CN109956512A - Sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system and method - Google Patents

Sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN109956512A
CN109956512A CN201910195767.7A CN201910195767A CN109956512A CN 109956512 A CN109956512 A CN 109956512A CN 201910195767 A CN201910195767 A CN 201910195767A CN 109956512 A CN109956512 A CN 109956512A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
boiler
outlet
seawater
steam
regenerator
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Pending
Application number
CN201910195767.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
岳晨
张世中
童乐
张琦钰
尧舜禹
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics
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Priority to CN201910195767.7A priority Critical patent/CN109956512A/en
Publication of CN109956512A publication Critical patent/CN109956512A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/02Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
    • C02F1/04Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
    • C02F1/14Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2201/00Apparatus for treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2201/002Construction details of the apparatus
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/131Reverse-osmosis
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/124Water desalination
    • Y02A20/138Water desalination using renewable energy
    • Y02A20/142Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/208Off-grid powered water treatment
    • Y02A20/212Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system and method, belong to energy-saving field.The system mainly includes regenerator (1), circulating pump (2), boiler (3), evaporation membrane module (4), solar energy heat collection pipe (5), steam turbine (6), condenser (7), booster pump (8) and fresh-water tank (9).The additional electric energy that the system does not need consumption can work, and with the increase of intensity of solar radiation, fresh water (13) yield is higher;When solar irradiation radiation is lower than certain value, which then stops working.In order to increase utilization efficiency of heat energy, and sea salt fouling blockage is avoided to evaporate fenestra, which recycles the part concentrated seawater (12) that boiler (3) exports, and preheats by regenerator to nature seawater (10) using remaining hot sea water (12).

Description

Sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system and method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system system and methods, belong to energy-saving field.
Technical background
Sea water desalination is to solve island, coastal and regional brackish water important fresh water supply method.According to working principle, Current method for desalting seawater mainly has two class of thermal method and embrane method.The method that thermal method mainly passes through heating, by heating of seawater to one Determine temperature, the method by evaporating or flashing obtains steam from seawater, and the method then condensed to steam obtains light Water, the fresh water quality that this method obtains is higher, lower to the water quality requirement of seawater.But its energy consumption is also higher.Although having at present A little researchers propose to reduce Energy Consumption Cost, but the investment of this method using resources such as sunlight heat, wind energy, low-temperature waste heats A sharp decline has been still needed to operating cost, it could wide popularization and application.
Embrane method, by seawater boost to high pressure conditions, is then passed through using only permission hydrone by consumption electric energy/mechanical energy Semi-permeable membrane seawater is desalinated, one-time investment is low, and easy to operate, low energy consumption, but needs to be replaced frequently membrane module, fortune Row higher cost is also higher to the water quality requirement to desalinize seawater.
With the fast development of membrane technology, the hydrophobic evaporating film that developed recently gets up obtains more and more in the industry Using, due to its high strainability, the steam-purity value obtained by hydrophobic evaporating film is high, much higher than current filters pressing film and Thermal method obtains fresh water.According to test report, the fresh water obtained after hydrophobic evaporation film process sulfuric acid solution, conductivity is not higher than 20 μ S, therefore, the fresh water obtained after the condensation of the steam that is filtered by hydrophobic embrane method can not only be directly used as life fresh water, can be with It is used directly as distilled water.In addition, compared with conventional high-pressure filters pressing film, the long service life of hydrophobic evaporating film, regeneration method It is easy.
Particularly with the island far from continent, electric power resource lacks, and obtains fresh water using above-mentioned thermal method or embrane method, also It needs additionally to configure generator and energy storage device etc. again and carries out external drive.
However the steam grade that hydrophobic evaporating film obtains at present is lower, the more difficult direct recycling of latent heat, therefore hydrophobic The energy consumption of evaporating film preparing fresh is still higher, is currently only used for the more serious corrosive solution of the environmental hazards such as sulfuric acid solution Concentration and recovery field.
Summary of the invention
In view of the above-mentioned problems, it is high without outer electric power regional evapotranspiration film sea water desalination energy consumption in order to solve Island etc., consider There are the renewable sources of energy such as solar energy to general Island.The present invention proposes that a kind of sunlight heat drives seawater desalination system certainly And method.
A kind of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system, including regenerator, circulating pump, boiler, evaporation membrane module, too Positive energy thermal-collecting tube, steam turbine, condenser, booster pump and fresh-water tank.Wherein regenerator include hot side entrance, it is hot side outlet, cold Side entrance and cold side outlet port;Boiler includes seawater inlet, seawer outlet and steam (vapor) outlet;Solar energy heat collection pipe and boiler phase Even;Membrane module includes seawater inlet, seawer outlet and steam (vapor) outlet;Condenser includes hot side entrance, hot side outlet, cold side input port And cold side outlet port;Evaporation membrane module is arranged in boiler, and the seawater inlet of boiler is connected with the seawater inlet of membrane module, film The seawer outlet of component and the seawer outlet of boiler be connected, the steam (vapor) outlet phase of the steam (vapor) outlet and boiler of membrane module Even;Nature seawater is connected with regenerator cold side input port, and regenerator cold side outlet port is connected by circulating pump with boiler seawater inlet; Boiler seawer outlet is divided into two-way: being connected all the way with pump entry, another way is connected with regenerator hot side entrance, regenerator Hot side outlet is connected with environment;Boiler steam (vapor) outlet is connected by steam turbine with the hot side entrance of condenser, condenser Hot side outlet is connected by booster pump with fresh-water tank;Nature seawater is connected with condenser cold side input port, condenser cold side outlet port with Environment is connected;The main shaft of steam turbine and the main shaft of circulating pump are mechanically connected by shaft coupling;The main shaft of steam turbine is also It is mechanically connected with the main shaft of booster pump by shaft coupling.
The working method of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system according to the present invention, it is characterised in that including with Lower process: nature seawater passes through regenerator cold side, is increased by temperature after the high temperature concentrated seawater preheating of its hot side, and go out with boiler After the part high temperature concentrated seawater mixing of mouth, boiler is pumped into through circulation;Evaporation membrane module is arranged in boiler, into hot water The seawater of case is directly contacted with the hot side of film;It partially evaporates, is converted into from liquid identical as ocean temperature after Absorption by Sea Water heat Steam, and diffuse to the cold side of its film by evaporating fenestra, the high temperature concentrated seawater being discharged from boiler is then divided into two-way: all the way Into circulating pump, another way, which then passes through after regenerator preheats nature seawater, is directly discharged to environment.When sunlight heat fills When sufficient, solar energy heat collection pipe absorbs optical heat radiation and constantly heats to the seawater in boiler, and the evaporation generation from membrane module The pressure of steam also constantly increases, when the pressure rise can then push steam turbine constantly externally to do work to a certain extent.Steam The steam exhaust of turbine outlet is cooled to fresh water by condenser, and is pumped into fresh-water tank by pressurization.Steam turbine acting is used respectively In driving circulating pump and booster pump, the additional electric energy which does not need consumption can work, and with intensity of solar radiation Increase, fresh water yield is higher;When solar irradiation radiation is lower than certain value, the steam turbine of the system, which is contributed, to be reduced, hot water Circulating seawer amount in case is reduced, and fresh water is reduced, will be until stopping working under circulating pump and pressurization revolution speed.
In order to increase utilization efficiency of heat energy, and sea salt fouling blockage is avoided to evaporate fenestra, which exports boiler Part concentrated seawater is recycled, and is not only increased seawater in the flowing velocity of evaporation film surface, is effectively reduced evaporation Fenestra is blocked up in film surface seawater excessive evaporation bring fouling, and the problem of influence steam production;In addition, due to being come out from boiler Ocean temperature it is higher, the utilization efficiency of sunlight heat can be also effectively improved using the endless form of part.
Since the system operates in atmospheric conditions, the service life of evaporating film is much higher than conventional high pressure filters pressing seawater Desalinate film.
The working method of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system according to the present invention, in order to guarantee only water steaming Vapour is needed by fenestra using hydrophobic angleαHydrophobic membrane greater than 90 degree, to just can ensure that evaporating film hot side surface and hot sea water The certain gap formed, and steam identical with ocean temperature can be just filled in the gap.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 utilizes sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system;
Fig. 2 evaporating film component internal structure;
Figure label title: 1, regenerator, 2, circulating pump, 3, boiler, 4, evaporation membrane module (4-1, evaporating film, 4-2, evaporation Film hot side, 4-3, evaporation fenestra, 4-4, evaporating film cold side), 5, solar energy heat collection pipe, 6, steam turbine, 7, condenser, 8, increasing Press pump, 9, fresh-water tank, 10, nature seawater, 11, steam, 12, concentrated seawater, 13, fresh water.
Specific implementation method
With reference to the accompanying drawings 1 illustrate the sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system the course of work.
Need to store a certain amount of seawater 10 in boiler before first time runs;
Whether the system runs whether rely primarily on sunlight heat sufficient;
When solar radiation increase to a certain extent when, solar energy heat collection pipe 5 is to the seawater preheating in boiler 3 to certain journey Degree, can generate the steam 11 of sufficient amount and pressure from the evaporating film 4 being arranged in boiler 3, and the steam 11 is saturating by steam Flat 6 externally actings, steam turbine 6 do work for driving circulating pump 2 and booster pump 3, due to the flow of circulating pump 2 and booster pump 8 It is controlled by its revolving speed, is increased with the increase of 6 amount of work of steam turbine.At this point, nature seawater 10 is continuously pumped by circulating pump 2 Enter boiler 3, and the fresh water of production 13 is then continuously pumped into fresh-water tank 9 by booster pump.
With the increase of solar radiation intensity, ocean temperature is continuously improved in boiler 3, and evaporating film 4 generates steam 11 Pressure and flow be also continuously improved, be also constantly pressurized by the amount of work of steam turbine 6, therefore, circulating pump 2 is pumped into hot water The seawater of case 3, and also increased by the fresh water yield of booster pump 8.
With the reduction of solar radiation intensity, the temperature and flow of 3 outlet vapor 11 of hot water used in system case decline, therefore The power output of steam turbine 6 reduces, and circulating pump 2 is pumped into the extra large discharge reduction of boiler 3, the fresh water amount decline that booster pump 8 is pumped into, directly System stalls are reduced to solar radiation.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system, it is characterised in that: the system includes:
The system mainly includes regenerator (1), circulating pump (2), boiler (3), evaporation membrane module (4), solar energy heat collection pipe (5), steam turbine (6), condenser (7), booster pump (8) and fresh-water tank (9);
Wherein regenerator (1) includes hot side entrance, hot side outlet, cold side input port and cold side outlet port;
Boiler (3) includes seawater inlet, seawer outlet and steam (vapor) outlet;
Solar energy heat collection pipe (5) is connected with boiler;
Membrane module (4) includes seawater inlet, seawer outlet and steam (vapor) outlet;
Condenser (7) includes hot side entrance, hot side outlet, cold side input port and cold side outlet port;
Evaporation membrane module (4) is arranged in boiler (3), the seawater inlet phase of the seawater inlet and membrane module (4) of boiler (3) Even, the seawer outlet of membrane module (4) and the seawer outlet of boiler (3) be connected, the steam (vapor) outlet and boiler of membrane module (4) (3) steam (vapor) outlet is connected;
Nature seawater (10) is connected with regenerator (1) cold side input port, and regenerator (1) cold side outlet port passes through circulating pump (2) and hot water Case (3) seawater inlet is connected;
Boiler (3) seawer outlet is divided into two-way: being connected all the way with circulating pump (2) entrance, another way enters with regenerator (1) hot side Mouth is connected, and regenerator (1) hot side outlet is connected with environment;
Boiler (3) steam (vapor) outlet is connected by steam turbine (6) with the hot side entrance of condenser (7), the hot side of condenser (7) Outlet is connected by booster pump (8) with fresh-water tank (9);
Nature seawater (10) is connected with condenser (7) cold side input port, and condenser (7) cold side outlet port is connected with environment;
The main shaft of steam turbine (6) and the main shaft of circulating pump (2) are mechanically connected by shaft coupling;
Main shaft of the main shaft of steam turbine (6) also with booster pump (8) is mechanically connected by shaft coupling.
2. sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: above-mentioned evaporation membrane module It (4) is hydrophobic angleαHydrophobic evaporating film greater than 90 degree.
3. the working method of sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including Following procedure:
Nature seawater (10) passes through regenerator (1) cold side, is increased by temperature after high temperature concentrated seawater (12) preheating of its hot side, and with After part high temperature concentrated seawater (12) mixing of boiler (3) outlet, boiler (3) are sent into through circulating pump (2);
Evaporation membrane module (4) is arranged in boiler (3), and the hot side (4-2) of seawater and film into boiler (3) directly connects Touching;It is partially evaporated after Absorption by Sea Water heat, is converted into steam (11) identical with ocean temperature from liquid, and pass through evaporation fenestra (4-3) diffuses to the cold side (4-2) of its film, and the high temperature concentrated seawater (12) being discharged from boiler (3) is then divided into two-way: entering all the way Circulating pump (2), another way, which then passes through after regenerator (1) preheats nature seawater, is directly discharged to environment;
When sunlight heat abundance, solar energy heat collection pipe (5) absorbs optical heat radiation and constantly adds to the seawater (10) in boiler (3) Heat, and the pressure for the steam (11) that evaporation is generated from the membrane module (4) also constantly increases, when the pressure rise to a certain extent then Steam turbine (6) constantly externally acting can be pushed;The steam exhaust of steam turbine (6) outlet is cooled to fresh water by condenser (7), and Fresh-water tank (9) are pumped by booster pump (8);Steam turbine (6) acting is respectively used to driving circulating pump (2) and booster pump (8);
When solar irradiation radiation is lower than certain value, the steam turbine (6) of the system, which is contributed, to be reduced, the circulation in boiler (3) Extra large discharge reduction, fresh water (13) are reduced, circulating pump (2) and the decline of booster pump (8) revolving speed, until stopping working.
CN201910195767.7A 2019-03-15 2019-03-15 Sunlight heat sea water desalination self actuating system and method Pending CN109956512A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111874977A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-11-03 河海大学常州校区 Modularized compact seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method thereof

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09220031A (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-26 Ebara Corp Environment adjusting facility
CN101955286A (en) * 2010-09-16 2011-01-26 谷水(北京)环境工程技术有限公司 Process for desalinating strong brine
CN102795693A (en) * 2012-08-06 2012-11-28 西安交通大学 Solar energy and wind energy jointly driven sea water desalination system based on LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy utilization
CN106915789A (en) * 2017-02-17 2017-07-04 南京航空航天大学 Sunlight heat water-electricity cogeneration system and its method of work

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09220031A (en) * 1996-02-16 1997-08-26 Ebara Corp Environment adjusting facility
CN101955286A (en) * 2010-09-16 2011-01-26 谷水(北京)环境工程技术有限公司 Process for desalinating strong brine
CN102795693A (en) * 2012-08-06 2012-11-28 西安交通大学 Solar energy and wind energy jointly driven sea water desalination system based on LNG (Liquefied Natural Gas) cold energy utilization
CN106915789A (en) * 2017-02-17 2017-07-04 南京航空航天大学 Sunlight heat water-electricity cogeneration system and its method of work

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111874977A (en) * 2020-07-28 2020-11-03 河海大学常州校区 Modularized compact seawater desalination device and seawater desalination method thereof

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