CN109957189B - High-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L27/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L27/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L27/04—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
- C08L27/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
- H01B3/443—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from vinylhalogenides or other halogenoethylenic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2217—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of magnesium
- C08K2003/2224—Magnesium hydroxide
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/20—Oxides; Hydroxides
- C08K3/22—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
- C08K2003/2227—Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/38—Boron-containing compounds
- C08K2003/387—Borates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/10—Transparent films; Clear coatings; Transparent materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/20—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets
- C08L2203/202—Applications use in electrical or conductive gadgets use in electrical wires or wirecoating
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials of the high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic comprise the following components in parts by weight: 100 parts of PVC resin, 40-60 parts of plasticizer, 70-90 parts of flame retardant, 8-12 parts of heat stabilizer, 10-20 parts of smoke suppressant, 1.2-2.5 parts of processing aid and 0.3-0.6 part of antioxidant. The high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic disclosed by the invention is extruded into 1 multiplied by 59mm2The light transmittance of the medium-voltage power cable can reach more than 60 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wire and cable materials and preparation methods thereof, in particular to high-light-transmittance, low-smoke, low-halogen and high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polyvinyl chloride has the advantages of excellent performance, high production efficiency, low price and the like, and is widely applied to various electric wires in the electric wire and cable industry, in particular to a power cable sheath. In recent years, studies on many examples of fire accidents have shown that: more than half of the fire-risk deaths are caused by smoke rather than heat and combustion, thus placing demands on the amount of smoke generated when the wire and cable materials are burned. Polyvinyl chloride is one of many species that pose a smoke hazard, most common flame retardants used in soft polyvinyl chloride, while effective in controlling flaming combustion, increase smoke generation, and even hard polyvinyl chloride, which is inherently flame retardant, produces significant smoke. In public places with dense people and smoke, such as large-scale stadiums, subways, high-rise buildings and the like, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material is gradually used to replace the polyvinyl chloride material.
However, the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material has low production efficiency and poor mechanical property, and has the risk of cracking in the laying and using processes. The low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material also exists in the market, but the smoke density is close to 300, the light transmittance of the prepared cable is only 30%, and the prepared cable is greatly different from the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material and cannot meet the use requirement. Therefore, the invention needs to invent a low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride material with high light transmittance, which not only can keep the original advantages of good mechanical property, high production efficiency and excellent price of the polyvinyl chloride material, but also has the characteristics of low smoke generation, high light transmittance and high flame retardance, and meets the use requirements of power cables in large-scale public places.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defect of large smoke generation amount of low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic in the prior art when the low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic is combusted, and provides the high-light transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and the preparation method thereof.
To achieve the above objects and other related objects, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions.
The application provides a high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
preferably, the PVC resin is selected from PVC resins with the polymerization degree of 1300-1500.
Preferably, the plasticizer is selected from one or a combination of two of trioctyl trimellitate and dioctyl sebacate.
Preferably, the flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of a combination of two or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide and zinc borate.
Preferably, the heat stabilizer is selected from calcium zinc composite heat stabilizers.
Preferably, the smoke suppressant is selected from a combination of one or more of molybdenum-based compounds, zinc stannate and ferrocene.
Preferably, the processing aid is selected from the group consisting of a combination of two or more of acrylate copolymer, calcium stearate and polyethylene wax.
Preferably, the antioxidant is selected from one or a combination of two of tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester (antioxidant 1010) and tris (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite (antioxidant 168).
The invention also provides a preparation method of the polyvinyl chloride plastic with high light transmittance, low smoke, low halogen and high flame retardance, which comprises the following steps:
A. putting PVC resin, a plasticizer, a flame retardant, a heat stabilizer, a smoke suppressant, a processing aid and an antioxidant into a high-speed kneading machine for stirring;
B. directly feeding the uniformly mixed raw materials into an internal mixer for plasticizing;
C. feeding the material plasticized by the internal mixer into a single-screw extrusion granulator, and uniformly dividing the heating temperature of each section of the single-screw granulator from 120-150 ℃ according to the number of the heating sections;
D. and drying the extruded plastic to obtain the high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Preferably, the jacket temperature of the high-speed kneading pot is set to 95 to 100 ℃ and the raw materials are mixed in the high-speed kneader for 3 to 8 minutes until
The material temperature reaches 100-105 ℃.
Preferably, the setting temperature of the internal mixer is 100 +/-10 ℃, the lifting temperature is 125- & lt 150 & gt, and the discharging temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃.
The high-light-transmittance, low-smoke, low-halogen and high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic provided by the invention is prepared into 1 x 59mm by heating and extruding in a single-screw extruder2The light transmittance of the power cable can reach more than 60 percent, is far higher than that of common low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastics on the market, and is equivalent to that of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated below with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative only and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples 1 to 6
1. Experimental Material
The composition and the ratio of the raw materials are shown in the following table 1.
PVC resin (degree of polymerization 1300) was purchased from Ningbo Temmic; trioctyl trimellitate and dioctyl sebacate were purchased from Kunshan Hefeng; the calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizer is purchased from German bear brand.
2. Experimental methods
A. PVC resin, plasticizer, flame retardant, heat stabilizer, smoke inhibitor, processing aid and antioxidant are put into a high-speed kneading machine for stirring, the temperature of a jacket of the high-speed kneading pot is set to be 95-100 ℃, and raw materials are mixed in the high-speed kneading machine for 3-8 minutes until the temperature of the raw materials reaches 100-105 ℃.
B. The evenly mixed raw materials directly enter an internal mixer for plasticizing, the set temperature of the internal mixer is 100 +/-10 ℃, the lifting temperature is 125-150 ℃, and the discharging temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃.
C. The material plasticized by the internal mixer enters a single-screw extrusion granulator, and the heating temperature of each section of the single-screw granulator is uniformly divided from 120-150 ℃ according to the number of the heating sections.
D. And drying the extruded plastic in a drying barrel at 50-60 ℃ for 2h to obtain the high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic.
Table 1 formulations of examples 1-6
3. Results of the experiment
The high transmittance, low smoke, low halogen and high flame retardant polyvinyl chloride plastics prepared according to the examples 1 to 6 in the table 1 are compared with the existing low smoke, low halogen and flame retardant polyvinyl chloride plastics and low smoke, halogen-free and flame retardant polyolefin plastics in the prior art, namely CVC9022 and CAB5505 produced by Shanghai Kaybolt cable plant Limited, with reference to GB/T8815-2008 standard detection material performance, and the results are shown in the table 2.
TABLE 2 Properties of high transmittance, low smoke, low halogen and high flame retardant polyvinyl chloride plastics
As can be seen from table 2 above, the high-transmittance, low-smoke, low-halogen and high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastics prepared in the above examples 1 to 6 can effectively avoid the possibility of cracking of the sheath during the laying and using processes while maintaining the original performance of the polyvinyl chloride material and having a tensile strength much higher than that of the low-smoke, halogen-free and flame-retardant polyolefin plastics; the oxygen index is far higher than that of the low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic and the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin material in the prior art, and can meet the stricter requirements of flame-retardant cables; the smoke density is small, the light transmittance is far higher than that of a comparative example CVC9022 and is close to that of a comparative example CAB 5505. Therefore, the high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic is excellent in mechanical property and good in flame retardant property, has small smoke amount during combustion, is high in cable light transmittance, can be used as a substitute of low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin plastic, meets the requirement of low smoke amount during combustion of cables used in public places, and simultaneously avoids the defect that the low-smoke halogen-free flame-retardant polyolefin plastic is easy to crack.
While the invention has been described with respect to a preferred embodiment, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and equivalent arrangements, which are equivalent to the embodiments of the present invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and which may be made by utilizing the techniques disclosed above; meanwhile, any changes, modifications and variations of the above-described embodiments, which are equivalent to those of the technical spirit of the present invention, are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The high-light-transmittance low-smoke low-halogen high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in parts by weight:
100 portions of PVC resin
40-60 parts of plasticizer
70-90 parts of flame retardant
8-12 parts of heat stabilizer
10-20 parts of smoke suppressant
1.2-2.5 parts of processing aid
0.3-0.6 part of antioxidant;
the smoke suppressant is selected from one or more of molybdenum compounds, zinc stannate and ferrocene;
the processing aid is a mixture of acrylate copolymer, calcium stearate and polyethylene wax;
the antioxidant is selected from one or the combination of two of tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester and tri (2, 4-di-tert-butylphenyl) phosphite;
the PVC resin is selected from PVC resins with the polymerization degree of 1300-1500;
the plasticizer is selected from one or a combination of two of trioctyl trimellitate and dioctyl sebacate;
the flame retardant is selected from the combination of two or more of aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, antimony trioxide and zinc borate;
the heat stabilizer is selected from calcium-zinc composite heat stabilizers.
2. The preparation method of polyvinyl chloride plastic with high light transmittance, low smoke, low halogen and high flame retardant property as claimed in claim 1, which comprises the following steps:
A. putting PVC resin, plasticizer, flame retardant, heat stabilizer, smoke suppressant, processing aid and antioxidant into a high-speed kneading machine for stirring and mixing;
B. directly feeding the uniformly mixed raw materials into an internal mixer for plasticizing;
C. feeding the material plasticized by the internal mixer into a single-screw extrusion granulator, and uniformly dividing the heating temperature of each section of the single-screw extrusion granulator from 120-;
D. and drying the extruded plastic to obtain the high-light-transmittance, low-smoke, low-halogen and high-flame-retardant polyvinyl chloride plastic.
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| CN110294906A (en) * | 2019-07-19 | 2019-10-01 | 江铜胜华(上海)电缆有限公司 | A kind of low-smoke fireproof cable and preparation method thereof |
| CN110591253A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2019-12-20 | 山西金广丰线缆有限公司 | Low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant PVC cable material and production method thereof |
| CN110820361A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-21 | 思嘉环保材料科技（上海）有限公司 | Method for manufacturing high-light-transmittance PVC coating flame-retardant material |
| CN111825933B (en) * | 2020-08-03 | 2022-02-11 | 苏州兆管鑫塑料科技有限公司 | Flame-retardant wear-resistant PVC composition, PVC silver-ash pipe and preparation method of PVC silver-ash pipe |
| CN113698714A (en) * | 2021-09-17 | 2021-11-26 | 江苏立晟德新材料有限公司 | B2-grade low-smoke low-halogen flame-retardant PVC cable material and preparation process thereof |
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| CN100406514C (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2008-07-30 | 上海电缆研究所 | Semi-horniness flame-proof PVC sheath material for high-voltage cable |
| CN104974378B (en) * | 2014-04-04 | 2018-04-06 | 无锡市英普立阻燃材料有限公司 | Fire-proof smoke suppressor and its cable PVC flame retardancy and smoke suppression polymer |
| CN105778326B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2018-08-28 | 上海凯波特种电缆料厂有限公司 | A kind of communication cable environment-friendly high fire-retardant PVC sheath material and its preparation method and application |
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