CN109944241B - Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and anchor cable installation method - Google Patents
Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and anchor cable installation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and an anchor cable installation method. The device comprises a base, a barb mechanism and a traction mechanism, wherein the base is limited in an anchor rope hole through the barb mechanism, one end of a traction rope of the traction mechanism extends out of the anchor rope hole to be connected with the anchor rope, and the other end of the traction rope is connected with external power. The method well solves a series of problems that in the existing anchor cable construction process, the anchor cable is difficult to install, the anchor cable body rotates and twists in a drilling hole, the prestress loss is serious, the anchor cable construction efficiency is low, the reinforcement quality is difficult to meet engineering requirements and the like in the traditional orifice pushing installation method. The fixed pulley at the bottom of the hole is utilized, the 'pushing' of the tail part of the anchor cable is changed into the 'pulling' of the head part by a reverse pulling method, the bending and torsion phenomena and difficult installation are avoided, and the construction efficiency of the anchor cable is improved; after the anchor cable is installed, the anchor cable body is in a straight state in the drilled hole, so that the prestress loss in the tensioning process of the anchor cable is effectively reduced, and the anchoring quality of the anchor cable is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and an anchor cable installation method.
Background
Since the introduction of anchor cable technology in the 60 th century of 20 th, the technology has been widely applied to various civil engineering fields, and particularly, the achievement achieved in the aspect of water conservancy and hydropower is more remarkable. At present, the anchor cable is an important technology for supporting and reinforcing a dam foundation, a side slope and an underground cavity of the hydraulic and hydroelectric engineering. The anchor cable is generally formed by bundling high-strength steel strands in parallel, is pushed into a rock-soil drilling hole which is finished in advance in a manual mode, is grouted and fixed at the root, and is tensioned by a jack at the exposed end of the slope so as to apply reverse pressure to the reinforced rock body.
The anchor cable construction is generally carried out according to the following construction procedures: measuring and positioning, pore-forming, anchor cable manufacturing, anchor cable installation, anchor cable grouting, anchor cable grading tensioning and anchor cable locking. After the anchor cable is manufactured, the anchor cable body is pushed into the pre-finished drilling hole in an orifice in a manual mode.
However, in view of the fact that the anchor cable is constructed under complex conditions such as high-steep side slopes and narrow caverns, the following problems exist when the anchor cable is pushed and installed by adopting a traditional orifice in the actual construction process:
1. the anchor rope cable body is flexible, and the propelling movement is difficult:
the anchor cable is composed of steel stranded wires and other parts, and is a tension member in engineering, and the mechanical property of the anchor cable is a linear flexible body, and the flexible characteristic of the anchor cable is more obvious due to the long length (the length of the anchor cable is generally 30-50 m). When the traditional pushing installation is adopted, the force application point of the pushing force can be and only the cable body part outside the orifice. This method corresponds to threading a flexible strip of noodles into a straw. Because the anchor rope is linear flexible body, and there is friction between cable body and borehole wall, the axis thrust of drill way is in the transmission in-process along flexible cable body, very easily buckling the cable body "S" shape, and the friction of the along journey of further increasing the cable body causes the propelling movement difficulty.
Especially, when the inclined anchor cable is installed, the friction force of the hole wall is overcome, the weight force of the anchor cable is overcome, and the traditional hole pushing installation method is more difficult.
2. The anchor cable body is easy to twist and the prestress loss is serious
When the traditional orifice pushing and installing method is adopted, the anchor cable can twist along the axial direction in the pushing process, so that the anchor cable presents a 'twist shape', the distortion blocking of the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe can be caused, the later grouting effect is affected, or the anchor cable needs to be pulled out for repairing and installing again, and even the anchor cable is scrapped.
The axial torsion of the anchor cable body not only can cause the distortion of the exhaust pipe and the grouting pipe, but also can cause great adverse effect on the tensioning of the anchor cable in the later stage. Because the anchor rope body is the distortion state for the frictional force increases in the stretch-draw process of anchor rope stranded conductor, thereby makes the anchoring force take place along journey loss, causes anchor rope prestressing force loss, finally influences the anchor effect of anchor rope.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and an anchor cable installation method, which change the traditional orifice pushing flexible cable body into a hole bottom traction flexible cable body so as to ensure smooth installation of an anchor cable and avoid stress loss during tensioning of the installed anchor cable. .
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device which is characterized in that: the anchor cable comprises a base arranged at the bottom of an anchor cable hole, a barb mechanism arranged on the base and a traction mechanism arranged in the base, wherein the base is limited in the anchor cable hole through the barb mechanism, one end of a traction rope of the traction mechanism extends out of the anchor cable hole and is connected with the anchor cable, and the other end of the traction rope of the traction mechanism is connected with external power.
Preferably, the base is cylindrical, and the base is provided with at least one barb mechanism along the circumferential direction.
Further, the base comprises two half bases with the same structure, and the two half bases are fixedly connected through bolts.
Further, each semi-base is provided with a barb mechanism.
Preferably, the barb device comprises a steel pin and a spring, wherein one end of the steel pin is hinged on the base, and the other end of the steel pin extends out of the base and inclines to one side of the anchor cable hole; one end of the spring is connected with the base, and the other end of the spring is connected with the steel pin.
Further, the traction mechanism comprises a pulley arranged in the base, one end of the traction rope extends out of the anchor rope hole to be connected with the anchor rope, and the other end of the traction rope bypasses the pulley to be connected with external power.
The method for installing the anchor cable by adopting the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device comprises the following steps of:
(1) Drilling anchor cable holes: confirming the position, the direction, the aperture and the hole depth of an anchor cable hole according to the requirements of a construction drawing, and carrying out the construction of the anchor cable hole drilling;
(2) Manufacturing an anchor cable;
(3) Assembling an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: firstly, a steel wire rope passes through a fixed pulley, and then the fixed pulley, a spring and a steel pin are arranged in a reserved groove of a base;
(4) Installing an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: pushing the anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device assembled in the step (3) to the bottom of an anchor rope hole, and shrinking the steel pin under the action of the hole wall reverse pressure, wherein when the device is pushed to the anchor rope hole bottom reaming section, the steel pin is opened under the action of a spring, so that the end part of the steel pin is clamped on the anchor rope hole bottom reaming Duan Yan table, and the whole device is clamped at the bottom of the anchor rope hole;
(5) And (3) installing an anchor cable: one end of the steel wire rope is tied to the inner end head of the anchor rope, the other end of the steel wire rope is arranged at the orifice and is connected with external power, and the anchor rope body is pulled to the depth of a designed hole under the action of the external power and the fixed pulley, so that the anchor rope is installed;
(6) Grouting and prestress tensioning: grouting is carried out after the anchor cable is installed, and the anchor cable is stretched step by step after the grout is solidified.
Preferably, in the step (1), when the anchor cable hole is drilled, drilling is performed according to the designed hole diameter to reach the designed hole depth, and further drilling is performed for 20cm, and reaming is performed for 10cm at the tail end.
The beneficial effects obtained by the invention are as follows: the problems that in the existing anchor cable construction process, the anchor cable is difficult to install, the anchor cable body rotates and twists in a drilling hole, the prestress loss is serious, the anchor cable construction efficiency is low, the reinforcing quality is difficult to meet engineering requirements and the like in the traditional orifice pushing installation method are well solved. Compared with the traditional installation method, the invention has the following outstanding advantages:
(1) The fixed pulley at the bottom of the hole is utilized, the 'pushing' of the tail part of the anchor cable is changed into the 'pulling' of the head part by a reverse pulling method, the bending and torsion phenomena and difficult installation are avoided, and the construction efficiency of the anchor cable is improved.
The mechanical property of the anchor cable is a linear flexible body, and when the traditional orifice pushing and installing method is adopted, the force transmission effect of the pushing force along the axial direction of the anchor cable is obviously reduced. The invention has the advantages that the pulling force is applied to the steel wire rope at the orifice, the pulling force is converted into the reverse pulling force to the anchor rope body through the action of the fixed pulley at the bottom of the orifice, and finally the anchor rope body is pulled to the designed depth of the orifice, and the whole length of the anchor rope body is in a pulled state in the installation process, thereby well utilizing the characteristic of good force transmission effect of the linear flexible body along the axial pulling force. Therefore, the invention greatly reduces the installation difficulty of the anchor cable, improves the one-time installation success rate and the construction efficiency of the anchor cable, saves the construction period and has great significance for slope reinforcement and rescue engineering.
(2) After the anchor cable is installed, the anchor cable body is in a straight state in the drilled hole, so that the prestress loss in the tensioning process of the anchor cable is effectively reduced, and the anchoring quality of the anchor cable is ensured.
When the traditional anchor cable orifice pushing and installing method is adopted, the anchor cable can be buckled and twisted along the axial direction in the pushing process, so that the friction force between the anchor cable and the hole wall in the later-stage anchor cable tensioning process is increased, and the anchor cable prestress loss is caused. Because the invention adopts the installation method of reverse traction at the hole bottom, the whole length of the anchor cable body is in a tension state, and the cable body is in a straight state under the action of the tension force. Because the anchor cable body is in a straight state, the loss of anchoring force along the journey is greatly reduced in the later tensioning process, and the prestress of the anchor cable is ensured to reach the design rated value. Therefore, the invention reduces the prestress loss of the anchor cable and ensures the reinforcement effect of the anchor cable and the construction quality of engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a half of a base;
figure 3 is a schematic view of an anchor line installation;
reference numerals: 100. the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device comprises a base, a fixed pulley preassembling groove, a fixed pulley rotating shaft preassembling groove, a steel pin preassembling groove, a spring preassembling groove, a 15, a bolt hole, a 2, a fixed pulley, a 21, a fixed pulley rotating shaft, a 22, a traction rope, a 3, a steel pin, a 4, a spring, a 200, an anchor cable hole, a 201, an anchor cable hole reaming section, a 300 and an anchor cable.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and the specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device of the invention comprises a base 1 arranged at the bottom of an anchor cable hole 200, a barb mechanism and a traction mechanism, wherein the barb mechanism is arranged on the base 1 and is used for limiting the base 1 at the bottom of the anchor cable hole 200, and meanwhile, the base 1 can be smoothly pushed to the hole bottom from the orifice of the anchor cable hole 200; the traction mechanism is installed in the base 1, one end of a traction rope 22 of the traction mechanism extends out of the anchor rope hole 200 to be connected with the anchor rope 300, the other end of the traction rope is connected with external power, the external power is applied to the traction rope 22, and the anchor rope 300 is pulled to the depth of the design hole from the orifice of the anchor rope hole 200 after the direction of the traction mechanism is changed.
The base 1 is cylindrical, at least one barb mechanism is arranged on the base 1 along the circumferential direction, and two barb mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the base 1 along the circumferential direction in the embodiment.
In the embodiment, the barb device comprises a steel pin 3 and a spring 4, one end of the steel pin 3 is hinged on the base 1, and the other end extends out of the base 1 and inclines to one side of the anchor cable hole 200; one end of the spring 4 is connected with the base 1, and the other end is connected with the steel pin 3. In the process of pushing the anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device 100 from the orifice of the anchor rope hole 200 to the hole bottom, the steel pin 3 is pushed by the wall of the anchor rope hole 200, and is folded towards one side of the base 1, and the spring 4 is compressed; after the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device 100 is pushed to the hole bottom, the steel pin 3 is opened at the anchor cable hole reaming section 201, the steel pin 3 is propped against the rock in the anchor cable hole 200, and the whole anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device 100 is firmly limited at the anchor cable hole 200 hole bottom.
In this embodiment, the traction mechanism includes a pulley 2 (which may be in the form of a pulley block, in this embodiment, since the whole device is disposable and is not recyclable, only one fixed pulley is used to change the stress direction), and one end of a traction rope 22 (which is a steel wire rope) extends out of the anchor rope hole 200 to be connected with the anchor rope 300, and the other end bypasses the fixed pulley 2 to be connected with external power.
The base 1 is the basis of the whole device, and is provided with a fixed pulley preassembling groove 11, a fixed pulley rotating shaft preassembling groove 12, a steel pin preassembling groove 13 and a spring preassembling groove 14, wherein the fixed pulley 2, the fixed pulley rotating shaft 21, the steel pin 3 and the spring 4 are respectively arranged in the corresponding preassembling grooves. In this embodiment, the base 1 is made of cast iron and is composed of two symmetrical blocks, and the single block is semi-cylindrical in shape, 130mm in height and 150mm in diameter (slightly smaller than the drilled hole). The middle part of the base 1 is provided with a fixed pulley reserved groove 11 with the dimensions of 40mm wide by 110mm high by 45mm deep, and two sides of the base are provided with fixed pulley rotating shaft pre-installation grooves 12 with the diameters of 8mm by 10mm deep, so that the fixed pulley rotating shaft 21 is convenient to install; the two sides are provided with steel pin reserved slots 13 with the maximum width of 20mm, the maximum height of 50mm and the depth of 10mm, and the slot bottom is provided with reserved holes with the diameter of 8mm and the depth of 5mm, so that the installation of the steel pin rotating shaft is facilitated; a spring reserving groove 14 with the diameter of 14mm and the depth of 33mm is arranged on the inner side of the steel pin reserving groove 13; bolt holes 15 with the diameter of 6.5mm are formed in the periphery of the base 1. The bolts 15 can combine the bases of the two half blocks into a complete cylindrical base 1 through the bolt holes 15 and restrict the fixed pulley 2, the steel pin 3 and the spring 4 which are arranged in the reserved groove.
In this embodiment, the spring 4 is made of alloy spring steel, and has an outer diameter of 14mm and a length of 40mm.
In the embodiment, the steel pin 3 is made of carbon steel, the dimensions are 45mm long by 10mm wide by 20mm high, one end is semicircular, the diameter is 10mm, and rotating shafts with the diameters of 7.5mm by 5mm are arranged on two sides.
In the embodiment, the fixed pulley 2 is made of carbon steel, the dimensions are 84mm in diameter and 30mm in width, a pulley groove with the width of 20mm and the depth of 5mm is arranged in the middle, and rotating shafts with the diameter of 7.8mm and the height of 10mm are arranged in the centers of two sides of the fixed pulley.
In this embodiment, the steel wire rope is made of a common steel wire, the diameter is not smaller than 4mm, and the length of the steel wire rope is determined according to the depth of the anchor rope hole, and is generally (2 times of the depth of the anchor rope hole and the length of the operation outside the hole).
In the embodiment, the bolt is made of carbon steel, and the diameter of the bolt is 6.5mm.
The sizes of the components listed above are the used sizes in a certain project, and the actual used sizes can be adjusted according to the specific project requirements.
During assembly, the steel wire rope 22 firstly passes through the fixed pulley 2, then the fixed pulley 2, the spring 4 and the steel pin 3 are placed in the reserved groove corresponding to the base 1, then the other base is spliced, and finally bolts are installed in four bolt holes 15 around the base 1 for fastening.
The method for installing the anchor cable by adopting the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device comprises the following steps of:
(1) Drilling anchor cable holes: before the anchor cable construction, confirming the position, the direction, the aperture and the hole depth of the anchor cable drilling holes according to the construction drawing requirements, drilling to the designed hole depth according to the designed aperture (165 mm is taken as an example in the invention) when the anchor cable drilling holes are constructed, continuously drilling for 20cm, and expanding the aperture to 180mm by using a reaming bit at the tail end 10 cm;
(2) Manufacturing an anchor cable: bundling the grouting pipe, the steel strand, the isolation bracket and other parts into a bundle, and loading the bundle into the corrugated pipe after bundling;
(3) Assembling an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: firstly, a steel wire rope passes through a fixed pulley, then the fixed pulley, a spring and a steel pin are placed in a reserved groove of a base, then another base is spliced, and finally bolts are installed in four bolt holes around the base for fastening, so that the assembly of the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device is completed;
(4) Installing an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: pushing the assembled anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device in the step (3) to the bottom of an anchor rope hole by using a drill rod, and shrinking a steel pin under the action of the reverse pressure of the hole wall (the expansion width is equal to the design diameter of a drilled hole), wherein when the device is pushed to the anchor rope hole bottom reaming section, the steel pin expands under the action of a spring, so that the end part of the steel pin is clamped on Duan Yan anchor rope hole bottom reaming blocks, the whole device is clamped at the bottom of the anchor rope hole, and the installation of the anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device is completed;
(5) And (3) installing an anchor cable: one end of the steel wire rope is tied to the inner end head of the anchor rope, the other end of the steel wire rope is arranged at the orifice and is connected with external power (human or machine), and the anchor rope body is pulled to the depth of the designed hole under the action of the external power and the fixed pulley, so that the anchor rope is installed;
(6) Grouting and prestress tensioning: grouting is carried out after the anchor cable is installed, and the anchor cable is stretched step by step after the grout is solidified.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main structural features of the present invention. The present invention is not limited to the above examples, and various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The installation method of the anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device comprises a base (1) arranged at the bottom of an anchor rope hole (200), a barb mechanism arranged on the base (1) and a traction mechanism arranged in the base, wherein the base (1) is limited in the anchor rope hole (200) through the barb mechanism, one end of a traction rope (22) of the traction mechanism extends out of the anchor rope hole (200) to be connected with an anchor rope (300), and the other end of the traction rope is connected with external power;
the installation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Drilling anchor cable holes: confirming the position, the direction, the aperture and the hole depth of an anchor cable hole according to the requirements of a construction drawing, and carrying out the construction of the anchor cable hole drilling;
(2) Manufacturing an anchor cable;
(3) Assembling an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: firstly, a steel wire rope passes through a fixed pulley, and then the fixed pulley, a spring and a steel pin are arranged in a reserved groove of a base;
(4) Installing an anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device: pushing the anchor rope hole bottom reverse traction device assembled in the step (3) to the bottom of an anchor rope hole, and shrinking the steel pin under the action of the hole wall reverse pressure, wherein when the device is pushed to the anchor rope hole bottom reaming section, the steel pin is opened under the action of a spring, so that the end part of the steel pin is clamped on the anchor rope hole bottom reaming Duan Yan table, and the whole device is clamped at the bottom of the anchor rope hole;
(5) And (3) installing an anchor cable: one end of the steel wire rope is tied to the inner end head of the anchor rope, the other end of the steel wire rope is arranged at the orifice and is connected with external power, and the anchor rope body is pulled to the depth of a designed hole under the action of the external power and the fixed pulley, so that the anchor rope is installed;
(6) Grouting and prestress tensioning: grouting is carried out after the anchor cable is installed, and the anchor cable is stretched step by step after the grout is solidified.
2. The method for installing the anchor line hole bottom reverse traction device according to claim 1, wherein: the base (1) is cylindrical, and the base (1) is provided with at least one barb mechanism along the circumferential direction.
3. The method for installing the anchor line hole bottom reverse traction device according to claim 2, wherein: the base (1) comprises two half bases with the same structure, and the two half bases are fixedly connected through bolts.
4. A method of installing a reverse pulling apparatus for a cable bolt hole bottom according to claim 3, wherein: each semi-base is provided with a barb mechanism.
5. The method for installing the anchor line hole bottom reverse traction device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the barb mechanism comprises a steel pin (3) and a spring (4), one end of the steel pin (3) is hinged to the base (1), and the other end of the steel pin extends out of the base (1) and inclines to one side of the anchor cable hole (200); one end of the spring (4) is connected with the base (1), and the other end of the spring is connected with the steel pin (3).
6. The method for installing the anchor line hole bottom reverse traction device according to claim 5, wherein: the traction mechanism comprises a pulley (2) arranged in the base, one end of the traction rope (22) extends out of the anchor rope hole (200) to be connected with the anchor rope (300), and the other end of the traction rope bypasses the pulley (2) to be connected with external power.
7. The method for installing the anchor line hole bottom reverse traction device according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), during the construction of the anchor cable hole drilling holes, drilling to the depth of the designed holes according to the designed hole diameter, continuously drilling forward for 20cm, and reaming at the tail end for 10 cm.
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| CN201910272226.XA CN109944241B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and anchor cable installation method |
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| CN201910272226.XA CN109944241B (en) | 2019-04-04 | 2019-04-04 | Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device and anchor cable installation method |
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| CN109944241B true CN109944241B (en) | 2023-11-10 |
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| CN110359380A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-10-22 | 上海悍马建筑科技有限公司 | The three-dimensional tensioning equipment of concrete foundation cushion cap prestressing force |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07127058A (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-16 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Construction method for upward anchor and its anchor |
| CN101343882A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-14 | 山东大学 | Miniature pre-stress anchor wire used for model experiment and its burying and loading method |
| CN102635115A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-08-15 | 上海强劲地基工程股份有限公司 | Anchoring structure of foundation pit support capable of recycling anchor bars, and method for efficiently recycling anchor bars |
| CN105804075A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | self-supporting prestressed anchor cable |
| CN108086334A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of recyclable quick prestress anchorage cable and its construction method |
| CN210031791U (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device |
-
2019
- 2019-04-04 CN CN201910272226.XA patent/CN109944241B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07127058A (en) * | 1993-11-05 | 1995-05-16 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Construction method for upward anchor and its anchor |
| CN101343882A (en) * | 2008-08-18 | 2009-01-14 | 山东大学 | Miniature pre-stress anchor wire used for model experiment and its burying and loading method |
| CN102635115A (en) * | 2012-05-11 | 2012-08-15 | 上海强劲地基工程股份有限公司 | Anchoring structure of foundation pit support capable of recycling anchor bars, and method for efficiently recycling anchor bars |
| CN105804075A (en) * | 2016-05-10 | 2016-07-27 | 中国地质科学院探矿工艺研究所 | self-supporting prestressed anchor cable |
| CN108086334A (en) * | 2017-12-13 | 2018-05-29 | 大连交通大学 | A kind of recyclable quick prestress anchorage cable and its construction method |
| CN210031791U (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-02-07 | 长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司 | Anchor cable hole bottom reverse traction device |
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