CN109959485A - A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus and test method - Google Patents
A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus and test method Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/10—Determining the moment of inertia
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
- G01M1/122—Determining position of centre of gravity
Abstract
The invention belongs to rail vehicles the field of test technology more particularly to a kind of train body centers of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus and test method.The present invention is by being provided with the train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus of bottom plate, top plate, actuator, squab panel, the first gusset and the second gusset, and lays train body center of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus, establish coordinate system, obtain relevant parameter, calculate top plate center of gravity Og (xg0、yg0、zg0) in x, y-coordinate, install car body to be measured additional, calculate body gravity Oc (xc0、yco、zc0) in x, y-coordinate, calculate top plate and car body Z-direction center-of-gravity value and measurement car body around eight steps of rotary inertia so that the center of gravity and rotary inertia of test are more accurate, and the process of test is more safe and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rail vehicles the field of test technology more particularly to a kind of train body center of gravity and rotary inertias
Test device and test method.
Background technique
The dynamic performance of vehicle, i.e. dynamic performance three elements --- kinetic stability, running stability and curve are logical
Safety is crossed, this is entirely to be determined by the kinetic parameter of vehicle itself.With the raising of train running speed, rolling stock
Performance is to the dependence of parameter with regard to stronger.By in a large amount of rolling stocks rollings of the prior art, vibration mechine test and route
It is proved in test, under the conditions of friction speed and class of track, the size of parameter and matching require to be different.In China,
People have reached very high degree to the understanding of rolling stock kinetic parameter.It is in particular in, vehicle manufacturers are carrying out newly
When type rolling stock designs, a large amount of parameter Optimization Analysis is not only carried out, and according to this come while determining that parameter is designed,
Sample car will also rolled, carried out on vibration mechine using optimal performance as the parameter optimization of target.What is more, some vehicles
Factory establishes the parameter test board of oneself.It facts have proved, this is largely effective to understanding parameter and grasp parameter.
Vehicle's center of gravity is one of an important factor for being related to vehicle movement performance superiority and inferiority.Vehicle assembly center of gravity includes total on spring
At mass cg and unsprung mass center of gravity between center of gravity, bogie assembly center of gravity, spring, its improvement to vehicle operation stability, axis
The reasonable distribution of weight and wheel weight has a great impact, and therefore, in vehicle overall design process, vehicle's center of gravity factor be must be accorded to
It fully considers.With the continuous improvement of Car design speed, center of gravity calculation just seems more necessary with test, and when design not only answers
Center of gravity calculation is carried out, but also copes with first trolley newly developed, center of gravity measurement verification is carried out, accurately to obtain the reality of locomotive
Center of gravity.After obtaining vehicle's center of gravity, the test of rotary inertia is just relatively easy to obtain, has in this way for Dynamic Modeling larger
Engineering significance.And in the prior art, vehicle's center of gravity test method is mainly supporting methods and suspension method, rotary inertia test method
Self-vibration method, excitation method and suspention swing method, and these test methods it is all accurate poor there are test to varying degrees and
There is security risk in test process.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide one kind measuring accuracy under rolling stock reorganizes and outfit state or under the conditions of white body compared with
High and safety and stability train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus and test method.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted is that:
A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus further include including at least bottom plate
Top plate, top plate length are equal to floor length, and top plate width is less than baseplate width,
Squab panel is fixedly connected on one end of bottom plate；
Gusset is arranged in plate upper surface and top plate lower surface；
Actuator, between bottom plate and top plate there are three connections, between squab panel and top plate side there are two connections, on bottom plate
One is connected between surface and the gusset of top plate lower surface setting.
The actuator being arranged between the bottom plate and top plate is vertical actuator, and vertical actuator includes the first vertical work
Dynamic device, the second vertical actuator and actuator of nodding；The actuator being arranged between squab panel and top plate side is longitudinal actuator；
The actuator being arranged between plate upper surface and the gusset of top plate lower surface setting is lateral actuator；The bottom plate axis
To the medianly zygomorphic upper surface of center line, pass through the first fixing seat and the first vertical actuator and the second vertical actuation respectively
The lower surface of device connects, the upper surface of the first vertical actuator and the second vertical actuator respectively with top plate lower surface axial centre
The both ends of line connect；Actuator of nodding is connected with by the second fixing seat on plate upper surface longitudinal center line, actuator of nodding
Upper surface be connected by connecting plate with one long side side of top plate；Plate upper surface and the opposite side that actuator of nodding is arranged are solid
Surely it is connected with squab panel perpendicular to the base plate；Connection is made there are two longitudinal between the top of the squab panel and the side of top plate
Dynamic device, two longitudinal, and actuator is vertical with squab panel and top plate respectively connect；The gusset includes the first gusset and the second muscle
Plate；It is being fixedly connected with the first gusset close to the upper surface of the first vertical actuator or the bottom plate of the second vertical actuator side, and
For first gusset on the line of the first vertical actuator and the second vertical actuator, the first gusset upper surface and top plate lower surface are solid
Fixed connection；In side, the lower surface of top plate and the opposite side of the first gusset are fixedly connected with the second gusset.
First gusset includes in the lower section plate of rectangle, in down big up small trapezoidal middle section plate and in the upper of rectangle
Section plate, lower section plate, middle section plate and upper section plate are one；There are two second gusset is arranged along longitudinal center line two sides, the
Two gussets are in up big and down small trapezoidal.
The lower surface of the top plate has been respectively fixedly connected with a stiffening plate along longitudinal center line two sides, stiffening plate
Length be less than or equal to top plate length, second gusset be fixedly connected on stiffening plate lower edge and with stiffening plate one,
Lateral actuator, the first vertical actuator and the second vertical actuator is connected with by fixing piece between two second gussets to add two
In the space that strong plate and top plate are formed.
The actuator is double flexural pivot hydraulic actuators.
The bottom of the squab panel is provided with support claw；Plate upper surface be provided with squab panel it is triangular in shape plus
Qiang Zhu.
The upper surface interval of the top plate is provided with T-slot.
Described is also connected with support device between top plate and bottom plate.
The support device includes air spring and connecting rod；The lower surface of air spring is fixedly connected with bottom plate, air
The upper surface of spring and one end of connecting rod connect, and the other end of connecting rod is fixedly connected by fixing piece with the lower surface of top plate.
A kind of test method of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus, includes the following steps:
Step 1 lays train body center of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Two train body centers of gravity are oppositely arranged with its rotational inertia test apparatus so that two train body centers of gravity and
Top plate in rotational inertia test apparatus is in same plane；Two platform transverse direction actuator installation directions are opposite；
Step 2 establishes coordinate system
1. choosing coordinate origin
Choosing the geometric center positioned at vehicle bottom lower surface is coordinate origin O；
2. X-axis positive direction
The axial direction of car body is X-axis positive direction；
3. Y-axis positive direction
The radial direction of car body is Y-axis positive direction；
4. Z axis positive direction
Vertical car body floor upward direction is Z axis positive direction；
Step 3 obtains relevant parameter
Measure the spacing Lx between car body and two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus fixed point；
The distance for measuring two train body centers of gravity and the vertical actuator installation site of rotational inertia test apparatus is Ly；
The weight mg of top plate；
The weight Mg of car body；
The first vertical actuator in two test devices, the second vertical actuator and lateral actuator are read respectively
The power of power, the first vertical actuator and the second vertical actuator uses F respectively1、F2And F3、F4It indicates；Cross in two test devices
F is used respectively to actuator power5、F6It indicates；
Wherein: length unit are as follows: mm；Unit of weight are as follows: kg；The unit of power are as follows: kN；
Step 4 calculates top plate center of gravity Og (xg0、yg0、zg0) in xg0、yg0Coordinate
According to the parameter of the acquisition of step 3, square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The collated center of gravity x for obtaining top plate (2b)g0And yg0The distance of geometric distance center of gravity are as follows:
Step 5 installs car body to be measured additional
Two bogie junction positions of car body to be measured are consolidated with two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Fixed connection；
Step 6 calculates body gravity Oc (xc0、yco、zc0) in xc0、ycoCoordinate
After step 5 installs car body additional, lateral actuator and longitudinal actuator is respectively started, then
Square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The distance of collated center of gravity x and y the geometric distance center of gravity for obtaining car body are as follows:
Step 7 calculates top plate and car body Z-direction center-of-gravity value
Start the first vertical actuator, the second vertical actuator and lateral actuator, car body and rotates θ degree around center of rotation O
When, Oc, Og are respectively the center of gravity of car body and top plate, the first vertical actuator AA ' expression, the second vertical actuator BB ' table
Show, lateral actuator CC ' is indicated；After rotation, the first vertical actuator, the second vertical actuator and lateral actuator are solid
A, B, C are motionless for fixed end, and only extension end A ' is moved to A ", and B ' is moved to B ", and C ' is moved to C ", and Oc ' is moved to Oc ", and Og ' is mobile
To Og "；
For triangle AA ' A ":
In formula: h0Indicate the height of top plate；
Have using the cosine law:
In formula: θfIndicate ∠ A ' AA " degree；
h1Height of the expression lower surface of base plate to top plate lower surface；
LAA”Indicate the distance between AA "；
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
LAA’Indicate the distance between AA '；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the vertical actuator in left sidef。
Similarly for triangle BB ' B ":
In formula: θrIndicate ∠ B ' BB " degree；
LBB”Indicate the distance between BB "；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the second vertical actuatorr；
Similarly for triangle CC'C ":
Wherein, θhIndicate ∠ C ' CC " degree；
LOC’Distance of the expression 1 chassis center of car body to lateral actuator extension end；
LCC”Indicate the distance between CC "；
LCC’Indicate the distance between CC '；
The deflection angle θ of lateral actuator is exported by above formulah；
Actuator power vertical for first:
F14=F1+F4
Actuator power vertical for second:
F23=F2+F3
For lateral actuator power:
F56=F5+F6
F14Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
In formula:
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
F23Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
F56Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Right side top plate cross force F6Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Left side top plate cross force F5Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
hcHeight of the lateral actuator fixing end center of expression to top plate lower surface；
LCIndicate lateral actuator extension end the distance between to the vertical median plane of hull bottom plate.
Top plate mg takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
Car body weight Mg takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available ZCO。
When not having to install car body additional:
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available Zgo
Step 8 measures car body around x-axis rotary inertia
Bit andits control is used to lower car body actuator, is interlocked stretching motion with identical sinusoidal excitation respectively, to car body
It is loaded；When i-th of Frequency point measures, the displacement excitation signal of actuator isThe force signal that actuator force snesor measures is fi=Fisin (ω it), by N number of frequency
The measurement of rate point just obtains rotary inertia value of the different frequency lower body around X-axis, averages to obtain vehicle to the N number of result measured
Rotary inertia of the body around X-axis.
Wherein, OX is the rotating shaft of car body and train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus entirety；
Xi, Fi are respectively the amplitude of displacement excitation signal and actuator x value feedback；
Car body exciting is in the process α around the relative angular displacement of X-axis；
Car body is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis1X；
Top plate is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis2；
Top plate and car body are whole around OXThe rotary inertia of axis is JX；
According to law of rotation:
By above formula calculate car body around O1The rotary inertia of X-axis:
In formula, Mg is the quality for being tested car body, and mg is the quality of top plate, h2For body gravity to the distance of shaft OX, h3For
Distance of the top plate center of gravity to shaft OX.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: pass through actuator vertical between bottom plate, top plate, squab panel, gusset and bottom plate and top plate
Setting, between squab panel and top plate side between the setting of longitudinal actuator, two gussets lateral actuator setting, pass through eight
A testing procedure, so that the center of gravity and rotary inertia of test are more accurate, and the process tested is more safe and reliable.
Detailed description of the invention
It in order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, below will be to institute in embodiment
Attached drawing to be used is needed to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only some implementations of the invention
Example, for those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, can also obtain according to these attached drawings
Obtain other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure；
Fig. 2 is main view of embodiment of the present invention enlarged structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is side view of embodiment of the present invention enlarged structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is the side structure schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is main view (in terms of car body front end) structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is rotary inertia test schematic of the car body of the present invention around x-axis；
Fig. 7 actuator of the present invention and car body stress diagram.
In figure: 1- car body；2- train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus；2a- bottom plate；2b- top plate；2c- makees
Dynamic device；2c10- nods actuator；The vertical actuator of 2c11- first；The vertical actuator of 2c12- second；The longitudinal direction 2c2- actuator；
2c3- transverse direction actuator；2d- squab panel；The first gusset of 2e-；The second gusset of 2f-；2g- air spring；2h- connecting rod；3- first is solid
Reservation；The second fixing seat of 4-；5- connecting plate；6- stiffening plate；7 reinforcing props.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one:
A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus as shown in Figs 1-4, includes at least bottom plate 2a, also wraps
It includes
Top plate 2b, top plate 2b length are equal to bottom plate 2a length, and top plate 2b width is less than bottom plate 2a width,
Squab panel 2d is fixedly connected on one end of bottom plate 2a；
Gusset is arranged in the upper surface bottom plate 2a and the lower surface top plate 2b；
Actuator 2c is connected between squab panel 2d and the side top plate 2b between bottom plate 2a and top plate 2b there are three connections
Two, one is connected between the upper surface bottom plate 2a and the gusset of the lower surface top plate 2b setting.
The preferably actuator 2c is double flexural pivot hydraulic actuators.
The bottom of the preferably squab panel 2d is provided with support claw；It is provided with and squab panel in the upper surface bottom plate 2a
Reinforcing prop 7 2d triangular in shape.
The upper surface interval of the preferably top plate 2b is provided with T-slot.
Preferably support device is also connected between top plate 2b and bottom plate 2a.
In actual use, actuator 2c is using double flexural pivot hydraulic actuators, convenient for testing the adjustment of required angle；Top plate
The upper surface interval of 2b is provided with T-slot, convenient for the fixed installation with car body, avoids being tested the skidding of car body 1 in experimentation, influence
The accuracy of the data of test；The bottom of squab panel 2d is provided with support claw；It is provided with and squab panel 2d in the upper surface bottom plate 2a
Reinforcing prop 7 triangular in shape, so that strength and stability of the present invention is more preferable；Support dress is also connected between top plate 2b and bottom plate 2a
It sets, so that the stability of the invention in test is more preferable and support force of the invention is made to be strengthened.Bottom plate 2a and top plate 2b
Between, be arranged not between squab panel 2d and the side top plate 2b, between the upper surface bottom plate 2a and the gusset of the lower surface top plate 2b setting
Same actuator allows the invention to the actuator by adjusting different parts, changes the effect of the posture of tested car body more
It is good, it ensure that various postures can be presented in tested vechicle body, meet the acquisition of various attitude datas required for testing.
Embodiment two:
A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus as shown in Figs 1-4, with one difference of embodiment
Be: the actuator 2c being arranged between the bottom plate 2a and top plate 2b is vertical actuator, and vertical actuator includes first vertical
To actuator 2c11, the second vertical actuator 2c12 and the actuator 2c10 that nods；It is arranged between squab panel 2d and the side top plate 2b
Actuator 2c be longitudinal actuator 2c2；It is arranged between the upper surface bottom plate 2a and the gusset of the lower surface top plate 2b setting
Actuator 2c is lateral actuator 2c3；The medianly zygomorphic upper surface of bottom plate 2a longitudinal center line, respectively by the
One fixing seat 3 is connect with the lower surface of the first vertical vertical actuator 2c12 of actuator 2c11 and second, the first vertical actuator
The upper surface of the vertical actuator 2c12 of 2c11 and second is connect with the both ends of the lower surface top plate 2b longitudinal center line respectively；Bottom plate 2a
The actuator 2c10 that nods is connected with by the second fixing seat 4 on the longitudinal center line of upper surface, the upper surface of actuator of nodding 2c10
It is connected by connecting plate 5 with the mono- long side side top plate 2b；The upper surface bottom plate 2a and the opposite side that the actuator 2c10 that nods is set
It is fixedly connected with the squab panel 2d vertical with bottom plate 2a；It is connected between the top of the squab panel 2d and the side of top plate 2b
Two longitudinal actuator 2c2, two longitudinal actuator 2c2 respectively with squab panel 2d and top plate 2b is vertical connect；The gusset
Including the first gusset 2e and the second gusset 2f；At the bottom close to the first side the vertical vertical actuator 2c12 of actuator 2c11 or second
The upper surface of plate 2a is fixedly connected with the first gusset 2e, and the first gusset 2e is in the first vertical vertical work of actuator 2c11 and second
On the line of dynamic device 2c12, the first upper surface gusset 2e is fixedly connected with the lower surface top plate 2b；In side the lower surface of top plate 2b with
The opposite side of first gusset 2e is fixedly connected with the second gusset 2f.
For the present invention by adjusting the actuator of different parts, the effect for changing the posture of tested car body is more preferable, ensure that by
Various postures can be presented in measuring car body, meet the acquisition of various data required for testing.Wherein, actuator of nodding 2c10 is main
Play the role of triangle and supports platform.
Embodiment three:
A kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus as shown in Figs 1-4, with two difference of embodiment
Be: the first gusset 2e includes in the lower section plate of rectangle, in down big up small trapezoidal middle section plate and in the upper of rectangle
Section plate, lower section plate, middle section plate and upper section plate are one；The second gusset 2f along longitudinal center line two sides be arranged there are two,
Second gusset 2f is in up big and down small trapezoidal.
Preferably the lower surface of the top plate 2b has been respectively fixedly connected with a stiffening plate along longitudinal center line two sides
6, the length of stiffening plate 6 is less than or equal to the length of top plate 2b, the second gusset 2f be fixedly connected on 6 lower edge of stiffening plate and
With 6 one of stiffening plate, lateral actuator 2c3, the first vertical actuator are connected with by fixing piece between two second gusset 2f
The vertical actuator 2c12 of 2c11 and second is in the space that two stiffening plate 6 and top plate 2b are formed.
In actual use, on the first gusset 2f, the integrated setting for neutralizing lower section plate special shape both guarantees to test institute
It needs technology to need, and can guarantee the needs of test security intensity；Second gusset 2f is in up big and down small trapezoidal and squab panel 2d
The setting of bottom stiffening plate triangular in shape be all satisfied the intensity and security needs of test.The setting of stiffening plate 6, so that top plate
The intensity of 2b is strengthened.
Example IV:
The test method of a kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus as shown in figs. 1-7, including it is as follows
Step:
Step 1 lays train body center of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Two train body centers of gravity are oppositely arranged with its rotational inertia test apparatus so that two train body centers of gravity and
Top plate 2b in rotational inertia test apparatus is in same plane；Two platform transverse direction actuator installation directions are opposite；
Step 2 establishes coordinate system
1. choosing coordinate origin
The geometric center that selection is located at 1 bottom lower surface of car body is coordinate origin O；
2. X-axis positive direction
The axial direction of car body 1 is X-axis positive direction；
3. Y-axis positive direction
The radial direction of car body 1 is Y-axis positive direction；
4. Z axis positive direction
Vertical 1 floor upward direction of car body is Z axis positive direction；
Step 3 obtains relevant parameter
Measure the spacing Lx between car body 1 and two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus fixed point；
The distance for measuring two train body centers of gravity and the vertical actuator 2c1 installation site of rotational inertia test apparatus is
Ly；
The weight mg of top plate 2b；
The weight Mg of car body 1；
The first vertical actuator 2c11, the second vertical actuator 2c12 in two test devices are read respectively and are laterally made
The power of dynamic device 2c3, the power of the first vertical vertical actuator 2c12 of actuator 2c11 and second use F respectively1、F2And F3、F4It indicates；
Lateral actuator 2c3 power in two test devices uses F respectively5、F6It indicates；
Wherein: length unit are as follows: mm；Unit of weight are as follows: kg；The unit of power are as follows: kN；
Step 4 calculates top plate 2b center of gravity Og (xg0、yg0、zg0) in xg0、yg0Coordinate
According to the parameter of the acquisition of step 3, square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The collated center of gravity x for obtaining top plate 2bg0And yg0The distance of geometric distance center of gravity are as follows:
Step 5 installs car body 1 to be measured additional
Two bogie junction positions of car body 1 to be measured are consolidated with two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Fixed connection；
Step 6 calculates 1 center of gravity Oc (x of car bodyc0、yco、zc0) in xc0、ycoCoordinate
After step 5 installs car body 1 additional, lateral actuator 2C3 and longitudinal actuator 2C2 is respectively started, then
Square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The distance of collated center of gravity x and y the geometric distance center of gravity for obtaining car body 1 are as follows:
Step 7 calculates top plate 2b and the direction car body 1Z center-of-gravity value
Start the first vertical actuator 2c11, the second vertical actuator 2c12 and lateral actuator 2c3, car body 1 is around rotation
θ is when spending for center O rotation, and Oc, Og are respectively the center of gravity of car body 1 and top plate 2b, and the first vertical actuator 2c11 AA ' indicates, the
Two vertical actuator 2c12 BB ' indicate that lateral actuator 2c3 CC ' is indicated；After rotation, the first vertical actuator
2c11, the second vertical actuator 2c12 and lateral actuator 2c3 fixing end A, B, C are motionless, and only extension end A ' is moved to A ", B '
It is moved to B ", C ' is moved to C ", and Oc ' is moved to Oc ", and Og ' is moved to Og "；
For triangle AA ' A ":
In formula: h0Indicate the height of top plate 2b；
Have using the cosine law:
In formula: θfIndicate ∠ A ' AA " degree；
h1Height of the expression lower surface bottom plate 2a to the lower surface top plate 2b；LAA”
Indicate the distance between AA "；
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
LAA’Indicate the distance between AA '；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the vertical actuator in left sidef。
Similarly for triangle BB ' B ":
In formula: θrIndicate ∠ B ' BB " degree；
LBB”Indicate the distance between BB "；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the second vertical actuator 2c12r；
Similarly for triangle CC'C ":
Wherein, θhIndicate ∠ C ' CC " degree；
LOC’Distance of the expression 1 chassis center of car body to lateral actuator extension end；
LCC”Indicate the distance between CC "；
LCC’Indicate the distance between CC '；
The deflection angle θ of lateral actuator is exported by above formulah；
Actuator 2c11 power vertical for first:
F14=F1+F4
Actuator 2c12 power vertical for second:
F23=F2+F3
For lateral actuator 2c3 power:
F56=F5+F6
F14Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
In formula:
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
F23Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
F56Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Right side top plate 2b cross force F6Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Left side top plate 2b cross force F5Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
hcHeight of the lateral actuator 2c fixing end center of expression to the lower surface top plate 2b；
LCIndicate lateral actuator extension end the distance between to the vertical median plane of hull bottom plate.
Top plate 2bmg takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
1 weight Mg of car body takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available ZCO。
When not having to install car body 1 additional:
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available Zgo
Step 8 measures car body around x-axis rotary inertia
Bit andits control is used to 1 lower part actuator of car body, is interlocked stretching motion with identical sinusoidal excitation respectively, to car body
It is loaded；When i-th of Frequency point measures, the displacement excitation signal of actuator isThe force signal that actuator force snesor measures is fi=Fisin (ω it), by N number of frequency
The measurement of rate point just obtains rotary inertia value of the different frequency lower body around X-axis, averages to obtain vehicle to the N number of result measured
Rotary inertia of the body around X-axis.
Wherein, OX is the rotating shaft of car body 1 and train body center of gravity and its 2 entirety of rotational inertia test apparatus；
Xi, Fi are respectively the amplitude of displacement excitation signal and actuator x value feedback；
Car body exciting is in the process α around the relative angular displacement of X-axis；
Car body is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis1X；
Top plate is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis2；
Top plate and car body are whole around OXThe rotary inertia of axis is JX；
According to law of rotation:
By above formula calculate car body around O1The rotary inertia of X-axis:
In formula, Mg is the quality for being tested car body 1, and mg is the quality of top plate 2b,
h2Distance for 1 center of gravity of car body to shaft OX, h3For top plate 2b center of gravity to the distance of shaft OX.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Within mind and principle, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on be should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be appreciated that the directional instruction (such as up, down, left, right, before and after ...) of institute is only used in the embodiment of the present invention
In explaining in relative positional relationship, the motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in the picture) between each component, if should
When particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes correspondingly.
In addition, the description for being related to " first ", " second " etc. in the present invention is used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as referring to
Show or imply its relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first ", " are defined as a result,
Two " feature can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.
Technical solution between each embodiment can be combined with each other, but must be with those of ordinary skill in the art's energy
It is enough realize based on, will be understood that the knot of this technical solution when conflicting or cannot achieve when occurs in the combination of technical solution
Conjunction is not present, also not the present invention claims protection scope within.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus, include at least bottom plate (2a) it is characterized by also including
Top plate (2b), top plate (2b) length are equal to bottom plate (2a) length, and top plate (2b) width is less than bottom plate (2a) width,
Squab panel (2d), is fixedly connected on one end of bottom plate (2a)；
Gusset is arranged in the bottom plate upper surface (2a) and the lower surface top plate (2b)；
Actuator (2c), between bottom plate (2a) and top plate (2b) there are three connections, between squab panel (2d) and the side top plate (2b)
There are two connections, is connected with one between the bottom plate upper surface (2a) and the gusset of the top plate lower surface (2b) setting.
2. a kind of train body center of gravity as described in claim 1 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
The actuator (2c) being arranged between bottom plate (2a) and top plate (2b) is vertical actuator, and vertical actuator includes the first vertical actuation
Device (2c11), the second vertical actuator (2c12) and actuator of nodding (2c10)；Between squab panel (2d) and the side top plate (2b)
The actuator (2c) of setting is longitudinal actuator (2c2)；The bottom plate upper surface (2a) and the top plate lower surface (2b) setting gusset it
Between between the actuator (2c) that is arranged be lateral actuator (2c3)；It is symmetrical at left and right sides of described bottom plate (2a) longitudinal center line
Upper surface, pass through the first fixing seat (3) and the first vertical actuator (2c11) and the second vertical actuator (2c12) respectively
The upper surface of lower surface connection, the first vertical actuator (2c11) and the second vertical actuator (2c12) is respectively and under top plate (2b)
The both ends of surface longitudinal center line connect；On the longitudinal center line of the upper surface bottom plate (2a) a little by the second fixing seat (4) connection
The upper surface of head actuator (2c10), actuator of nodding (2c10) is connected by connecting plate (5) with top plate (2b) long side side
It connects；The nod opposite side of actuator (2c10) of the bottom plate upper surface (2a) and setting is fixedly connected with the rear wall vertical with bottom plate (2a)
Plate (2d)；Longitudinal actuator (2c2) there are two connections between the top of the squab panel (2d) and the side of top plate (2b), two
A longitudinal direction actuator (2c2) respectively with squab panel (2d) and top plate (2b) is vertical connect；The gusset includes the first gusset
(2e) and the second gusset (2f)；In the bottom plate close to the first vertical actuator (2c11) or the second vertical actuator (2c12) side
The upper surface of (2a) is fixedly connected with the first gusset (2e), and the first gusset (2e) is in the first vertical actuator (2c11) and second
On the line of vertical actuator (2c12), the first gusset upper surface (2e) is fixedly connected with the lower surface top plate (2b)；In side top plate
The lower surface of (2b) and the opposite side of the first gusset (2e) are fixedly connected with the second gusset (2f).
3. a kind of train body center of gravity as claimed in claim 2 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
First gusset (2e) includes in the lower section plate of rectangle, in down big up small trapezoidal middle section plate and in the upper section plate of rectangle, lower section
Plate, middle section plate and upper section plate are one；Second gusset (2f) along longitudinal center line two sides be arranged there are two, the second gusset
(2f) is in up big and down small trapezoidal.
4. a kind of train body center of gravity as claimed in claim 2 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
The lower surface of top plate (2b) has been respectively fixedly connected with a stiffening plate (6), the length of stiffening plate (6) along longitudinal center line two sides
Less than or equal to the length of top plate (2b), second gusset (2f) is fixedly connected on stiffening plate (6) lower edge and and stiffening plate
(6) one, is connected with lateral actuator (2c3) between two second gussets (2f) by fixing piece, the first vertical actuator
(2c11) and the second vertical actuator (2c12) are in the space that two stiffening plates (6) and top plate (2b) are formed.
5. a kind of train body center of gravity as described in claim 1 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
Actuator (2c) is double flexural pivot hydraulic actuators.
6. a kind of train body center of gravity as described in claim 1 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
The bottom of squab panel (2d) is provided with support claw；It is provided with and reinforcement squab panel (2d) triangular in shape in the upper surface bottom plate (2a)
Column (7).
7. a kind of train body center of gravity as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: institute
The upper surface interval for the top plate (2b) stated is provided with T-slot.
8. a kind of train body center of gravity as claimed in claim 1 or 2 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that:
Support device is also connected between top plate (2b) and bottom plate (2a).
9. a kind of train body center of gravity as claimed in claim 8 and its rotational inertia test apparatus, it is characterised in that: described
Support device includes air spring (2g) and connecting rod (2h)；The lower surface of air spring (2g) is fixedly connected with bottom plate (2a), empty
The upper surface of gas spring (2g) is connect with one end of connecting rod (2h), and the other end of connecting rod (2h) passes through fixing piece and top plate (2b)
Lower surface is fixedly connected.
10. the survey of a kind of train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus as described in claim 1-6,9 any one
Method for testing, characterized by the following steps:
Step 1 lays train body center of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Two train body centers of gravity are oppositely arranged with its rotational inertia test apparatus, so that two train body centers of gravity and rotation
Top plate (2b) in inertia test apparatus is in same plane；Two platform transverse direction actuator installation directions are opposite；
Step 2 establishes coordinate system
1. choosing coordinate origin
The geometric center that selection is located at car body (1) bottom lower surface is coordinate origin O；
2. X-axis positive direction
The axial direction of car body (1) is X-axis positive direction；
3. Y-axis positive direction
The radial direction of car body (1) is Y-axis positive direction；
4. Z axis positive direction
Vertical car body (1) floor upward direction is Z axis positive direction；
Step 3 obtains relevant parameter
Measure the spacing Lx between car body (1) and two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus fixed point；
The distance for measuring two train body centers of gravity and the vertical actuator of rotational inertia test apparatus (2c1) installation site is Ly；
The weight mg of top plate (2b)；
The weight Mg of car body (1)；
The first vertical actuator (2c11) in two test devices, the second vertical actuator (2c12) are read respectively and are laterally made
The power of the power of dynamic device (2c3), the first vertical actuator (2c11) and the second vertical actuator (2c12) uses F respectively1、F2And F3、F4
It indicates；Lateral actuator (2c3) power in two test devices uses F respectively5、F6It indicates；
Wherein: length unit are as follows: mm；Unit of weight are as follows: kg；The unit of power are as follows: kN；
Step 4 calculates top plate (2b) center of gravity Og (xg0、yg0、zg0) in xg0、yg0Coordinate
According to the parameter of the acquisition of step 3, square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The collated center of gravity x for obtaining top plate (2b)g0And yg0The distance of geometric distance center of gravity are as follows:
Step 5 installs car body to be measured (1) additional
Two bogie junction positions of car body to be measured (1) are fixed with two train body centers of gravity and rotational inertia test apparatus
Connection；
Step 6 calculates car body (1) center of gravity Oc (xc0、yco、zc0) in xc0、ycoCoordinate
After step 5 installs car body (1) additional, lateral actuator (2C3) and longitudinal actuator (2C2) is respectively started, then
Square of the O point around y-axis direction has:
O point has around the square of x-axis direction:
The distance of collated center of gravity x and y the geometric distance center of gravity for obtaining car body (1) are as follows:
Step 7 calculates top plate (2b) and car body (1) Z-direction center-of-gravity value
Start the first vertical actuator (2c11), the second vertical actuator (2c12) and lateral actuator (2c3), car body (1) around
When center of rotation O rotation θ is spent, Oc, Og are respectively the center of gravity of car body (1) and top plate (2b), and the first vertical actuator (2c11) is used
AA ' is indicated, the second vertical actuator (2c12) is indicated with BB ', and lateral actuator (2c3) is indicated with CC '；After rotation, described
One vertical actuator (2c11), the second vertical actuator (2c12) and lateral actuator (2c3) fixing end A, B, C are motionless, only
Extension end A ' is moved to A ", and B ' is moved to B ", and C ' is moved to C ", and Oc ' is moved to Oc ", and Og ' is moved to Og "；
For triangle AA ' A ":
In formula: h0Indicate the height of top plate (2b)；
Have using the cosine law:
In formula: θfIndicate ∠ A ' AA " degree；
h1Height of the expression bottom plate lower surface (2a) to the lower surface top plate (2b)；
LAA”Indicate the distance between AA "；
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
LAA’Indicate the distance between AA '；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the vertical actuator in left sidef。
Similarly for triangle BB ' B ":
In formula: θrIndicate ∠ B ' BB " degree；
LBB”Indicate the distance between BB "；
By above formula it can be concluded that the deflection angle θ of the second vertical actuator (2c12)r；
Similarly for triangle CC'C ":
Wherein, θhIndicate ∠ C ' CC " degree；
LOC’Distance of the expression 1 chassis center of car body to lateral actuator extension end；
LCC”Indicate the distance between CC "；
LCC’Indicate the distance between CC '；
The deflection angle θ of lateral actuator is exported by above formulah；
Actuator (2c11) power vertical for first:
F14=F1+F4
Actuator (2c12) power vertical for second:
F23=F2+F3
For lateral actuator (2c3) power:
F56=F5+F6
F14Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
In formula:
LOA’Indicate the distance between OA '；
F23Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
F56Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Right side top plate (2b) cross force F6Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Left side top plate (2b) cross force F5Square is taken to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
hcHeight of the lateral actuator 2c fixing end center of expression to the lower surface top plate 2b；
LCIndicate lateral actuator extension end the distance between to the vertical median plane of hull bottom plate.
Top plate (2b) mg takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
Car body (1) weight Mg takes square to have center of rotation O:
Wherein:
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available ZCO。
When there is no installation car body (1):
According to ∑ Mo=0 has:
Available Zgo
Step 8 measures car body around x-axis rotary inertia
Bit andits control is used to car body (1) lower part actuator, is interlocked stretching motion with identical sinusoidal excitation respectively, to car body into
Row load；When i-th of Frequency point measures, the displacement excitation signal of actuator is
The force signal that actuator force snesor measures is fi=Fisin (ω i t), just obtains different frequencies by the measurement of N number of Frequency point
Rate lower body averages the rotary inertia for obtaining car body around X-axis to the N number of result measured around the rotary inertia value of X-axis.
Wherein, OX is the rotating shaft of car body (1) and train body center of gravity and its rotational inertia test apparatus (2) entirety；
Xi, Fi are respectively the amplitude of displacement excitation signal and actuator x value feedback；
Car body exciting is in the process α around the relative angular displacement of X-axis；
Car body is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis1X；
Top plate is J around the rotary inertia of itself X-axis2；
Top plate and car body are whole around OXThe rotary inertia of axis is JX；
According to law of rotation:
By above formula calculate car body around O1The rotary inertia of X-axis:
In formula, Mg is the quality for being tested car body (1), and mg is the quality of top plate (2b), h2For car body (1) center of gravity to shaft OX away from
From h3For the distance of top plate (2b) center of gravity to shaft OX.
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| CN110926696A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-03-27 | 北京新立机械有限责任公司 | Mass center measuring device for large special vehicle |
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