CN109962484A - The spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and frequency departure - Google Patents
The spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and frequency departure Download PDFInfo
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- CN109962484A CN109962484A CN201910277854.7A CN201910277854A CN109962484A CN 109962484 A CN109962484 A CN 109962484A CN 201910277854 A CN201910277854 A CN 201910277854A CN 109962484 A CN109962484 A CN 109962484A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/24—Arrangements for preventing or reducing oscillations of power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/20—Simulating, e g planning, reliability check, modelling or computer assisted design [CAD]
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of meter and the spare optimization methods of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of frequency departure, belong to operation of power networks and control technology field.The present invention is solves the problems, such as frequency stabilization that Asynchronous Interconnection sending end power grid is faced, directly using system frequency deviation value minimum as the objective function of Optimized model, it is proposed that best alternate configuration is according to the proportional arrangement of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone, to realize system frequency deviation minimum.Institute's climbing form type is solved by sequential quadratic programming algorithm.The present invention is according to the proportional arrangement standby configuration of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone, it can be in the case where total spinning reserve change generating set booting number of units centainly, avoid certain generating sets spare insufficient and the case where the spare waste of other generating sets, the economy and reliability for improving Asynchronous Interconnection system, provide technical support for Asynchronous Interconnection sending frequency control strategy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to operations of power networks and control technology field, and in particular to it is a kind of meter and frequency departure Asynchronous Interconnection
The spare optimization method of sending primary frequency modulation.
Background technique
Asynchronous interacted system only relies on DC power transmission line and connects and composes, and is a kind of important shape of interregional Power System Interconnection
Formula is avoided that direct current is latched lower trend through the extensive branch problem in alternating current circuit, reduces generator rotor angle unstability risk between power grid, improve
The stability of system.
Primary frequency modulation is to maintain one of the important means of system frequency stabilization, and principle is uneven in system emergent power
Weighing apparatus, when frequency fluctuation exceeds a certain range, it is to discharge reserved spare capacity that generating set, which automatically adjusts power output, to adjust
Section system frequency makes it tend towards stability.There is influence to the effect of primary frequency modulation in reasonable standby configuration scheme.
Due to Asynchronous Interconnection system send receiving-end system only by DC line connect, spare mutual support ability by
Limitation, causes frequency stabilization outstanding problem, especially sending there are the small net phenomenon of big machine, grid structure is relatively weak, right
Frequency issues are more sensitive, and sending in the power demand for meeting one's respective area while needing to convey to receiving-end system a large amount of
Energy, frequency stabilization problem are related to whole system, this proposes the reasonable arrangement of system primary frequency modulation spare capacity higher
Requirement.Therefore the problem of how overcome the deficiencies in the prior art is current operation of power networks and control technology field urgent need to resolve.
Summary of the invention
For overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide it is a kind of meter and frequency departure it is asynchronous
The spare optimization method of net sending primary frequency modulation, this method do not change generating set booting platform centainly in total spinning reserve
In the case where number, according to the proportional arrangement primary frequency modulation spare capacity of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone, it is conducive to system and transports
Row, analysis personnel's reasonable arrangement primary frequency modulation are spare, and the safe and stable operation for improving electric system is horizontal.
To achieve the above object, The technical solution adopted by the invention is as follows:
The spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and frequency departure, it is certain in total spinning reserve
In the case where not changing generating set booting number of units, adjusted according to the proportional arrangement of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone is primary
Frequency spare capacity, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary data, including the installed capacity of sending generating set and chirp parameter, load capacity and tune are given
Save effect coefficient, DC line parameter, the operating dead zone FLC parameter；
(2) generating set power output bound, transmission line of electricity power bound are given, the building of model is optimized, optimizes
Model includes with the minimum target of system frequency deviation and including multiple constraints；
(3) it is solved using sequential quadratic programming algorithm, obtains final primary frequency modulation spare capacity configuration.
It is further preferred that the target in the Optimized model specifically:
In formula (1), RiFor generating set i primary frequency modulation spare capacity；kGiFor the static mediating effect+6 system of generating set i
Number；aiFor the Regulation dead-band of generating set i；I=1,2 ..., n；N is generating set quantity in system.
It is further preferred that in the Optimized model it is multiple constraint include system active power balance constraint,
The spare inequality constraints condition of generating set units limits condition, primary frequency modulation and Network Security Constraints condition 4 constraints；Its
In:
1) system active power balance constraint:
In formula (2), PiIndicate the actual power generation of generating set i；Pw、PLIt indicates the generation of electricity by new energy power of the assembling unit and is
System load；
2) generating set units limits:
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max (3)
In formula (3), Pi minIndicate that generating set minimum load constrains, and Pi maxIt is expressed as the maximum output of generating set about
Beam；
3) the spare inequality constraints of primary frequency modulation:
0≤Ri≤Pi max-Pi (4)
Ri≤ 6%PiN (5)
Formula (4) and formula (5) belong to the primary frequency modulation maximum spare capacity to be met constraint, and formula (6) belongs to primary frequency modulation amount
Meet minimum Reserve Constraint；In formula (5), PiNFor the rated power of generating set i；In formula (6), RminFor minimum spare appearance
Amount, can pass through Rmin=Δ P- Δ fsta·kLDIt is calculated, kLDFor adjustment effect of load coefficient, Δ P is sending power
Shock wave amount, according to Δ P=max (Δ PFormer most serious failure,ΔPNew energy) acquire, Δ PFormer most serious failureFor sending most serious N-1 event
Power disturbance variable quantity in the case of barrier, N indicate the component population under normal operating mode in electric system, Δ PNew energyIt is new
Energy maximum output becomes the power disturbance variable quantity in the case of the half of rated power；ΔfstaSubject to steady frequency deviation
Value, according to Δ fsta=fsta-f0It acquires, fstaExpression system quasi-steady state frequency, f0Indicate system nominal frequency；
4) Network Security Constraints:
In formula (6), Pli、Respectively transmission line of electricity active power and its permitted maximum transmitted active power.
It is further preferred that the Sequential Quadratic Programming method solution procedure includes:
1) target and constraint function are calculated, judges whether to meet constraint condition；
2) terminate if meeting constraint condition；Otherwise the drawing of Caro need-Ku En-Plutarch (KKT) condition is met by construction
Ge Lang auxiliary function is converted into solution quadratic programming problem:
In formula (9), direction of search d=x-xk, HkIt is f (x) in xkHesse matrix at point, i.e.,Hk
It is initialized as unit matrix, gj(xk) and hs(xk) respectively represent j-th of equation and s-th of inequality in constructed archetype
Constraint condition, j=1,2 ... ..., E, s=1,2 ... ..., F, E are equality constraint number, and F is inequality constraints number；
3) above-mentioned quadratic programming problem is solved, obtains direction of search d, and update xk=x+d；
4) x is examinedkWhether meet constraint condition, terminates if meeting；Otherwise HkIt is updated according to the following formula:
In formula,αkAnd βkIn respectively constructed archetype
Equation and inequality constraints condition corresponding to Lagrange multiplier；
5) step 1) is gone to recalculate, until the solution for meeting constraint condition is obtained, as required final primary frequency modulation
Spare capacity configuration.
N indicates the component population under normal operating mode in electric system, including route, generator, transformation in the present invention
Device etc..
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that:
The frequency stabilization problem of sending is the principal risk that asynchronous interacted system is faced.It is existing to sending
The research of the spare optimization of primary frequency modulation is mostly optimized so that economy or reliability are optimal for objective function, and frequency departure is made
For constraint condition.In view of frequency departure has grid structure relatively weak sending safety and stability and economical operation
Important meaning, the present invention do not changing the total spinning reserve of sending directly using frequency departure minimum as optimization aim
Under conditions of, by avoiding certain hairs according to the proportional arrangement primary frequency modulation spare capacity of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone
Electric unit reserve is insufficient and the case where the spare waste of other generating sets, can be improved Asynchronous Interconnection system economy and can
By property.
Detailed description of the invention
The following further describes the present invention with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the general flow chart of the method for the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that Asynchronous Interconnection sending optimizes front and back frequency departure figure.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
It will be understood to those of skill in the art that the following example is merely to illustrate the present invention, and it should not be regarded as limiting this hair
Bright range.In the examples where no specific technique or condition is specified, described technology or conditions according to the literature in the art
Or it is carried out according to product description.Production firm person is not specified in material therefor, equipment etc., is that can be obtained by purchase
Conventional products.
The spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and frequency departure, it is certain in total spinning reserve
In the case where not changing generating set booting number of units, adjusted according to the proportional arrangement of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone is primary
Frequency spare capacity, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary data, including the installed capacity of sending generating set and chirp parameter, load capacity and tune are given
Save effect coefficient, DC line parameter, the operating dead zone FLC parameter；
(2) generating set power output bound, transmission line of electricity power bound are given, the building of model is optimized, optimizes
Model includes with the minimum target of system frequency deviation and including multiple constraints；
(3) it is solved using sequential quadratic programming algorithm, obtains final primary frequency modulation spare capacity configuration.
Target in the Optimized model specifically:
In formula (1), RiFor generating set i primary frequency modulation spare capacity；kGiFor the static mediating effect+6 system of generating set i
Number；aiFor the Regulation dead-band of generating set i；I=1,2 ..., n；N is generating set quantity in system.
Multiple constraints include system active power balance constraint, generating set units limits in the Optimized model
The spare inequality constraints condition of condition, primary frequency modulation and Network Security Constraints condition 4 constraints；Wherein:
1) system active power balance constraint:
In formula (2), PiIndicate the actual power generation of generating set i；Pw、PLIt indicates the generation of electricity by new energy power of the assembling unit and is
System load；
2) generating set units limits:
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max (13)
In formula (3), Pi minIndicate that generating set minimum load constrains, and Pi maxIt is expressed as the maximum output of generating set about
Beam；
3) the spare inequality constraints of primary frequency modulation:
0≤Ri≤Pi max-Pi (14)
Ri≤ 6%PiN (15)
Formula (4) and formula (5) belong to the primary frequency modulation maximum spare capacity to be met constraint, and formula (6) belongs to primary frequency modulation amount
Meet minimum Reserve Constraint；In formula (5), PiNFor the rated power of generating set i；In formula (6), RminFor minimum spare appearance
Amount, can pass through Rmin=Δ P- Δ fsta·kLDIt is calculated, kLDFor adjustment effect of load coefficient, Δ P is sending power
Shock wave amount, according to Δ P=max (Δ PFormer most serious failure,ΔPNew energy) acquire, Δ PFormer most serious failureFor sending most serious N-1 event
Power disturbance variable quantity in the case of barrier, Δ PNew energyBecome the function in the case of the half of rated power for new energy maximum output
Rate shock wave amount；ΔfstaSubject to steady frequency deviation, according to Δ fsta=fsta-f0It acquires, fstaExpression system quasi-steady state
Frequency, f0Indicate system nominal frequency；
4) Network Security Constraints:
In formula (6), Pli、Respectively transmission line of electricity active power and its permitted maximum transmitted active power.
The Sequential Quadratic Programming method solution procedure includes:
1) target and constraint function are calculated, judges whether to meet constraint condition；
2) terminate if meeting constraint condition；Otherwise the drawing of Caro need-Ku En-Plutarch (KKT) condition is met by construction
Ge Lang auxiliary function is converted into solution quadratic programming problem:
In formula (19), direction of search d=x-xk, HkIt is f (x) in xkHesse matrix at point, i.e.,
HkIt is initialized as unit matrix, gj(xk) and hs(xk) respectively represent j-th of equation in constructed archetype and differ for s-th
Formula constraint condition, j=1,2 ... ..., E, s=1,2 ... ..., F, E are equality constraint number, and F is inequality constraints number；
3) above-mentioned quadratic programming problem is solved, obtains direction of search d, and update xk=x+d；
4) x is examinedkWhether meet constraint condition, terminates if meeting；Otherwise HkIt is updated according to the following formula:
In formula,αkAnd βkIn respectively constructed archetype
Equation and inequality constraints condition corresponding to Lagrange multiplier；
5) step 1) is gone to recalculate, until the solution for meeting constraint condition is obtained, as required final primary frequency modulation
Spare capacity configuration.
Application example
As shown in Figure 1, the Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of a kind of meter proposed by the present invention and mains frequency deviation
Spare optimization method, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary data, including the installed capacity of sending generating set and chirp parameter, load capacity and tune are given
Save effect coefficient, DC line parameter, FLC (Frequency limit controller) operating dead zone；
(2) generating set power output bound, transmission line of electricity power bound are given, the building of model is optimized, optimizes
Model includes with the minimum target of system frequency deviation and including multiple constraints；
(3) it is solved using sequential quadratic programming algorithm, obtains final primary frequency modulation spare capacity configuration.
The present embodiment saves electrical reticulation design according to certain, and hydropower installed capacity 61631MW accounts for about total installed capacity amount
The load model of the 73.7% of (83639MW), load 18200MW, induction conductivity and constant-impedance respectively accounts for half, load tune
Saving effect coefficient per unit value is 1.2, and put into operation DC rectifier side converter station FLC control function, and operating dead zone is ± 0.1Hz, power
Lowering clipping is rated power 50%, and up-regulation clipping is 20%.Asynchronous Interconnection DC line parameter is shown in Table 1, generating set tune
Frequency parameter is shown in Table 2.
1 Asynchronous Interconnection DC line parameter of table
| Title | Voltage (kV) | Transmission power (MW) |
| Direct current (1 double back) | ±800 | 6400 |
| Direct current 2 | ±800 | 5000 |
| Direct current 3 | ±500 | 5000 |
| Direct current 4 | ±500 | 3200 |
| Back-to-back DC 5 | ±500 | 2000 |
| Direct current 6 | ±500 | 3000 |
Certain the province's electrical network parameter of table 2 and alternative scheme comparison
The optimization method is realized by following steps:
(1) pertaining initial data is obtained according to embodiment；
(2) Optimized model is constructed according to pertaining initial data；
(3) it is solved according to Optimized model using Sequential Quadratic Programming method；
The most preferably total spare capacity of primary frequency modulation is 988MW, on-line operation generating set optimization front and back after obtaining Asynchronous Interconnection
Stand by margin be shown in Table 2.
Fig. 2 compared the spare optimum results of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and mains frequency deviation, can be with
Find out:
1, when sending breaks down, transient frequency maximum deviation slightly increases, but increases percentage and be only
0.55%, it influences smaller；
2, when sending breaks down, quasi-steady state frequency departure is greatly reduced, and reduces 8.57%, is improved and is
The spare utilization rate of the stabilization of system, generating set improves, and direct current transmission power is more quickly restored to rated value, reduction pair
The impact of receiving end power grid.
From Fig. 2 and table 2, it can be concluded that, only part spare capacity can be participated in the spinning reserve that generating set is reserved
Primary frequency modulation, therefore reduce the generating set of the spare surplus of former primary frequency modulation, increase former standby without primary frequency modulation standby generator sets
With increase participates in the generating set of primary frequency modulation, realizes generating set capacity distribution scale as far as possible, can effectively reduce
System quasi-steady state frequency departure, to illustrate the hair that the spare prioritization scheme that the present invention uses passes through adjustment stable situation in advance
Motor group operating point, it is spare that there are primary frequency modulations guaranteeing the generating set of all on-line operations, thus make it in system therefore
In the case of barrier, all online generating sets can participate in primary frequency modulation, and spare utilization rate is high, to make the frequency of system
It fluctuates small.
The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
Personnel are it should be appreciated that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and description only describe this
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes and improvements may be made to the invention, these
Changes and improvements all fall within the protetion scope of the claimed invention.The claimed scope of the invention is by appended claims
And its equivalent thereof.
Claims (4)
1. the spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter and frequency departure, it is characterised in that: rotated always
Spare is centainly in the case where not changing generating set booting number of units, according to the proportional arrangement of generating set difference coefficient and dead zone
Primary frequency modulation spare capacity, comprising the following steps:
(1) primary data, including the installed capacity of sending generating set and chirp parameter, load capacity and mediating effect+6 are given
Coefficient, DC line parameter, the operating dead zone FLC parameter；
(2) generating set power output bound, transmission line of electricity power bound are given, the building of model, Optimized model are optimized
Including with the minimum target of system frequency deviation and including multiple constraints；
(3) it is solved using sequential quadratic programming algorithm, obtains final primary frequency modulation spare capacity configuration.
2. the spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter as described in claim 1 and frequency departure,
It is characterized in that: the target in the Optimized model specifically:
In formula (1), RiFor generating set i primary frequency modulation spare capacity；kGiFor the static mediating effect+6 coefficient of generating set i；aiFor
The Regulation dead-band of generating set i；I=1,2 ..., n；N is generating set quantity in system.
3. the spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and frequency departure,
It is characterized by: multiple constraints are contributed about including system active power balance constraint, generating set in the Optimized model
The spare inequality constraints condition of beam condition, primary frequency modulation and Network Security Constraints condition 4 constraints；Wherein:
1) system active power balance constraint:
In formula (2), PiIndicate the actual power generation of generating set i；Pw、PLIndicate the generation of electricity by new energy power of the assembling unit and system loading
Amount；
2) generating set units limits:
Pi min≤Pi≤Pi max (3)
In formula (3), Pi minIndicate that generating set minimum load constrains, and Pi maxIt is expressed as the maximum output constraint of generating set；
3) the spare inequality constraints of primary frequency modulation:
0≤Ri≤Pi max-Pi (4)
Ri≤ 6%PiN (5)
Formula (4) and formula (5) belong to the primary frequency modulation maximum spare capacity to be met constraint, and formula (6) belongs to primary frequency modulation amount and to expire
Foot minimum Reserve Constraint；In formula (5), PiNFor the rated power of generating set i；In formula (6), RminFor minimum spare capacity, can lead to
Cross Rmin=Δ P- Δ fsta·kLDIt is calculated, kLDFor adjustment effect of load coefficient, Δ P is the variation of sending power disturbance
Amount, according to Δ P=max (Δ PFormer most serious failure,ΔPNew energy) acquire, Δ PFormer most serious failureFor under sending most serious N-1 fault condition
Power disturbance variable quantity, Δ PNew energyBecome the power disturbance variation in the case of the half of rated power for new energy maximum output
Amount；ΔfstaSubject to steady frequency deviation, according to Δ fsta=fsta-f0It acquires, fstaExpression system quasi-steady state frequency, f0It indicates
System nominal frequency；
4) Network Security Constraints:
In formula (6), Pli、Respectively transmission line of electricity active power and its permitted maximum transmitted active power.
4. the spare optimization method of Asynchronous Interconnection sending primary frequency modulation of meter as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and frequency departure,
It is characterized by: the Sequential Quadratic Programming method solution procedure includes:
1) target and constraint function are calculated, judges whether to meet constraint condition；
2) terminate if meeting constraint condition；Otherwise it is bright Caro need-Ku En-Plutarch (KKT) condition glug to be met by construction
Day auxiliary function is converted into solution quadratic programming problem:
In formula (9), direction of search d=x-xk, HkIt is f (x) in xkHesse matrix at point, i.e.,HkInitialization
For unit matrix, gj(xk) and hs(xk) respectively represent j-th of equation and s-th of inequality constraints item in constructed archetype
Part, j=1,2 ... ..., E, s=1,2 ... ..., F, E are equality constraint number, and F is inequality constraints number；
3) above-mentioned quadratic programming problem is solved, obtains direction of search d, and update xk=x+d；
4) x is examinedkWhether meet constraint condition, terminates if meeting；Otherwise HkIt is updated according to the following formula:
In formula,αkAnd βkEquation in respectively constructed archetype
With Lagrange multiplier corresponding to inequality constraints condition；
5) it goes to step 1) to recalculate, until obtaining the solution for meeting constraint condition, as required final primary frequency modulation is spare
Capacity configuration.
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