CN109957060A - A kind of high molecular polymer, preparation method and the electrolyte comprising it - Google Patents

A kind of high molecular polymer, preparation method and the electrolyte comprising it Download PDF

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CN109957060A
CN109957060A CN201711373103.2A CN201711373103A CN109957060A CN 109957060 A CN109957060 A CN 109957060A CN 201711373103 A CN201711373103 A CN 201711373103A CN 109957060 A CN109957060 A CN 109957060A
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electrolyte
acid
ammonium
high molecular
molecular polymer
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CN109957060B (en
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余意
何凤荣
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Dongguan Dongyang Guangke Research and Development Co Ltd
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Dongguan Dongyang Guangke Research and Development Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F216/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical
    • C08F216/12—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical by an ether radical
    • C08F216/14—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
    • C08F216/16—Monomers containing no hetero atoms other than the ether oxygen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/04—Acids; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C08F220/06—Acrylic acid; Methacrylic acid; Metal salts or ammonium salts thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/12—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols
    • C08F220/14—Methyl esters, e.g. methyl (meth)acrylate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
    • C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
    • C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
    • C08F220/10—Esters
    • C08F220/20—Esters of polyhydric alcohols or phenols, e.g. 2-hydroxyethyl (meth)acrylate or glycerol mono-(meth)acrylate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
    • H01G9/004—Details
    • H01G9/022—Electrolytes; Absorbents
    • H01G9/035—Liquid electrolytes, e.g. impregnating materials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention provides a kind of high molecular polymer, preparation method and the electrolyte comprising it；Shown in the high molecular polymer such as formula (I), it is polymerized by monomer undecenoic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate and vinyl butyl ether；The electrolyte is using the ammonium salt of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I) as main solute, it is compared in similar capacitor product, flash over voltage using the capacitor of electrolyte of the present invention preparation is higher (>=700V), conductivity is more preferable, conductivity variations are significantly smaller after high temperature long-play, and high-temperature stability is more preferable.

Description

A kind of high molecular polymer, preparation method and the electrolyte comprising it
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of electrolyte, in particular to a kind of high molecular polymer and its aluminium electrolutic capacitor electricity Solve the application in liquid.
Background technique
Aluminium electrolutic capacitor is base components irreplaceable in various electronic products, with the development of science and technology, society needs The raising wanted, the requirement for aluminium electrolutic capacitor is higher and higher, make capacitor it is urgent towards small size, long-life, resistance to height The main flow direction development of warm, high voltage withstanding, high frequency tolerant ripple current, Low ESR, low-leakage current.
And cathode of the electrolyte as aluminium electrolutic capacitor, there is the important work for providing oxonium ion, repairing anode oxide film With, and determine the operating temperature range, voltage rating, fissipation factor, impedance, rated ripple current, work longevity of capacitor Life etc., directly affects the performance of capacitor.
Electrolyte composition is complicated, and the main solute and additive up to ten being related to is several.Current main solute is confined to 40 Long-chain polybasic carboxylic acid within carbon, improve the operating temperature range of capacitor, voltage rating, in terms of grow up It is limited.
In recent years, branched carboxylic acids salt due to side-chain radical steric hindrance effect and alkoxy grp polarization, relatively There is higher solvability and stronger chemical remediation ability for linear carboxylate, so that aluminium electrolutic capacitor is with low The advantages that effective impedance, the electric current of resistance to big ripple, thus be widely used.But although branched carboxylic acids salt has than linear carboxylate More advantages, but there are many problems, during prolonged use, each component of electrolyte can occur slowly Chemical change causes phenomena such as reducing such as moisture content increase, conductivity reduction and flash over voltage.With the correlation ginseng of capacitor Number sharply deteriorates, and ultimately causes capacitor failure, reliability is unable to get guarantee.
Therefore, increase main solute main chain segment length, increase the carboxylic-acid functional number for having branch on ortho position, increase main solute Dissolubility in the electrolytic solution, while the functional group for reducing capacitor main solute in long-time use process to the greatest extent decomposes, acyl Amination or esterification are then particularly important.As Chinese patent CN106449113 discloses a kind of aluminium electrolutic capacitor thermosetting Change gel state electrolyte, and specifically disclose the process for preparation of solution system II, using acrylic acid, methacrylate and over cure Sour ammonium reaction；But solution system II is only the part composition of heat cure gel state electrolyte, the preparation of this kind of electrolyte includes Multiple steps, and the performance parameter of any solution system II He the heat cure gel state electrolyte are not recorded in specification.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of novel super-pressure aluminum electrolytic capacitor electrolytes to use main electrolyte, and mentions It is the corresponding super-pressure aluminum electrolytic capacitor electrolyte being adapted to when main solute for this electrolyte, not only performance is obvious for the electrolyte Better than the similar-type products sold on the market, cost is lower than similar product, and can satisfy ultra-high voltage aluminum electrolytic capacitor Requirement.
In order to achieve the above object, one aspect of the present invention provides a kind of high molecular polymer, structure is shown in formula (I):
Wherein, the molecular weight ranges of the high molecular polymer are 10000~100000.
Another aspect of the present invention provides the preparation method of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I), comprising the following steps:
1) reaction monomers undecenoic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, methacrylic acid are added into reaction flask Hydroxyl ethyl ester and vinyl butyl ether, while initiator and solvent is added；It stirs evenly, is then transferred in oil bath at room temperature It is warming up to 60-85 DEG C of sustained response 8-24h；
2) reaction mixture after reaction, is poured into water precipitating, then filters, wash, is dry, obtaining formula (I) institute Show high molecular polymer.
Further, in terms of mass parts, the reaction monomers are 5~20 parts, and the initiator is 0.1~1.0 part, described Solvent is 80~85 parts.
Further, the reaction monomers undecenoic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate The molar ratio of ethyl ester and vinyl butyl ether is 1:0.8~1.2:0.3~0.8:0.8~1.5:1.5~2.5.
Further, the initiator is azodiisobutyronitrile or benzoyl peroxide.
Further, the solvent is tetrahydrofuran, n,N-Dimethylformamide, ethyl acetate, anhydrous methanol, 1 Six ring of oxygen, acetone or acetonitrile.In some embodiments, the solvent is n,N-Dimethylformamide.
The present invention also provides a kind of electrolyte, including main solute, main solvent, secondary solvent and other additives, wherein The main solute is the ammonium salt of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I).
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
Wherein, the sum of weight percentage of each component is equal to 100%.
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
Wherein, the sum of weight percentage of each component is equal to 100%.
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
Wherein, the sum of weight percentage of each component is equal to 100%.
Further, the main solvent is ethylene glycol.
Further, the secondary solvent is selected from ethylene glycol, diglycol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol (DEG), the third two Alcohol, glycerine, n-butanol, n-octyl alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, two Glycol diethyl ether, gamma-butyrolacton, one of polyethylene glycol, butyl acetate or at least two combination.
Further, other described additives mainly include flash over voltage elevator, disappear hydrogen agent or waterproof mixture；That is, its His additive can be flash over voltage elevator, the hydrogen agent that disappears, in waterproof mixture any one, two or three of combination.
Wherein, the flash over voltage elevator is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, the ammonium polyacrylate, polycyclic of the degree of polymerization 300~2400 Oxidative ethane polypropylene oxide, nano silica, polymerized fatty acid, polymerized fatty acid ammonium, polyethylene glycol 400-20000, poly- third One of glycol, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or at least two combination.
The hydrogen agent that disappears is selected from p-nitrophenol, metanitrophenol, paranitrobenzoic acid, inclined nitro acetyl acid, isophthalic two Phenol, hydroquinone, o-Nitroanisole, p nitrobenzyl alcohol, p nitrobenzyl alcohol, ortho-nitroanisole, one in 1,4-benzoquinone Kind or at least two combination.
The waterproof mixture is selected from boric acid ester compound, phosphate compound, mannitol, D-sorbite, xylitol, sugarcane Sugar, phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, phosphorous acid, ammonium phosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, polyphosphoric acid, ammonium polyphosphate One of salt, alkyl phosphate, silicate compound, aluminium salt or at least two combination.
In some of embodiments, the boric acid ester compound is boric acid propanediol polyester gel.
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
In some of embodiments, weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
Aluminium electrolutic capacitor made of electrolyte of the present invention is used the present invention also provides a kind of.
Compared with prior art, the technical effects of the invention are that:
1. high molecular polymer chain length shown in formula (I) is longer and has hydrophilic functional group, can hold onto because long-term Using and generate a small amount of moisture, increase the service life of product；
2. the synthesis mode of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I) is pure, product purity is high, introduces foreign ion than tradition electricity It is low to solve matter；
3. compatibility is good in the electrolytic solution for high molecular polymer shown in formula (I), high temperature performance is excellent；
4. being electrolysed using high molecular polymer shown in formula (I) as the electrolyte of main solute than same type super-pressure on the market Liquid conductivity is high, flash over voltage is high；
5. being assembled into capacitor based on electrolyte of the present invention, the use which meets similar-type products is wanted It asks, and is had excellent performance in its high temperature storage compared to similar capacitor product.
Term definition
The invention is intended to cover all replacement, modification and equivalent technical solutions, they are included in as claim is fixed In the scope of the invention of justice.Those skilled in the art will appreciate that many and similar or equivalent method and material of the present invention Material can be used in the practice present invention.The present invention is not limited to method of the present invention and material.Combined document, patent With one or more of similar material it is different from the application or in the case where contradicting (term defined in including but not limited to, Term application, described technology etc.), it is subject to the application.
It will further be appreciated that certain features of the invention, be it is clearly visible, carry out in a number of independent embodiments Description, but can also provide in combination in a single embodiment.Conversely, various features of the invention, for brevity, It is described, but can also be provided individually or with any appropriate sub-portfolio in a single embodiment.
Unless otherwise stated, all scientific and technical terminologies used in the present invention have with those skilled in the art of the invention's It is generally understood identical meaning.All patents of the present invention and public publication are integrally incorporated this hair by reference It is bright.
Unless otherwise stated, following definition used in the present invention should be applied.For purposes of the present invention, chemical element With periodic table of elements CAS editions and 1994 the 75th edition " Handbook of Chemistry and Physics " it is consistent.In addition, organic chemistry General Principle can With reference to " Organic Chemistry ", Thomas Sorrell, University Science Books, Sausalito: 1999, and " March's Advanced Organic Chemistry " by Michael B.Smith and Jerry Description in March, John Wiley & Sons, New York:2007, entire contents are incorporated by reference into the present invention.
Term "comprising" or " comprising " are open language, that is, include content specified by the present invention, but it is not precluded Content in terms of him.
Term " room temperature " refers to that temperature range is 25 ± 5 DEG C.
Specific embodiment
As described below is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and what the present invention was protected is not limited to following preferred implementation side Formula.It should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art on the basis of the inventive concept, several deformations for making and It improves, belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
The synthesis of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I) and at salt
Reaction monomers are added into the pear shape bottle of 1000mL: 18.40g undecenoic acid, 10.00g methyl methacrylate, 4.30g methacrylic acid, 13.00g hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 20.00g vinyl butyl ether, while initiator azo is added Bis-isobutyronitrile 1.314g and solvent N,N-dimethylformamide 260g.Low speed is slowly stirred 30 minutes at room temperature, then by its turn It moves in oil bath and is warming up to 70 DEG C of sustained response 8h.After reaction, reaction mixture is poured slowly into pure water and is precipitated, mistake Filter, washing, drying, obtain formula (I) product 43.11g, gross production rate 65.62%.
At salt: obtained formula (I) product being configured to 20% ethylene glycol solution, and logical ammonia is at salt.
1 electrolyte prescription of embodiment and its preparation
Process for preparation: 60% ethylene glycol and 22% gamma-butyrolacton are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature to 130 DEG C, 1% boric acid propanediol polyester gel is added, heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, and it is high that 16% formula (I) is added The ammonium salt of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer adds 0.5% ammonium hypophosphite, 0.5% p nitrobenzyl alcohol, uses ammonium hydroxide after being cooled to room temperature PH to 5~7 is adjusted, electrolyte is obtained.
1 electrolyte prescription of comparative example and its preparation
Process for preparation: process for preparation: 60% ethylene glycol and 22% gamma-butyrolacton are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature 1% boric acid propanediol polyester gel is added to 130 DEG C in degree, and heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, is added 10% alkyl ammonium sebacate, 3%7,9- dimethyl -7,9- benzhydryloxycarbonyl -1,11- dodecanedicarboxylic acid, 3% adipic acid, 0.5% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.5% p nitrobenzyl alcohol are cooled to after room temperature and adjust pH to 5~7 using ammonium hydroxide, be electrolysed Liquid.
2 electrolyte prescription of embodiment and its preparation
Process for preparation: 65.5% ethylene glycol and 8% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature extremely 130 DEG C, in 6% polyethylene glycol 2000 is added at this time, heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, and formula is added The ammonium salt, 0.4% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.6% p nitrobenzyl alcohol of 19.5% formula (I) high molecular polymer, after being cooled to room temperature PH to 5~7 is adjusted using ammonium hydroxide, obtains electrolyte.
2 electrolyte prescription of comparative example and its preparation
Process for preparation: 65.5% ethylene glycol and 8% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature extremely 130 DEG C, 6% polyethylene glycol 2000 is added, heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, and formula 16%C32 rouge is added Fat acid, 3.5% ammonium azelate, 0.4% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.6% p nitrobenzyl alcohol use ammonium hydroxide tune after being cooled to room temperature PH to 5~7 is saved, electrolyte is obtained.
3 electrolyte prescription of embodiment and its preparation
Process for preparation: 66.5% ethylene glycol and 6% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature extremely 130 DEG C, 5% POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL is added, heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, and it is high that 21.5% formula of formula (I) is added The ammonium salt of Molecularly Imprinted Polymer, 0.3% phosphoric acid and 0.7% o-nitrophenol are cooled to after room temperature and adjust pH to 5~7 using ammonium hydroxide, Obtain electrolyte.
3 electrolyte prescription of comparative example and its preparation
Process for preparation: 66.5% ethylene glycol and 6% diethylene glycol monobutyl ether are uniformly mixed at room temperature, increase temperature extremely 130 DEG C, 5% POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL is added, heat preservation is cooled to 100 DEG C after 1 hour, opening adjusts moisture, and formula 17%C34 fat is added Acid, 4.5% dodecandioic acid ammonium, 0.3% ammonium hypophosphite and 0.7% p nitrobenzyl alcohol use ammonium hydroxide tune after being cooled to room temperature PH to 5~7 is saved, electrolyte is obtained.
4 performance test of embodiment
Working electrolyte initial performance parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1
Number Moisture (weight %) Conductivity (30 DEG C, ms/cm) Flash over voltage (V)
Embodiment 1 1.0 0.75 740
Reference examples 1 1.02 0.60 725
Embodiment 2 1.02 0.48 708
Reference examples 2 1.02 0.34 685
Embodiment 3 0.98 0.55 715
Reference examples 3 1.00 0.33 697
Using electrolytic capacitor obtained by the electrolyte of the embodiment of the present invention and comparative example after 105 DEG C of high temperature storages, characteristic And variation is as shown in table 2.
Table 2
Electrolyte and the variation of electrolytic capacitor particular product performance parameters can be found from Tables 1 and 2, compared with comparative example, be adopted To high molecular polymer shown in formula (I) as the resulting electrolytic capacitor of electrolyte of main solute flash over voltage it is higher (>= 700V), conductivity is more preferable, and after 105 DEG C of hot operation 2000h, conductivity variations are significantly smaller, and high-temperature stability is more preferable.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of high molecular polymer, structure is shown in formula (I):
Wherein, the molecular weight ranges of the high molecular polymer are 10000~100000.
2. a kind of preparation method of high molecular polymer described in claim 1, comprising the following steps:
1) reaction monomers undecenoic acid, methyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid, hydroxyethyl methacrylate second are added into reaction flask Ester and vinyl butyl ether, while initiator and solvent is added；It stirs evenly at room temperature, is then transferred in oil bath and heats up To 60-85 DEG C of sustained response 8-24h；
2) reaction mixture after reaction, is poured into water precipitating, then filters, wash, is dry, obtaining height shown in formula (I) Molecularly Imprinted Polymer.
3. a kind of electrolyte, including main solute, main solvent, secondary solvent and other additives, which is characterized in that the main solute For the ammonium salt of high molecular polymer shown in formula (I).
4. electrolyte according to claim 3, which is characterized in that weight percentage of each component in the electrolyte are as follows:
Wherein, the sum of weight percentage of each component is equal to 100%.
5. electrolyte according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the main solvent is ethylene glycol.
6. electrolyte according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the secondary solvent is selected from ethylene glycol, a contracting diethyl two Alcohol, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol (DEG), propylene glycol, glycerine, n-butanol, n-octyl alcohol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, One of diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethyl carbitol, gamma-butyrolacton, polyethylene glycol, butyl acetate or extremely Few two kinds of combination.
7. electrolyte according to claim 3, which is characterized in that other described additives include flash over voltage elevator, Disappear hydrogen agent or waterproof mixture；Wherein, the flash over voltage elevator is selected from polyvinyl alcohol, the polypropylene of the degree of polymerization 300~2400 Sour ammonium, polyoxyethylene oxypropylene ether, nano silica, polymerized fatty acid, polymerized fatty acid ammonium, polyethylene glycol 400- 20000, one of polypropylene glycol, POLYPROPYLENE GLYCOL or at least two combination；The hydrogen agent that disappears is selected from p-nitrophenol, nitre Base phenol, paranitrobenzoic acid, inclined nitro acetyl acid, resorcinol, hydroquinone, o-Nitroanisole, p nitrobenzyl alcohol, One of p nitrobenzyl alcohol, ortho-nitroanisole, 1,4-benzoquinone or at least two combination；The waterproof mixture is selected from boric acid Ester compounds, phosphate compound, mannitol, D-sorbite, xylitol, sucrose, phosphoric acid, ammonium phosphate, phosphorous acid, phosphorous acid Ammonium, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium hypophosphite, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, polyphosphoric acid, polyphosphoric acid ammonium salt, alkyl phosphate, silicate compound, aluminium One of salt or at least two combination.
8. according to electrolyte described in claim 3-7 any one, which is characterized in that each component weight hundred in the electrolyte Divide ratio are as follows:
9. according to electrolyte described in claim 3-7 any one, which is characterized in that each component weight in the super electrolyte Percentage are as follows:
10. according to electrolyte described in claim 3-7 any one, which is characterized in that each component weight in the super electrolyte Measure percentage are as follows:
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