CN109960031B - Aerostat laser relay mirror system and simulation device and simulation method thereof - Google Patents
Aerostat laser relay mirror system and simulation device and simulation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
An aerostat laser relay lens system, a simulation device and a simulation method thereof. The simulation device is additionally provided with an atmosphere turbulence simulation device which can simulate an uplink atmosphere turbulence space and a downlink atmosphere turbulence space. The invention has the self-adaptive optical module, and can perform beam purification and correct atmospheric turbulence aberration under atmospheric turbulence with different intensities; and the beacon laser is placed at the target module to provide aberration information of the upstream and downstream atmospheric turbulence to the adaptive optics module. The simulation device is provided with an atmospheric turbulence and self-adaptive optical module, and can perform simulation of beam purification and correction of atmospheric turbulence aberration under the atmospheric turbulence with different intensities. Meanwhile, parameters of the simulation device can be determined by analyzing according to the physical laws of the self-adaptive optics and the atmospheric optics according to the parameters of the laser relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated, so that a corresponding simulation device is constructed to realize simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of simulation of an aerostat laser relay lens system, and particularly relates to an aerostat laser relay lens system, a simulation device and a simulation method thereof.
Background
The aerostat laser relay lens system receives the laser beam emitted by the ground light source through the relay lens arranged on the aerostat at a certain altitude, and the received laser beam is controlled by the relay lens module to be redirected, focused and emitted to the target module, so that the long-distance transmission of laser energy is completed, and the aerostat laser relay lens system has the advantage of avoiding obstacles at first. Since the adaptive optics module can correct aberration caused by atmospheric turbulence, the aerostat laser relay lens system provided with the adaptive optics module generally has the advantages of reducing the influence of the atmosphere on laser transmission and improving the transmission efficiency of laser.
The simulation of the existing aerostat laser relay lens system generally comprises two methods of pure mathematics, physical model simulation and full physical simulation. Pure mathematical and physical model simulation studies generally do not get results close to actual operation, or even sometimes differ greatly from actual system operation results, because some models are not accurate enough. And the experiment research is carried out by adopting the real object, so that the cost is high and the research and development period is long.
The American naval research institute sets up a laboratory triaxial satellite relay lens light beam control simulation experiment platform, and develops a study on the light beam control of a relay lens system flight platform [ David M.Meissner.A three degree of freedom test bed for nanosatellite and cubest attitudedynamics, determination and control [ D ]. Naval Postgraduate School, december 2009:1-76]. The simulation experiment platform comprises a light source module, a three-axis satellite simulator of a relay lens, a target module and a control processing module. However, the relay lens beam control simulation experiment platform has no modules such as atmospheric turbulence, adaptive optics and the like, and cannot perform simulation in aspects such as beam purification, control and the like; in addition, the parameters of the simulation device are not determined by analyzing according to the physical laws of the adaptive optics and the atmospheric optics according to the parameters of the real relay lens system.
Therefore, there is an urgent need for an aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device with an atmospheric turbulence and adaptive optical module and an analysis method of parameters of the simulation device to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the existing aerostat laser relay lens system and simulation technology, the invention aims to provide the aerostat laser relay lens system, a simulation device and a simulation method thereof.
In order to achieve the technical purpose of the invention, the following technical scheme is adopted:
an aerostat laser relay lens system comprises a laser, an adaptive optical module, a relay lens module and a target module; the laser and the self-adaptive optical module are placed on the ground, and the relay lens module is placed on the aerostat; the laser beam emitted by the laser device is transmitted to the relay mirror module on the aerostat through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space on the uplink transmission path after being purified and corrected by the self-adaptive optical module, and is transmitted to the target module through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space on the downlink transmission path after being focused and emitted by the relay mirror module. Defining that a laser beam is an uplink transmission path from the laser to the relay mirror module; the relay mirror module is a downlink transmission path to the target module.
The target module is provided with a beacon laser which is used for providing aberration information of uplink and downlink atmospheric turbulence for the self-adaptive optical module. Wherein the wavelength of the beacon light beam generated by the beacon laser is less than the wavelength of the laser beam generated by the laser. The self-adaptive optical module comprises a tilting mirror, a wavefront corrector, a 1# spectroscope, a laser wavefront sensor, a beacon light wavefront sensor and a wavefront controller. The beacon light emitted by the beacon laser on the target module is transmitted to the relay lens module through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space, and then transmitted to the No. 1 spectroscope in the self-adaptive optical module through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space after reaching the relay lens module, and the beacon light wavefront sensor receives the beacon light transmitted from the No. 1 spectroscope; the laser beam emitted by the laser is sequentially transmitted to the 1# spectroscope through the inclined mirror and the wavefront corrector in the adaptive optical module, wherein most of the laser beam is reflected by the 1# spectroscope and then transmitted to the relay mirror module through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space, and is transmitted to the target module through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space after passing through the relay mirror module. The small part of laser beam transmitted by the spectroscope is received by the laser wavefront sensor, the wavefront controller adds the wavefront data obtained by the laser wavefront sensor and the beacon light wavefront sensor to obtain total wavefront distortion, and a corresponding phase control signal is obtained according to a direct slope method (the direct slope method can refer to the patent of application number CN201210364084.8, and the name is a confocal scanning imaging system and an aberration control method thereof), and the phase control signal is applied to the wavefront corrector to generate distortion opposite to the total wavefront distortion obtained by calculation of the wavefront controller.
The relay mirror module comprises a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror. In the relay mirror module, the propagation path of the beacon light is common to the propagation path of the laser emission laser beam. The propagation light path of the laser beam transmitted to the relay mirror module by the adaptive optical module sequentially passes through a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror. The propagation light path sequence of the beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module by the beacon laser on the target module is as follows: the light beam sequentially passes through a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection plane mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror. Specifically, the laser beam transmitted to the relay lens module by the adaptive optical module is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid lens and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid lens for beam shrinking. After the laser beams after beam shrinking pass through the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely and are inclined at 45 degrees on the two sides in sequence, the laser beams are incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror and then output, and the output laser beams are transmitted to a target module through a downlink atmospheric turbulence space.
And the beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module by the beacon laser on the target module is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror for beam shrinking. The beacon light after beam shrinkage is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely in a 45-degree inclined way, then is incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and is output, and the output beacon light is transmitted to the self-adaptive optical module through an uplink atmospheric turbulence space.
The invention provides a simulation device of the aerostat laser relay mirror system, which comprises:
a simulation laser for generating a laser beam;
the self-adaptive optical module for simulation realizes the functions of purifying laser beams and correcting atmospheric turbulence aberration;
the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is used for generating atmospheric turbulence, simulating an uplink atmospheric turbulence space and a downlink atmospheric turbulence space;
the relay mirror module is used for simulation and simulates a relay mirror module on an aerostat to realize relay transmission of laser beams;
the target module for simulation consists of a light spot analyzer and a beacon laser, and can realize the measurement of laser power and the generation of beacon light transmitted to the target module in a relay mode. Wherein the wavelength of the beacon light is less than the wavelength of the laser beam generated by the laser.
The atmospheric turbulence simulation device comprises an uplink atmospheric turbulence generator and a downlink atmospheric turbulence generator. An upstream atmospheric turbulence generator for generating a simulated upstream atmospheric turbulence space on an upstream transmission path of the laser beam from the simulation adaptive optics module to the simulation relay mirror module; and a downstream atmospheric turbulence generator for generating a simulated downstream atmospheric turbulence space on a downstream transmission path of the laser beam from the simulation relay mirror module to the simulation target module. The upward and downward atmospheric turbulence generators have a large number of available product structures, such as the hot air type turbulence simulation device disclosed in patent No. CN102135467A, with publication No. 2011, no. 07, and 27. The device is used for realizing the uplink atmospheric turbulence generator and the downlink atmospheric turbulence generator, and generating the atmospheric turbulence which can measure and adjust the atmospheric turbulence intensity.
The structural principle of the self-adaptive optical module for simulation is the same as that of the self-adaptive optical module in the aerostat laser relay lens system.
A simulation method of an aerostat relay lens system simulation device comprises the following steps:
(1) Parameter information of a laser relay mirror system of the aerostat to be simulated is determined:
uplink transmission distance z of laser light from ground to relay mirror module on aerostat up The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Downstream transmission distance z of laser light from relay mirror module on aerostat to target module down The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The laser center wavelength lambda; laser beam quality beta; a laser emission diameter a; receiving diameter D of relay mirror module 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Emission diameter D of relay mirror module 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of wavefront corrector (deformable mirror) units N b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of sub-apertures N of wavefront sensor h The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Atmospheric turbulence coherence length on the upstream and downstream transmission paths.
(2) Determining simulation parameters of the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system corresponding to the parameters in the step (1);
and (2.1) the central wavelength of the laser, the beam quality of the laser and the number of wavefront corrector units and the number of sub apertures of the wavefront sensor in the adaptive optical module for simulation of the simulation laser relay lens system simulation device of the aerostat are the same as the corresponding parameters in the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated in the step (1).
(2.2) determining the emission diameter of the simulation laser and the emission diameter of the simulation relay lens module in the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated.
Setting the ratio of the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device to the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system to be simulated in the step (1), for example, 1/1000. The center wavelength of the simulation laser in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system is the same as the center wavelength of the laser in the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated. Since the fresnel number is the ratio of the square of the beam diameter to the product of the laser wavelength and the transmission distance, the intensity of the transmission distance affecting the light intensity is reflected. Therefore, the emission diameter of the simulation laser and the emission diameter of the simulation relay lens module in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system can be calculated, so that the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system are respectively the same as the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated.
And (2.3) according to a light beam transmission rule, the diameter of the light beam focused and transmitted to a receiving mirror of the relay mirror module is directly proportional to the uplink transmission distance and the light beam quality of the laser and inversely proportional to the emission diameter of the laser, and the receiving diameter of the relay mirror module for simulation in the simulation device of the laser relay mirror system of the aerostat is calculated to be 1/10 of the emission diameter of the light beam of the relay mirror module of the relay mirror system of the aerostat to be simulated in the step (1).
(2.4) the ratio of the beam diameter to the coherence length of the atmospheric turbulence on the transmission path reflects the intensity of the beam affected by the atmospheric turbulence. According to the main parameters of the simulation device given in the steps (2.2) and (2.3), the coherence length of the atmospheric turbulence on the uplink and downlink transmission paths of the simulation device is calculated, so that the ratio of the simulation device to the transmission path of the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated is the same.
(2.5) calculating the light spot radius of the focusing transmission of the relay mirror module to the target module according to the light beam transmission rule under the condition that the atmospheric turbulence is completely corrected by the adaptive optical module; in order to effectively analyze the characteristics of the light spot transmitted to the target module, the radius of the target surface of the detector of the spot analyzer in the simulation target module in the simulation device needs to be larger than 2 times of the radius of the light spot transmitted to the target module.
(3) And (3) constructing a corresponding aerostat relay lens system simulation device according to the simulation parameters determined in the step (2), starting an atmospheric turbulence simulation device to simulate atmospheric turbulence environments with different intensities, and performing simulation.
The invention has the technical effects that:
the invention has the self-adaptive optical module, and can perform beam purification and correct atmospheric turbulence aberration under atmospheric turbulence with different intensities; and the beacon laser is placed at the target module to provide aberration information of the upstream and downstream atmospheric turbulence to the adaptive optics module.
The simulation device is provided with an atmospheric turbulence and self-adaptive optical module, and can perform simulation of beam purification and correction of atmospheric turbulence aberration under the atmospheric turbulence with different intensities. Meanwhile, the parameters of the simulation device can be determined by analyzing according to the physical laws of the self-adaptive optics and the atmospheric optics according to the parameters of the high-power relay lens system with the self-adaptive optics module to be simulated. In addition, through simulation operation, the matching, optimization and balance of parameters among all components of the relay lens system simulation device can be checked, the function and performance verification of the aerostat laser relay lens system can be realized in a ground laboratory, and more complete experiment and test conditions are provided for the design of the system.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic optical path diagram of the adaptive optics module in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic optical path diagram of a relay lens module in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a simulation target module in embodiment 5 of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings:
1. a laser; 2. an adaptive optics module; 3. a relay mirror module; 4. a target module; 5. an aerostat; 6. an upstream atmospheric turbulence space; 7. a downstream atmospheric turbulence space;
21. tilting the mirror; 22. a wavefront corrector; 23. a 1# spectroscope; 24. a laser wavefront sensor; 25. a beacon light wavefront sensor; 26. a wavefront controller;
31. a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror; 32. a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror; 33. a 1# total reflection plane mirror; 34. 2# total reflection plane mirror; 35. 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror; 46. 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror;
1', a simulation laser; 2', an adaptive optics module for simulation; 3', a relay lens module for simulation; 4', a target module for simulation; 6', simulating an upstream atmosphere turbulence space; 7', simulating a downstream atmospheric turbulence space;
41', spot analyzer, 42', beacon laser.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown, and an aerostat laser relay lens system includes a laser 1, an adaptive optics module 2, a relay lens module 3, and a target module 4; the laser 1 and the adaptive optics module 2 are placed on the ground, and the relay lens module 3 is placed on the aerostat 5; the laser beam emitted by the laser 1 is transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 on the aerostat 5 through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space 6 on the uplink transmission path after being purified and corrected for atmospheric turbulence aberration by the self-adaptive optical module 2, and is transmitted to the target module 4 through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space 7 on the downlink transmission path after being focused and emitted by the relay mirror module 3. Defining that a laser beam is an uplink transmission path from the laser to the relay mirror module; the relay mirror module is a downlink transmission path to the target module.
The target module 4 is provided with a beacon laser. Wherein the wavelength of the beacon light beam is less than the wavelength of the laser light beam generated by the laser.
Fig. 2 is a schematic optical path diagram of the adaptive optics module in embodiment 2 of the present invention. The adaptive optics module includes a tilting mirror 21, a wavefront corrector 22, a # 1 spectroscope 23, a laser wavefront sensor 24, a beacon light wavefront sensor 25, and a wavefront controller 26. The beacon light emitted by the beacon laser on the target module 4 is transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space 7, and then transmitted to the 1# spectroscope 23 in the adaptive optics module 2 through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space 6 after reaching the relay mirror module 3, and the beacon light wavefront sensor 25 receives the beacon light transmitted from the 1# spectroscope 23; the laser beam emitted by the laser 1 is transmitted to a 1# spectroscope 23 through a tilting mirror 21 and a wavefront corrector 22 in the adaptive optical module 2, wherein most of the laser beam is reflected by the 1# spectroscope 23 and then transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space 6, and is transmitted to the target module 4 through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space 7 after passing through the relay mirror module 3. The small part of the laser beam transmitted through the spectroscope 23 is received by the laser wavefront sensor 24, the wavefront controller 26 adds the wavefront data obtained by the laser wavefront sensor 24 and the beacon wavefront sensor 25 to obtain total wavefront distortion, and a corresponding phase control signal is obtained according to a direct slope method (the direct slope method can refer to the patent of application number CN201210364084.8, and the name is a confocal scanning imaging system and an aberration control method thereof), and the phase control signal is applied to the wavefront corrector 22 to generate distortion opposite to the total wavefront distortion calculated by the wavefront controller 26.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the optical path of the relay lens module in embodiment 3 of the present invention, and the relay lens module 3 includes a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 31, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 32, a 1# total reflection plane mirror 33, a 2# total reflection plane mirror 34, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 35, and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 36. In the relay mirror module 3, the propagation path of the beacon light is common to the propagation path of the laser emission laser beam. The propagation path sequence of the laser beams transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 by the adaptive optics module 2 is: the light beam passes through a 1# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 31, a 1# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 32, a 1# total reflection flat mirror 33, a 2# total reflection flat mirror 34, a 2# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 35, and a 2# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 36. The propagation light path sequence of the beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 by the beacon laser on the target module 4 is: the light beam passes through a 2# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 36, a 2# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 35, a 2# total reflection flat mirror 34, a 1# total reflection flat mirror 33, a 1# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 32, and a 1# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 31. Specifically, the laser beam transmitted from the adaptive optics module 2 to the relay mirror module 3 is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system composed of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 31 and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 32 for beam shrinking. The laser beam after beam shrinking is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely in a 45-degree inclined way on the two sides, then is incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 35 and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 36 and is output, and the output laser beam is transmitted to the target module 4 through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space 7.
The beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module 3 by the beacon laser on the target module 4 is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 35 and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 36 for beam shrinking. The condensed beacon light is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are obliquely and oppositely arranged at 45 degrees on the two sides, then is incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 31 and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 32 and is output, and the output beacon light is transmitted to the self-adaptive optical module 2 through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space 6.
Referring to fig. 4, a schematic structural view of embodiment 4 of the present invention is shown. Embodiment 4 provides a simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system, comprising:
the simulation laser 1' generates a laser beam.
The self-adaptive optical module 2' for simulation realizes the functions of purifying laser beams and correcting atmospheric turbulence aberration.
An atmospheric turbulence simulation device for generating atmospheric turbulence, simulating an upstream atmospheric turbulence space 6 'and simulating a downstream atmospheric turbulence space 7'.
And the relay mirror module 3' for simulation simulates a relay mirror module on an aerostat to realize relay transmission of laser beams.
The simulation target module 4' is composed of a spot analyzer 41' and a beacon laser 42', and can realize measurement of laser power and generation of beacon light transmitted to the target module in a relay mode. Wherein the wavelength of the beacon light beam is less than the wavelength of the laser light beam generated by the laser.
The atmospheric turbulence simulation device comprises an uplink atmospheric turbulence generator and a downlink atmospheric turbulence generator. An upstream atmospheric turbulence generator for generating a simulated upstream atmospheric turbulence space on an upstream transmission path of the laser beam from the simulation adaptive optics module to the simulation relay mirror module; and a downstream atmospheric turbulence generator for generating a simulated downstream atmospheric turbulence space on a downstream transmission path of the laser beam from the simulation relay mirror module to the simulation target module. The upstream and downstream atmospheric turbulence generators can employ a wide variety of product configurations. For example, the device can be realized by adopting a hot air type turbulence simulation device disclosed by the invention with publication number CN102135467A, wherein the publication date is 2011, 07 and 27. The device is used for realizing the uplink atmospheric turbulence generator and the downlink atmospheric turbulence generator, and generating the atmospheric turbulence which can measure and adjust the atmospheric turbulence intensity.
The adaptive optics module 2' for simulation is identical to the adaptive optics module 2 in the aerostat laser relay lens system in terms of structural principle. The schematic optical path of the adaptive optics module for simulation 2' is shown in fig. 2. The adaptive optics for simulation 2' similarly includes a tilting mirror 21, a wavefront corrector 22, a # 1 spectroscope 23, a laser wavefront sensor 24, a beacon light wavefront sensor 25, and a wavefront controller 26. The beacon light emitted by the beacon laser 42 on the simulation target module 4 'is transmitted to the simulation relay lens module 3' through the simulation downstream atmospheric turbulence space 7', and is transmitted to the 1# spectroscope 23 in the simulation adaptive optics module 2' through the simulation upstream atmospheric turbulence space 6 'after reaching the simulation relay lens module 3', and the beacon light wavefront sensor 25 receives the beacon light transmitted from the 1# spectroscope 23; the laser beam emitted by the simulation laser 1' is sequentially transmitted to the 1# spectroscope 23 through the inclined mirror 21 and the wavefront corrector 22 in the simulation adaptive optical module 2', wherein most of the laser beam is reflected by the 1# spectroscope 23 and then transmitted to the simulation relay mirror module 3' through the simulation upstream atmosphere turbulence space 6', and transmitted to the simulation target module 4' through the simulation downstream atmosphere turbulence space 7' after passing through the simulation relay mirror module 3 '. The small part of the laser beam transmitted through the spectroscope 23 is received by the laser wavefront sensor 24, the wavefront controller 26 adds the wavefront data obtained by the laser wavefront sensor 24 and the beacon wavefront sensor 25 to obtain total wavefront distortion, and a corresponding phase control signal is obtained according to a direct slope method (the direct slope method can refer to the patent of application number CN201210364084.8, and the name is a confocal scanning imaging system and an aberration control method thereof), and the phase control signal is applied to the wavefront corrector 22 to generate distortion opposite to the total wavefront distortion calculated by the wavefront controller 26.
The simulation relay lens module 3' has the same principle as the relay lens module 3 in the laser relay lens system for an aerostat. Fig. 3 shows a schematic optical path diagram of the simulation relay lens module 3'. The simulation relay lens module 3' includes a 1# total reflection concave hyperbolic lens 31, a 1# total reflection convex hyperbolic lens 32, a 1# total reflection flat lens 33, a 2# total reflection flat lens 34, a 2# total reflection convex hyperbolic lens 35, and a 2# total reflection concave hyperbolic lens 36. In the simulation relay mirror module 3', the propagation path of the beacon light and the propagation path of the laser beam emitted from the laser are in common. The propagation path sequence of the laser beam transmitted from the adaptive optics module for simulation 2 'to the relay mirror module for simulation 3' is as follows: the light beam passes through a 1# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 31, a 1# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 32, a 1# total reflection flat mirror 33, a 2# total reflection flat mirror 34, a 2# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 35, and a 2# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 36. The propagation path sequence of the beacon light transmitted from the beacon laser to the simulation relay mirror module 3 'on the simulation target module 4' is: the light beam passes through a 2# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 36, a 2# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 35, a 2# total reflection flat mirror 34, a 1# total reflection flat mirror 33, a 1# total reflection convex hyperbolic mirror 32, and a 1# total reflection concave hyperbolic mirror 31. Specifically, the laser beam transmitted from the adaptive optics module for simulation 2 'to the relay mirror module for simulation 3' is transmitted to the off-axis telescope system composed of the 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 31 and the 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 32 for beam reduction. The laser beam after beam shrinking is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely in a 45-degree inclined way on the two sides, is incident to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 35 and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 36 and is output, the output laser beam is transmitted to a facula analyzer 41 'in a target module 4' for simulation through a downlink atmospheric turbulence space 7, and the facula analyzer 41 'is used for measuring the space-time characteristics of the beam transmitted to the target module 4' for simulation.
The beacon light transmitted from the beacon laser 42' to the simulation relay lens module 3' on the simulation target module 4' is transmitted to the off-axis telescope system composed of the 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid lens 35 and the 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid lens 36 for beam shrinking. The condensed beacon light is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are obliquely and oppositely arranged at 45 degrees on the two sides, then is incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror 31 and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror 32 and is output, and the output beacon light is transmitted to the simulation adaptive optical module 2 'through the simulation uplink atmospheric turbulence space 6'.
A simulation method of an aerostat relay lens system simulation device comprises the following steps:
(1) Parameter information of a laser relay mirror system of the aerostat to be simulated is determined:
uplink transmission distance z of laser light from ground to relay mirror module on aerostat up The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Downstream transmission distance z of laser light from relay mirror module on aerostat to target module down The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The laser center wavelength lambda; laser beam quality beta; a laser emission diameter a; receiving diameter D of relay mirror module 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Emission diameter D of relay mirror module 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of wavefront corrector (deformable mirror) units N b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of sub-apertures N of wavefront sensor h The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Atmospheric turbulence coherence length on the upstream and downstream transmission paths.
Parameter information of the laser relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated in the embodiment is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
(2) Determining simulation parameters of the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system corresponding to the parameters in the step (1);
and (2.1) the central wavelength of the laser, the quality of the laser beam, the number of wavefront corrector units and the number of sub-apertures of the wavefront sensor in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system are the same as the corresponding parameters in the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated in the step (1).
(2.2) determining the laser emission diameter in the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated and the emission diameter of the relay lens module.
Setting the ratio of the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device to the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system to be simulated in the step (1), for example, 1/1000. The central wavelength of the laser in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system is the same as the central wavelength of the laser in the aerostat laser relay lens system to be simulated. The fresnel number is the ratio of the square of the beam diameter to the product of the laser wavelength and the transmission distance, reflecting the intensity of the transmission distance affecting the intensity of the light. Therefore, the laser emission diameter and the emission diameter of the relay lens module in the aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device can be calculated, so that the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device are respectively the same as the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated.
And (2.3) according to a light beam transmission rule, the diameter of a light beam focused and transmitted to a receiving mirror of the relay mirror module is directly proportional to the uplink transmission distance and the light beam quality of the laser and inversely proportional to the emission diameter of the laser, and the receiving diameter of the relay mirror module in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay mirror system is calculated to be 1/10 of the emission diameter of the relay mirror module of the aerostat relay mirror system to be simulated in the step (1).
(2.4) the ratio of the beam diameter to the coherence length of the atmospheric turbulence on the transmission path reflects the intensity of the beam affected by the atmospheric turbulence. According to the main parameters of the simulation device given in the steps 2 and 3, the coherence length of the atmospheric turbulence on the uplink and downlink transmission paths of the simulation device is calculated, so that the ratio of the simulation device to the real aerostat relay lens system transmission path is the same.
(2.5) calculating the light spot radius of the focusing transmission of the relay mirror module to the target module according to the light beam transmission rule under the condition that the atmospheric turbulence is completely corrected by the adaptive optical module; in order to effectively analyze the characteristics of the light spot transmitted to the target module, the radius of the target surface of the detector of the spot analyzer in the target module for simulation in the simulation device needs to be 2 times larger than the radius of the light spot, so that the radius of the target surface of the detector needs to be calculated to be larger than 2.6mm.
Using steps (2.1) to (2.5), the simulation parameters determined are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
(3) And (3) constructing a corresponding aerostat relay lens system simulation device according to the simulation parameters determined in the step (2), starting an atmospheric turbulence simulation device to simulate atmospheric turbulence environments with different intensities, and performing simulation.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. An aerostat laser relay mirror system, characterized by: the system comprises a laser, an adaptive optical module, a relay lens module and a target module; the target module is provided with a beacon laser which is used for providing aberration information of uplink and downlink atmospheric turbulence for the adaptive optical module, wherein the wavelength of a beacon light beam is smaller than that of a laser beam generated by the laser;
the laser and the self-adaptive optical module are placed on the ground, and the relay lens module is placed on the aerostat; the laser beam emitted by the laser is transmitted to the relay lens module on the aerostat through an uplink atmospheric turbulence space on an uplink transmission path after being purified and corrected by the self-adaptive optical module; the relay mirror module comprises a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror; in the relay mirror module, the propagation light path of the beacon light and the propagation light path of the laser beam emitted by the laser share the same light path; the propagation light path of the laser beam transmitted to the relay mirror module by the adaptive optical module sequentially passes through a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror; the propagation light path sequence of the beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module by the beacon laser on the target module is as follows: the beacon light beam passes through a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection plane mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror;
the laser beam is focused and emitted by the relay lens module and then propagates to the target module through a downlink atmospheric turbulence space on a downlink transmission path.
2. The aerostat laser relay mirror system of claim 1, wherein: the self-adaptive optical module comprises a tilting mirror, a wavefront corrector, a 1# spectroscope, a laser wavefront sensor, a beacon light wavefront sensor and a wavefront controller; the beacon light emitted by the beacon laser on the target module is transmitted to the relay lens module through the downlink atmospheric turbulence space, and then transmitted to the No. 1 spectroscope in the self-adaptive optical module through the uplink atmospheric turbulence space after reaching the relay lens module, and the beacon light wavefront sensor receives the beacon light transmitted from the No. 1 spectroscope; the laser beam emitted by the laser is sequentially transmitted to a 1# spectroscope through an inclined mirror and a wavefront corrector in the adaptive optical module, wherein most of the laser beam is transmitted to the relay mirror module through an uplink atmospheric turbulence space after being reflected by the 1# spectroscope, and is transmitted to the target module through a downlink atmospheric turbulence space after being transmitted to the relay mirror module; the small part of laser beam transmitted by the spectroscope is received by the laser wavefront sensor, the wavefront controller adds the wavefront data obtained by the laser wavefront sensor and the beacon light wavefront sensor to obtain total wavefront distortion, a corresponding phase control signal is obtained according to a direct slope method, the phase control signal is applied to the wavefront corrector, and distortion opposite to the total wavefront distortion obtained by calculation of the wavefront controller is generated.
3. The aerostat laser relay mirror system of claim 1, wherein: the laser beam transmitted to the relay lens module by the self-adaptive optical module is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid lens and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid lens for beam shrinking; after the laser beams after beam shrinking pass through the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely and are inclined at 45 degrees on the two sides in sequence, the laser beams are incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror and then output, and the output laser beams are transmitted to a target module through a downlink atmospheric turbulence space.
4. The aerostat laser relay mirror system of claim 1, wherein: the beacon light transmitted to the relay mirror module by the beacon laser on the target module is transmitted to an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror for beam shrinking; the beacon light after beam shrinkage is sequentially reflected by the total reflection plane mirrors which are arranged oppositely in a 45-degree inclined way, then is incident into an off-axis telescope system consisting of a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror and a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and is output, and the output beacon light is transmitted to the self-adaptive optical module through an uplink atmospheric turbulence space.
5. The simulation apparatus of an aerostat laser relay mirror system according to claim 1, comprising:
a simulation laser for generating a laser beam;
the self-adaptive optical module for simulation realizes the functions of purifying laser beams and correcting atmospheric turbulence aberration;
the atmospheric turbulence simulation device is used for generating atmospheric turbulence, simulating an uplink atmospheric turbulence space and a downlink atmospheric turbulence space;
the relay mirror module is used for simulation and simulates a relay mirror module on an aerostat to realize relay transmission of laser beams;
the target module for simulation consists of a light spot analyzer and a beacon laser, and can realize the measurement of laser power transmitted to the target module in a relay mode and the generation of beacon light, wherein the wavelength of the beacon light beam is smaller than that of the laser beam generated by the laser;
the relay mirror module for simulation comprises a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror; in the relay mirror module for simulation, the propagation light path of the beacon light and the propagation light path of the laser beam emitted by the laser are shared; the propagation path sequence of the laser beam transmitted to the simulation relay lens module by the simulation adaptive optical module is as follows: the light beam passes through a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 1# total reflection plane mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror; the sequence of the propagation paths of the beacon light transmitted to the simulation relay mirror module by the beacon laser on the simulation target module is as follows: the beacon light beam passes through a 2# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror, a 2# total reflection plane mirror, a 1# total reflection convex hyperboloid mirror and a 1# total reflection concave hyperboloid mirror.
6. The simulation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the atmospheric turbulence simulation apparatus includes an upstream atmospheric turbulence generator and a downstream atmospheric turbulence generator, the upstream atmospheric turbulence generator generating a simulated upstream atmospheric turbulence space on an upstream transmission path of the laser beam transmitted from the simulation adaptive optics module to the simulation relay mirror module; and a downstream atmospheric turbulence generator for generating a simulated downstream atmospheric turbulence space on a downstream transmission path of the laser beam from the simulation relay mirror module to the simulation target module.
7. The simulation apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the adaptive optics for simulation includes a tilting mirror, a wavefront corrector, a # 1 spectroscope, a laser wavefront sensor, a beacon wavefront sensor, and a wavefront controller; the beacon light emitted by the beacon laser on the target module for simulation is transmitted to the relay mirror module for simulation through the simulated downlink atmospheric turbulence space, and then transmitted to the 1# spectroscope in the adaptive optical module for simulation through the simulated uplink atmospheric turbulence space after reaching the relay mirror module for simulation, and the beacon light wavefront sensor receives the beacon light transmitted from the 1# spectroscope; the laser beam emitted by the simulation laser is sequentially transmitted to a 1# spectroscope through an inclined mirror and a wavefront corrector in the simulation self-adaptive optical module, wherein most of the laser beam is reflected by the 1# spectroscope and then transmitted to the simulation relay mirror module through a simulation uplink atmospheric turbulence space, and is transmitted to the simulation target module through a simulation downlink atmospheric turbulence space after passing through the simulation relay mirror module; the small part of laser beam transmitted by the spectroscope is received by the laser wavefront sensor, the wavefront controller adds the wavefront data obtained by the laser wavefront sensor and the beacon light wavefront sensor to obtain total wavefront distortion, a corresponding phase control signal is obtained according to a direct slope method, the phase control signal is applied to the wavefront corrector, and distortion opposite to the total wavefront distortion obtained by calculation of the wavefront controller is generated.
8. A simulation method of the simulation apparatus according to claim 5, comprising the steps of:
(1) Parameter information of a laser relay mirror system of the aerostat to be simulated is determined:
uplink transmission distance z of laser light from ground to relay mirror module on aerostat up The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Downstream transmission distance z of laser light from relay mirror module on aerostat to target module down The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The laser center wavelength lambda; laser beam quality beta; a laser emission diameter a; receiving diameter D of relay mirror module 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Emission diameter D of relay mirror module 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of wavefront corrector units N b The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Number of sub-apertures N of wavefront sensor h The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Atmospheric turbulence coherence length on the upstream and downstream transmission paths;
(2) Determining simulation parameters of the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system corresponding to the parameters in the step (1);
(2.1) the central wavelength of the laser, the beam quality of the laser and the number of wavefront corrector units and the number of sub apertures of the wavefront sensor in the adaptive optics module for simulation of the simulation laser relay lens system simulation device of the aerostat are the same as the corresponding parameters in the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated in the step (1);
(2.2) determining the emission diameter of the simulation laser in the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated;
setting the ratio of the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system simulation device to the uplink transmission distance and the downlink transmission distance of the aerostat laser relay lens system to be simulated in the step (1) respectively; the center wavelength of a laser in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system is the same as the center wavelength of the laser in the aerostat laser relay lens system to be simulated; the emission diameter of the simulation laser and the emission diameter of the simulation relay lens module in the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system can be calculated, so that the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the simulation device of the aerostat laser relay lens system are respectively the same as the Fresnel numbers on the uplink transmission path and the downlink transmission path of the aerostat relay lens system to be simulated;
(2.3) the receiving diameter of the relay lens module for simulation is 1/10 of the beam emitting diameter of the relay lens module of the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated in the step (1);
(2.4) the ratio of the beam diameter to the coherence length of the atmospheric turbulence on the transmission path reflects the intensity of the beam affected by the atmospheric turbulence; according to the main parameters of the simulation device obtained in the steps (2.2) and (2.3), calculating and giving the atmospheric turbulence coherence length on the uplink and downlink transmission paths of the simulation device, so that the ratio of the simulation device to the transmission path of the relay lens system of the aerostat to be simulated is the same;
(2.5) the radius of the target surface of the detector of the spot analyzer in the simulation target module in the simulation device needs to be larger than 2 times of the radius of the spot transmitted to the simulation target module;
(3) And (3) constructing a corresponding aerostat relay lens system simulation device according to the simulation parameters determined in the step (2), starting an atmospheric turbulence simulation device to simulate atmospheric turbulence environments with different intensities, and performing simulation.
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