CN109956620A - An energy-saving catalytic water treatment device with a power generation capacity of 20-87W/m2 - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an energy-saving catalytic water treatment device capable of generating 20-87 W/m ² of electricity, belonging to the field of waste water resource utilization and energy utilization. The device includes a tank body, a wire, a load, a cathode chamber, an aeration device, an effluent overflow device, an inlet pump, a water inlet pipe, an anode chamber, a carbon rod and a sand separator. The wastewater passes through the electricity-generating microorganisms in the anode chamber to decompose the organic matter in the wastewater and release electrons, and then filter out the particles and anode microorganisms through the sand interlayer, and then infiltrate upward into the cathode chamber, and then further degrade through the aeration device and flow out through the effluent overflow device. Realize wastewater treatment and wastewater power generation. The wastewater flows through the device once, or through a plurality of combined unit devices in series, to achieve the degradation of organic matter and the retention of suspended particulate matter; the supported catalyst on the cathode electrode can improve the power generation capacity and the degradation capacity of pollutants, effectively improving the The water quality of the effluent is high; and the device is simple in structure, convenient in operation and low in operating cost.

Description

An energy-saving catalytic water treatment device with a power generation capacity of 20-87W/m2

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of waste water resource utilization and energy utilization, and in particular relates to a novel water treatment device capable of generating electricity per unit electrode area of 20 W/m ² . In the middle is the interlayer of quartz sand and manganese sand. Wastewater first enters the anode of the device. Under the action of the biological anode, the concentration gradient of pollutants decreases, and is further purified by the filtration and interception of the interlayer and the catalytic action of the cathode. Coupling microbial electricity generation and cathodic catalysis, such as catalytic oxidation of pollutants such as ammonia/COD (chemical oxygen demand), reduction of nitrate nitrogen and oxygen reduction, realizes high-efficiency water treatment.

Background technique

Biological power generation technology is a new technology that has developed rapidly in recent years by combining biological methods with electrochemical technology. When it is applied to the field of wastewater treatment, it can generate electricity while degrading organic matter. Microorganisms can directly convert organic substances in substrates into small molecular inorganic substances such as CO ₂ and H ₂ O, and convert the chemical energy into electricity without emitting pollutants, which is a kind of clean energy. Anodic microorganisms can oxidize organic matter and transfer the electrons released during the oxidation process to electrode materials, which are then output from external circuits in the form of current. The growth of microorganisms requires an anaerobic or micro-aerobic environment to ensure that the final electron acceptor is the electrode rather than oxygen, otherwise the electrons will directly participate in the reduction to produce water. In particular, if organic wastewater is used as the substrate of the bioanode, the organic matter in the wastewater will be degraded by microorganisms, thus completing the oxidative decomposition of organic matter, electron flow and formation of potential gradient. From the perspective of energy and environmental protection, such a process actually realizes the direct conversion of pollutants into electrical energy, and at the same time the pollutants are decomposed, so that the wastewater is not only treated, but also "turns waste into treasure". However, its treatment efficiency of wastewater is low, and the quality of anode effluent generally does not meet the discharge standard and needs further treatment. In addition, problems such as small power output and low Coulomb efficiency also need to be solved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides an energy ^- saving catalytic water treatment device capable of producing electricity of 20-87W/m , and a self-generated electric field electrocatalytic water treatment device is constructed. The technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:

An energy-saving catalytic water treatment device capable of producing 20-87W/m2 of electricity, comprising a pool body 1, a wire ² , a load 3, a cathode chamber 4, an aeration device 5, an effluent overflow device 6, an inlet pump 7, and a water inlet pipe 8 , the anode chamber 9, the carbon rod 10 and the sand partition layer 11;

Wherein, the sand separator 11 is located in the middle of the pool body 1, and the sand separator 11 divides the pool 1 into two parts: the cathode chamber 4 and the anode chamber 9; the anode chamber 9 is located under the sand separator 11, and the anode electrode It is a carbon rod 10, and one end of the carbon rod 10 is connected to a wire; the anode chamber 9 is filled with activated carbon and loaded with electricity-producing microorganisms; the cathode chamber 4 is located above the sand partition layer 11, and the cathode electrode is based on conductive materials and supports catalysts , one end of the cathode electrode is connected to the wire and connected to the load 3, and is connected to the wire of one end of the anode electrode carbon rod 10, thereby forming an external circuit; the aeration device 5 is located at the opening of the cathode chamber 4 and the top of the pool body 1, and is used for the cathode. Air or oxygen is supplemented in the chamber 4 to further promote the catalytic degradation of organic matter in the wastewater; the effluent overflow device 6 is located in the cathode chamber 4, above the pool body 1, below the opening where the aeration device 5 is located; the inlet pump 7 passes through the inlet pipe 8 The waste water flows into the anode chamber 9 from the water inlet pipe 8 through the inlet pump 7, and the electricity-producing microorganisms in the anode chamber 9 decompose the organic matter in the waste water and release electrons, and the waste water is separated by sand particles. The layer 11 filters out particulate matter and anode microorganisms and then infiltrates upwards into the cathode chamber 4, and is further degraded by the aeration device 5 and flows out through the effluent overflow device 6, thereby realizing wastewater treatment and wastewater power generation.

Further, the base conductive material of the cathode electrode is carbon fiber cloth or activated carbon; the supported catalyst of the cathode electrode is a titanium dioxide composite catalyst, a catalyst containing Fe, Mn, Zn, C, F, and O elements.

Further, the filling rate of the activated carbon in the anode chamber 9 is 40% to 95%.

Further, the sand interlayer 11 is quartz sand, manganese sand or a mixture of the two.

Further, the load 3 is a resistance of 100-1000Ω.

Further, a saturated calomel electrode is inserted in parallel with the anode electrode carbon rod 10 as a reference electrode, a data acquisition card is connected to the carbon rod 10 and the reference electrode, and the potential data of the anode is collected in real time; Enter the data acquisition card to collect the potential data of the battery in real time.

Further, the shape of the pool body 1 is a horizontal tube shape, a column shape, a square shape or a multi-layer composite structure.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: The present invention provides an energy-saving catalytic water treatment device capable of producing electricity of 20-87W/m ² , the device can be composed of multiple layers or multiple combined units, and the overall shell can be made of materials such as cement, PVC, glass fiber reinforced plastic, etc. ; The device selects different shapes of pools according to the needs, flexibly controls the hydraulic retention time and path, and improves the degradation and transformation of organic matter in the wastewater; the cheap sand layer replaces the proton exchange membrane, which not only reduces the cost, but also plays a role in filtration of wastewater , intercepting large particulate matter and anode microorganisms, which is conducive to improving the quality of effluent; the catalytic action of the cathode electrode further improves the effect of wastewater treatment, and at the same time, the biological anode generates electricity to alleviate the pollution of the cathode; and the device has a simple structure and is easy to operate.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the design of a horizontal tube type water treatment device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the design of a columnar pool-shaped water treatment device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design of a secondary series device of a square pond water treatment device of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the COD removal performance diagram of the present invention, the abscissa represents time, the unit d; the ordinate represents the effluent concentration and removal efficiency, the unit mg/L and %; the square and the circle point represent the COD effluent concentration, and the inverted triangle and the diamond represent COD removal efficiency.

Figure 5 is the potential diagram of the horizontal tube water treatment device, the abscissa represents the time, the unit d; the ordinate represents the voltage, the unit V; the circle and the inverted triangle represent the battery potential, and the positive triangle and the diamond represent the anode potential. .

In the figure: 1 tank body; 2 wires; 3 load; 4 cathode chamber; 5 aeration device; 6 water overflow device; 7 water pump; 8 water inlet pipe; 9 anode chamber; 10 carbon rod;

Detailed ways

The specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the technical solutions and the accompanying drawings.

Example 1: A horizontal tube water treatment device

1, this embodiment is a horizontal tube water treatment device, which is composed of a pool body 1, a lead 2, a load 3, a cathode chamber 4, an aeration device 5, an effluent overflow device 6, an inlet pump 7, The water inlet pipe 8, the anode chamber 9, the carbon rod 10 and the sand partition layer 11 are composed. The design size of the device is Ф10.5cm×0.6m, and the total effective volume is 4L.

Among them, the sand separator 11 is located in the middle of the pool body 1, and the sand separator 11 divides the pool 1 into two parts: the cathode chamber 4 and the anode chamber 9, and the design size of the sand separator 11 is 10cm×1.3cm×0.6m ; The filler is a mixture of quartz sand and manganese sand at 1:1, 0.5-1mm, and the filling rate is 100%.

The anode chamber 9 is located at the lower part of the tank body, the anode chamber 9 is located under the sand grain separator 11, the anode electrode is a carbon rod 10, the size of the carbon rod 10 is Ф8mm×0.4m, and one end of the carbon rod 10 is connected to a wire; the anode chamber 9 is used for Filled with activated carbon particles, 3-5mm, the filling rate is 40% to 95%, the anode as a whole contains carbon rods, activated carbon, and microorganisms; a saturated calomel electrode is inserted parallel to the anode electrode carbon rod as a reference electrode. A data acquisition card is connected to the specific electrode to collect anode potential data in real time.

The cathode chamber 4 is located above the sand partition layer 11, and the cathode electrode is based on carbon fiber cloth and supports a catalyst. Commonly used electrode catalysts include titanium dioxide composite catalysts or catalysts containing Fe, Mn, Zn, C, F, O and other elements; One end of the cathode electrode is connected to a wire and connected to a 500Ω resistor, and is connected to the wire at one end of the anode electrode carbon rod 10 to form an external circuit. The cathode wire is also connected to the data acquisition card to collect battery potential data in real time; the cathode chamber on the upper part of the cell body 1 The opening is put into the aeration device 5, and the cathode chamber is provided with a water overflow device 6; the inlet water pump 7 is passed into the anode chamber 9 through the water inlet pipe 8, and is located below the pool body 1; The waste water flows into the anode from the water inlet pipe 8 through the inlet water pump 7 Chamber 9, the electricity-producing microorganisms in the anode chamber 9 decompose the organic matter in the wastewater and release electrons, and the wastewater passes through the sand partition 11 to filter out particulate matter and anode microorganisms, and then penetrates upward into the cathode chamber 4, and is further degraded by the aeration device 5. The effluent overflow device 6 flows out, thereby realizing wastewater treatment and wastewater power generation.

The overflow effluent can be directly used as the influent for secondary treatment, and the reactors of the same type as shown in Figure 1 are connected in series for secondary treatment. The secondary treatment can further purify the wastewater. When treating high-concentration wastewater, it can effectively improve the effluent quality and meet the discharge standards. .

Figures 4 and 5 are the COD removal performance diagram and power generation performance diagram of the primary effluent of the device, respectively. Using different conductive membranes as cathodes, the COD removal rate can reach 60% to 90%, indicating that the device can achieve wastewater treatment and The transformation of quality to energy means the resource utilization and energy utilization of wastewater can be realized.

Embodiment 2 A kind of columnar pool-shaped water treatment device

Referring to FIG. 2 , in the columnar pool-shaped water treatment device, the anode chamber, the multi-medium chamber and the cathode chamber are filled in combination with Example 1 to form a circuit loop. The cathode electrode contains C, F, O, N, Ti metals and other elements. The waste water enters the bottom of the anode chamber through the water inflow push device; the multi-media silo is used as a partition to replace the proton exchange membrane, and the waste water can retain microorganisms and particulate matter while passing through; after the waste water reaches the cathode, it is further purified by the catalysis of the conductive membrane, and the overflow flow device discharge. The system is connected to an external load and connected to a data acquisition card.

When the device treats a chemical wastewater, different conductive membranes are used as cathodes, the COD removal rate reaches 60-95%, the TN (total nitrogen) removal rate reaches 60-90%, and the power generation capacity per square meter of the electrode reaches 20W; when the cathode is illuminated, the The power generation capacity of the electrode per square meter reaches 87W. It shows that the device can realize the effective treatment and quality-energy conversion of wastewater.

Embodiment 3 A kind of secondary water treatment device

Referring to FIG. 3 , in the unit of the water treatment device of the square tank, the anode chamber and the cathode chamber are left and right structures, and the middle is separated by a multi-media compartment. The anode, the separator and the cathode are filled in combination with the inventive scheme to form a circuit loop. Among them, the conductive film assembly is used as a cathode, which contains elements such as F, C, N, O, and Ti metals. The chemical wastewater enters the left anode chamber through the influent flow regulating device, and enters the cathode through the compartment after being acted by microorganisms. The microorganisms and particulate matter are trapped in the anode chamber; the cathode membrane module further catalyzes the degradation of pollutants in the wastewater under the action of the aeration device. At the same time, the cathode is coupled to the MBR, and the water is filtered through the membrane module. When the single-stage water treatment device treats chemical wastewater, the COD removal rate can reach 60-90%. The power generation can reach 20W.

Multi-stage and multi-layer purification units are arranged in the combined device of the unit. The waste water can enter the anode of each unit at the same time, or it can flow through the anode chamber, separator and cathode chamber of one unit in sequence, and then enter the anode of another unit. chamber, partition, cathode chamber; such multi-stage treatment is suitable for the treatment of high-concentration, difficult-to-treat wastewater. The secondary water treatment device shown in Figure 3, when treating a high-concentration and difficult-to-treat chemical wastewater, the ammonia nitrogen removal rate is above 85%, the total phosphorus removal rate is stable at more than 90%, and the COD removal rate is stable at 95% % or more, and the power generation performance is good. It shows that the secondary water treatment device can stably and effectively purify high-concentration and difficult-to-treat wastewater, and realize wastewater resource and energy treatment.

Claims (10)

1. an energy ^- saving catalytic water treatment device for producing electricity 20-87W/m , wherein the energy-saving catalytic water treatment device comprises a pool body (1), a wire (2), a load (3), a cathode chamber (4) ), aeration device (5), effluent overflow device (6), inlet pump (7), inlet pipe (8), anode chamber (9), carbon rod (10) and sand partition (11); The sand separator (11) is located in the middle of the pool body (1), and the sand separator (11) divides the pool body (1) into two parts: a cathode chamber (4) and an anode chamber (9); the anode chamber (9) is located under the sand separator (11), the anode electrode is a carbon rod (10), and one end of the carbon rod (10) is connected to a wire; the anode chamber (9) is filled with activated carbon and loaded with electricity-producing microorganisms; the cathode The chamber (4) is located above the sand grain separator (11), the cathode electrode is based on a conductive material and supports a catalyst, one end of the cathode electrode is connected to a wire and connected to the load (3), and is connected to one end of the anode electrode carbon rod (10) The wires are connected to form an external circuit; the aeration device (5) is located at the cathode chamber (4) and the opening at the top of the pool (1), and is used to supplement air or oxygen into the cathode chamber (4), further promoting The organic matter in the wastewater is catalytically degraded; the effluent overflow device (6) is located above the cathode chamber (4), the pool body (1), and is lower than the opening where the aeration device (5) is located; the inlet water pump (7) The water inlet pipe (8) leads to the anode chamber (9), which is located below the pool body (1); the waste water flows into the anode chamber (9) from the water inlet pipe (8) through the inlet water pump (7). The electricity-generating microorganisms decompose the organic matter in the wastewater and release electrons. The wastewater passes through the sand separator (11) to filter out particulate matter and anode microorganisms, and then infiltrates upwards into the cathode chamber (4), and is further degraded by the aeration device (5) to pass through the effluent. The overflow device (6) flows out, thereby realizing waste water treatment and waste water power generation. ^2. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device of producing electricity 20-87W/m according to claim 1, wherein the base conductive material of the cathode electrode is carbon fiber cloth or activated carbon; the supported catalyst of the cathode electrode is titanium dioxide Composite catalyst, catalyst containing Fe, Mn, Zn, C, F, O elements. 3. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device capable of generating 20-87W/m2 of electricity according to claim 1 or ² , wherein the filling rate of the activated carbon in the anode chamber (9) is 40%-95%. 4. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device for generating electricity 20-87W/m according to claim 1 or ² , wherein the sand grain barrier (11) is quartz sand, manganese sand or a mixture of the two . 5. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device for generating electricity of 20-87 W/m ² according to claim 3, characterized in that, the sand interlayer (11) is quartz sand, manganese sand or a mixture of the two. 6 . The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device capable of generating electricity of 20-87 W/m ² according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5, wherein the load (3) is a resistance of 100-1000Ω. 7. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device of generating electricity 20-87W/m according to any one of claims 1, ² or 5, wherein a saturated calomel electrode is inserted in parallel with the anode electrode carbon rod (10) as a For the reference electrode, a data acquisition card is connected to the carbon rod (10) and the reference electrode to collect the potential data of the anode in real time; the data acquisition card is connected to the wire of the cathode electrode to collect the potential data of the battery in real time. 8. The energy ^- saving catalytic water treatment device of generating electricity 20-87W/m according to claim 6, wherein a saturated calomel electrode is inserted in parallel with the anode electrode carbon rod (10) as a reference electrode, and the carbon A data acquisition card is connected to the rod (10) and the reference electrode to collect the potential data of the anode in real time; the data acquisition card is connected to the wire of the cathode electrode to collect the potential data of the battery in real time. 9. The energy-saving catalytic water treatment device for generating electricity 20-87W/m according to any one of claims 1, ² , 5 or 8, wherein the pond body (1) is in the shape of a horizontal tube, Column, square or multi-layer composite structure. 10. The energy ^- saving catalytic water treatment device for generating electricity of 20-87W/m according to claim 7, wherein the shape of the pool body (1) is a horizontal tube, a column, a square or a multi-layer combination structure.