CN109961855B - Nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling - Google Patents
Nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN109961855B CN109961855B CN201711418896.5A CN201711418896A CN109961855B CN 109961855 B CN109961855 B CN 109961855B CN 201711418896 A CN201711418896 A CN 201711418896A CN 109961855 B CN109961855 B CN 109961855B
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- cooling
- wall
- air inlet
- cooling channel
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/11—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/25—Maintenance, e.g. repair or remote inspection
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
Abstract
The invention discloses a cooling channel in a first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear fusion devices. The first wall interior cooling passage includes a wall body and a partition; the interior of the wall body contains a square cavity; the square cavity penetrates through two surfaces of the wall body; a partition plate is arranged in the square cavity along the extending direction of the square cavity and is vertically connected with two parallel inner walls of the wall body, and the partition plate divides the cavity in the wall body into an air inlet channel and a cooling channel; one end port of the air inlet channel is an air inlet, and the other end port of the air inlet channel is closed; one end of the cooling channel close to the air inlet of the air inlet channel is closed, and the other end of the cooling channel is an air outlet; two end faces of the partition board connected with the inner wall of the wall body are respectively provided with a row of tooth-shaped grooves. The invention provides a cooling channel structure for realizing high-efficiency cooling of the first wall based on the idea of enhancing mixing and convective heat transfer by rotational flow, and the cooling channel structure has higher cooling efficiency and performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a cooling channel in a first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling, and belongs to the technical field of nuclear fusion devices.
Background
The first wall of the U-shaped structure is an important safety component of the nuclear fusion cladding layer directly facing the core plasma, and in the operation stage, the first wall can be acted by the radiant heat flow of the core plasma, the nuclear heat load generated by fusion neutrons on the structural material, huge mechanical stress and electromagnetic load generated by plasma fracture and the like. Therefore, in order to control the temperature and stress of the first wall within the allowed limits, the first wall is designed with special cooling channels inside. The design of the cooling channel inside the first wall is the key of the design of the first wall, and whether a large amount of heat load borne by the first wall can be timely and effectively taken away can directly influence the operation stability of the cladding and even the whole nuclear fusion reactor. The heat deposited on the first wall is output through two modes of convective heat transfer and heat conduction, wherein the convective heat transfer is carried out through a coolant flowing in a large number of built-in cooling channels with small structures and structural materials, which is the main mode of heat removal of the first wall in the normal operation working condition, so that the cooling channel structure and the arrangement mode thereof need to be reasonably designed to reduce the nonuniformity of temperature distribution and take away the heat in time. The existing first wall is usually enclosed into a U shape, the cooling channel of the existing first wall is only a channel with a cavity inside, and the cooling efficiency of the cooling channel inside the existing first wall is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the cooling efficiency of the cooling channel in the first wall of the existing nuclear fusion is limited, the invention provides a cooling channel in the first wall of the nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling, the cooling channel in the first wall of the nuclear fusion can realize high-efficiency cooling, and the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling, which comprises a wall body 1 and a partition plate 2; wherein: the wall body 1 contains a square cavity inside; the square cavity penetrates through two surfaces of the wall body 1; a partition plate 2 is arranged in the square cavity along the extending direction of the square cavity, the partition plate 2 is vertically connected with two parallel inner walls of the wall body 1, and the square cavity in the wall body 1 is divided into an air inlet channel 3 and a cooling channel 4 by the partition plate 2; one end port of the air inlet channel 3 is an air inlet 31, and the other end port is closed; one end of the cooling channel 4 close to the air inlet of the air inlet channel 3 is closed, and the other end is an air outlet 41; two end faces of the partition board 2 connected with the inner wall of the wall body 1 are respectively provided with a row of tooth-shaped grooves 21.
Further, each groove in the row of tooth-shaped grooves 21 has the same size, and the distance between two adjacent grooves is the same.
Further, the depth of each of the tooth grooves 21 is 1mm to 2 mm.
Further, high-pressure helium gas is introduced into the air inlet channel 3.
In the invention, two end surfaces of the partition board 2, which are contacted with the inner wall of the wall body 1, are respectively provided with a row of tooth-shaped grooves 21, and a plurality of narrow gaps are formed between the row of tooth-shaped grooves 21 and the inner wall of the wall body 1, so that gas in the gas inlet channel 3 flows to the cooling channel 4.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the partition 2 of the present invention extends along the long axis of the wall 1 (i.e., along the course of a square cavity), and the partition 2 divides the interior cavity of the wall 1 into an inlet passage 3 and a cooling passage 4.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a design idea for realizing the efficient cooling of the first wall based on the idea of enhancing mixing and convective heat transfer through rotational flow, and compared with the existing cooling channel in the first wall, the invention has higher cooling efficiency and performance. According to the invention, the partition plate with the row of the tooth-shaped grooves is arranged in the cooling channel in the original first wall, and one end of the air inlet channel and one end of the cooling channel are sealed, so that after air enters from the air inlet of the air inlet channel, the air enters the cooling channel through the grooves in the upper row and the grooves in the lower row of the partition plate respectively, the cooling air forms rotary flow along the wall surface in the cooling channel, further convective heat exchange is carried out, and the cooling air cools the high-temperature part on the periphery of the first wall and then is discharged from the outlet of the cooling channel. The process enables the heat convection effect of the cooling hydrogen to be enhanced, and efficient and quick cooling is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a cooling channel in a first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a cooling channel in a first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective structure schematic diagram of a cooling channel inside a first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a partition plate in a cooling channel in the first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a cooling channel in the first wall of nuclear fusion based on rotational flow cooling;
in the figure: 1, a wall body; 2, a partition board; 21, a tooth-shaped groove; 3, an air inlet channel; 31, an air inlet; 4, cooling the channel; and 41, an air outlet.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Implementation mode one
The present embodiment is explained with reference to fig. 1 to 5, and provides a fusion first wall internal cooling passage based on cyclone cooling, which includes a wall body 1 and a partition 2; wherein: the wall body 1 contains a square cavity inside; the square cavity penetrates through two surfaces of the wall body 1; a partition plate 2 is arranged in the square cavity along the extending direction of the square cavity, the partition plate 2 is vertically connected with two parallel inner walls of the wall body 1, and the square cavity in the wall body 1 is divided into an air inlet channel 3 and a cooling channel 4 by the partition plate 2; one end port of the air inlet channel 3 is an air inlet 31, and the other end port is closed; one end of the cooling channel 4 close to the air inlet of the air inlet channel 3 is closed, and the other end is an air outlet 41; two end faces of the partition board 2 connected with the inner wall of the wall body 1 are respectively provided with a row of tooth-shaped grooves 21.
In this embodiment, the cooling gas may be high-pressure helium gas, that is, high-pressure helium gas is introduced into the gas inlet channel 3.
As shown in fig. 3-5, in the present embodiment, a row of tooth-shaped grooves 21 (fig. 4) are respectively formed on two end surfaces of the partition board 2 contacting with the inner wall of the wall body 1, and a plurality of narrow slits (fig. 3 and 5) are formed between the row of tooth-shaped grooves 21 and the inner wall of the wall body 1, so that the gas in the air inlet channel 3 flows to the cooling channel 4.
In the present embodiment, the partition plate 2 extends in the longitudinal direction of the wall body 1, and the partition plate 2 divides the internal cavity of the wall body 1 into an intake passage 3 and a cooling passage 4.
In the present embodiment, the air intake passage 3 and the cooling passage 4 are separated by the partition plate 2, and narrow slits (tooth-shaped grooves 21) are formed at regular intervals in the upper and lower sides of the partition plate 2, as shown in fig. 4.
In the present embodiment, the end of the inlet channel 3 is closed (as shown in fig. 1), and the inlet end of the cooling channel 4 is closed (as shown in fig. 2), so that helium gas can only enter the cooling channel from the inlet channel through the narrow slit (formed between the inner walls of the toothed groove 21 and the wall body 1) and is discharged from the outlet of the cooling channel after cooling the high temperature part of the periphery of the first wall (as shown in fig. 5, the arrow indicates the flow direction of the cooling helium gas).
The first wall interior cooling channel of this embodiment has one side of the inlet channel facing the interior of the cladding during use, as shown in figures 1, 2 and 5; one side of the cooling channel faces the high temperature portion of the periphery of the first wall (the side facing the core), as shown in fig. 5.
This embodiment has provided the design idea of realizing the high-efficient cooling of first wall based on the thought that the rotatory flow strengthens mixing and convective heat transfer, compares in current first wall inside cooling channel, and this embodiment has higher cooling efficiency and performance. Through set up the baffle that has a row of profile of tooth recess in original first wall inside cooling channel in this embodiment to seal inlet channel's one end and cooling channel's one end, make gaseous air inlet from inlet channel get into the back, respectively through the recess of the last row of baffle and the recess of row of going down get into cooling channel, make cooling gas form the rotatory flow along the wall in cooling channel, and then carry out heat convection, cooling gas is discharged by cooling channel's export after cooling first wall peripheral high temperature portion. The process enables the heat convection effect of the cooling hydrogen to be enhanced, and efficient and quick cooling is achieved.
The internal cooling channel is used for the first wall, a plurality of layers of internal cooling channels with the structure of the invention are arranged in the first wall, and the plurality of layers of internal cooling channels are fully distributed on the first wall.
Second embodiment
In the first embodiment, the rows of toothed grooves 21 are further defined, in the first embodiment, each groove in a row of toothed grooves 21 has the same size, and the distance between two adjacent grooves is the same.
The row of tooth-shaped grooves 21 defined in the present embodiment can effectively reduce the nonuniformity of the temperature distribution of the first wall, and can make the temperature distribution of the first wall more uniform.
Third embodiment
The present embodiment further defines the tooth-shaped grooves 21 in the first or second embodiment, and the depth of each of the tooth-shaped grooves 21 in the present embodiment is 1mm to 2 mm.
The depth of each groove in the embodiment is 1mm to 2mm, and a good cooling effect can be obtained.
Although the present invention has been described with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling, characterized in that the nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel comprises a wall body (1) and a partition (2); wherein: the interior of the wall body (1) contains a square cavity; the square cavity penetrates through two surfaces of the wall body (1); a partition plate (2) is arranged in the square cavity along the extending direction of the square cavity, the partition plate (2) is vertically connected with two parallel inner walls of the wall body (1), and the square cavity in the wall body (1) is divided into an air inlet channel (3) and a cooling channel (4) by the partition plate (2); one end port of the air inlet channel (3) is an air inlet (31), and the other end port is closed; one end of the cooling channel (4) close to the air inlet of the air inlet channel (3) is closed, and the other end of the cooling channel is an air outlet (41); two end faces of the partition board (2) connected with the inner wall of the wall body (1) are respectively provided with a row of tooth-shaped grooves (21), the size of each groove in the row of tooth-shaped grooves (21) is the same, the distance between every two adjacent grooves is the same, and the tooth-shaped grooves (21) are symmetrically arranged along the central line of the partition board (2).
2. A nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on cyclone cooling as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the depth of each of the tooth-shaped grooves (21) is 1mm to 2 mm.
3. The nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling as claimed in claim 1, wherein high-pressure helium gas is introduced into the air inlet channel (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201711418896.5A CN109961855B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling |
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| CN201711418896.5A CN109961855B (en) | 2017-12-25 | 2017-12-25 | Nuclear fusion first wall internal cooling channel based on rotational flow cooling |
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| CN109961855A CN109961855A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
| CN109961855B true CN109961855B (en) | 2020-11-13 |
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| WO2017037456A1 (en) * | 2015-09-04 | 2017-03-09 | Tokamak Energy Ltd | Cryogenics for hts magnets |
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2017
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| CN1580519A (en) * | 2003-08-08 | 2005-02-16 | 联合工艺公司 | Microcircuit cooling for a turbine blade |
| CN101940892A (en) * | 2009-07-04 | 2011-01-12 | 株式会社芦田制作所 | Heated-air circulation method and device of autoclave |
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| CN109961855A (en) | 2019-07-02 |
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