CN109946204A - A kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle - Google Patents
A kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN109946204A CN109946204A CN201910336658.2A CN201910336658A CN109946204A CN 109946204 A CN109946204 A CN 109946204A CN 201910336658 A CN201910336658 A CN 201910336658A CN 109946204 A CN109946204 A CN 109946204A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
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- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000001093 holography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000486406 Trachea Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011111 cardboard Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of droplet acquisition methods using camera shutter principle, it is solved in droplet collection process, since the time is difficult to control, droplet is overlapped, the phenomenon that even droplet pools big droplet, cause the indexs such as fogdrop diameter, the uniformity error occur, makes to sample invalid problem.The present invention is broadly divided into three phases: the acquisition of first stage droplet, the processing of second stage droplet image, the analysis of phase III data.Equipment needed for the present invention includes liquid carrying unit, droplet acquisition unit and droplet image processing unit；The liquid carrying unit includes air compressor, pressure regulator, water tank, pressure gauge, perfusion tube, spray head；The droplet acquisition unit includes water sensitive paper, upper layer sampling plate, lower layer's sampling plate, plastic slide, bottom plate；The droplet image processing unit includes the composition such as camera, computer.Structure of the invention is reasonable, easy to use, avoids the generation that phenomena such as overlapping, convergence occurs in droplet, realizes the accurate measurement of droplet concentration, can instruct precision spraying operation, reduces pesticide caused by spraying operation and wastes.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle, especially a kind of droplet sizes size
Detection method belongs to agricultural spray research field.
Background technique
During pesticide spraying, the adsorptivity and deposition of fogdrop diameter size relation to droplet.If fogdrop diameter compared with
Greatly, it is poor to be easy to deposit but cover uniformity, and most of droplet is fallen under gravity into soil.If fogdrop diameter
Smaller, the spreadability of droplet is preferable, but too small droplet is easily carried away by the wind, and causes environmental pollution.In addition to this, according to different mists
Dripping diameter has different role, when such as sterilizing 30 μm of droplet or so it is best；80 μm of pest and disease damage or so insecticidal effects are best；As battalion
When supporting agent, it is desirable that while droplet can be attached on target surface, consider to make droplet premature evaporation etc. due to too small again.Therefore it selects
Suitable fogdrop diameter is selected, the droplet covering uniformity for capturing target is more preferable, to reach best control efficiency.
Currently, atomizer mainly has hydraulic type, Pneumatic type, centrifugal and ultrasonic type etc., influence droplet size has
Many complicated factors such as shower nozzle caliber, fluid pressure, gas pressure, centrifugal force and temperature and humidity.It can be seen that for liquid
The acquisition of body droplet is just particularly important.
The acquisition of liquid mist has: dynamic absorption microscope method of reading, photogrammetry and laser grain spectrometer, laser spread out
It penetrates, the methods of laser holography technology.Due to laser grain spectrometer, laser diffraction, these technical equipment of laser holography compared with
For valuableness, so carrying out the measurement of fogdrop diameter using the method that dynamic absorption and photographic measurement combine.Dynamic absorption and photograph
It mutually measures the method combined and mainly uses paper card acquisition method, glass dish sampling method.Which kind of no matter carried out with method, sampling process is more
For blank sheet of paper or glass dish are directly placed in spray head down-sampling.But master's parameter to be tested of the present invention is fogdrop diameter, droplet
The uniformity, if sample time is slightly long, there is overlapping phenomenon in droplet, and causing fogdrop diameter error or even droplet occur can converge
It is polymerized to big drop, becomes invalid sampled point.In view of to shorten the sampling time as far as possible, the present invention is designed according to camera shutter principle
Droplet sampling plate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve, since sample time is slightly long, droplet is overlapped present in sampling process
Phenomenon causes fogdrop diameter error occur or even the problem of droplet can pool big drop, become invalid sampled point, provides one
The method of sampling of kind of fogdrop diameter size, this method have many advantages, such as it is easy to operate, low in cost, to instructing precision spraying to make
Industry reduces pesticide caused by sampling process and wastes, and realizes that accurate sampling is of great significance.
A kind of concrete scheme of the droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle is as follows:
Equipment needed for a kind of present invention of equipment needed for the droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle include liquid carrying unit,
Droplet acquisition unit and droplet image processing unit；The liquid carrying unit includes air compressor, pressure regulator, water
Case, pressure gauge, perfusion tube, spray head；The droplet acquisition unit includes water sensitive paper, upper layer sampling plate, lower layer's sampling plate, plastics
Slideway, bottom plate；The droplet image processing unit includes the composition such as camera, computer.
Further, liquid carrying unit includes air compressor, pressure regulator, water tank, pressure gauge, perfusion tube, spray
Head.Wherein, compressor escape pipe protrudes into water tank, and compression pressure is controlled by pressure regulator；The outlet end of water tank passes through
Transfusion catheter is connected with spray head, is connected equipped with pressure gauge by threeway on liquid-transport pipe-line.
Further, droplet acquisition unit includes water sensitive paper, upper layer sampling plate, lower layer's sampling plate, plastic slide, bottom plate.
Wherein, upper and lower layer sampling plate is incorporated into plastic slide, and upper layer sampling plate is in the upper end of plastic slide, and lower layer's sampling plate is in plastics
The centre of slideway, bottom plate are screwed between the lower section of plastic slide, bottom plate two sides and plastic slide, and water is posted on floor
Quick paper.Upper layer collection plate and lower layer's collection plate size are 400mm × 400mm, and upper layer collection plate is provided with 1 10mm × 300mm square
Shape hollow out frame, lower layer are provided with 7 10mm × 300mm rectangle hollow out frames, while in order to prevent cardboard in spray process because of leaching
Bubble and the phenomenon that bad mechanical strength, paperboard grade (stock) plastic fresh-keeping membrane is wrapped.First with the non-aperture area of upper layer sampling plate by lower layer
Sampling component, is then placed in immediately below atomizer by the covering of sampling plate hollow out frame, and after stabilization to be sprayed, motor 1 drives upper layer
Sampling plate along atomizer X-axis positive direction at the uniform velocity to move, at the time of the hollow out frame of two layers of sampling plate is completely coincident, motor 1
It stops working, the water sensitive paper for being affixed on bottom plate will collect droplet, when the 7 hollow out frame coincidences of upper layer sampling plate and lower layer's sampling plate terminate
Afterwards, lower layer's sampling plate is completely covered in the non-aperture area of upper layer sampling plate left end, and at this moment motor 2 works, and plastic slide is made to turn 90 °
After stop working, motor 1 start again drive upper layer sampling plate at the uniform velocity to be moved along atomizer Y-axis negative direction, equally work as upper layer
After 7 hollow out frames of sampling plate and lower layer's sampling plate are overlapped, stop mobile upper layer sampling plate, at this moment the upper layer sampling plate other end
Non- aperture area lower layer's sampling plate is completely covered, so carry out repeated multiple times sampling.It is worth noting that if moving during this
Dynamic speed is excessively slow, it may appear that droplet coincidence, coacervation, if movement speed is too fast, sampling droplet quantity will be seldom, does not have
Representativeness of sample, sample effect is lucky when test discovery speed is 0.5m/s.
Further, droplet image processing unit includes camera, computer.Wherein, test is acquired to the mist in water sensitive paper
Drop is taken pictures by camera, is obtained droplet and is obtained image data, acquired image is carried out image enhancement processing with computer, later
The partial segmentation of detection zone non-targeted in droplet image is gone out, remaining part is carried out the enhancing of true color image contrast
Processing.Image is transformed into HSB color space from RGB color, using gray-level histogram equalization scheme to channel B
Color is adjusted, and HSB color blend is converted back RGB color again later.
Further, in order to effectively extract droplet region, droplet image is divided using piecemeal threshold method.Piecemeal threshold method is
Several subgraphs are divided the image into, Optimal-threshold segmentation is carried out respectively to every width subgraph.For guarantee can on each subgraph
There is droplet, droplet image is divided into 3 × 3 subgraphs.
Further, droplet sizes calculating is carried out.
Arithmetic average diameter:
Volume median diameter:
Area mean diameter:
Suo Teer median diameter:
Wherein,A certain interval droplet sizes, unit μm；A certain interval droplet sizes number
Further, diffusion ratio (RD) and relative granularity width can be obtained according to quantity median diameter and volume median diameter
(RS).
A. diffusion ratio
Wherein, when RD=1, the same size of the most uniform droplet of droplet；When RD is 0.67~1, it is believed that droplet is relatively uniform.
B. with respect to grain spectral width
Wherein, general RS is the smaller the better, ideal value 0.
DV90 The volume for sampling droplet is sequentially accumulated from small to large by droplet, when accumulating value is total equal to sampling droplet volume
Sum 90% when, corresponding fogdrop diameter.
DV10The volume for sampling droplet is sequentially accumulated from small to large by droplet, when accumulating value is total equal to sampling droplet volume
Sum 90% when, corresponding fogdrop diameter.
Compared with existing scheme, the present invention not only solves mist by the droplet acquisition method of self-control camera shutter principle
It drips since sample time is too long in collection process, droplet overlapping phenomenon occurs, and fogdrop diameter is caused error or even droplet occur
The problem of big drop can be pooled, become invalid sampled point, and also avoid and answer purchasing expensive instrument using other measurement methods
Great number experimental cost problem brought by device.Entire detection operational sequence is simple, and detection speed is quick, and equipment cost is cheap.
Detailed description of the invention
The accompanying drawings constituting a part of this application is used to provide further understanding of the present application, and the application's shows
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of the droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of sampling test；
Fig. 3 is the sampling plate assembling schematic diagram of sampling unit；
Fig. 4 is the sampling plate assembling schematic front view of sampling unit
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of upper layer sampling plate；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of lower layer's sampling plate；
Fig. 7 is the location drawing that water sensitive paper is puted up in bottom plate；
Fig. 8 is placed in the sampling plate component immediately below atomizer；
Wherein, 1. pressure regulator, 2. air compressors, 3. tracheaes, 4. water tanks, 5. perfusion tubes, 6. pressure gauges, 7. atomization sprays
Head, 8. upper layer sampling plates, 9. lower layer's sampling plates, 10. plastic slides, 11. bottom plates, 12. motor, 1,13. transmission gear, 14. pedestals
Bracket, 15. bevel gears, 16. motor, 2,17. water sensitive paper, 18. blank areas, 19. duplicate blocks, 20. spraying ranges, 21. atomizers
Y direction, 22. atomizer X-directions.
Specific embodiment
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the application.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms used herein has usual with the application person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings of understanding.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
As background technique is introduced, the deficiencies in the prior art, in order to solve technical problem as above, this Shen
It please propose a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle.
Fig. 1 is a kind of execution flow chart of the droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle of the present invention.This method is first
So that atomising device is generated droplet, acquires droplet sample using camera shutter principle, using computer by image enhancement, segmentation, then
Fogdrop diameter is obtained by calculating analysis, to extrapolate the physical quantitys such as the uniformity.
In a kind of typical embodiment of the application, as shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 8, a kind of droplet using camera shutter principle
Droplet acquisition component is placed in immediately below atomizer 7 by acquisition method, including inside, wherein droplet acquisition component includes upper layer
Sampling plate 8, lower layer's sampling plate 9, plastic slide 10, bottom plate 11 and water sensitive paper 17, open air compressor 2, and control pressure is adjusted
Device 1 makes 6 pointer of pressure gauge reach scheduled pressure value, and after stabilization to be sprayed, upper layer sampling plate 8 is with 0.5m/s speed along such as Fig. 7 institute
Show that atomizer X-axis positive direction 22 is slided, at the time of the hollow out frame of two layers of sampling plate is completely coincident, stops mobile upper layer sampling
Plate 8, the water sensitive paper 17 for being affixed on bottom plate 11 will collect droplet, when 9,7 hollow out frames of upper layer sampling plate 8 and lower layer's sampling plate are overlapped knot
Lower layer's sampling plate 9 is completely covered in the non-aperture area of Shu Hou, 8 left end of upper layer sampling plate, at this moment turns plastic slide for 90 ° clockwise
10,11 position of bottom plate remains unchanged, and pulls upper layer sampling plate 8 at the uniform velocity to slide along atomizer Y-axis negative direction 21, equally when upper
After 9,7 hollow out frames of layer sampling plate 8 and lower layer's sampling plate are overlapped, stop mobile upper layer sampling plate 8, at this moment upper layer sampling plate
Lower layer's sampling plate 9 is completely covered in the non-aperture area of 8 other ends, so carries out repeated multiple times sampling.
The position that water sensitive paper 19 is puted up as shown in Figure 8 is just overlapped with the hollow out frame of lower layer sampling plate 9, blank area 18 by
In blocking for lower layer's sampling plate be not in droplet, because without putting up water sensitive paper 17；Duplicate block 19 is due to double sampling, the area
Domain will appear covering droplet, thus be also invalid sample region；When atomizer 7 is placed in right above sampling component, droplet sprinkling
Range is circle as shown in spraying range 20.
The water sensitive paper 17 for having acquired droplet is placed in immediately below camera, image information is inputted after taking pictures and calculated by camera
Machine.Computer carries out image enhancement processing, and the partial segmentation of detection zone non-targeted in droplet image is gone out later, remaining
Part carry out true color image contrast enhancement processing.Image is transformed into HSB color space from RGB color, benefit
It is adjusted with color of the gray-level histogram equalization scheme to channel B, HSB color blend is converted back into RGB face again later
The colour space.
In order to effectively extract droplet region, droplet image is divided using piecemeal threshold method.Piecemeal threshold method is by image point
For several subgraphs, Optimal-threshold segmentation is carried out respectively to every width subgraph.To guarantee can there is droplet on each subgraph,
Droplet image is divided into 3 × 3 subgraphs.
Statistics is measured to parameters such as droplet number, area (projected area in plane), perimeter, circularity, coverage rates.
Wherein droplet number is counted using zone marker method；Droplet area is indicated using pixel number in droplet region in image；Droplet week
It distance between pixels and is indicated on long contour line；Spraying coverage utilizes droplet area in image and hundred with entire image area
Divide than indicating.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle, it is characterised in that: required equipment is by liquid carrying unit, mist
Drip acquisition unit and droplet image processing unit composition.
2. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: liquid is defeated
Send unit by air compressor, pressure regulator, water tank, pressure gauge, perfusion tube, sprinkler composition, air compressor is given when work
Liquid pressing in water tank adjusts air compressor output pressure by pressure regulator to make water tank upper end air portion divide
Power rises, and the liquid in water tank is pressed into the liquid-transport pipe-line being connected with spray head by the air pressure of rising, so that liquid is depressed into spray head.
3. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Droplet acquisition unit is made of water sensitive paper, upper layer sampling plate, lower layer's sampling plate, plastic slide, bottom plate.
4. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Droplet image processing unit includes the composition such as camera, computer.
5. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: adopt on upper layer
Collection plate and lower layer's collection plate are the plastic plates of 400mm × 400mm, and upper and lower collection plate is incorporated on plastic slide, and bottom plate, which is placed in, to be adopted
Collect the bottom of plate and plastic slide, water sensitive paper is attached on bottom plate.
6. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: adopt on upper layer
Collection plate is provided with 1 10mm × 300mm rectangle hollow out frame, and lower layer is provided with 7 10mm × 300mm rectangle hollow out frames, plastic plate is used
Preservative film is wrapped, assembling process are as follows: upper layer collection plate plate is put into plastic slide upper end first, lower layer's collection plate is placed in plastics
Among slideway, bottom plate is placed in slideway lower end, and is screwed between bottom plate two sides and plastic slide.
7. a kind of droplet acquisition method using camera shutter principle according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: measurement mist
The physical quantity that dripping can obtain has arithmetic average diameter, volume median diameter, area mean screw diameter, droplet uniformity etc..
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| CN111245999A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-06-05 | 西北农林科技大学 | Auxiliary photographing device and method for water-sensitive paper for mobile phone |
| CN113222925A (en) * | 2021-04-30 | 2021-08-06 | 陕西科技大学 | ImagePy-based water-sensitive paper fog drop parameter measuring device and measuring method thereof |
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