CN109946525A - A kind of device and method of measurement of Grounding Resistance - Google Patents
A kind of device and method of measurement of Grounding Resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN109946525A CN109946525A CN201910196918.0A CN201910196918A CN109946525A CN 109946525 A CN109946525 A CN 109946525A CN 201910196918 A CN201910196918 A CN 201910196918A CN 109946525 A CN109946525 A CN 109946525A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to geophysics electromagnetic prospecting field more particularly to a kind of device and method of measurement of Grounding Resistance.The device includes a main control unit and multiple measuring units；Main control unit calculates the frequency values that different measuring units use, and frequency values are sent to measuring unit according to the position of measuring unit；Measuring unit controls the electric signal of internal signal sources output respective frequencies, and by control internal switch and Acquisition Circuit come measurement of Grounding Resistance.The accuracy and efficiency of measurement of Grounding Resistance can be greatly improved by the device and method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the devices and side of geophysics electromagnetic prospecting field more particularly to a kind of measurement of Grounding Resistance
Method.
Background technique
Electromagnetic prospecting acquires natural, artificial electric signal using instrument, and obtains sub-terrain mines by signal processing
Hiding and a kind of architectonic geophysical exploration method.The receiving instrument of electromagnetic prospecting in order to receive from ground return electricity
Signal needs to draw two conducting wires from instrument signal input terminal, and each wire connects a rigid conductive body (referred to as electrode),
And electric conductor is inserted into underground.It is whether good in order to judge to contact between electrode and ground, while data are provided for subsequent processing
It supports, the resistance value (referred to as ground resistance) after needing to measure two electric conductor insertion undergrounds.
Current measurement method is usually that instrument internal is utilized to export known DC voltage, then measures grounding electrode and returns
The voltage returned, extrapolates grounding resistance by the known voltage of return voltage and instrument internal.
Above method, which has following defects that different instrument internal signal source voltages are inconsistent, leads to measurement inaccuracy；Because big
The potential difference on ground itself causes DC voltage measurement inaccurate；When more instruments measure simultaneously, the measuring signal of output can phase
Mutually interference, so as to cause measurement inaccuracy；Partial electrode is unpolarizable electrode, and d. c. voltage signal will affect electrode characteristic, is led
Cause subsequent data acquisition unqualified.
Summary of the invention
(1) technical problems to be solved
Based on this, in view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of device and method of measurement of Grounding Resistance, solves
The problem of ground resistance measurement inaccuracy coordinates the AC signal of multiple measuring devices output different frequencies using main control unit
Carry out measurement of Grounding Resistance, to keep ground resistance measurement more accurate, measurement efficiency is higher.
(2) technical solution
In order to solve the above technical problems, the main technical schemes that the present invention uses include:
A kind of device of measurement of Grounding Resistance, described device include a main control unit and multiple measuring units；
The main control unit calculates the frequency values for the output signal that each measuring unit uses according to the position of each measuring unit,
And frequency values are sent to measuring unit；
The measuring unit is used to export the electric signal of respective frequencies with measurement of Grounding Resistance.
Further, the measuring unit includes acquisition unit and circuit units；
The acquisition unit is used to be arranged output frequency, the switch state of circuit units, while acquisition circuit unit exports
Electric signal, and calculate ground resistance；
The circuit units are used to receive the control of acquisition unit, export the electric signal of respective frequencies, execute switch motion.
Further, the circuit units include signal source, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, switch and ground connection
Resistance；
The signal source is used to generate the electric signal of different frequency, and signal source first end and the first divider resistance first end connect
It connects, signal source second end is connect with the second divider resistance first end；
The switch is for connecting or disconnecting the first divider resistance and ground resistance, switch first end and the first partial pressure electricity
Second end, acquisition unit input first end connection are hindered, switch second end is connect with ground resistance first end；
The ground resistance is mainly the contact resistance between grounding electrode and the earth, ground resistance second end with second point
Piezoresistance second end, acquisition unit input second end connection.
Further, the calculation formula of the measuring unit measurement of Grounding Resistance is
Rd is the ground resistance in formula, and R0 is first divider resistance, and R1 is second divider resistance, and V0 is that the switch is disconnected
The signal value of respective frequencies when opening, V1 are the signal value of respective frequencies when closing the switch.
In addition, this method comprises the following steps the invention also discloses a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance:
Step S1: main control unit calculates the output frequency of each measuring unit according to the position of each measuring unit, and is sent to
Measuring unit；
Step S2: measuring unit controls the electric signal of internal signal sources output respective frequencies；
Step S3: measuring unit controls internal switch, and the connection in cut-off signal source and ground resistance acquires and calculates correspondence
The value of electrical signals V0 of frequency；
Step S4: measuring unit controls internal switch, and the connection in closure signal source and ground resistance acquires and calculates correspondence
The value of electrical signals V1 of frequency；
Step S5: measuring unit calculates ground resistance.
Wherein, the step S3 and step S4 being capable of transpositions.
Further, the output frequency that each measuring unit is calculated in the step S1, includes the following steps:
Step S12: initial frequencies initial value F0, frequency interval coefficients R f and frequency number Nf；
Step S12: obtaining the relative position of each measuring unit, and by the sequence of relative position successively to measuring unit from 0
Start to be numbered from small to large；
Step S13: the output frequency Fi of each measuring unit is successively calculated, wherein the variation that Fi is numbered with measuring unit
And change；
Wherein, the calculation formula of Fi is Fi=F0 × Rf(Ni%Nf), Ni is the number of ith measurement unit in formula, and % is to take
Remaining operator.
Further, the signal value for acquiring and calculating respective frequencies in the step S3 and/or S4, includes the following steps:
Step S31: sample rate Rt is calculated according to the frequency values of output frequency, and Rt is at least more than frequency 2 times or more；
Step S32: the sample rate of acquisition unit is set；
Step S33: the voltage signal in N number of period and storage are acquired；
Step S34: the voltage signal of storage is transformed into frequency domain from time-domain using Fourier transformation；
Step S35: the amplitude of respective frequencies is obtained in frequency domain, which is then the signal value of the respective frequencies.
Further, the range of the initial value F0 of the initial frequencies is 0.1Hz~1000Hz, frequency interval coefficients R f
Range is 0.01~100, and frequency number Nf range is 1~100.
Further, when the frequency number Nf is less than the quantity of measuring unit, each measuring unit uses different frequencies
Rate electric signal；When the frequency number Nf is greater than the quantity of measuring unit, part measuring unit has used the telecommunications of identical frequency
Number, the quantity being spaced in position between the measuring unit of same frequency is identical as frequency number Nf.
Further, the position of each measuring unit is obtained or by the locating module of measuring unit by setting manually
Set acquisition.
(3) beneficial effect
Compared with prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. avoiding the influence of potential difference of the earth itself by output ac signal measurement ground resistance, improving ground connection
The accuracy of resistance measurement.
2. different measuring units determine output signal frequency by position, enable multiple measuring unit synchro measures
And do not interfere with each other, improve the accuracy and efficiency of ground resistance measurement.
3. the voltage of independent measurement signal source, it is inconsistent to avoid instrument signal source voltage every time by switching
Or the influence of signal source decaying, improve the accuracy of ground resistance measurement.
4. influence of the DC voltage to unpolarizable electrode characteristic is avoided by output ac signal measurement ground resistance,
Improve subsequent data acquisition quality.
Detailed description of the invention
The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood by referring to the accompanying drawings, and attached drawing is schematically without that should manage
Solution is carries out any restrictions to the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic device of measurement of Grounding Resistance in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is measuring unit composition block diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is circuit units circuit diagram in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a kind of method flow diagram of measurement of Grounding Resistance in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart for acquiring and calculating respective frequencies signal value in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail.Implement below
Example is not intended to limit the scope of the invention for illustrating the present invention.
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.Many details are explained in the following description in order to fully understand this hair
It is bright.But the invention can be embodied in many other ways as described herein, those skilled in the art can be not
Similar improvement is done in the case where violating intension of the present invention, therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Fig. 1 be the embodiment of the present invention in a kind of schematic device of measurement of Grounding Resistance, the device include main control unit and
Multiple measuring units.Main control unit is the PC machine that operation has control software, obtains the position that each measuring unit is laid by local area network
Confidence breath, calculates the frequency values that different measuring units use further according to measuring unit relative position, frequency values is finally passed through office
Domain net is sent to measuring unit.The frequency that measuring unit connect with the electrode of external insertion the earth, and is arranged by main control unit
To measure the resistance between two electrodes, i.e. ground resistance.
It will be seen from figure 1 that the electric signal of one measuring unit can pass through in measuring unit measurement of Grounding Resistance simultaneously
The earth is transferred to the input terminal of other measuring units.It can guarantee that similar measuring unit exports different frequencies using the device of the invention
The electric signal of rate, to eliminate or reduce influencing each other for measuring unit measuring signal.
Fig. 2 is the composition block diagram of measuring unit in the embodiment of the present invention, and measuring unit includes acquisition unit and circuit units.
Acquisition unit includes embedded system and the collection plate with AD, for output frequency, the switch state of circuit units to be arranged, together
When the output of acquisition circuit unit electric signal, and calculate ground resistance；Circuit units include signal source, switch and resistance, are used for
The control for receiving acquisition unit exports the electric signal of respective frequencies, executes the movement connected or disconnected with ground resistance.
Fig. 3 is the circuit diagram of circuit units in the embodiment of the present invention, include in figure signal source AC, the first divider resistance R0,
Second divider resistance R1, switch K1, ground resistance Rd, voltage acquisition port A and voltage acquisition port B.Wherein signal source AC is
CS4373 chip, the amplitude and frequency of output signal are controlled by chip internal register, register Read-write Catrol pin with
Acquisition unit connection；Switch K1 is analog switch, and control pin is connect with acquisition unit；Voltage acquisition port A and voltage are adopted
The signal input part for collecting port B and acquisition unit connects；The value for generally taking R0 and R1 is 1 kilo-ohm.The calculating of ground resistance Rd is public
Formula is R0 is the first divider resistance in formula, and R1 is the second divider resistance, and V0 is described opens
The signal value of respective frequencies when shutdown is opened, V1 is the signal value of respective frequencies when closing the switch；V0 in calculation formula is represented
The output voltage of signal source, since the value all carries out independent measurement in each measurement of Grounding Resistance, so eliminating different letters
The influence of number source output voltage variation, so that measurement result is more accurate.
Fig. 4 is a kind of method flow diagram of measurement of Grounding Resistance in the embodiment of the present invention, is comprised the steps of: in figure
Step S1: main control unit calculates the output frequency of each measuring unit according to the position of each measuring unit, makes each survey
The signal of amount unit mutually interferes minimum；The calculation formula of each measuring unit output frequency Fi is Fi=F0 × Rf(Ni%Nf), in formula
F0 is initial frequencies, and Rf is frequency interval coefficient, and Nf is frequency number, and Ni is ith measurement unit after sorting by relative position
Number, % be remainder operator.Generally preferably take F0=1, Rf=2, Nf=10, then the output frequency of each measuring unit be 1,2,
4,10 surveys 8,16,32,64,128,256,512,1,2,4 ..., are spaced between the measuring unit with identical frequency
Unit is measured, the signal interference generated between the two can be ignored, so that the measurement result of ground resistance is more accurate,
Infinite expanding can be carried out to the quantity of measuring unit according to frequency calculation formula simultaneously, increase the quantity of parallel measurement, improve
Measurement efficiency.
Step S2: main control unit distributes workable output frequency to each measuring unit, and measuring unit utilizes acquisition unit
Into circuit units, corresponding frequency coding is written in signal source register, and controls the electric signal of signal source output respective frequencies；
Step S3: it is turned off using switch K1 in acquisition unit control loop unit, the company in cut-off signal source and ground resistance
It connects, acquisition unit starts to acquire and calculate the value of electrical signals V0 of respective frequencies；Step S4: acquisition unit control loop unit is utilized
Middle switch K1 closure, makes signal source and ground resistance be in connection status, acquisition unit starts to acquire and calculates respective frequencies
Value of electrical signals V1；
Step S5: ground resistance is calculated；The calculation formula of ground resistance Rd is Formula
Middle R0 is the first divider resistance, and R1 is the second divider resistance；V0 is the signal value of respective frequencies when the switch disconnects, and V1 is to open
Close the signal value of respective frequencies when closing；V0 in calculation formula represents the output voltage of signal source, since the value is each
Independent measurement is all carried out when measurement of Grounding Resistance, so the influence of different signal source output voltage variation is eliminated, so that measurement
As a result more accurate.
Wherein, position can be interchanged in the step S3 and step S4.
Preferably, the electric signal of the signal source output respective frequencies is sine wave or square wave.
In addition, the range of the initial value F0 of the initial frequencies is 0.1Hz~1000Hz, frequency interval coefficients R f range
It is 0.01~100, frequency number Nf range is 1~100.
When the frequency number Nf is less than the quantity of measuring unit, each measuring unit uses different frequency electric signal；
When the frequency number Nf is greater than the quantity of measuring unit, part measuring unit has used the electric signal of identical frequency, same frequency
Measuring unit between the quantity that is spaced in position is identical as frequency number Nf or integral multiple for Nf.Specifically, each survey
The position for measuring unit can be obtained by the locating module of measuring unit or be obtained by manual setting, such as GPS.
Fig. 5 is to acquire and calculate the stream of respective frequencies signal value in the step S3 and/or S4 in the embodiment of the present invention
It is comprised the steps of: in Cheng Tu, Fig. 5
Step S31: sample rate Rt is calculated according to frequency values, Rt is at least more than frequency 2 times or more；The value of Rt is generally taken to be
16 times of signal frequencies, the calculation formula of sample rate Rt are as follows: Rt=16 × Fi, Fi is the signal frequency of acquisition in formula.If Rt value
For the sample rate that acquisition unit cannot be arranged, then Rt value is adjusted to the maximum sample rate that acquisition unit can be arranged.
Step S32: by the way that the corresponding code value of sample rate is written to acquisition unit A/D chip register, acquisition unit is set
Sample rate；
Step S33: starting acquisition unit AD acquires data, the voltage signal in continuous acquisition N number of period and storage；N number of week
The calculation formula of phase corresponding sampling number P is P=N*Rt/Fi, and Rt is sample rate in formula, and Fi is signal frequency；
Step S34: being transformed into frequency domain from time-domain for the voltage signal of storage using Fourier transformation, obtains P frequency
The amplitude and phase, each frequency point of point correspond to a frequency；
Step S35: the amplitude of n-th frequency point in spectrum sequence is searched, which is then the signal value of respective frequencies.
In summary, by above-mentioned device and method, the accuracy and effect of measurement of Grounding Resistance of the present invention are enabled to
Rate is higher, and will not interfere with each other between each measuring unit when synchronizing measurement.It should be mentioned that the application discovery is more
Can be generated when a measuring unit synchro measure the phenomenon that interfering with each other be not belonging to those skilled in the art can simply or
It was found that the technical issues of, i.e., proposition the technical issues of could being found based on details in background technique is difficult.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein and belong to technical field of the invention
The normally understood meaning of technical staff is identical.Term as used herein in the specification of the present invention is intended merely to description tool
The purpose of the embodiment of body, it is not intended that in the limitation present invention.Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can carry out arbitrarily
Combination, for simplicity of description, it is not all possible to each technical characteristic in above-described embodiment combination be all described, so
And as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it all should be considered as described in this specification.
Although the embodiments of the invention are described in conjunction with the attached drawings, but those skilled in the art can not depart from this hair
Various modifications and variations are made in the case where bright spirit and scope, such modifications and variations are each fallen within by appended claims
Within limited range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of device of measurement of Grounding Resistance, which is characterized in that described device includes that a main control unit and multiple measurements are single
Member；
The main control unit calculates the frequency values for the output signal that each measuring unit uses according to the position of each measuring unit,
And frequency values are sent to measuring unit；
The measuring unit is used to export the electric signal of respective frequencies with measurement of Grounding Resistance.
2. a kind of device of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the measuring unit includes adopting
Collect unit and circuit units；
The acquisition unit is used to be arranged output frequency, the switch state of circuit units, while the electricity of acquisition circuit unit output
Signal, and calculate ground resistance；
The circuit units are used to receive the control of acquisition unit, export the electric signal of respective frequencies, execute switch motion.
3. a kind of device of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the circuit units include letter
Number source, the first divider resistance, the second divider resistance, switch and ground resistance；
The signal source is used to generate the electric signal of different frequency, and signal source first end is connect with the first divider resistance first end,
Signal source second end is connect with the second divider resistance first end；
The switch is for connecting or disconnecting the first divider resistance and ground resistance, switch first end and the first divider resistance the
Two ends, acquisition unit input first end connection, switch second end are connect with ground resistance first end；
The ground resistance is mainly the contact resistance between grounding electrode and the earth, ground resistance second end and the second partial pressure electricity
Hinder second end, acquisition unit input second end connection.
4. a kind of device of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the measuring unit measurement connects
The calculation formula of ground resistance isRd is the ground resistance in formula, and R0 is described first
Divider resistance, R1 are second divider resistance, and V0 is the signal value of respective frequencies when the switch disconnects, and V1 is to close the switch
When respective frequencies signal value.
5. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance, which is characterized in that this method comprises the following steps:
Step S1: main control unit calculates the output frequency of each measuring unit according to the position of each measuring unit, and is sent to measurement
Unit；
Step S2: measuring unit controls the electric signal of internal signal sources output respective frequencies；
Step S3: measuring unit controls internal switch, and the connection in cut-off signal source and ground resistance acquires and calculates respective frequencies
Value of electrical signals V0；
Step S4: measuring unit controls internal switch, and the connection in closure signal source and ground resistance acquires and calculates respective frequencies
Value of electrical signals V1；
Step S5: measuring unit calculates ground resistance.
Wherein, the step S3 and step S4 being capable of transpositions.
6. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 5, which is characterized in that calculated in the step S1 each
The output frequency of measuring unit, includes the following steps:
Step S12: initial frequencies initial value F0, frequency interval coefficients R f and frequency number Nf；
Step S12: the relative position of each measuring unit is obtained, and by the sequence of relative position successively to measuring unit since 0
It is numbered from small to large；
Step S13: the output frequency Fi of each measuring unit is successively calculated, wherein Fi becomes with the variation that measuring unit is numbered
Change；
Wherein, the calculation formula of Fi is Fi=F0 × Rf(Ni%Nf), Ni is the number of ith measurement unit in formula, and % is that remainder is calculated
Symbol.
7. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 5, which is characterized in that the step S3 and/or S4
Middle acquisition and the signal value for calculating respective frequencies, include the following steps:
Step S31: sample rate Rt is calculated according to the frequency values of output frequency, and Rt is at least more than frequency 2 times or more；
Step S32: the sample rate of acquisition unit is set；
Step S33: the voltage signal in N number of period and storage are acquired；
Step S34: the voltage signal of storage is transformed into frequency domain from time-domain using Fourier transformation；
Step S35: the amplitude of respective frequencies is obtained in frequency domain, which is then the signal value of the respective frequencies.
8. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 6, which is characterized in that at the beginning of the initial frequencies
The range of initial value F0 be 0.1Hz~1000Hz, frequency interval coefficients R f range be 0.01~100, frequency number Nf range be 1~
100。
9. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: when the frequency number Nf is less than
When the quantity of measuring unit, each measuring unit uses different frequency electric signal；When the frequency number Nf is greater than measuring unit
Quantity when, part measuring unit has used the electric signal of identical frequency, is spaced in position between the measuring unit of same frequency
Quantity it is identical as frequency number Nf.
10. a kind of method of measurement of Grounding Resistance according to claim 5, which is characterized in that each measuring unit
Position is obtained by the locating module of measuring unit or is obtained by manual setting.
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| CN201910196918.0A CN109946525A (en) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | A kind of device and method of measurement of Grounding Resistance |
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Cited By (1)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111239496A (en) * | 2020-04-10 | 2020-06-05 | 云南冶金资源股份有限公司 | Portable visual ground resistance measuring device |
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