CN109946121B - Automatic sampling device for constant-volume sectional water quality analysis of rainwater - Google Patents
Automatic sampling device for constant-volume sectional water quality analysis of rainwater Download PDFInfo
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- CN109946121B CN109946121B CN201910335701.3A CN201910335701A CN109946121B CN 109946121 B CN109946121 B CN 109946121B CN 201910335701 A CN201910335701 A CN 201910335701A CN 109946121 B CN109946121 B CN 109946121B
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Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic sampling device for constant-volume segmented water quality analysis of rainwater, and belongs to the technical field of rainwater runoff pollution monitoring and water environment protection. The automatic sampling device for the constant-volume segmented water quality analysis of the rainwater comprises an adapter, a sampling bottle, a floating ball, a threaded joint, a rubber tube, a drain pipe, a battery, a floating block, an electrode, a sliding rail, a conductive electrode slice, an electromagnetic coil, a split-flow pipeline, a turnover gate, a rotating shaft, a magnet, a floating tank, a clamping groove, a square communicating pipe, a water collecting tank, a rainwater inlet and an overflow pipe. During rainfall, the rainwater runoff enters the water collection tank through the rainwater inlet, when the rainwater quantity exceeds the designed constant volume of each layer of water collection tank, the turnover gate is closed under the action of buoyancy and magnetic force, and then the rainwater enters the sampling bottle through the diversion pipeline. The rainwater inlet can be connected with a rainwater collector, a building roof rainwater pipe or a road rainwater pipe network inlet, so that the sampling of atmospheric precipitation, roof rainwater and road rainwater is satisfied, and the application prospect is wide.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rainwater runoff pollution monitoring and water environment protection, in particular to an automatic sampling device for constant-volume segmented water quality analysis of rainwater.
Background
With the acceleration of urban progress, the area of impervious ground surface is continuously increased, flood disasters are increasingly frequent, and urban rainwater runoff pollution and rainwater resource utilization are increasingly focused. Because of the accumulation effect of pollutants and the scouring effect of rainwater, the concentration of the pollutants in the initial rainwater is higher, and the current surface runoff and the roof rainwater are directly discharged into a municipal pipe network, so that the pollution load of the municipal pipe network and a sewage treatment plant is higher. Whenever a storm is met, the municipal pipe network is far from the flood discharge capacity, overflow is generated, and natural water pollution is aggravated. The initial rainwater discarding and the later rainwater utilization become an emerging technology for solving the current rainwater runoff pollution problem and the urban water resource shortage problem, and play an important role in reducing the rainwater runoff pollution load and relieving the urban water resource. However, as the initial rainwater quality is affected by various factors, a unified calculation formula does not exist for the discarded flow, the discarded flow is difficult to determine, the rainwater quality change can be effectively measured by the constant-volume segmented water quality analysis of the rainwater, and the method has important significance for scientifically determining the discarded flow of the initial rainwater and protecting the urban water environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention aims to solve the technical problems of automatic sampling of constant volume segment water quality analysis of rainwater, overcomes the defects that manual rain generating operation is needed and constant volume segment sampling cannot be guaranteed in the existing rainwater water quality analysis and sampling process, improves the efficiency and accuracy of constant volume collection and sampling of the rainwater, saves manpower and material resources, and provides a reliable technical basis for scientifically determining initial rainwater discarding flow.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention provides an automatic sampling device for analyzing the constant-volume segmented water quality of rainwater, which solves the technical problems, and is characterized in that: the device comprises an adapter, a square communicating pipe, a rainwater inlet, an overflow pipe, a drain pipe, a plurality of sampling bottles, floating balls, threaded connectors, rubber tubes, batteries, floating blocks, electrodes, sliding rails, conductive electrode plates, electromagnetic coils, a split-flow pipeline, a turnover gate, a rotating shaft, a magnet, a floating tank, a clamping groove and a water collecting tank.
The square communicating pipe is internally provided with a plurality of clamping grooves and a turnover gate, the square communicating pipe is communicated with the adapter, the diversion pipeline and the water collecting tank, and an overflow pipe is arranged on the side wall of one end of the square communicating pipe, which is close to the adapter, and is an inverted U-shaped pipe.
The periphery of the turnover gate is provided with rubber water stopping materials, two sides of the turnover gate are respectively provided with a magnet and a buoyancy tank, and the turnover gate is arranged on the rotating shaft. The rotating shafts are fixed in the square communicating pipes at equal intervals, the rotating shafts are equal in height to the bottoms of the adjacent diversion pipelines, and the rotating shafts are perpendicular to the diversion pipelines.
The electromagnetic coil is fixed on the upper end of the side wall of the water collection tank, which is close to the square communicating pipe, a battery is arranged on the side face of the electromagnetic coil, and an electrode is arranged at the lower end of the electromagnetic coil.
The sliding rail is fixed in the header tank and is located the below of solenoid and battery, is equipped with the kicking block between the sliding rail, and conductive electrode piece is being fixed to the kicking block upper surface.
The shunt pipeline is fixed on the upper surface of the water collection tank, one end of the shunt pipeline is communicated with the square communicating pipe, and the other end of the shunt pipeline is communicated with the sampling bottle through the threaded joint.
The floating ball is arranged in the sampling bottle, the rubber tube is connected below the side face of the sampling bottle, and the water stop clamp is arranged on the rubber tube.
The drain pipe is arranged on the side face of the first water collection tank at the lowest part, and a valve is arranged on the drain pipe.
The upper surface of the floating block is fixedly provided with a conductive electrode plate, and the side surface and the lower surface of the floating block are provided with insulating materials.
In the invention, one end of the adapter is a square interface, the other end of the adapter is a round interface, the round interface of the adapter is communicated with the rainwater inlet, and the square interface of the adapter is communicated with the upper end of the square communicating pipe, so that the connection between the rainwater inlet and the square communicating pipe is realized.
In the invention, a hole with a round-corner rectangular cross section is formed in the turnover gate, and the hole is positioned at a position below the horizontal midline of the gate; the shaft passes through a hole in the gate. When the turnover gate is in an initial state, the part of the turnover gate above the rotating shaft is smaller than the part below the rotating shaft, so that the turnover gate is kept vertical.
In the invention, the upper end and the lower end of the middle line of the opposite side of the turnover gate are provided with the magnets and the buoyancy tanks with the same mass, which is beneficial to the balance of the turnover gate. The magnet is arranged on one side close to the electromagnetic coil, so that the overturning gate can overturn clockwise.
In the invention, the overflow pipe is an inverted U-shaped pipe, so that initial rainwater can be effectively prevented from entering the overflow pipe.
The beneficial effects are that: the automatic sampling device for the constant-volume segmented water quality analysis of the rainwater has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The automatic sampling device for the constant-volume sectional water quality analysis of the rainwater can meet the sampling of atmospheric precipitation, roof rainwater and pavement rainwater. The rainwater inlet can be connected with a rainwater collector, a building roof rainwater drop pipe or a road rainwater pipe network inlet.
(2) The inside of the turnover gate is provided with the hole with the cross section in the shape of the round angle rectangle, and the hole is positioned at the position of the horizontal central line of the gate, so that the turnover gate is beneficial to automatic erection and automatic recovery of the initial state after the magnetic force of the gate is lost.
(3) When the turnover gate is in an initial state, the part of the turnover gate above the rotating shaft is smaller than the part below the rotating shaft, so that the turnover gate is kept vertical. The upper end and the lower end of the opposite side central line of the turnover gate are provided with magnets and buoyancy tanks with the same mass, so that the balance of the turnover gate is facilitated.
(4) The overflow pipe is an inverted U-shaped pipe, so that the use of the valve can be reduced while the outflow of initial rainwater is prevented and the overflow of excessive rainwater is met.
(5) The electromagnetic coil is fixed on one side of the water collection tank, which is close to the square communicating pipe, and the magnet is arranged on one side of the turnover gate, which is close to the electromagnetic coil.
(6) According to the invention, after initial rainwater enters the first water collection tank at the lowest layer, along with the duration of rainfall, when the rainwater quantity exceeds the constant volume designed by the first water collection tank, the rainwater enters the first sampling bottle at the lowest layer through the diversion pipeline, and the rainwater sequentially completes constant volume segmented water quality sampling of the rainwater according to the process. Each turnover gate can seal early-stage rainwater, so that each sampling is not influenced by the quality of the early-stage rainwater.
(7) The invention realizes the constant volume sectional automatic sampling of the rainwater by utilizing the gravity of the turnover gate, the magnet and the buoyancy tank, the buoyancy of the rainwater and the magnetic force generated after the electromagnetic coil is electrified, and has ingenious design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a rainwater isovolumetric section water quality analysis automatic sampling device of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic coil, the battery, the floating block, the sliding rail, the electrode, the conductive electrode slice, the turnover gate, the rotating shaft, the magnet, the floating box, the clamping groove, the square communicating pipe and the water collecting tank in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1-adapter, 2-sample bottle, 3-floater, 4-screwed joint, 5-rubber tube, 6-drain pipe, 7-battery, 8-kicker, 9-electrode, 10-slide rail, 11-conductive electrode piece, 12-solenoid, 13-shunt tubes, 14-flip gate, 15-pivot, 16-magnet, 17-kicker box, 18-draw-in groove, 19-square communicating pipe, 20-header tank, 21-rainwater import, 22-overflow pipe.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 2, the automatic sampling device for analyzing the water quality of the constant volume segment of the rainwater comprises an adapter 1, a sampling bottle 2, a floating ball 3, a threaded joint 4, a rubber tube 5, a drain tube 6, a battery 7, a floating block 8, an electrode 9, a sliding rail 10, a conductive electrode plate 11, an electromagnetic coil 12, a split-flow pipeline 13, a turnover gate 14, a rotating shaft 15, a magnet 16, a floating tank 17, a clamping groove 18, a square communicating tube 19, a water collecting tank 20, a rainwater inlet 21 and an overflow pipe 22.
The adapter 1 one end is square interface, and the other end is circular interface, and the circular interface of adapter 1 is linked together with rainwater import 21, and the square interface of adapter 1 is linked together with square communicating pipe 19 upper end. The square communicating pipe 19 is internally provided with a plurality of clamping grooves 18 and a turnover gate 14, the square communicating pipe 19 is communicated with the adapter 1, the diversion pipeline 13 and the water collection tank 20, and the side wall of one end of the square communicating pipe 19, which is close to the adapter 1, is provided with an overflow pipe 22. The rotating shafts 15 are fixed in the square communicating pipe 19 at equal intervals, and the rotating shafts 15 are equal in height with the bottoms of the adjacent diversion pipelines 13.
The periphery of the turnover gate 14 is provided with a rubber water stop material, and when the turnover gate 14 is in an initial state, the part of the turnover gate 14 above the rotating shaft 15 is smaller than the part below the rotating shaft 15. The upper and lower ends of the middle line of the opposite side of the turnover gate 14 are provided with magnets 16 and a buoyancy tank 17 with the same mass, and the magnets 16 are arranged on one side close to the electromagnetic coil 12, so that the turnover gate 14 can be turned clockwise.
The electromagnetic coil 12 is fixed on the upper end of the side wall of the water collection tank 20, which is close to the square communicating pipe 19, the side surface of the electromagnetic coil 12 is provided with the battery 7, and the lower end of the electromagnetic coil 12 is provided with the electrode 9; the sliding rail 10 is fixed on the water collection tank 20 and is positioned below the electromagnetic coil 12 and the battery 7, a floating block 8 is arranged in the sliding rail 10, and a conductive electrode plate 11 is fixed on the upper surface of the floating block 8; the split flow pipeline 13 is fixed on the upper surface of the water collection tank 20, one end of the split flow pipeline 13 is communicated with the square communicating pipe 19, and the other end of the split flow pipeline is communicated with the sampling bottle 2 through the threaded joint 4; the floating ball 3 is arranged in the sampling bottle 2, the rubber tube 5 is connected below the side face of the sampling bottle 2, and the water stop clamp is arranged on the rubber tube 5.
In this embodiment, the overflow pipe 22 is an inverted U-shaped pipe, which can effectively prevent the initial rainwater from entering the overflow pipe.
In this embodiment, in the initial state of the turnover gate 14, the portion above the rotation shaft 15 is smaller than the portion below the rotation shaft 15, and the turnover gate 14 is in the vertically opened state under the action of gravity.
In this embodiment, when rainfall occurs, roof rainwater enters the rainwater inlet 21 through the rain fall pipe, and then enters the first layer header tank 20 at the lowest level. As the rainwater level in the first-layer header tank 20 and the square communicating pipe 19 rises, the turnover gate 14 starts to rotate clockwise after rising to a certain height under the action of buoyancy. Meanwhile, as the water level rises, the floating block 8 in the slide rail 10, the conductive electrode plate 11 is in contact with the electromagnetic coil 12 and the electrode of the battery 7, the electromagnetic coil 12 generates magnetic force, and the magnet 16 at the upper end of the turnover gate 14 attracts the electromagnetic coil 12, so that the turnover gate 14 is tightly closed. Then rainwater enters the first lowest sampling bottle through the diversion pipeline 13, after the sampling bottle 2 is full of rainwater, the floating ball 3 floats to the bottle mouth to separate the rainwater in the sampling bottle 2 from the rainwater in the diversion pipeline 13, and the rainwater starts to enter the second-layer water collection tank 20. When the rainwater level in the second-layer header tank 20 and the square communicating pipe 19 rises, the turnover gate 14 also starts to rotate clockwise after rising to a certain height under the action of the buoyancy. At the same time, the floating block 8 in the second layer water collection tank 20 starts to rise along the slide rail 10 along with the rising of the water level, the conductive electrode plate 11 is contacted with the electromagnetic coil 12 and the electrode of the battery 7, the electromagnetic coil 12 generates magnetic force, and the magnet 16 at the upper end of the turnover gate 14 attracts the electromagnetic coil 12, so that the turnover gate 14 is tightly closed. At this point, rainwater enters the second sampling bottle via the diversion pipe 13. The rainwater circulates in sequence in the process, so that the constant-volume segmented sampling of the rainwater of other sampling bottles 2 is satisfied. After all sampling bottles 2 are collected, the later rainwater starts to overflow outwards through the inverted U-shaped overflow pipe 22.
In this embodiment, when rainfall stops, the sampling personnel retrieves the sampling bottle 2, then opens the valve of the drain pipe 6 at the side bottom of the water collection tank 20, drains the rainwater in the water collection tank 20 at the lowest layer, slides down along with the falling of the rainwater level in the water collection tank 20 and the square communicating pipe 19, the floating block 8 in the sliding rail 10 slides down along with the falling of the rainwater level, the electrode 9 in each layer of water collection tank 20 is separated from the conductive electrode plate 11 in sequence, the electromagnetic coil 12 loses the magnetic force, meanwhile, the turnover gate 14 turns to the open state under the action of the magnet 16, the floating tank 17 and the gravity of the turnover gate, and the device returns to the initial state after the rainwater in the water collection tank 20 is drained.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the invention, it being noted that: it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. An automatic sampling device for constant volume segment water quality analysis of rainwater, which is characterized in that: the device comprises an adapter (1), a square communicating pipe (19), a rainwater inlet (21), an overflow pipe (22), a drain pipe (6), a plurality of sampling bottles (2), floating balls (3), threaded joints (4), rubber pipes (5), batteries (7), floating blocks (8), electrodes (9), sliding rails (10), conductive electrode plates (11), electromagnetic coils (12), a diversion pipeline (13), a turnover gate (14), a rotating shaft (15), magnets (16), a floating box (17), clamping grooves (18) and a water collecting tank (20);
one end of the adapter (1) is a square interface, and the other end is a round interface; the round interface of the adapter (1) is communicated with the rainwater inlet (21), and the square interface of the adapter (1) is communicated with the upper end of the square communicating pipe (19);
a plurality of clamping grooves (18) and turnover gates (14) are arranged in the square communicating pipe (19), the square communicating pipe (19) is communicated with the adapter (1), the diversion pipeline (13) and the water collecting tank (20), an overflow pipe (22) is arranged on the side wall of one end, close to the adapter (1), of the square communicating pipe (19), and the overflow pipe (22) is an inverted U-shaped pipe;
rubber water-stopping materials are arranged around the turnover gate (14), a magnet (16) and a buoyancy tank (17) are respectively arranged on two sides of the turnover gate (14), and the turnover gate (14) is arranged on the rotating shaft (15);
the rotating shafts (15) are fixed in the square communicating pipe (19) at equal intervals, the rotating shafts (15) are equal in height to the bottoms of the adjacent diversion pipelines (13), and the rotating shafts (15) are perpendicular to the diversion pipelines (13);
the electromagnetic coil (12) is fixed on the upper end of the side wall of the water collection tank (20) close to the square communicating pipe (19), the side surface of the electromagnetic coil (12) is provided with a battery (7), and the lower end of the electromagnetic coil (12) is provided with an electrode (9);
the sliding rail (10) is fixed on the water collecting tank (20) and is positioned below the electromagnetic coil (12) and the battery (7), a floating block (8) is arranged between the sliding rails (10), and a conductive electrode plate (11) is fixed on the upper surface of the floating block (8);
the split flow pipeline (13) is fixed on the upper surface of the water collecting tank (20), one end of the split flow pipeline (13) is communicated with the square communicating pipe (19), and the other end of the split flow pipeline is communicated with the sampling bottle (2) through the threaded joint (4);
the sampling bottle (2) is internally provided with a floating ball (3), a rubber tube (5) is connected below the side surface of the sampling bottle (2), and a water stop clamp is arranged on the rubber tube (5);
the drain pipe (6) is arranged on the side face of the first water collecting tank (20) at the lowest part, and a valve is arranged on the drain pipe (6).
2. The automatic sampling device for analyzing the quality of rainwater isovolumetric segment according to claim 1, wherein: the inside of the turnover gate (14) is provided with a hole with a round-corner rectangular cross section, and the hole is positioned at a position below the horizontal center line of the gate (14); the rotating shaft (15) passes through a hole in the gate (14); when the turnover gate (14) is in an initial state, the part of the turnover gate (14) above the rotating shaft (15) is smaller than the part below the rotating shaft (15).
3. The automatic sampling device for analyzing the quality of rainwater isovolumetric segment according to claim 1, wherein: the upper surface of the floating block (8) is fixedly provided with a conductive electrode plate (11), and the side surface and the lower surface of the floating block (8) are provided with insulating materials.
4. The automatic sampling device for analyzing the quality of rainwater isovolumetric segment according to claim 1, wherein: the upper end and the lower end of the opposite side central line of the turnover gate (14) are provided with magnets (16) and a buoyancy tank (17) with the same mass, and the magnets (16) are arranged on one side close to the electromagnetic coil (12).
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| CN110595843A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-20 | 安徽理工大学 | High-efficient, accurate detachable runoff district |
| CN114088912B (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-22 | 深圳市水务工程检测有限公司 | Fixed city pipe network water source water quality monitoring device |
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