in the example shown in fig. 9 and 10, the first swing arm 31 may include two pieces arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, the second swing arm 32 may include two pieces arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, and the rotation axes of the two first swing arms 31 coincide and the rotation axes of the two second swing arms 32 coincide. Optionally, the driving member 44 drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located above to rotate, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located below are synchronously driven, and the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located below are used for realizing an auxiliary function; alternatively, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the driving member 44 may be provided on the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located below, so that the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located below rotate in opposite directions and synchronously, and the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located above rotate in a driven manner, thereby effectively improving the opening and closing stability and reliability.

Of course, the structure of the present invention is not limited to this, the number of the first swing arms 31 and the second swing arms 32 may be other, and the driving member 44 may be flexibly disposed on the corresponding first swing arm 31 and the corresponding second swing arm 32, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the second swing arm set 302 may be at least one, and the second swing arm set 302 may include a third swing arm 33 and a fourth swing arm 34, wherein the third swing arm 33 is connected to the first hood 11, the third swing arm 33 is rotatably connected to the stand 2, the fourth swing arm 34 is connected to the second hood 12, the fourth swing arm 34 is rotatably connected to the stand 2, the third swing arm 33 co-rotates the shaft 43 with the first swing arm 31, and the fourth swing arm 34 co-rotates the shaft 43 with the second swing arm 32. Thus, when the driving assembly 4 drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to rotate, the third swing arm 33 and the fourth swing arm 34 can be synchronously driven, so that an auxiliary effect can be provided for opening and closing the first hood 11 and the second hood 12, and the stability and the reliability can be effectively improved.

For example, in the example shown in fig. 1 and 3, the opening/closing mechanism 100 includes a second swing arm group 302, the second swing arm group 302 is located below the first swing arm group 301 and is spaced apart from the first swing arm group 301, the driving assembly 4 drives the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 located above to rotate, and the third swing arm 33 and the fourth swing arm 34 located below are synchronously driven. Of course, the structure of the present invention is not limited thereto, and the second swing arm group 302 may also be another number, for example, two, three, etc., and the present invention is not limited thereto.

Here, the third swing arm 33 in the second swing arm group 302 may be understood as one first swing arm 31 in the plurality of first swing arms 31, and the fourth swing arm 34 in the second swing arm group 302 may be understood as one second swing arm 32 in the plurality of second swing arms 32.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 to 4 and fig. 9 and 10, a portion of the first swing arm 31 from the rotation axis thereof to the first hood 11 intersects a portion of the second swing arm 32 from the rotation axis thereof to the second hood 12, that is, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are formed in an intersecting structure, so that the occupied space can be further reduced, the stability can be further improved, and the driving can be facilitated.

According to some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the transmission piece 5 may comprise: a first gear 51 and a second gear 52, wherein the first gear 51 can be coaxially fixedly connected with the first swing arm 31, the second gear 52 can be coaxially fixedly connected with the second swing arm 32, and the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 are externally meshed. Like this, when first swing arm 31 rotated around its pivotal axis, first gear 51 rotated with first swing arm 31 synchronous, and first gear 51 and second gear 52 external toothing, second gear 52 antiport, at this moment, second swing arm 32 rotated with second gear 52 synchronous, therefore, realized first swing arm 31 and second swing arm 32 synchronous and antiport, thereby can make first headgear and second headgear 12 fold in step or expand in step, and then realize the switching between closed condition and open condition, high transmission efficiency, good reliability, and simple structure, easy dismounting.

It should be noted that, by coaxially fixedly connected, it is meant that the gear is coaxially disposed and fixedly connected with the swing arm, i.e. the gear and the swing arm can pivot synchronously, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. In addition, it can be understood that the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 have the same number of teeth, and are meshed externally to realize transmission, and the rotating directions are opposite.

Advantageously, the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 are both sector gears, which not only can realize the transmission between the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32, so that the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 rotate synchronously and reversely, but also has a simpler and more compact structure, convenient abdication, high space utilization rate and more compact layout.

In some embodiments, the opening and closing mechanism 100 may further include a positioning device (not shown in the drawings), when the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 rotate until the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are in the fully opened state, the positioning device may be configured to position at least one of the first swing arm 31, the second swing arm 32, the first hood 11, and the second hood 12, and limit the rotation of the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32, so that the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are limited in the mutually unfolded position, so as to facilitate other operations on the coupler, which may improve the completeness.

The opening and closing process of the opening and closing mechanism 100 according to one embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below.

When the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 need to be opened, a motor or an operating handle is started to rotate the rotating shaft 43, the rotating shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with the first part 41 or the second part 42 to convert the rotation into movement, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are relatively stretched to drive the first swing arm 31 or the second swing arm 32 to rotate, meanwhile, the first gear 51 is in meshed transmission with the second gear 52 to enable the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 to synchronously and reversely rotate, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are synchronously and gradually unfolded, in the process, the third swing arm 33 and the fourth swing arm 43 can be synchronously driven, meanwhile, the first roller 311 and the second roller 321 move in the first chute 21 and the second chute 22 respectively, when the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 rotate to the maximum displacement point, the driving piece 44 is controlled to stop driving, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are positioned by the positioning device, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are fixed in the open state.

When the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 need to be closed, the positioning of the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 by the positioning device is released, the motor or the operating handle is started, the rotating shaft 43 is rotated, the rotating shaft 43 is in threaded transmission with the first part 41 or the second part 42, the rotation is converted into movement, the first part 41 and the second part 42 are relatively extended and contracted to drive the first swing arm 31 or the second swing arm 32 to rotate, meanwhile, the first gear 51 and the second gear 52 are in meshed transmission, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 are synchronously and reversely rotated, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are gradually closed, in the process, the third swing arm 33 and the fourth swing arm are synchronously driven, meanwhile, the first roller 311 and the second roller 321 move in the first chute 21 and the second chute 22 respectively, and when the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 rotate to a minimum displacement point, the driving part 44 is controlled to stop driving, the first swing arm 31 and the second swing arm 32 stop rotating, and the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 are completely closed and switched to the closed state.

In summary, according to the opening and closing mechanism 100 for the rail vehicle of the embodiment of the present invention, the first hood 11 and the second hood 12 can be conveniently switched between the closed state in which they are folded and the open state in which they are unfolded, and the opening and closing mechanism has the advantages of simple and compact structure, low difficulty in processing, assembling and adjusting, reasonable space layout, large opening and closing moment, light weight, good stability, and convenient operation.

The railway vehicle according to the embodiment of the present invention includes the front end opening and closing mechanism 100 for the railway vehicle according to the above-described embodiment of the present invention.

According to the railway vehicle provided by the embodiment of the invention, the opening and closing mechanism 100 is arranged, so that the first head cover 11 and the second head cover 12 can be conveniently switched between the mutually folded and unfolded states, the structure can be simplified, the space layout can be optimized, the stability can be improved, and the operation is convenient.

Other configurations and operations for a rail vehicle are understood and readily available to those of ordinary skill in the art and will not be described in detail herein.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser level than the second feature.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle, the opening and closing mechanism comprising a first head hood and a second head hood, the first head hood and the second head hood being switchable between a closed state in which they are closed to each other and an open state in which they are open to each other, characterized in that the opening and closing mechanism further comprises:

a support;

the two swing arm groups are arranged at intervals from top to bottom, each swing arm group comprises a first swing arm and a second swing arm, the first swing arms are connected with the first head cover and rotatably connected with the support, the second swing arms are connected with the second head cover and rotatably connected with the support, the two first swing arms rotate along a rotation axis, and the two second swing arms rotate along a rotation axis;

a driving medium, the driving medium links to each other with first swing arm and second swing arm in at least one swing arm group respectively and is used for making first swing arm and second swing arm synchronous and antiport, the driving medium includes: the first gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a first swing arm in a swing arm group; the second gear is coaxially and fixedly connected with a second swing arm in the swing arm group, and the first gear is externally meshed with the second gear;

the driving assembly comprises a first portion and a second portion which are telescopic mutually, the first portion of the driving assembly is connected with the support, and the second portion of the driving assembly is connected with one of the first swing arm and the second swing arm in one swing arm group located below.

2. The front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly is a hydraulic driving assembly, a pneumatic driving assembly or a motor driving assembly.

3. The front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the driving assembly further comprises:

a rotating shaft in threaded transmission with one of the first and second portions and rotatably connected with the other of the first and second portions and fixed in relative position;

the driving piece is connected with the rotating shaft to drive the rotating shaft to rotate.

4. The front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the driving member is a motor.

5. The front end opening and closing mechanism for the rail vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein the driving member is a handle, and the handle is connected to the rotating shaft via a universal joint and/or a flexible shaft.

6. The front end opening/closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to claim 3, wherein the rotary shaft extends in a front-rear direction, and the driving member is provided on a rear side of the rotary shaft.

7. The front end opening/closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a second part of the drive assembly is connected to the first swing arm, the second part being located between a rotation axis of the first swing arm and the first hood, or wherein the second part is located between a rotation axis of the second swing arm and the second hood, the first part of the drive assembly being located on a rear side of the second part.

8. The front end opening/closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first gear and the second gear are each a sector gear.

9. The front end opening/closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a portion of the first swing arm from the rotation axis thereof to the first hood in each swing arm group intersects a portion of the second swing arm from the rotation axis thereof to the second hood.

10. The front end opening and closing mechanism for a railway vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein:

the first sliding groove is in a circular arc shape taking the rotation axis of the first swing arm as a center;

a second sliding groove which is in a circular arc shape with the rotation axis of the second swing arm as the center,

at least one first swing arm is provided with a first rolling shaft, at least one second swing arm is provided with a second rolling shaft, the first rolling shaft extends into the first sliding groove and moves along the first sliding groove, and the second rolling shaft extends into the second sliding groove and slides along the second sliding groove.

11. A rail vehicle, characterized by comprising a front end opening and closing mechanism for a rail vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 10.